Interpretation of the wisdom of Democritus rightly points out (указывает) that philosophy can not be reduced to knowledge. Although in-depth knowledge is necessary for a wise.

For, as pointed out by another ancient Greek philosopher – Heraclitus, “knowledge of much doesn’t teach to be wise”

Descartes saw the real beginning of philosophy in doubt.

Philosophical knowledge is knowledge of a hole

(целое), integrity of the hole. “The world as a whole” – that could be defined as the subject of philosophy.

The hole combines, integrates parts, provides them into unity. It is clear that only something in common and significant

can ensure (обеспечивать)

unity of the objects.

However, it should not be taken so that philosophy does not show any interest in the parts. Of course, a hole doesn’t exist without parts.

But the parts are taken here in that connection that leads to a whole, include them in the general chain (цепь) of the global process, in the fundamental unity of the world.

It is also important to have in view that philosophy is internally dissected (внутренне

расчлененное) formation

consisting of independent philosophic studies:

•Ontology – study of being

•Gnoseology – theory of cognition

•Epistemology - study of knowledge

•Philosophical anthropology

– study of man

•Social philosophy – philosophy of society

•Aesthetics – study of the beauty

•Logic – study of thinking

•Futurology – study of the future

•Axiology – study of values

•Ethics – study of morality