Лексические упражнения

Упражнение 1. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. He is growing a beard. He has a pointed beard. 2. She has long curls (=locks) over her shoulders. 3. He has hollow cheeks. 4. She has plump cheeks. 5. He has a double-chin. 6. She has dimples in her cheeks when she smiles. 7. She has an ear for music. 8. What colour are his eyes? 9. He has bulging eyes. I O. He has close-set eyes. 11. He looks strange with his bushy eyebrows and thick eyelashes. 12. What kind (shape) of face has she? 13. 1 like her freckled round face. 14. He is a man of handsome features. 15. She has delicate features. 16. He has large though regular features. 17. His forehead is high (low). 18. 1 like her hairdo. 19. His haircut is good. 20. Have you seen that bold-headed man? 2I. She has full lips. 22. There is a mole on her cheek. 23. When did you begin to grow a moustache? 24. She has a turned-up nose and he has a snub nose. I like straight noses. 25. You have pure skin. 26. She has rough skin. 27. She wears her hair in plaits (plaited). 28. 1 like her white even teeth. 29. Are there any wrinkles on his face? 30. She is a beautiful long-legged girl.

Упражнение 2. Замените выделенные слова и словосочетания на данные в скобках.

What does he look like (your sister, Mr. Johns, your new teacher, her brother, his girlfriend)?

He (she) is a tall handsome boy. (a dark broad-shouldered fellow, a stout round-faced woman, a small freckled-faced boy, a pretty dark-eyed girl, an old gray-haired man).

He (she) has straight yellow hair (thick dark, long fair, brown wavy)

She wears her hair long (short, plaited, bobbed).

He (she) has small deep-jet eyes. (large blue, black wide-set, big bulging, green near-sighted).

His (her) nose is hooked (flat, turned-up, snub, too long).

She looks like her father (her mother, her grandmother, her uncle, her aunt).

She has a good complexion (dark, light, fresh, pale, yellowish, reddish).

I think he is about 190 centimeters tall (of middle height, short, not very tall).

Her face is round, her lips are thin (oval… full, heart-shaped… bright).

He has become stouter (got a bit thinner, put on weight, lost weight, remained as he was, not changed at all).

Упражнение 3. Найдите во второй колонке правильный ответ.

What is the tongue for?	To hear with
What is the nose for?	To catch with
What are the teeth for?	To smell with
What are the legs for?	To touch with
What are the hands for?	To chew with
What are the fingers for?	To walk with
What are the ears for?	To talk with

Упражнение 4.. Задайте вопрос и ответьте на него.

What can you do with your fingers (eyes, tongue, lips, mouth, nose, teeth, feet, hands, ears)?

I can …	touch	catch	sneeze	kiss	bite
	see	throw	jump	eat	taste
	lick	smell	run	cough	speak
	hear	breathe	kick	spit	chew
with my … .

Диалоги

I

"Have you heard that Ann is back from the rest home?"

"Of course. I ran against her in the street."

"Oh, did you? She must be a picture of health now."

"Yes, she's put on weight and looks much better than before."

II

"Do you want me to show you our family photograph album?"

"Of cause, I like it. Oh, what good-looking relatives you have. Who is this pleasant-looking, gray-haired, elderly gentleman?"

"That's my Uncle John."

"And who is that pretty girl with an oval face and a pleasant smile?"

"That's his younger daughter."

III

"How do you like Mary's hair-do?"

"Oh, I find her hair too short. She looks like a boy."

"But short hair is in fashion now."

"Well, fashionable doesn't always mean beautiful, you know."

IV

"Pete, someone came to see you when you were out."

"Somebody I know?"

"Certainly. Try and guess. Someone tall and slim with big blue eyes and fair hair."

"It was Jane, wasn't it?"

"No, it wasn't. Take another chance."

V

"Who's that girl standing near the time-table?"

"Which one? There are three there."

"The blonde one with a peaches and cream complexion."

"This is Bess, our new classmate."

VI

"Do you remember the boy we spoke to at the club on Saturday?'

"Do you mean the one with long black hair?"

"No, I mean the one with a short haircut and a round face."

"Oh yes, the one with big ears. Well, what about him?"

"Goodness gracious! You still don't know who I mean."

VII

"I heard Liz has been seriously ill."

"That's right. I just called on her yesterday."

"Poor thing! How does she look now?"

"She's got much too thin, pale and hollow-cheeked."

VIII

"I'm looking for Peter Smith. Is he here?"

"Yes, he's standing over there."

"But I can see a group of boys over there. Which of them is Peter?"

"Well, the red-haired one with a snub nose and freckled face. You won't mistake him."

IX

"Goodness gracious! How brown you are! I could hardly recognize you."

"Yes, 1 have been sunbathing at the seaside the whole summer."

"Oh, how fine. You look very healthy. And you've lost weight, too, I must say. Just a top model. What diet did you do?"

"No diet at all. Just much swimming, walking, dancing and playing tennis."

X

- Have you seen our computer programmer?

- Not yet. Why?

- She is a very pretty girl.

- Really?

- She is tall, slim and I'd say she has a very good figure. Her long hair is fair. Her eyes are blue. She has a snub nose and full lips.

- What's her name?

- Constance Smith. She is about 25 years old.

- Is she married?

- That's what I would like to find out.

- What kind of person is she?

- She has been working here for about two weeks. They say she is qualified for the job, has good manners, very reserved and efficient.

- Is Bob Madison her chief?

- Exactly. Do you know him?

- He is a friend of mine. We have been on friendly terms for about ten years.

- What do you think of him?

- Bob is a nice guy. He is honest and just, well read and kind.

- Sometimes he is a bit stubborn. Nevertheless he is pleasant to deal with.

- He is a handsome man, isn't he?

- Sure. He is of middle height, neither slim nor stout. His hair is dark. He wears a beard and a moustache. He has large dark eyes, a straight nose and thin lips.

- Is he married?

- He is divorced. He has a son by first marriage.

- Have you seen the boy?

- Of course. His name is Michael. He is nine years old. A very talented boy. He learns to play the piano and makes good progress.

- I see.

Текст А. My Aunt Tanya

Of all my relatives, I like my Aunt Tanya the best. She's mother’s youngest sister. She has never married and lives alone in a small village near S-Petersburg. She's in her late fifties, but she's quite young in spirit. She has a fair complexion, thick brown hair that she wears in a bun, and dark brown eyes. She has a kind face and when you meet her, the first thing you notice is her smile. Her face is a little wrinkled now, but I think she is still rather attractive. She is the sort of person you can always go to if you have a problem.

She likes reading and gardening, and she still goes for long walks in the forest to pick berries and mushrooms. She's a very active person. Either she's making something, or mending something, or doing something to entertain herself. She's extremely generous, but not very tolerant with people who don't agree with her, I hope I'm as contented as she when I'm her age.

Упражнение 1. Прочтите и переведите текст.

Упражнение 2. Найдите в тексте предложения, описывающие

1. Aunt Tanya’s face and body

2. her character

3. her likes and dislikes

4. her habits

Упражнение 3. Расскажите о вашем родственнике, друге, руководствуясь планом:

Physical facts and descriptions

Character, likes and dislikes, habits

Your opinions.

Текст В. A GAME

Yesterday during our English lesson we played an interesting game. The teacher said that one of us had to think of any person present in the class and the other students by asking questions about this person's appearance had to guess who it was. A girl, named Alice was to begin the game. So she thought of Ann, a tall, well-built, slim, black-haired girl with hazel eyes, a turned-up nose and an oval-shaped face. And then she was showered with questions like these: "Is it she or is it he?" "How is she built?" "Is she tall or short?" "What colour is her hair?" "What colour are her eyes?" "Is her hair short or long?" "Does she wear jewelry?" "Does she use make-up?"

After these questions everybody began looking at Ann. At last came the question: "Is it Ann?" and the group burst out laughing, because they had guessed her long before and only put up a show they could not. Anyhow we liked this game very much.

Упражнение 1. Прочитайте и переведите текст.

Упражнение 2. Попробуйте провести подобную игру в своей группе.

Упражнение 3. Обсудите в группе следующие ситуации при помощи данных ниже слов и словосочетаний:

1 .You describes your friend’s appearance.

2. You describe to your neighbour the appearance of a person who has called in his absence.

3. Asked to meet a person whom you do not know, you inquire of the peculiarities of his appearance.

4. As a witness of a road accident, you are questioned about the appearance of the person who was at the wheel.

5. You discuss with your friends the appearance of your favourite film stars.

6. You ask the friend who was the person you saw him with at a party and describe the person’s appearance.

7. You discuss with your friend your ideas of man's (woman’s) beauty.

MAN'S APPEARENCE

FIGURE, BUILD tall, short, of medium - height, stooping (сутулый), straight, with broad (square, bent) shoulders); bony, shapeless, well-made, stocky (коренастый)

LEGS long, short, straight, crooked HANDS large, small

COMPLEXION healthy, unhealthy, sallow (болезненный) FACE lengthened, round, oval, moustache, beard, temples are short (long, trimmed short) EYEBROWS long, bushy, straight, curved

HAIR (IS) bald-headed, long, curly, crisp, straight, thin, thick, wavy, fair, dark, red, blonde

EYES round, big, small, narrow, blue, grey

CLOTHING sport, elegant, neat (опрятный)

WOMAN'S APPEARANCE

FIGURE tall, short, of medium - height, straight, stooping, shapely, plump, slim,

slender, beautiful, pretty, stout, fat, charming, attractive

NECK long, short

SHOULDERS straight, bent, square

LEGS long, short, shapely, slender

FINGERS long, short, tapering (тонкие и длинные), shapely

FEET small, large

FACE lengthened, round, oval

COMPLEXION fresh, rosy, nice

HAIR (IS) long, short, cut, done, curly, wavy, crisp, straight

EYES large, small, narrow, wide, shining, bright, expressive

EYEBROWS thin, thick, curved

EYELASHES long, thick, dark, black, short

CHEECKS rosy, plump, hollow

TEETH even, white

LIPS plump, thin, thick

CHIN pointed, protruded (выдающийся вперёд)

JEWELRY necklace, earrings, rings, bracelets, chains

MAKE-UP eye shadows, lipstick, nail polish, eyebrows-penciled, plucked (выщипанные), rouge [rHZ] (румяна), mascara

Текст С. Mirror, mirror…

Прочитайте текст и ответьте на вопрос: "Какие преимущества имеют в нашем обществе люди с привлекательной внешностью?"

Motives: why we look in the mirror

We are all more obsessed with our appearance than we like to admit. Concern about appearance is quite normal and understandable. Attractive people have distinct advantages in our society. Studies show:

• Attractive children are more popular, both with classmates and teachers. Teachers give higher evaluations to the work of attractive children and have higher expectations of them.

• Attractive applicants have a better chance of getting jobs, and of receiving higher salaries. (one US study found that taller men earned around $600 per inch more than shorter executives.)

• In court, attractive people are found guilty less often. When found guilty, they receive less severe sentences.

• The 'bias for beauty' operates in almost all social situations - all experiments show we react more favourably to physically attractive people.

• We also believe in the 'what is beautiful is good' stereotype - an irrational but deep-seated belief that physically attractive people possess other desirable characteristics such as intelligence, competence, social skills, confidence - even moral virtue. (The good fairy/princess is always beautiful; the wicked stepmother is always ugly)

It is not surprising that physical attractiveness is of overwhelming importance to us.

Слова к тексту:

to be obsessed [qb'sest] быть озабоченным

guilty ['gilti]виновный

to admit[qd'mit]признавать

severe[si'viq]суровый

concern[kqn'sWn] забота

sentence['sentqns]приговор

distinct [dis'tiNkt]явный

bias['baiqs] пристрастие

advantages[qd'vRntiG]преимущество

favourably ['feivqrqbli]благосклонно

to give evaluations to оценивать

possess [pq'zqs] владеть

applicant ['xplikqnt]кандидат

confidence ['konfidqns]уверенность

executive[ig'zekjutiv]руководитель

wicked['wikid]злой

inch [inC] дюйм

virtue ['vWtjH] добродетель

court[kLt] суд

overwhelming огромный

Текст D. Beauty standards

Every period of history has had its own standards of what is and is not beautiful, and every society has its own concept of the ideal physical attributes. In the 19th Century being beautiful meant wearing a corset - causing breathing and digestive problems. Now we try to diet and exercise ourselves into the fashionable shape - often with even more serious consequences.

Advances in technology and in particular the rise of the mass media has caused normal concerns about how we look to become obsessions.

How? There are 3 reasons:

• Thanks to the media, we have become accustomed to extremely rigid and uniform standards of beauty.

• TV, billboards, magazines etc. mean that we see 'beautiful people' all the time, more often than members of our own family, making exceptional good looks seem real, normal and attainable.

• Standards of beauty have in fact become harder and harder to attain, particularly for women. The current media ideal of thinness for women is achievable by less than 5% of the female population.

As researches show women are much more critical of their appearance than men. Up to 8 out of 10 women will be dissatisfied with their reflection.

Men looking in the mirror are either pleased with what they see or indifferent. Some men looking in the mirror may not see the flaws in their appearance.

Why are women so much more self-critical than men are? Because women are judged on their appearance more than men, and standards of female beauty are considerably higher. Also, most women are trying to achieve the impossible: standards of female beauty have in fact become progressively more unrealistic during the 20th century. In 1917, the physically perfect woman was about 5 feet 4 inches tall and weighed nearly 10 stone. Even 25 years ago, top models and beauty queens weighed only 8% less than the average woman, now they weigh 23% less. The current media ideal for women is achievable by less than 5% of the female population - and that's just in terms of weight and size. If you want the ideal shape, face etc., it's not more than 1%.

МЕРЫ ДЛИНЫ	МЕРА ВЕСА
foot (pl. feet) - фут (1 фут = ~ 30,5 см)	stone - стоун (1стоун = 6,35 кг)
inch - дюйм (1 дюйм = ~2,5 см)

Слова к тексту:

ideal [ai'diql]идеальный

attainable [q'teinbl] достижимый

attribute ['xtribjHt] свойство

achievable [q'CJvbl] достижимый

digestive [di'Gestiv] пищеварительный

dissatisfied [,dis'sxtisfaid]неудовлетворённый

consequence ['kOnsikwens] последствие

indifferent [in'difqrqnt] равнодушный

media ['midjq] средства массовой инф-ции

flaw [flL] недостаток

obsession [qb'seSn] мания

judge [GAG] судить

become accustomed [q'kAstqmd] привыкать

weigh [wei] весить

rigid ['riGid] жёсткий

average ['xvqriG] средний

billboard афиша

current ['kArqnt] текущий

exceptional [ik'sepSnql] исключительный

in terms of с точки зрения

Упражнение 1. Найдите в тексте, выпишите и переведите:

а) прилагательные с суффиксом - able;

b) прилагательные с суффиксом - al;

c) наречия с суффиксом - ly;

d) прилагательные и наречия в сравнительной степени.

Упражнение 2. Найдите в тексте и выпишите эквиваленты следующих словосочетаний:

свои собственные стандарты; идеальные физические характеристики; вызывали проблемы дыхания и пищеварения; серьёзные последствия; технический прогресс; крайне жёсткие и унифицированные стандарты красоты; более критичны к своей внешности; не удовлетворены своим отражением; недостатки своей внешности; достичь невозможного; королевы красоты; средняя женщина; с точки зрения веса и размера.

Упражнение 3. Поставьте номера правильных утверждений в колонку № 1 (right), а неправильные в колонку № 2 (wrong)

№ 1 - right	№ 2 - wrong

Every period of history has the same standards of beauty.

In the 19th Century being beautiful meant wearing a corset.

Nowadays women have to wear corsets too.

Standards of beauty have become extremely rigid and uniform thanks to the media.

Modern standards of beauty are very easy to attain, particularly for women.

The current media ideal of thinness for women is achievable by all the female population.

Men are much more critical of their appearance than women.

Up to 8 out of 10 women are satisfied with their reflection.

Men looking in the mirror are pleased with their appearance or indifferent to it.

Women are judged on their appearance more than men are.

Proverbs and sayings

Прочитайте и переведите на русский язык изречения известных людей. Найдите русские эквиваленты пословицам.

Age

Age… is a matter of feeling, not of years.

George Curtis

Every man desires to live long, but no man would be old.

Swift

A man is as old as he feels, and a woman as old as she lo

Appearance

Appearances are deceptive.

The face is the index of the mind

Beauty

Nothing is beautiful from every point of view.

Horace

Beauty is power; a smile is its sword.

Carles Reade

When a girl ceases to blush, she has lost the most powerful charm of her beauty.

Gregory I

Beauty is but skin deep.

Beauty is in the eye of the gazer.