1. Answer the questions.

• What is a research paper?

• Complete the ideas:

Students usually work on the……

Postgraduates work on……

• What is the task of any research work?

• The research paper can not be written accodig to a random formula, can it?

• What does the specific format of writing a research work govern?

• What are the key issues in onterpreting the facts?

• What are the components of a technical report?

• What information must be included in the introduction? Body? Conclusion?

• What are abstracts or summaries? In what way must they be written?

Oral Report

Warm-up

• What does the specific format of writing a research work?

• Do you have any experience of making reports in public? Speak about at least three things that were particularly difficult for you when making oral presentations.

• Remember any famous speakers / your lectures who appeal / don’t appeal to you. Analyse their presentation style. What can make a powerful public speech? What is important when making publick speech.

• Read the text and make a list of the suggestions given to make your oral presentation perfect:

More and more young people nowadays are involved in research and have to participate in the work of different scientific conferences. At some point in your scientific life you will be asked to make a presentation and you will be expected to deliver your presentation so that others can understand you. Giving an oral presentation strikes fear into the souls of many English as a Second Language students, but it needn’t. Following some simple suggestions should help you overcome much of your fear of giving an oral presentation.

First, be sure to prepare for the talk thoroughly.This means gathering your facts and organizing them logically. You can also prepare for your talk by thinking about the characteristics of the audience. Are they likely to agree with your conclusions or are they likely to be hostile? If you think that the audience might be hostile, it may be necessary to prepare answers to questions that might be raised during the presentation.

You will find that audiences generally love handouts. If at all possible, prepare handouts that illustrate some important concept in your presentation. You will find that handouts, like graphs, can make difficult points easier to understand.

The organization of the total presentation includes more than just the organization of the report. It also includes the physical preparation for the presentation: finishing the speech, designing the visual aids, checking out the room where you will speak (if possible), and rehearsing the presentation until it satisfies you.

In putting the finishing touchers on the speech, you need to remember the three elements for gaining and keeping the audience s attention: 1) tell the audience what you intend to say (the introduction); 2) support, explain and expand on the topic of the presentation (the body); 3) sum up your presentation (the conclusion).

It is necessary to capture the audience’s attention at the beginning of your talk. A powerful opening gives the presentation force and momentum which will help to ensure audience interest. Because the conclusion is the last thing the audience hears it‘s necessary to make it as forceful and convincing as possible.

Once you have delivered your talk, you must ask your audience for questions. Remain calm and don t think that others are attacking your presentation. If you are confident and at ease, you will see that people will respond to you pleasantly. If you become angry or defensine, you will lose your audience.

Useful vocabulary: to be involved in research, to participate, to make a presentation, to deliver a presentation, to give a presentation, to prepare for the test thoroughly, audience, handouts, visual aids, rehearse a presentation, to gain attention, to keep attention, to intend, to sum up, to capture the audience’s attention, a powerful opening, convincing.