- •Why study economics
- •What are the ways economic knowledge help us in succeeding in our material welfare?
- •Scarcity and choice: the economic problem
- •What do people realize going through their lives?
- •What are economic goods and free goods?
- •Why do all economic units have to make their choices?
- •What does individual choice depend on?
- •What are governments and businesses limited by?
- •What is scarcity?
- •Why does scarcity force all decision makers to arrive at best decisions?
- •How do economists explain the essential sense of scarcity?
- •What is the opportunity cost?
- •What are foregone earnings (заробітки, від яких відмовляються)?
- •Why should people compare benefits before making their decisions?
- •Why does the cost of doing something have nothing to do with spending money in most cases?
- •What are the two sides of opportunity cost?
- •What problem does everyone in any society face?
- •Economics. Microeconomics vs. Macroeconomics
- •What is economics?
- •What economic issues does microeconomics do with?
- •What is macroeconomics?
- •What economic issues does macroeconomics look at?
- •What is the difference between positive economic statement and normative one?
- •What is positive economics concerned with?
- •What does normative economics deal with?
- •Factors of production
- •Economic systems
- •What are the three basic economic questions that every society must answers?
- •What is a command economy?
- •Who provides answers to the fundamental economic questions in a command economy? Why?
- •What is a market economy?
- •Who owns the means of production in a society with a market economy?
- •What are the essential elements of a market economy?
- •What is demand?
- •What factors alter consumer demand?
- •What does supply mean?
- •What does the law of supply state?
- •What is a supply schedule?
- •What is a supply curve?
- •What is the price elasticity of supply?
- •When supply is elastic?
- •What supply is called inelastic?
- •Market price
- •What is a price?
- •What is a price system?
- •What is a price for any commodity determined by in a free market?
- •What functions do prices perform?
- •Why do prices act as signals to buyers and sellers?
- •What is the producers’ main incentive?
- •Why does the price system determine each person’s income?
- •What is an equilibrium price?
- •What is excess supply?
- •What is a shortage and when does it develop?
- •What does a decrease in demand lead to?
- •What does an increase in supply result in?
- •Markets and market structures
- •What is oligopoly?
- •What are the key characteristics of oligopoly?
- •What is monopoly? Why does monopoly exist?
- •What is imperfect competition?
- •How does imperfect competition differ from perfect competition and monopoly?
What does supply mean?
supply relates to the quantity of goods or services that a producer or a supplier is willing to bring into the market at a particular price in a given time period, all other things being equal.
What does the law of supply state?
The law of supply states that the quantity of a commodity supplied varies directly with its price, all other factors that may determine supply remaining the same. The law of supply expresses the relationship between prices and the quantity of goods and services that sellers would offer for sale at each and every price. In other words, the higher the price of a product, the higher the quantity supplied.
What is a supply schedule?
The relationship between price of a product and its quantity supplied is represented in a table called a supply schedule.
What is a supply curve?
The supply curve is a graphic representation of the market supply schedule and the law of supply. The supply curve shows a direct relationship between the quantities of products that firms are willing to produce and sell at various prices, all non-price factors being constant. Sloping upward from left to right the supply curve reflects that producers supply more at a higher price and less at a lower price.
Why do producers supply more goods at a higher price than at a lower price?
Sellers want to charge as much as they can. They will be willing to make more and sell more as the price goes up. In this way they can maximize profits. The law of supply states that the higher the price of a product, the higher the quantity supplied.
When and why do suppliers increase their production and rise prices?
Sellers want to charge as much as they can. They will be willing to make more and sell more as the price goes up. In this way they can maximize profits. As the price of a commodity increases relative to price of all other goods, business enterprises switch resources and production from other goods to production of this commodity, increasing the quantity supplied.
What role do prices play for producers?
Sellers, on the other hand, want to charge as much as they can. They will be willing to make more and sell more as the price goes up. In this way they can maximize profits.
What is a change in supply caused by?
A change in supply is caused by a change in the non-price determinants of supply.
What are the key non-price determinants of supply?
there are things other than price which affect the amounts of goods and services suppliers are able to bring into the market. These things are called the non-price determinants of supply. Changes in the cost of production. Changes in technology. Changes in the price of resources needed to produce goods and services. Changes in the expectations of future prices. Changes in the profit opportunities.Changes in the number of suppliers in the market.
