ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 1

Стандартные окислительно-восстановительные потенциалы

Элемент

Реакция

Е0, В

Ag

Ag+ + e = Ag↓

+0.80

AgBr↓ + e = Ag↓ + Br−

+0.55

AgCl↓ + e = Ag↓ + Сl−

+0.22

Ag(NH3 )2+ = Ag↓ + 2NH3

+0.37

AgI↓ + e = Ag↓ + I−

–0.15

Ag(CN)2- + e = Ag↓ + 2 СN−

–0.31

AgCN↓ + e = Ag↓ + СN−

–0.22

Ag2S↓ + 2e = 2Ag↓ + S2−

–0.70

AgBrO3 + e = Ag↓ + BrO3−

+0.55

AgNO2 + e = Ag↓ + NO2−

+0.56

AgCH3COO + e = Ag↓ + CH3COO−

+0.64

Ag2O + 2 H+

+ 2e = 2Ag↓ + H2O

+1.17

2AgO + 2 H+

+ 2e = Ag2O + H2O

+1.40

Ag2O3 + 2 H+

+ 2e = 2AgO + H2O

+1.57

Ag2O + H2O + 2e = Ag↓ + 2 OH−

+0.34

Ag2O3 + 6 H+

+ 4e = 2Ag+ + 3H2O

+1.67

AgO+ + 2 H+ + 2e = Ag+ + H2O

+1.99

AgO−

+ 2 H+ + e = Ag↓ + H2O

+2.22

Ag2CrO4↓ + 2e = 2Ag↓ + СrO2−

+0.45

4

Al

Al3+

+ 3e = Al↓

–1.66

AlO2− + H2O + 3e = Al↓ + 4 OH−

–2.35

AlO2− + 4 H+ + 3e = Al↓ + H2O

–1.26

Al(OH)3↓ + 3e = Al↓ + 3 OH−

–2.31

AlF3−+ 3e = Al↓ + 6 F−

–2.07

6

As

AsS2− + 3e = As + 2 S2−

–0.80

As + 3 H+ + 3e = AsH3

–0.61

As2O3 + 6 H+

+ 6e = 2As + 3H2O

+0.23

AsO+ + 2 H+ + 3e = As + H2O

+0.25

H3AsO4 + 3 H+

+ 2e = AsO+ + 3H2O

+0.55

H3AsO4 + 2 H+ + 2e = HAsO2 + 2H2O

+0.56

AsO3−

+ 8 H+ + 5e = As + 4H2O

+0.65

4

AsO2−+ 2H2O + 3e = As + 4 OH−

–0.68

Au

Au3++ 3e = Au↓

+1.50

 Неорганическая химия. Метод. указания по самостоятельной работе

-82-

Au3++ 2e = Au+

+1.41

Au+ + e = Au↓

+1.50

AuCl4−+ 3e = Au↓ + Cl−

+1.00

AuI + e = Au↓ + I−

+0.50

[Au(SCN 2 )]− + e = Au↓ + 2 SCN −

+0.69

[AuBr

]−+ 2e = AuBr−+ 2 Br−

+0,82

4

2

[AuBr ]−

+2e = Au + 4 Br−

+0.87

4

[AuBr ]−

+ e = Au + 2 Br−

+0.96

2

AuO2 + H2O + e = HAuO2− + H+

+0.82

3

AuCl + e = Au + Cl−

+1.17

Au2O3 + 6 H+ + 6e = 2Au + 3H2O

+1.46

H3AuO3 + 3 H+ + 2e = Au+ + 3H2O

+1.50

AuO2 + 4 H+ + e = Au3+ + 2H2O

+2.51

Ba

Ba2+ + 2e = Ba↓

–2.90

Be

Be2+ + 2e = Be↓

–1.85

Be(OH)2 + 2 H+ + 2e = Be↓ + 2H2O

–1.82

Be2O32− + 6 H+ + 4e = 2Be↓ + 3H2O

–1.39

BeO2− + 4 H+ + 2e = Be↓ + 2H2O

–0.91

2

Bi

BiO+ + 2 H+ + 3e = Bi + H2O

+0.32

NaBiO3 + 4 H+ + 2e = BiO+ + Na+ +2H2O

+1.80

Bi(OH)3 + 3e = Bi↓ + 3 OH−

–0.46

BiOCl + 2 H+ + 3e = Bi + H2O + Cl−

+0.16

[BiCl4 ]− + 3e = Bi + 4 Cl−

+0.16

Bi3+ + 3e = Bi

+0.21

BiOH2+ + H+ + 3e = Bi + H2O

+0.25

BiO + 2 H+ + 3e = Bi + H2O

+0.32

Bi2O3 + 6 H+ + 6e = 2Bi + 3H2O

+0.37

Bi4O7 + 2 H+ + 2e = 2Bi2O3 + H2O

+1.34

2Bi2O4 + 2 H+ + 2e = Bi4O7 + H2O

+1.54

Bi2O5 + 2 H+ + 2e = Bi2O4 + H2O

+1.61

Bi2O5 + 10 H+ + 4e = 2Bi3+ + 5H2O

+1.76

Br

Br2 +2e = 2 Br−

+1.09

2HBrO + 2H+ + 2e = Br2 + 2H2O

+1.05

2 BrO−+ 2H2O + 2e = Br2 + 4 OH−

+0.45

HBrO + H+ + 2e = Br− + H2O

+1.34

BrO−+ H2O + 2e = Br− + 2 OH−

+0.76

BrO3−+ 5H+ +4e = HBrO + 2H2O

+1.45

BrO3−+ 2H2O + 4e = BrO−+ 4 OH−

+0.54

 Неорганическая химия. Метод. указания по самостоятельной работе

-83-

2 BrO3−+ 12H+ +10e = Br2 + 6H2O

+1.52

2 BrO3−+ 6H2O +10e = Br2 + 12 OH−

+0.50

BrO3−+6H+ + 6e = Br− + 3H2O

+1.45

BrO3−+ 3H2O + 6e = Br− + 6 OH−

+0.61

Br− + 2e = 3 Br−

+1.05

3

BrCl + 2e = Br− + Cl−

+1.20

C

C↓ + 4H+ + 4e = CH4↑

+0.13

C2H2↑ + 2H+ + 2e = C2H4↑

+0.73

C2H4↑ + 2H+ + 2e = C2H6↑

+0.52

CH3OH + 2H+ + 2e = CH4↑ + H2O

+0.59

C2H5OH + 2H+ + 2e = C2H4↑ + H2O

+0.46

HCHO + 2H+ + 2e = CH3OH

+0.19

CH3CHO + 2H+ + 2e = C2H5OH

+0.19

HCOOH + 2H+ + 2e = 2HCHO

–0.01

CH3COOH + 2H+ + 2e = CH3CHO + H2O

–0.12

2CO2↑ + 2H+ + 2e = H2C2O4

–0.49

HCO2− + H+ + 2e = HCOH + H2O

+0.17

CO2−+ 6 H+ + 4e = HCOH + H2O

+0.20

3

CO2−

+ 8 H+ + 6e = CH3OH + 2H2O

+0.21

3

CO32−+ 3 H+ + 2e = HCO2− + H2O

+0.23

2 CO32−+ 4 H+ + 2e = C2O42−+ 2H2O

+0.44

CO

2−+ 6 H+ + 4e = C + 3H2O

+0.48

3

HCO2−+ 5 H+ + 4e = CH3OH + H2O

+0.20

CO2 + 4 H+ + 4e = C + 2H2O

+0.21

H2CO3 + 4 H+ + 4e = C + 3H2O

+0.23

HCOOH + 2 H+ + 2e = CH3OH

+0.23

CO + 6 H+ + 6e = CH4 + H2O

+0.50

CO + 2 H+ + 2e = C + H2O

+0.52

2H2CO3 + 2 H+ + 2e = H2C2O4 + 2H2O

–0.39

H2CO3 + 2 H+ + 2e = HCOOH + H2O

–0.16

H2CO3 + 4 H+ + 4e = HCOH + 2H2O

–0.05

C2O42−+ 2 H+ + 2e = 2 HCO2−

+0.01

H2CO3 + 6 H+ + 6e = CH3OH + 2H2O

+0.04

HCOOH + 4 H+ + 4e = CH3OH + H2O

+0.15

Ca

Ca2+ + 2e = Ca↓

–2.87

Ca(OH)2↓ + 2e = Ca↓ + 2 OH−

–3.03

Cd

Cd2+ + 2e = Cd↓

–0.40

Cd + H+ + e = CdH

–2.42

CdS + 2e = Cd + S2−

–1.24

[Cd(CN)4 ]2−+ 2e = Cd + 4 CN−

–1.09

 Неорганическая химия. Метод. указания по самостоятельной работе

-84-

[Cd(NH3 )4 ]2+ + 2e = Cd + 4NH3

–0.61

Cd(OH)2 + 2 H+ + 2e = Cd + 2H2O

+0.01

CdO + 2 H+ + 2e = Cd + H2O

+0.06

Ce

Ce3+ + 3e = Ce↓

–2.40

Cl

Cl2↑ + 2e = 2 Сl−

+1.36

2HOCl + 2 H+ +2e = Cl2↑ + 2H2O

+1.63

2 СlO−+ 2H2O + 2e = Cl2↑ + 4 OH−

+0.40

HClO + H+ + 2e = Сl−

+ H2O

+1.50

СlO−+H2O+ 2e = Сl− + 2 OH−

+0.88

HClO2 + 6 H+ + 6e = Cl2↑ + 4H2O

+1.63

HClO2 + 3 H+ + 4e = Сl−

+2H2O

+1.56

СlO

3−+ 6 H+ + 6e = Сl−

+ 3H2O

+1.45

СlO2−

+ H2O + 2e = ClO−

+ 2 OH−

+0.66

СlO3−

+ H2O + 2e = СlO2−

+ 2 OH−

+0.33

3 СlO

3−+ 12 H+ + 10e = Cl2↑ + 6H2O

+1.47

СlO3−+ 3H2O + 6e = Сl− + 6 OH−

+0.63

СlO

4−+2 H+ + 2e = СlO

3−

+ H2O

+1.19

СlO4−

+ H2O + 2e = СlO3−

+ 2 OH−

+0.36

2 СlO

4−+ 16 H+ + 14e = Cl2↑ + 8H2O

+1.39

СlO

4−+ 8 H+ + 8e = Сl−

+ 4H2O

+1.38

СlO4−+ 4H2O + 8e = Сl− + 8 OH−

+0.56

Cl2 + 2 H+ + 2e = 2HCl

+0.99

Cl2O + 4 H+ + 4e = 2HCl + H2O

+1.35

Cl2O + 2 H+ + 2e = Cl2 + H2O

+1.88

Cl2O + 2 H+ + 4e = 2 Сl−

+ H2O

+2.15

ClO2 + 5 H+ + 5e = HCl + 2H2O

+1.44

ClO2 + 4 H+ + 5e = Сl−

+ 2H2O

+1.51

2ClO2 + 8 H+ + 8e = Cl2 + 4H2O

+1.54

Co

Co3+ + e = Co2+

+1.84

Co3+ + 3e = Co↓

+0.33

Co2+ + 2e = Co↓

–0.28

Сo(NH3 )36+ + e = Co(NH

3 )62+

+0.10

Co(NH

3

)2+ + 2e = Co↓ + 6NH3↑

–0.42

6

[Co(CN)6 ]3−+ e = [Co(CN)6 ]4−

–0.83

CoCO3 + 2e = Co + CO2−

–0.64

3

Co(OH)2 + 2 H+ + 2e = Co + 2H2O

+0.10

 Неорганическая химия. Метод. указания по самостоятельной работе

-85-

Co(OH)3 + e = Co(OH)2 + OH−

+0.17

CoO + 2 H+ + 2e = Co + H2O

+0.17

HCoO2− + 3 H+ + 2e = Co + 2H2O

+0.66

CoO2 + 4 H+ + e = Co3+ + 2H2O

+1.42

CoO2 + 4 H+ + 2e = Co2+ + 2H2O

+1.61

Cr

Cr3+ + 3e = Cr↓

–0.74

Cr3+ + e = Cr2+

–0.41

Cr(OH)3↓ +3e = Cr↓ + 3 OH−

–1.30

Cr(OH)2↓ + 2e = Cr↓ + 2 OH−

–1.40

СrO2−+2H2O + 3e = Cr↓ + 4 OH−

–1.20

Сr2O72−+ 14 H+ + 6e = 2Cr3+ + 7H2O

+1.33

CrO2−+ 4H2O + 3e=Cr(OH)3↓ +5 OH−

–0.13

4

Cr2+ +2e = Cr↓

+0.91

Cr(OH)3↓ + 3 H+ + 3e = Cr↓ +3H2O

–0.65

CrO + 2 H+ + 2e = Cr + H2O

–0.59

СrO2−+ 4 H+ + 3e = Cr + 2H2O

+2.13

H2CrO4 + 6 H+ + 6e = Cr + 4H2O

+0.30

CrO2−+ 2 H+ + 3e = CrO

3−

+ H2O

+0.36

4

3

CrO

2−

+ 8 H+ + 6e = Cr + 4H2O

+0.37

4

CrO

3−

+ 6 H+ + 3e = Cr + 3H2O

+0.37

3

CrO42−+ 4 H+ + 3e = СrO

2−+ 2H2O

+0.95

СrO2−+ 4 H+ + e = Cr2+ + 2H2O

+1.19

H2CrO4 + 6 H+ + 3e = Cr3+ + 4H2O

+1.34

CrO2−+ 4 H+ +2e = CrO2 + 2H2O

+1.44

4

CrO2 + 4 H+ + e = Cr3+ + 2H2O

+1.56

Cs

Cs+ +e = Cs↓

–2.91

Cu

Cu2+ +2e = Cu↓

+0.34

Cu+ +e = Cu↓

+0.52

Cu2+ +e = Cu+

+0.15

Cu2+ + Br− + e = CuBr↓

+0.64

Cu2+ + Cl− + e = CuCl↓

+0.54

CuCl↓ + e = Cu↓ + Cl−

+0.14

Cu2+ + I− + e = CuI↓

+0.86

CuBr↓ + e = Cu↓ + Br−

+0.03

CuI↓ + e = Cu↓ + I−

–0.19

Сu(NH

3

)2+

+ e = Cu(NH

3

)+

+ 2NH3↑

–0.01

4

2

Cu(NH

3

)+

+ e = Cu↓ + 2NH3↑

–0.12

2

Сu(NH

3

)2+

+ 2e = Cu↓ + 4NH3↑

–0.07

4

 Неорганическая химия. Метод. указания по самостоятельной работе

-86-

Cu + H+

+e = CuH

–2.78

Cu2S + 2e = 2Cu + S2−

–0.93

CuS + 2e = Cu + S2−

–0.79

[Cu(CN)2 ]−+ e = Cu + 2 CN −

–0.43

CuSCN + e = Cu + SCN−

–0.27

CuI2− + e = Cu + 2 I−

0.00

2Cu2+ + H2O + 2e = Cu2O + 2 H+

+0.20

Cu2O + 2 H+ + 2e = 2Cu + H2O

+0.47

CuO + 2 H+ + 2e = Cu + H2O

+0.57

Cu(OH)2 + 2 H+ + 2e = Cu + 2H2O

+0.61

2CuO + 2 H+ + 2e = Cu2O + H2O

+0.67

Cu2+ + CN −+ e = CuCN

+1.12

HCuO2− + 3 H+

+ 2e = Cu + 2H2O

+1.13

CuO

2−+ 4 H+

+ 2e = Cu + 2H2O

+1.52

2

F

F2↑ + 2e = 2 F−

+2.87

F2↑ + 2 H+

+ 2e = 2HF

+3.06

Fe

Fe3+ + e = Fe2+

+0.77

Fe3+ + 3e = Fe↓

–0.04

Fe2+ + 2e = Fe↓

–0.44

Fe(CN)36−+ e = Fe(CN)64−

+0.36

Fe(OH)3↓ + e = Fe(OH)2↓ + OH−

–0.56

Fe(OH)2↓+ 2e = Fe↓ + 2 OH−

–0.88

FeS↓ + 2e = Fe↓ + S2−

–0.98

Fe2S3↓ + 2e = 2FeS↓ + S2−

–0.67

FeCO3↓ +2e = Fe↓ + CO2−

–0.76

3

Fe3O4 + 8 H+ + 8e = 3Fe + 4H2O

–0.09

Fe2O3 + H2O+ 2 H+ + 2e = 2Fe(OH)2

–0.06

Fe2O3 + 6 H+ + 6e = 2Fe + 3H2O

–0.05

Fe(OH)2↓ + 2 H+

+ 2e = Fe + 2H2O

–0.05

Fe(OH)3↓ + 3 H+

+ 3e = Fe + 3H2O

+0.06

Fe(OH)3↓ + H+ + e = Fe(OH)2↓ + H2O

+0.27

FeOH2+ + H+ + e = Fe2+

+ H2O

+0.91

Fe3O4 +8 H+ + 2e = 3Fe2+

+ 4H2O

+0.98

FeO42−+ 5 H+ + 4e = HFeO2− + 2H2O

+1.00

FeO42−+ 8 H+ + 3e = Fe3+ + 4H2O

+1.70

Ga

Ga3+ + 3e = Ga

–0.53

Ga(OH)3 + 3 H+ + 3e = Ga + 3H2O

–0.42

GaO

3− + 6 H+

+ 3e = Ga + 3H2O

+0.32

3

 Неорганическая химия. Метод. указания по самостоятельной работе

-87-

Ge

Ge2+ + 2e = Ge↓

0.00

H2GeO3 + 4 H+

+ 2e = Ge2+ + 3H2O

–0.36

H2GeO3 + 4 H+ + 4e = Ge + 3H2O

–0.18

GeO + 2 H+

+ 2e = Ge + H2O

–0.29

GeO2 + 4 H+

+ 4e = Ge + 2H2O

–0.25

H

2D+ + 2e = D2↓

–0.0034

2H+ + 2e = H2↑

0.00

2H+(10-7 M) + 2e = H2↑

–0.41

2H2O + 2e = H2 + 2 OH−

–0.83

H2O2 + 2 H+ +2e = 2H2O

+1.77

H+ +e = H↑

–2.10

1

2

H

2

↑ + e = H−

–2.25

Hg

Hg2+ + 2e = Hg↓

+0.85

Hg2+

+ 2e = Hg↓

+0.79

2

2Hg2+ + 2e = Hg22+

+0.91

Hg2Cl2↓ + 2e = 2Hg↓ + 2 Cl−