3. Reading

Do ex. 3, p. 123.

Key: 1 outstanding; 2 created; 3 painted; 4 observation; 5 portraitist; 6 representatives; 7 well-known; 8 masters; 9 impressionists; 10 country­side; 11 contain; 12 landscape; 13 sitter; 14 painting.

4. Speaking

Do ex. 4, p. 124.

FACT CARDS

Sir Joshua Reynolds

was born in Devonshire in 1723. a portrait painter

the most prominent figure in the English school of painting one of the founders and first President of the Royal Academy promoted the «Grand Style* in painting which depended on idealization of the imperfect

died in 1792 and buried, St. Paul's Cathedral, London, England

Sir Thomas Lawrence

was born in Bristol in 1769 English painter

in 1794 he was a Royal Academician, and he became the fashionable portrait painter of the age

had all the qualities of personal manner and among English portrait painters he takes a high place

president of the Academy from 1820 to his death died in 1830 in London

Thomas Gainsborough

was born in Suffolk in 1727.

one of the great masters of 18th-century portraiture and landscape paint­ing.

painted fancy pictures of scenes of the rural poor

in 1768 Gainsborough became one of the founders of the Royal Academy after 1784 Gainsborough refused to exhibit at the Royal Academy, and in­stead, created his own showings at his London house in Pall Mall, produced about 200 landscapes and about 800 portraits of the English aristocracy.

died in 1788 and buried, St. Anne Churchyard, Kew, London, England

John Constable

an English landscape painter was born in Suffolk in 1776

in 1799 was send to the Royal Academy in London to study art.

loved the countryside, and his best work was of outdoor scenes in his native

Suffolk and his London home in Hampstead

found the success in France where his 1821 master work The Haywain was exhibited at the Paris Salon of 1824.

died in 1837 and buried, St. John-at-Hampstead Churchyard, London, Eng­land

5. Listening

Listen to a piece of information and answer the questions.

1. What English painters is this article about?

2. What trend were they representatives?

3. When did they live?

4. Who travelled a lot?

5. Who never left his native country?

6. What was the difference in their techniques?

The landscape painters Turner and Constable were influential expo nents of romanticism, an artistic movement of the late 1700s to mid-1800i that emphasized an emotional response to nature. Turner, who traveled ex tensively, often infused his dramatic seascapes and landscapes with lite rary or historical allusions. Constable, who never left England, preferre< more straight forward depictions of placid rural scenery.

Working in the studio from sketches and his imagination, Turne blended his oil paints in fluid layers of translucent color, called glazes. Cor stable, sometimes painting directly outdoors, applied flickering touches c thick, opaque oils. Despite their differences in temperament and technique Turner and Constable evoke the same worship of nature that imbues tli literature of their contemporaries, the romantic poets Wordsworth, C( leridge, Byron, Shelley, and Keats.