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5 Ailll To consolidate new vocabulary through synonyms

Explain the task and give Ss time to complete it, then check Ss' answers.

Answer Key

Text A: unlucky = unfortunate (adj), proved to be = turned out to be (phr v), entered by force = broke into (phr v), tried = attempted (v), escape = make a quick getaway (phr), find = trace (v)

Text B: penalty = fine (n), said "no" = refused (v), give his opinion = comment (v)

Text C: by mistake = accidentally (adv), charged = ordered (v), official survey = census (n), be present = attend (v), gradually = eventually (adv)

Aim To consolidate information in a text

•Explain the task. Point out that Ss should include some true and some false statements.

•Give Ss time to complete the task and then swap with their partner and mark each other statements.

•Ask some pairs to read their/their partner's statements to the class.

Suggested Answer Key

1 Jack lives in a pet shop. (T)

2Caroline is the pet shop owner. (T)

3The donkey trampled the corn. (F - The donkey was munching the corn.)

4The donkey's owner went to prison. (F - He was given a fine.)

5The cat was called Esposito. (F - It was called Tabby Sai)

6Tabby Sal didn't have to do jury service in the end. (T)

7(AimjTo express a personal opinion

•Read the rubric aloud and give Ss time to prepare their answers.

•Ask various Ss around the class to share their answers with the rest of the class.

Suggested Answer Key

I thought the story about the parrot was the most amusing. I think the animal thinks of the shop as his home and he is protecting it from unwelcome people. I think it would be more funny if the criminals were caught by the DNA in the blood from the scratches the parrot gave them.

I thought the story about the donkey was the most amusing. I feel sorry that the donkey was hungry but glad that it found food and glad that the owner had to pay a fine. I don't think the donkey should have gone to prison but it will teach its owner to feed it properly.

I thought the story about the cat was the most amusing. It was silly of the woman to put her cat as a member of her family and silly of the court not to accept that a cat

can't do jury service. I think the woman should have got a fine for the trouble she caused.

Grammar

s(Aim To revise/practise reported speech

•Direct Ss' attention to the theory box and explain that we use reported speech to say the meaning of what someone said but not their actual words.

•Explain that the tenses change in reported speech.

•Refer Ss back to the text and elicit examples of reported speech. Elicit how they would be in direct speech from Ss around the class. Then, elicit any special introductory verbs used in the text.

Suggested Answer Key

Caroline said that it looked like Jack had spent the rest of the night patrolling and protecting the other animals like a guard dog. (Caroline said, "It looks like he has spent the night patrolling and protecting the other animals like a guard dog.")

She added that she was very proud of him. (She said, "I'm very proud of him.")

A policeman later said that they would possibly be able to trace the thieves from DNA samples taken from the blood they left behind. (A policeman later said, "We will possibly be able to trace the thieves from DNA samples taken from the blood they left behind.")

Mrs Esposito said that Sal was a member of the family, so she had put his name down on the last census form under 'pets'. (Mrs Esposito said, "Sal is a member of the family, so I put his name down on the last census form under 'pets'.")

She added that, clearly, there had been a mix-up. (She said, "Clearly, there has been a mix-up.") An official replied that the cat had to attend the court. (An official said, "The cat has to attend the court.") Mrs Esposito then asked what the cat was supposed to say when the judge asked if the defendant was guilty of not guilty. Miaow1 (Mrs Esposito asked, "What is the cat supposed to say when the judge asks if the defendant is guilty or not guilty. Miaow?"

Special introductory verbs: added, replied

9 (Aim To practise reported speech

•Explain the task and read out the example.

•Give Ss time to complete the task and then check Ss' answers.

Answer Key

1 ... had taken her new smartphone.

2The judge said that he was staying in prison that night.

3The police told the man to put his hands up.

4The lawyer said that the jury would reach a verdict.

5He told те not to park in front of the gates.

6Ann said that she had locked the back door before she left.

7Mike said that his dog Paddy was a good guard dog.

8Fran asked how much the robbers stole/had stolen.

9Andy asked if/whether the vandals had caused much damage.

10Frank asked what time the fire had started.

11Jane asked if/whether i/we could phone the police.

12Sam asked if/whether the murderer had been caught yet.

10 (AimJTO practise reported speech with special introductory verbs

Read each direct question and the reporting verb given and elicit the reported sentences from Ss around the class.

Answer Key

1 Ricky begged to be let go.

2She accused the man of breaking into Harper's house.

3He promised to tell the truth.

4Ann reminded me to call the police.

5She apologised for stealing my wallet.

6He denied taking my camera.

7He suggested talking to a lawyer.

8He warned me not to go near that area.

9He admitted taking/having taken the passport.

10He threatened to call the police if we didn't leave.

Speaking & Writing

11a) (Aim]To role play an interview

•Explain the task and ask Ss to work in pairs.

•Give Ss time to write questions and answers based on story A in the text.

•Check Ss' answers by asking various Ss to read out the interview in pairs to the class.

Suggested Answer Key

A:Why did the thieves break into the pet shop?

B:They wanted to steal Jack and some other animals.

A:What did Jack do?

B:He scratched the thieves to pieces and they had to make a quick getaway through the back door.

A:When did you realise what had happened?

B:The next morning when I found Jack on top of his cage squawking loudly. It looked like he had spent the rest of the night patrolling and protecting the other animals, like a guard dog. I am very proud of him.

A:What did the police say?

B:They said they will possibly be able to trace the thieves from DNA samples taken from the blood they left behind.

b)(Aim ITO practise reporting information

•Explain the task and ask Ss to work in pairs.

•Ss take turns to report the interview.

Suggested Answer Key)

... they (had) wanted to steal Jack and some other animals. The presenter asked what Jack had done. The owner replied that he (had) scratched the thieves to pieces and that they (had) had to make a quick getaway through the back door. The presenter asked when the owner realised what had happened. The owner said she realised it the next morning when she found Jack on top of his cage squawking loudly. She said it looked like he had spent the rest of the night patrolling and protecting the other animals, like a guard dog. She added that she was very proud of him. The presenter asked what the police (had) said. The owner replied that they said they would possibly be able to trace the thieves from DNA samples taken from the blood they (had) left behind.

In my community there are the problems of vandalism and graffiti and a lack of green spaces.

b) A i m To present new vocabulary for solutions to problems in the community

•Go through the list of solutions and explain/ elicit the meanings of any unknown words.

•Read out the example, then ask various Ss around the class to give a solution for each of the problems in Ex. 1a using the suggestions or their own ideas and tell the class.

Suggested Answer Key

If a community has litter in the streets and parks, the council should install more litter bins.

If a community has dangerous drivers, the council should put speed bumps on the roads.

If a community has vandalism and graffiti, the council should organise clean-up days.

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If a community has traffic congestion, the council should improve public transport.

If a community has piles of rubbish outside houses, the council should collect the rubbish more often.

If a community has a lack of green spaces, the council should build parks on waste ground.

If a community has holes in the pavements and roads, the council should make repairs to them.

Listening

2Ailtl To listen for specific information

•Explain the task and ask Ss to read the sentences 1-5.

•Play the recording. Ss listen and complete the task. Play again for Ss to check their answers. Check Ss' answers around the class.

Answer Key

Aim To comment on an incident

•Explain the task and go through the prompts and the useful language box.

•Read out the example exchange and then ask Ss in pairs to act out similar exchanges in turns using the prompts.

•Monitor the activity around the class and then ask some pairs to act out their exchanges in front of the class.

Suggested Answer Key

A:What a nigh tmare! 3 A: What happened?

B:My car was broken into and they stole my CD player.

A:You'rejoking! How awful! 4 A: What happened?

B:Someone sprayed graffiti on the wall of our house.

A:That's been happening a lot recently. Something should be done!

liaWriting

1AimjTo read for gist

•Read the Writing Tip aloud and introduce the type of writing, the content, layout and useful language.

•Give Ss time to read the newspaper report and elicit what it is about.

Answer Key

It is about the local council's plans to renovate an abandoned factory.

2 Aim To analyse a model letter for structure and content

Give Ss time to read the letter and then elicit answers to the questions in the rubric.

Suggested Answer Key

The purpose of Thomas' letter is to make suggestions for what to use the abandoned factory for.

Para 1 - his reason for writing

Paras 2 & 3 - Thomas' suggestions and results Para 4 - his opinion

3[Aim]To substitute linkers

•Explain the task and explain/elicit the functions of the linkers in bold in the list.

•Give Ss time to replace the linkers in bold with the ones in the Writing Tip.

•Check Ss' answers.

Suggested Answer Key

In my opinion - /believe that Firstly - To start with

As a result - In this way Furthermore - In addition Consequently - A s a result All in all - In summary

I strongly agree with - 1am totally in favour of

4a) [Aim]TO prepare for a writing task

•Read the rubric aloud and play the recording. Ss listen and make notes on the suggestions they hear in the recording.

•Check Ss' answers around the class.

Suggested Answer Key

more police on patrol, especially at night, to make people feel safe and discourage vandals

community groups should get together to clean the graffiti and fix the damage then people will get together and realise it is everyone's responsibility to keep the town looking nice notjust the police or the council

b) Aim To write a letter to the editor making suggestions

•Direct Ss' attention to the plan. Refer Ss to Writing Bank 6 for more information. Give Ss time to complete the task using their notes from Ex. 4a.

•Check Ss' answers.

•Alternatively, assign the task as HW and check Ss' answers in the next lesson.

Suggested Answer Key

Dear Sir/Madam,

I am writing in response to the report in the Halford Herald on Wednesday, 16th May about the recent increase in vandalism and graffiti on the high street. In my opinion, there are a number of actions that can be taken to improve the situation.

Firstly, there should be more police on patrol, especially at night. As a result, people would feel safe and vandals would be discouraged.

Furthermore, community groups should get together to clean the graffiti and fix the damage. In this way, people in the community will come together and realise it is everyone's responsibility to keep our town looking nice and not just the responsibility of the police or the council.

All in all, I believe that if these steps are taken the situation will improve greatly. I hope my suggestions will be taken into consideration.

Yours faithfully, Mary Smith

Curricular: C itiz e n sh ip

Ailfl To introduce the topic

•Read the questions in the rubric.

•Start a discussion about crime in Ss neighbourhoods.

•Elicit how Ss think crime can be prevented.

Suggested Answer Key

In my neighbourhood there is more crime now than in the past. There are burglaries, car thefts and vandalism. I think we should have more police on patrol to help prevent crime in our neighbourhoods.

2 AllW To predict the content of a text and listen and read for gist

•Draw Ss' attention to the title and ask them what they think it means and what the text is about.

•Write Ss' suggestions on the board.

•Play the recording. Ss listen and follow the text in their books.

Suggested Answer Key

I think Neighbourhood Watch means a group of people who watch what happens in a neighbourhood to keep it safe. The text is about this organisation.

з[Aim To read for general comprehension

•Ask Ss to read the headings (A-E) and then give them time to read the text again and complete the task.

•Check Ss' answers on the board.

Answer Key

•Refer Ss to the Check these words box and explain/ elicit the meanings of the words or ask Ss to use their dictionaries and look them up.

Suggested Answer Key

proverb (n): a short saying that states a truth neighbourhood (n): an area in a city//town where people live

security (n): safety measures, precautions protect (v): to keep safe

crime (n): an illegal action punishable by law voluntary (adj): done willingly, ofyour own free will

community (n): a group of people who live in the same area

burglary (n): the act of entering a building and stealing things

install (v): to put in or set up sth so it is ready to be used vandalism (n): deliberate destruction of sth (public/ private property)

4[AimjTo learn/consolidate new vocabulary

•Direct Ss' attention to the words in bold in the text and the words 1-5.

•Give Ss time to match them and then check Ss' answers around the class.

Answer Key

1 safe - secure

2a person of advanced age - elder

3alone - isolated

4actions - measures

5stop sth from happening - prevent

Aim To consolidate information in a text/To develop critical thinking skills

•Ask Ss to imagine that they belong to the Neighbourhood Watch in their area.

•Tell Ss to use the information and vocabulary from the text to try and convince their partner to join the group.

•Allow Ss time to prepare and present their arguments to their partner.

•Monitor activity around the class.

•Ask various Ss to tell the class.

Answer Key

A:Hi, John. I want to talk to you about joining Neighbourhood Watch.

B:I'm not sure about that. Why would I want to join?

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A:Well, I'm sure you've noticed we've had a lot more crime in the neighbourhood lately. We need to take some measures to protect ourselves.

B:Like what? What can we do to make the neighbourhood safer?

A:First of all, if we all keep an eye on the neighbourhood, people will know and feel safer. We

can put signs up that let crooks know this is a Neighbourhood Watch area.

В: I guess that way they know we're watching them.

A:Correct! Everyone in the neighbourhood works together and we all decide what to do.

B:It sounds like a good idea. It helps keeps the

criminals away and we all feel safer too. How do I join?

A:Just come out to the next meeting on Thursday evening and we'll sign you up then.

6(A |IH )TO give a presentation about Neighbourhood Watch

•Divide the class into pairs or small groups.

•Explain the task and direct Ss to the Internet, encyclopaedias or other reference sources to collect more information about Neighbourhood Watch.

•Ask various pairs/groups to present their information to the class.

•Alternatively, assign the task as HW and ask Ss to give their presentations in the next lesson.

Suggested Answer Key

Neighbourhood Watch began in the United States in the early 1960s. Since then it has expanded to many other countries. The main idea is that as many people as possible in a community help watch over their neighbourhood. This helps prevent theft and vandalism. Each Neighbourhood Watch group decides what type of actions and activities it will do. The groups work with the police to make sure everything is done correctly and safely. The Neighbourhood Watch programme continues to be a success in many communities.

Language in Use

AimJTo present and practise phrasal verbs

•Go through the list of phrasal verbs and their definitions. Elicit an example for each one from various Ss around the class, using their dictionaries to help them if necessary.

•Give Ss time to complete the task, and then check Ss' answers.

Answer Key

2 (Aim To practise prepositional phrases

Explain the task, give Ss time to complete it, and then check Ss' answers.

Answer Key

3I Aim !To use prefixes to form new words

•Read the theory box and the examples aloud, and then explain the task.

•Give Ss time to complete the task, and then check Ss' answers.

Answer Key

4( A im To revise vocabulary from the module

Give Ss time to complete the task, and then check Ss' answers.

Answer Key

Quiz

Answer Key

Ss prepare their quiz in groups. Ask Ss to go through the pages of Module 6 and select information to compile their quiz. Ask groups to exchange quizzes, to do them, and then check their answers.

Suggested Answer Key

Quiz

7 Jan Vormann is a graffiti artist. (F - artist)

2Guerrilla gardeners often get arrested. (F)

3Ben Langdon is 46. (F - 26)

4Agatha Christie was a famous English detective. (F - crime writer)

5Everyone in the community must belong to Neighbourhood Watch. (F - voluntary organisation)

6Many viruses get into your computer through your email. (T)

7A cracker helps protect your computer. (F - can easily break into computer systems)

8Jack the parrot is from Boston, USA. (F - Coventry, UK)

Skills

Reading

(Aim[jTo read for key information

•Explain the task and ask Ss to read the questions 1-6 and the possible answers.

•Give Ss time to read the text and then choose the correct answer for each question.

•Check Ss' answers. Ss should justify their answers.

Answer Key

Listening

2[AimjTo listen for specific information

•Explain the task and ask Ss to read the sentences A-F.

•Play the recording. Ss listen and match the speakers to the sentences.

•Check Ss' answers.

Answer Key

Speaking

3 a) (Aim To give a talk

•Read the rubric aloud and explain the task to Ss.

•In pairs, Ss think of words/phrases related to the headings.

•Ss write the words and answers to the prompts from the rubric in their notebooks.

•Ss use their notes to present their talk to their partner.

•Monitor the activity around the class and then ask various Ss to present their talk to the class.

Suggested Answer Key

Types of crime: burglaries, vandalism, theft

Reasons: poverty, people too busy to care, young people bored

Ways to prevent crime: neighbourhood watch, get people involved, open youth centre, more police involvement

It used to be that the area where I live was very quiet and safe. Nowadays, there are more people and crime is on the rise.

We have more and more break-ins and burglaries every day. It's also a shame to see ugly graffiti everywhere. Some areas of the neighbourhood look very run down because of vandalism. Broken street lights, bus shelters and even swings in the local park are upsetting to see.

I think some of the thefts and burglaries are caused by poor people who need money to feed their families. People are so busy with their lives and work that they don't have time to care about what happens in the neighbourhood. Also, young people are very bored because there's not much to do in the area and so they blow of steam by committing vandalism.

I think we need to get people involved in the community again. A Neighbourhood Watch group is a great idea because people would get to know each other again and become more involved.

We could also use one of the old empty buildings to open up a youth centre. This would keep young people busy and give them a sense of purpose. The young people themselves could help renovate the building.

Finally, I think it would be a good idea if there was a stronger police presence in the neighbourhood. If people saw that the police were patrolling the area more often, it would make them feel safer to do more things in the area.

b)(Aim To listen for specific information

•Play the recording. Ss listen and say the ways the speaker suggests to prevent crime.

•Check Ss' answers.

SuggestedAnswer Key

The speaker suggests that they need to restore a sense of community spirit, set up a Neighbourhood Watch and reopen the youth club. The speaker also suggests that members of the Neighbourhood Watch work closely with the police to become a stronger presence on the street.

Grammar & Vocabulary

4(A im jTo practise grammar forms

•Explain the task and give Ss time to complete the gaps with the correct grammar form.

•Check Ss answers on the board.

Answer Key

5Aim ITO practise word formation

•Give Ss time to complete the gaps with words formed from the words in brackets.

•Check Ss' answers on the board.

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Writing

Aim To listen for specific information and write an essay making suggestions

•Read out the rubric and explain the task.

•Play the recording and ask Ss to make notes of the suggestions and possible results the speakers mention.

Suggested Answer Key

More police on the streets - people feel safe & criminals be put off

More streetlights - fewer dark places for muggers to hide More late night public transport - people travel safely

•Give Ss time to write their essay.

•Ask various Ss to read their essays to the class.

Suggested Answer Key

Ways to Make our City's Neighbourhoods Safer

Living in a city has its difficulties, but these days there is a lot of crime around. In my opinion, there are a number of things that can be done to make our city's neighbourhoods safer.

Firstly, there should be more police patrolling the streets 24 hours a day. This way people will feel safer if they know the police are nearby and criminals will be put off from committing crimes.

Furthermore, there should be more streetlights on the streets, in parks and at bus stops. Consequently, there would be fewer dark places where muggers can hide at night waiting for someone to mug.

Finally, the council could put on more late night buses and trains. This way, people can travel in safety at night. All in all, I strongly believe that these suggestions would improve the safety of our city. Then our city will be a safer place for everyone who lives here.

Russia

Reading & Listening

1 [A im jlo introduce the topic

Start a discussion in class and elicit information about St Petersburg.

Answer Key

St Petersburg is a beautiful city in northern Russia. It was founded by Tsar Peter the Great in 1703. It is Russia's second largest city and a major cultural centre, it has many theatres for music, ballet and opera. It also has many museums. St Petersburg is on the UNESCO World Heritage list as having around 4000 individual monuments of history and culture.

2 (Aim)To read for gist

•Ask Ss to read only the title and the first sentence of each paragraph in the text.

•Ask Ss what they think the text is about and write their ideas on the board.

•Play the recording and ask Ss to follow in their books.

•Refer back to the board and tick the correct suggestions.

Suggested Answer Key

I think the text is about a Graffiti Art Festival in St Petersburg.

Aim To read for specific information

•Ask Ss to read sentences 1-5.

•Give Ss time to read the text again and mark the sentences accordingly.

•Check Ss' answers.

Answer Key

1 NS

2F (graffiti with other arts such as photography, film and computer animation)

3T

4T

5T

•Refer Ss to the Check these words box and explain/elicit the meanings of the words or ask Ss to use their dictionaries and look them up.

Suggested Answer Key

innovative (adj): original, new and unusual aim (v): intend, plan on achieving sth promote (v): to encourage, to support appreciate (v): to recognise the value of sth range (n): a variety or assortment

masterpiece (n): an exceptional piece of art, music, writing, etc

group (n): a set of people having sth in common

in support o f (phr): do sth to help or encourage sth or sb

Speaking & Writing

4a) (Aim)To prepare for a speaking task

•Read the rubric and explain the task.

•Ask Ss to copy the table in their notebooks and give them time to fill in the answers.

•Draw the table on the board and elicit answers from Ss.

REVISION KEY

Revision 1

working with the public and am prepared to put a lot into my work.

Please find enclosed a copy of my CV. I am available for an interview at any time. I look forward to hearing from you.

Yours faithfully, Tom Green

Revision 2

travelling back from visiting my grandparents in Kent. It was raining heavily and starting to get dark.

We saw a car up ahead on the side of the road which had broken down. There was a big scarylooking man covered in tattoos with a shaved head standing next to the car. He was waving at passing cars to stop, but none of them did. I was surprised when my dad pulled over and offered him a lift.

He was completely wet but he asked only to be taken to the next town to get a taxi. My dad insisted on taking him into the city and also gave him a warm jacket to wear. The man was grateful and asked for our name and address to return the jacket.

A few days later, a parcel arrived at the house. It was Dad's jacket and a cheque for €5,000. The man had been on his way to the hospital where his wife was having a baby and thanks to us he had got there in time to see his son born. We felt happy and surprised. We'll never forget that day and we'll always try to help someone in need no matter what they look like.

Revision 3

6Suggested Answer Key

Dear Mr Smith,

I saw your advertisement for a weekend nature walk and I would like to ask you a few questions about it.

Firstly, when exactly is the nature walk? Secondly, I would like to know how long the walk will be.

Also, what exactly will the nature walk involve? Finally, do I need to bring anything with me on the nature walk, such as a packed lunch?

Thank you for your help. I look forward to hearing from you.

Regards,

Kim Price

Revision 4

2Both Lisa and Sarah are afraid of spiders.

3Either Jane or Katy called you.

4My favourite restaurant, which is on the high street, is closing down.

5The reason why Lyn isn't coming to the party is she is unwell.

5Suggested Answer Key

How can young people stay healthy while leading busy lives?

These days, young people lead such busy lives, that staying healthy is sometimes a difficult thing to do. So what can you do to improve your lifestyle?

Firstly, it's a good idea to get a good night's sleep. Try to get at least eight hours of sleep every night. When you sleep, your body has a chance to repair itself and recover from the stresses of daily life.

Another helpful suggestion would be to eat a well balanced diet. You should eat regular healthy meals to give your body energy to help you through the day. Try to avoid junk food.

Finally, don't forget to exercise! Fit exercise into your lifestyle by taking the stairs instead of the elevator, and walking instead of driving.

In conclusion, we all lead busy lives. However, it is easier than you think to stay healthy.

Revision 5

7Suggested Answer Key

Is it a good idea to become a vegetarian? Becoming a vegetarian may seem like a great idea. However, as with all diets, there are advantages and disadvantages.

There are without doubt a number of benefits to becoming a vegetarian. Firstly, you will become slimmer. This is because you will eat less fat by cutting out meat, butter and dairy products. Secondly, there are a number of health benefits. For example, eating less red meat will reduce the risk of a heart attack or cancer.

On the other hand, there are some disadvantages. To begin with, you may lack some vitamins and minerals. Some of these are only found in meat and dairy products. Also, your diet may be unbalanced. If you don't get enough protein you may become ill.

In conclusion, there are pros and cons to becoming a vegetarian. I believe becoming a vegetarian is a good idea as long as you maintain a balanced diet.

Revision 6

2The policeman ordered the driver to step out of his car.

3Beth asked me if/whether there was a Wi-Fi hotspot nearby.