Тема 3. Sewing Supplies. Sewing а Seam.

Тема 4. Construction Basics. Sewing Garments

Контрольна робота №2

TOPIC: Sewing Supplies. Sewing а Seam.

1. Read and translate the following text:

Sewing involves main steps: measuring, laying out the pattern, cutting, marking, stitching and pressing. For each of these steps there are special tools and supplies to make your sewing easier and help you complete your projects successfully.

Hand-sewing supplies are needles and pins. They are available in a variety of sizes and styles. Thimble protects your finger while hand sewing. Available in a variety of styles and sizes, it is worn on whichever finger you use to push the needle through the fabric. Pincushion provides a safe and handy place to store pins.

Measuring and marking tools. Transparent ruler allows you to see what you are measuring and marking.

Yardstick (meterstick) should be made of smooth hardwood or metal.

Tape-measure has the flexibility helpful for measuring items with shape and dimension. Marking chalk is available in several forms; as powder in a rolling wheel dispenser, as a pencil, or as a flat slice. Chalk lines are easily removable from most fabrics.

Cutting tools. You should use cutting tools only for sewing. 1) sewing scissors – pointed for trimming and clipping work. The two handles are the same size. 2) Shears – used for cutting fabrics. The two handles are shaped differently, to fit the hand comfortably. 3) Embroidery scissors – used for light detail work, like cutting threads, ripping stitches, and cutting buttonholes. 4) Electric scissors – powered by a battery or other source of electricity. These make cutting faster.

Thread is a long strand of twisted fibers. When you buy thread, pull a length from the spool and examine it for evenness. Pull it to test its strength and stretch ability. Buy a thread type similar to your fabric. Use natural threads with natural fabrics.

A seam is row of stitching that holds two or more layers of fabric together. Seams shape fabric to fit your body.

Regulation Stitch. This is the stitch used for permanent stitching such as seams, darts and tucks. The length and tension of the stitch may vary according to the fabric used. On most medium-weight fabrics, the regulation stitch is about 12 stitches to the inch; sheers require a finer stitch (16 to the inch); heavy or coarse fabrics generally take 8 to 10 stitches to the inch

Basting Stitch. Basting stitches are used for temporary joining of sections or details which may require reworking when the garment is fitted or for marking. The longest stitch on the machine (6 to 8 per inch) and a contrasting thread should be used so that the markings and bastings are easily seen and easily removed.

Stitching for Reinforcement. Areas where there is strain or a need for reinforcement, such as points of collars, cuffs, gussets, pointed faced openings of necklines, underarm seam of kimono sleeves, will need a finer, tighter stitch, usually 16 to 20 stitches to the inch.

II. Answer the questions:

1. What processes does sewing include?

2. What are hand-sewing supplies?

3. What do we use for measuring and marking?

4. What is the most widely used marking tool?

5. What is the difference between scissors and shears?

6. What other cutting tools were mentioned in the text?

7. What is a seam?

8. What kinds of stitches can a machine make?

9. What type of stitches is used for making darts and tucks?

10. What is a basting stitch used for?

11. What areas need stitching for reinforcement?