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Uses

Examples

1. Before plural nouns:

My friends are students.

2. Before abstract nouns except when they are used in a particular sense:

Men fear death. but: The death of the Prime Minister left his party without a leader.

3. After a noun in the possessive case, or a possessive adjective:

the boy's uncle = the uncle of the boy It is my (blue) book = The (blue) book is mine.

4. Before names of meals:

The Scots have porridge for breakfast but: The wedding breakfast was held in her father's house.

5. Before names of games:

He plays golf.

6. Before parts of the body and articles of clothing, as these normally prefer a possessive adjective:

Raise your right hand. He took off his coat.

7. When home is used alone, i.e. is not preceded or followed by a descriptive word or phrase:

He is at home. He went home. I arrived home after dark. I sent him home.

8. Before the nouns: bed, church, court, hospital, prison, school/college/university, when these places are visited or used for their primary purpose.

We can be/get back from school/college/university.

We can leave school, leave hospital, be released from prison.

But: When these places are visited or used for other reasons the is necessary:

We go: to bed to sleep; to church to pray; to court as litigants; to hospital as patients; to prison as prisoners; to school/college/university to study; similarly we can be: in bed, sleeping or resting; at church as worshippers; in hospital as patients; at school as students.

Sometimes he goes to the prison to give lectures.

9. work = place of work.

He is at work. He's on his way to work.

10. We go to sea as sailors. To be at sea = to be on a voyage (as passengers or crew). But to go to or be at the sea = to go to or be at the seaside. We can also live by/near the sea.

The Nominative Case

The Objective Case

I — я

he — він

she — вона

it — воно (він, вона)

we — ми

you — ви, ти

they — вони

me — мене, мені

him — його, йому

her — її, їй

it — його, йому, її, їй

us — нас, нам

you — вас, вам, тебе, тобі

them — їх, їм

Conjoint Form

Absolute Form

my — мій, моя, моє, мої

his — його (чоловічий рід)

her — її

its — його(середній рід), її

our — наш, наша, наше, наші

your — ваш, ваша, ваше, ваші

твій, твоя, твоє, твої

their — їхній, їхня, їхнє, їхні

mine — мій, моя, моє, мої

his — його (чоловічий рід)

hers — її

—

ours — наш, наша, наше, наші

yours — ваш, ваша, ваше, ваші

твій, твоя, твоє, твої

theirs — їхній, їхня, їхнє, їхні