курс профперевод полный скачанный мной

25)я далек от громких слов о патриотизме — here, too, reworking is needed. "I'm not given to making patriotic statements" is a possibility, or

"I don't go around trumpeting patriotism/patriotic slogans."

26)дело — this is "cause" or "work," or even "my life's work."

Interview with Professor Sergei Mironov

(Читается с британским и с австралийским акцентами)

—Sergei Pavlovich, where are most of your patients coming from?

—Athletes... Ballet performers... circus performers. Different kinds of people with different lives and different injuries. During the years of its existence our clinic has treated Maya Plisetskaya and Valery Kharlamov, Vladimir Vasiliev and Olga Korbut...We've seen nearly all the players of the USSR hockey, football and gymnastics teams, and well known movie stars. Sports and art go together not just because they always involve spurts of creativity, and improvisation. It's also because these involve enormous physical stress, and, unfortunately, traumas.

—Your patients probably are also pretty tough customers. Yet I don't think I've seen refined "Kremlin-style" service here.

—We don't have the funds for that. Most of the wards are for 4—5 people, our operating room is under repair, so we have to use other facilities, the food...What kind of food can you have in a hospital nowadays! You've probably seen that for yourself.

—Been through it. And not Just the food. I asked the nurse far a bandaid, and she threw up her hands: forget it.

There's a real shortage of gauze bandages, and cotton, let alone

medicines. And in Moscow you can still put up with the situation...

—And yet your clinic has always been considered prestigious. People say you can only get in here through pull.

—Well, I'd rather say that it was specialized, intended for people with specific kinds of trauma. Now we accept anyone. There's only one condition, unfortunately: you have to pay for treatment.

—And would you like to become the owner of a private clinic ?

—Sure.

—You 're not afraid you 'd be called a big cheese, someone making money at the next guy's expense?

—I ' m afraid, even though I ' m already 44, I won't live to see that day. And, you know, the Russian system, which is great at throwing around terms like that at western medicine, has gotten our people,

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particularly when they get sick, to the point where today they're afraid to go to the doctor, and they're even more scared of ending up in the hospital. No one can afford that kind of money.

—You don't feel humiliated by your own situation — and your own financial situation!

—What does that mean, "don't feel humiliated?" I'm pretty ge nerous, I like to help out my acquaintances and friends, have people over. But you know that nowadays costs a fortune. And I've got one shortcoming — I don't take public transportation to work, because I always want to get to the clinic, especially when I've got to operate, feeling crisp and clean. And gas nowadays... Well, to sum it up, materially, I'm far from being in the situation of a "pre-revolutionary" professor.

And it's not just a question of personal tastes and preferences. For example, in Spain from May 25—29 there's going to be the first world congress on sports injuries. You'd think that we — the representatives of a clinic which has gained unique experience over the years — would be the obvious people to go. We prepared for it, we received invitations. But the flight for me and my assistant would set us back about $4,000. Where is that going to come from? And the congress is bringing together the best specialists from all over, there's a chance to get unique information, make new contacts. Our only hope is for sponsors. God willing, we'll find some.— So the popular saying is right: it's better to be rich and healthy than poor and sick ?

—Yes, today you're better off not getting sick. What's going on in medicine is in fact reflecting more general processes. For example, while Moscow clinics have always had a huge flow of patients coming from other cities, today there are a lot less. To come to the capital for treatment you need a lot of money: to cover the trip, housing, food, treatment. Today many children's hospitals have been forced to practically halve the number of beds. And now we need to think not just about how to render a person professional assistance, but how to ease his desperate financial plight. For example, if we're talking about traumas, theoretically a fracture of any degree of complexity, even any compound fracture, can be treated at home. But we're forced after virtually every operation to keep the patient in the clinic, because there's literally no place to discharge him, and there are no ambulatory rehabilitation centers. For those you need buildings, money... It's a vicious circle.

—To solve all these pressing problems you probably have to be not just a talented doctor, but also a talented administrator. Do you have that in you ?

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—I learned a lot from my mother. She had to both see patients and run the clinic single-handed, and that involves hundreds of problems.

—Sergei Pavlovich, sorry for a banal question. Are you happy?

—I think so. I love my work, I have bright colleagues, friends, my family, my son is growing up...

—How old is he?

—Going on seven.

—Would you like him to follow in your footsteps ? After all, you 've got, so to speak, a family business going... Zoya Sergeevna ran the clinic, now you 're doing it....

—Well, I ' m for family businesses. In the past that for some reason was criticized, but 1 don't see anything shameful about it. When your children grow up, and if they grow up normal, if they're not mental defectives why not pass on to them the thing to which their parents have devoted their lives and energy. But it certainly takes a lot out of you.

—But one fine clay wouldn't you feel like throwing in the towel and going off, well, abroad? Don't you have offers — someone of your talent and skills ?

—Of course I've had them. In principle, I don't like making patriotic noises, but I don't want to leave. My ancestors are buried here, there's my father's grave, my mother's reputation, our cause. And as you've just said: my son is growing up...

Текст 14

Выступление Председателя Правительства России В.С.Черномырдина на 19-й специальной сессии Генеральной Ассамблеи ООН по охране

окружающей среды, 1997

Уважаемый господин Председатель,

Прежде всего, уважаемый господин Председатель, примите наши поздравления с избранием Вас на этот высокий пост. Де-

легация России, разделяя общий настрой на продуктивную работу сессии, будет всемерно способствовать успешному выполнению

Вашейответственноймиссии.

Россия в целом позитивно оценивает ход осуществления реше-

ний Конференции ООН 1992 года по окружающей среде и разви-

тию. Четче обозначились приоритетные направления и актуальные

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проблемы в области охраны окружающей среды и обеспечения устойчивого развития. Уже работают рожденные в Рио-де-Жанейро глобальные конвенции по изменению климата и биообразия, формируются условия для запуска новых механизмов междуна- родно-правового регулирования в природоохранной среде.

Концепция устойчивого развития, принятая в Рио, обогатилась в результате проведения последующих крупных форумов ООН по вопросам народонаселения, населенных пунктов, продовольственной безопасности, социального развития, укрепления роли женщин. Тем самым заложена солидная основа для гло-

бальногопартнерствапообеспечению устойчивогоразвития.

Сделано немало, но качественных сдвигов в оздоровлении экологии Земли пока не произошло. Сохраняется угроза дальнейшего ухудшения состояния окружающей среды планеты. Об этом свидетельствуют подготовленные в последнее время автори-

тетными международными организациями и научными институтами оценки экологической ситуации в мире и ее перспектив в условиях сохранения нынешних моделей хозяйствования.

Основной вызов усилиям по достижению устойчивого развития ставит технологическое обновление "экономики в условиях бурной глобализации и растущего антропогенного прессинга на природу, в то время как современной цивилизацией не предложено альтернативы, которая могла бы по существу заменить регулирующие механизмы биосферы.

Нынешний форум призван дать толчок международному природоохранному сотрудничеству. Сосредоточиться на устранении выявленных пробелов, недоработок. Среди них — создание оптимальных условий для передачи экологически безопасных технологий, более стабильное и предсказуемое ресурсное обеспечение природоохранных мероприятий, развертывание работы по выработке конвенции о сохранении и рациональном использовании лесных ресурсов и др.

Россия в нынешних непростых условиях делает максимум возможного для поддержки усилий мирового сообщества в решении этих приоритетных глобальных проблем. Указом Президента Российской Федерации Б.Н.Ельцина от 1 апреля 1996 года определено существо нашей концепции о переходе страны к устойчивому развитию. Мы неукоснительно выполняем свои обязательства по конвенциям об изменении климата и сохранении биологического разнообразия, активно участвуем в других международныхусилиях, призванныхпретворитьвжизньидеологию ипрактикуустойчивогоразвития.

Стержень нашего подхода к устойчивому развитию базируется на особой ответственности России за экологию планеты. Наше воздействие на глобальную окружающую среду весьма значительно в абсолютном масштабе, а также по отношению к производимому продукту в сравнении с другими технологически передовыми государствами. Россия располагает крупнейшим на планете массивом естественных экосистем, которые служат резервом устойчивости глобальной биосферы.

Переход нашей страны к рыночной модели хозяйства и кардинальные усилия по социальному преобразованию общества позволяют повысить ответственность за состояние окружающей среды в процессе осуществления экономической реформы, более гибко сочетая меры государственного регулирования с рыночными механизмами.

Важное значение мы придаем укреплению сотрудничества

вборьбе с истощением озонового слоя земли, которое чревато

драматическими последствиями для человечества и биосферы.

УРоссии есть заинтересованность в полноценном участии

вКонвенции по борьбе с опустыниванием. Практические шаги

вэтом направлении последуют после разработки и принятия дополнительного приложения к Конвенции, отражающего особые условия стран с переходной экономикой.

По нашему убеждению, назрела необходимость в скорейшем начале переговорного процесса для разработки международноправового инструмента по лесам. Мы осознаем издержки расточительства в использовании природных ресурсов и в этой связи считаем задачей первоочередной важности перестройку энергетического сектора.

Как лесная держава, обладающая одной пятой лесных массивов Земли, Россия крайне заинтересована в рациональном использовании и сбережении лесов для нужд потомков и всего человечества. Леса — это не только ресурсы для экономического развития, но и «легкие», поглощающие среди прочего те самые газы, которые вызывают парниковый эффект и чреваты угрозами

нестабильности климатической системы.

Должное внимание должно быть уделено таким принципиальноважнымвопросам, каккачествоглобальныхресурсовпресной воды; сохранение экосистем Мирового океана; комплексное развитие энергетических ресурсов, экологичный транспорт; урбанизация; продовольственная безопасность.

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Понимаем, что с плеча все эти проблемы не решить, но наращивать коэффициент нашего совместного полезного действия можно и нужно с непременным и самым тщательным учетом ин-

тересов и реальных возможностей всех групп государств.

Благодарю за внимание.

* * *

Mr. President,

First of all, Mr. President, please accept our congratulations/ we/should like to congratulate you/extend our congratulations on your election to this important/distinguished post. The Russian delegation/ shares the general desire for a productive session/like other delegations hopes our session will be productive/and will/in all possible ways/do everything possible/all in its power/to promote the/success of/successful conclusion/achievement of/your important task/agenda/ objective.

Russia for the most part/on the whole/approves of/assesses positively/looks favorably on/the continuation of/the developments in/ progress of/the implementation of the decisions of the UN conference on the environment and development of 1992. There has been a clearer identification/highlighting/demarcation/of priority areas/ priorities/and pressing/urgent/relevant/problems concerning/regarding the environment and in ensuring/achieving sustainable development. There are already in effect/we already see in operation the global conventions produced/ drawn up/initiated in Rio de Janeiro on climate change and biodiversity, and conditions are being established/created for the launching/start of new mechanisms for/ international legal regulation in the ecological sphere/area of the environment.

The concept of stable development adopted in Rio has been fleshed out/supplemented through the holding of subsequent UN fora on issues/problems of population, population centers, food security, social development, and enhancing the role of women. This has established/created a good/reliable/solid/basis/foundation for global partnership to bring about/for sustainable development.

A good deal/much/has been done, but there have not yet been qualitative changes/moves towards improving the earth's ecology. There is still a threat of further deterioration of the state of the planet's environment. This is shown/demonstrated/attested to/by the assessments recently prepared by authoritative international organizations and research-scientific institutes on the ecological situation in the world and (its) future prospects/perspectives for the future/given the continuation/maintenance of present economic models.

The major challenge to (efforts to achieve) sustainable development is being posed/raised by/technological innovations in economics in conditions of galloping/lightning/globalization and growing anthropogenic/human/pressure on nature, while modern civilization has no alternative which could in fact/truly/replace the regulating mechanisms of the biosphere.

This forum must/is being called on to provide an impetus for/to stimulate/international environmental cooperation. It must focus on the elimination of existing gaps and shortcomings. These include the establishment of the best possible/optimal conditions for the transfer of ecologically safe technologies, more stable and predictable availability of/provision of resources to environmental projects/ activities, the development of work to draw up/produce a convention on the preservation and rational use of forest resources, etc.

Russia in today's difficult conditions/circumstances is doing all in its power/everything possible/to support the efforts of the international community to resolve these high priority global problems. An edict of the President of the Russian Federation, Boris Yeltsin, of I April 1996 defines the substance of our concept of the country's transition to sustainable development. We are unswervingly fulfilling our obligations under/strictly complying with/carrying out to the letter/the convention on climate change and the preservation of biological diversity, and are actively participating in other international efforts to bring about real/implement in practice/realize the words and deeds of/concept and practice of/sustainable development.

The foundation of/our approach to sustainable development/is stems from/Our approach to sustainable development is based on/ Russia's special responsibility for the ecology of the planet. Our impact on the global environment is a major one/extremely significant on an absolute scale, and also regarding the results produced as compared to other technologically advanced states. Russia possesses/has the (planet's) largest mass of natural ecosystems/on the planet, which serve/act as a reserve for the stability of the global biosphere.

The transition of our country to a market economic system and the fundamental/radical efforts for the/to bring/at bringing about the/social transformation of society/allow to/bring about/promote greater/more/enhance responsibility for the state of the environment ecology/climate/during the process of the implementation of economic reform, for a more flexible combination of measures of state regulation with economic mechanisms.

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We attach great significance to the strengthening of cooperation to counteract/resist the depletion of the earth's ozone layer, which is fraught with/which risks/which may have tragic/dramatic consequences

for mankind and for the biosphere.

Russia is interested in full-fledged participation in the Convention against desertification. Practical action/steps/real measures here/in this field will follow after the drawing up and adoption of an additional annex to the Convention, reflecting the specific conditions of countries with a transition economy.

We believe that the time is ripe/there is a need for/a speedy beginning of/to begin immediately/the negotiating process to produce an international-legal instrument on forests. We are aware of/ acknowledge the consequences of/damage caused by wasteful use of/the squandering of natural resources, and here/therefore believe that a highest priority objective/task is the restructuring of the energy sector.

As a country/which has forests/with forests/which account for/ one-fifth of all the large forests of the earth, Russia is extremely interested in/concerned for the rational use of and preservation of forests for the needs of our descendants and for all mankind. Forests are not only a resource for economic development but also the "lungs" which absorb, inter alia, those very gases which cause the greenhouse effect and threaten to destabilize the climate system.

(Due) Attention must also be paid to/focused on such fundamentally/ basically important questions as the quality of global drinking water resources; the preservation of the ecosystems of the World ocean; the comprehensive development of energy resources and ecological transportation; urbanization and food security.

We understand/are aware/that all these problems cannot be solved right away/right off/at one blow/, but our joint effectiveness/our joint effective actions/can and must be stepped up/intensified, by/ through unfailing/full and careful/rigorous/scrupulous/concern for the interests and genuine potential/actual/realistic possibilities/potential of all groups of states.

Thank you, Mr. President.

This text is packed with words and phrases which can be condensed or omitted, and many clauses require rephrasing. It also includes some useful and very common ecological terms which the student is well advised to learn.

Комментарии:

1) уважаемый господин председатель — since the speaker is addressing the President of the UN General Assembly, this is "Mr. President" and not "Mr. Chairman." Уважаемый should always be omitted when addressing the Chairman/President at the beginning of a speech.

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2)общий настрой на продуктивную работу сессии — to save time, the interpreter can simply say, "Hopes our session will be successful" or "productive," which is all this basically means.

3)вашей ответственной миссии — "mission" should be avoided, and the literal translation "responsible" does not work for ответственной. "Important task" or "agenda" gets the point across.

4)в целом позитивно оценивает ход осуществления решений — "has a positive assessment" is cliched and awkward. "Approves of is what is meant. "Ход" does not have to be translated as "course;" the idea is one of developments or continuation of implementation.

5)приоритетные направления — "high priority" is clearer than "priority" here, and nine times out of ten направление is "area" rather than "direction." Актуальные as а "ложный друг переводчика" should be rendered as relevant or pressing, rather than "actual." В области can easily be omitted.

6)устойчивого развития — while устойчивый often means "stable," устойчивое развитие has become the accepted rendering of "sustainable development," and is always translated as such.

7)укрепления роли женщин — since this is the last clause in the sentence it needs "and" before it. If the interpreter fails to insert that, he can always say, once he realizes that the sentence has come to an end, "enhancing the role of women, — etc./and other issues."

8)заложена солидная основа — a good or reliable foundation has been laid is what is meant.

9)по обеспечению — can easily be omitted — "for sustainable development" is sufficient.

10)сделано немало — antonymic translation is needed: "much" or "a good deal" or "a lot" has been done,

11)об этом свидетельствует — this required "thinking nominative," turning the об этом into a nominative subject: "This demonstrates/proves..."

12)в последнее время — often can simply be rendered as "recently," which is idiomatic and saves time.

13)в условиях — can easily be omitted.

14)ставит технологическое обновление — this needs a compound tense, since it involves description of a continuing process: "The challenge...is being posed by..."

15)призван — the idea here is either "is being called on," or, simply, "must."

16)сосредоточиться на... — this is best translated by being turned into a subject: "It must focus on..."

17)среди них — another example of how "thinking nominative" simplifies the English syntax: "These include..." rather than the clumsy construction, "Among them are..."

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18)указом — yet another "think nominative:" "An edict of the President..." Be sure to say "Boris Yeltsin" and not "B.N.Yeltsin," since English does not ordinarily use initials with last names.

19)мы неукоснительно выполняем — this needs a continuous compound tense: We have been/we are unswervingly/strictly complying with our obligations, since there is obviously a process involved here.

20)претворить в жизнь идеологию и практику — a literal translation is very clumsy. "To bring to life," "to implement in word and deed" get the idea across.

21)кардинальные усилия — кардинальные is best rendered as "fundamental" or "radical," but definitely not as "cardinal."

22)борьбе с истощением — истощение of the ozone layer is "depletion", and борьба can be omitted since the meaning of the sentence is clear from the verb "counteract" or "resist."

23)драматические последствия — while "dramatic" often but not always works as a translation for драматические, "tragic" is sometimes a better choice.

24)у России есть — another clear case of "think nominative:" "Russia is interested/wishes to..."

25)практическиешагивэтомнаправлении— "realistic measures" is just as good as "practical steps," and gets rid of the ever-present "practical." "В этом направлении" can easily be rendered as "here" or "in this field."

26)как лесная держава — "a forest power" sounds slightly odd, and "as a country with forests" will solve the problem.

27)чреватыугрозами нестабильности климатической системы — here the ubiquitous "fraught with" can safely be dispensed with and replaced by "threaten to."

28)принципиально важным — this constantly recurring adjective is universally detested by Russian-English interpreters, for "principled" almost never works. "Fundamental" is a much better choice.

29)комплексное развитие — this can only be "comprehensive," definitely not "complex." The idea is of all-round, full-coverage development, not of a "complicated" development.

30)непременнымисамымтщательнымучетом— "taking into account" for учет will complicate this sentence. "Concern" (see above translations) works much better.

31)реальных возможностей — don't forget "potential" as a translation of

возможностей.

32)благодарю за внимание — don't spoil the impression created by an excellent interpretation by mumbling something about "for your attention." This is not a first grade classroom of students "paying attention" to the teacher, and "thank you for your attention" does not work in English. Just "I thank you" is fine.

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