Vocabulary

shift	— смена
suicide	— самоубийство, суицид
restlessness	— беспокойство
overly	— чрезмерно
irritability	— раздражительность
racing thoughts	— «бегающие мысли»
denial	— отрицание
elevated mood	—приподнятое настроение
sad	— грустный
anxious	— тревожный
worthlessness	— никчемность
decreased energy	— пониженная энергия
fatigue	— усталость
bodily symptoms	— соматические симптомы
alternating periods	— сменяющиеся периоды
cure	— лекарство, излечение
to worsen	— ухудшаться
Questions to the text.

1. What is bipolar disorder?

2. What can the symptoms of bipolar disorder result in?

3. How many people in the USA have bipolar disorder?

4. What do the symptoms of the bipolar disorder include?

5. What are some symptoms of mania?

6. When is a manic episode diagnosed?

7. What are some symptoms of depression?

8. When is a depressive episode diagnosed?

9. How long do people experience bipolar disorder?

10. What can help to keep the bipolar disorder under control?

11. What medications are prescribed for bipolar disorder?

TEXT B. Bipolar disorder

JOKES

Hello, Welcome to the Psychiatric Hotline:

If you are obsessive-compulsive, please press 1 several times.

If you have multiple personalities, please, press 3, 4, 5 and 6.

If you are paranoid-delusional, we know who you are and what you

want. Just stay on the line so we can trace the call.

If you are schizophrenic, listen carefully and a little voice will tell you

which number to press.

If you have a nervous disorder, please fidget with the # key until a representative comes on the line.

If you are depressed, it doesn't matter which number you press. No one will answer.

Sanity Test

A noted psychiatrist was a guest at a party. His hostess naturally talked on the subject of psychiatry.

"Would you mind telling me, Doctor", she asked, "how you detect whether or not an individual is mentally challenged who appears to be completely normal?"

"Nothing is easier," he replied. "You ask them a simple question which everyone should answer with no trouble. If they hesitate, that helps you." "What sort of question?"

"Well, you might ask them, "Captain Cook made three trips around the

world and died during one of them. Which one?"

The woman thought a moment, then said with a nervous laugh, "Do you have another example, would you? I am sorry, I don't know much about history."

Crazy or Insightful?

Once I had multiple personalities, but now we are feeling well.

I don't suffer from insanity, I enjoy it every minute.

I used to be indecisive. Now I'm not sure.

The best thing about being schizophrenic is that I'm never alone.

I've always been a hypochondriac. As a little boy, I'd eat M&M's one by one with a glass of water.

INTERESTING FACTS

In any given 1-year period, 9.5 percent of the population, or about 18.8 million American adults, suffer from a depressive illness.

Unit 8. STRESS

Text A Stress at work Text В Stress management

Text A

STRESS AT WORK

Job stress can be defined as the harmful physical and emotional re­sponses that occur when the requirements of the job do not match the capabilities, resources, or needs of the worker. Job stress can lead to poor health and even injury.

The concept of job stress is often confused with challenge, but these concepts are not the same. Challenge energizes us psychologically and physically, and it motivates us to learn new skills and master our jobs. When a challenge is met, we feel relaxed and satisfied. Thus, challenge is an important ingredient for healthy and productive work.

Nearly everyone agrees that job stress results from the interaction of the worker and the conditions of work. Views differ, however, on the im­portance of worker characteristics versus working conditions as the pri­mary cause of job stress. These differing viewpoints are important be­cause they suggest different ways to prevent stress at work. Although the importance of individual differences cannot be ignored, scientific data suggests that certain working conditions are stressful to most people.

Stress sets off an alarm in the brain, which responds by preparing the body for defensive action. The nervous system is aroused and hormones are released to sharpen the senses, quicken the pulse, deepen respira­tion, and tense the muscles. This response is important because it helps us defend against threatening situations. The response is prepro­grammed biologically. Everyone responds in much the same way, re­gardless of whether the stressful situation is at work or home.

Short-lived or infrequent episodes of stress bear little risk. But when stressful situations go unresolved, the body is kept in a constant state of activation, which increases the rate of wear and tear to biological sys­tems. The ability of the body to repair and defend itself becomes low. As a result, the risk of injury or disease escalates.

In the past 20 years, many studies have looked at the relationship be­tween job stress and a variety of ailments. Mood and sleep problems, up-

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TEXT A. Stress at work

set stomach and headache, and poor relationships with family and friends are examples of stress-related problems that are quick to develop and are commonly seen in these studies. These early signs of job stress are usually easy to recognize. The evidence is rapidly accumulating to suggest that stress plays an important role in several types of chronic health problems — especially cardiovascular disease, musculoskeletal disorders, and psychological disorders.

Stress is an unavoidable consequence of life. As Hans Selye noted, "Without stress, there would be no life". Stress is not always necessarily harmful. Winning a race or election can be just stressful as losing, but may trigger very different biological responses. Increased stress results in increased productivity — up to a point. We all need to find the proper level of stress that allows us to perform optimally as we go through life.

Source:http://x0ww.cdc.gov/niosh/stresswk.htrnl, http://wvow.stress.org