Part 4

Henry Ford: Bringing the Automobile

To the Common Man.

Quiz for Automobile Experts

1. When was the first automobile with internal combustion engine made?

1. in 1862

2. in 1872

3. in 1882

2. What was its engine powered by?

1. oil

2. kerosene

3. gas

3. What is ‘ignition'?

1. a cover for the hub of a vehicle’s wheel

2. a mechanism for starting the combustion of mixture in the cylinder

3. a wheel by which a vehicle is steered

4. What is the luggage compartment of a car called?

1. windshield

2. cap

3. boot

5. What is ‘hatchback’?

1. a sports car

2. a small three door car

3. a car with a sloping back hinged at the top to form a door

6. The car tyres are called pneumatic because they:

1. are made of rubber

2. contain air inside

3. can be replaced

7. What is ‘Indy”?

1. a chiefly US motor racing competition

2. the first car made in India

3. a type of five door estate cars

8. When was the first car racing competition held?

1. in 1903

2. in 1894

3. in 1862

9. What was the maximum speed that the motor vehicles did in that competition?

1. 15 km/h

2. 24 km/h

3. 70 km/h

10. How is a car with a folding or detachable roof called?

1. removable

2. packable

3. convertible

Vocabulary Practice.

1. Choose a synonym from the text to the underlined words and word combinations.

1. The only further step required is to get rid of the idea of producing on what the traffic will bear.

2. In the early years of the company’s existence, Ford took part in legal battles challenging patents which limited his opportunities to alter the internal combustion engine…

3. Alongside of the political reforms of the Progressive Era, Ford’s dedication to the free market, to making a socially useful products …, suggested that a new and better way of life was coming.

4. Ford was a real hero for the common Americans.

5. Though he closed his factories for 18 months in 1927-1928 to prepare for a new Ford car, the Model A, he never achieved his position of leadership in the car industry again.

6. Yet Ford himself was frequently criticized.

7. Ford continued to manufacture the Model T until General Motors left it behind in sales with its more stylish-looking Chevrolet.

8. Ford was fond of all vegetables, but he adored the soybean with a feeling close to admiration.

9. To him it was the medicine for every decease.

10. Ford’s peace campaign was the momentary caprice of an inventor and manufacturer who got involved into a too difficult task when entering the sphere of politics.

2. Translate the following words and word combinations into English:

• служить подмастерьем

• лошадиная сила

• предпринять шаги, начать

• излагать

• составлять реальный рынок для какого-либо продукта

• всестороннее обслуживание

• враг монополий

• шасси

• сходить с конвейера

• утроить

• достижения

• с помощью нейтрального посредничества

• делать вклад в уничтожение аграрного общества

• шикарный

• в огромной степени

• противоречивая фигура

• быть побежденным

• высмеивать

• навязчивая идея

• оценочный

• производный продукт

• прославлять кровопролитие

• в полном смысле слова, без преувеличения

• потерпеть крах

• скопить

что касается продукт

а

3. Translate into Russian:

• to revolutionize

• humble farming background

• internal combustion engine

• to become completely knowledgeable

• to buy the biggest dollar’s worth of quality

• to meet a demand

• pricing on what the traffic will bear

• pricing on what it costs to manufacture

• the champion of the common man

• boxy

• tinny-looking

• mass production assembly line

• to conduct a test

• to fit in well with smth.

• to discourage war

• self-reliance

• to muss up smb.’s mind

• to unionize

• a curse

• to dramatize the value of human incentives

• to lose the common touch

• to dehumanize

• parched guests

• to feature

• to fiddle with smth.

• a colorful figure

• within the purchasing power

• at hand

• charitable causes

collective bargainin

g

You have read the text about Henry Ford and his contributions to the US car industry. Now read another text about the development of automobile industry in Britain. Find the reasons for the decline in the UK car manufacturing. Then do the tasks below.