• Classical university

• profite university on academy

• Intitube

• higher college

classical and profile universities as well as institutes are classified as higher educational establishments of university type and provide a two level system of higher education will academic degrees of Bachelor and Master. H’s not that entrance competitions Belarusian higher education establishments have 3 forms of learning: full-time, evening and by correspondence. Higher education in Belarus doesn’t only lectures, seminars, exams. Students participate in international scientific conferenses and competitions, student exchange programs. After graduation the budget students are provided with the first workplaces.

At thind, successfull applicants at USA colleges of higher education are usually chosen on the basis of: higher school records, recommendations from school teachers. The Impression during ihterview, scones on SAT.

The system includes 4 categories of institutions:

• community college (2 year)

• the technical training institutions (6 monts – 3-4 years)

• the u year college (not part of university)

• university, which may contain Bachelor’s degree and Study after college.

Any of these institutions may be either public or private. The public institutions are financed the state. The students, which doesn’t need to pay get grand on stipend. American system of Higher education gives student much choice which be may realize according to his will.

The higher tuition fees make difficult for poor Americans to send children to university.

Text 1. Historical background

Until the invention of printing, the public had to be satisfied with whatever information it was given by official sources, or it had to make do with hearsay and rumor. The early evidence of an official means of spreading news dates from 59 BC in Rome, where a daily gazette called Acta Diurna (Daily Events) was published. Attributed to Julius Caesar, it contained coverage of social and political events: elections, public appointments, government edicts, treaties, trials and executions, military news, births, marriages, and deaths. The Acta Diurna was written in manuscript and displayed in prominent places in Rome. A similar approach to publishing news was undertaken in China from the 6th to the 20th century.

During the Middle Ages manuscript newsletters containing political and commercial information were circulated among the few people who could read. There were also occasional newsbooks, or pamphlets, detailing an unusual event such as a battle. Between 1590 and 1610 about 450 newsbooks were published in England alone.

In the 16th century an official newspaper was issued in Venice, with accounts of battles and other matters of public interest. This paper was circulated throughout Europe, and originally was called "gazetta" or "gazette", a name, which is still used. These little sheets, issued occasionally, had little in common with the great newspapers of today, with their great number of news items.

The first true newspapers were derived from commercial bulletins early in the 17th century. These bulletins circulated among the merchants of port cities such as Antwerp and Venice, and they carried news brought back by ship captains and crews from distant places. These early papers were called corantos, or "currents of news." They appeared first in Holland and shortly after in England and France. Other countries also soon had their rudimentary newspapers: Switzerland in 1610, Austria in 1620, Denmark in 1634, Sweden in 1645, and Poland in 1661. These were irregular publications, coming out when the news warranted it.

"Were it left to me to decide, whether we should have a government without newspapers, or newspapers without a government, I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter." So wrote Thomas Jefferson to a friend in January 1787. Jefferson, author of the Declaration of Independence and lifelong advocate of human liberty, well understood the difference between the two basic kinds of news -- managed and freely gathered. Governments and other institutions publish what they want people to know. The circulation of freely gathered news, on the other hand, allows the public to obtain the information needed to govern themselves and their affairs intelligently.