4. Listen to the text once again and answer the following questions.
1. Materials play a central role in all manufacturing industries, and in much research and development in the physical and engineering sciences, don’t they?
2. What are minerals and oils taken from?
3. What are the main processes of convertation raw materials into useful industrial materials?
4. Can the materials cycle affect the environment?
5. Why is it necessary for the specialist in Materials Science and engineering to consider the effect of technological changes on the complete system of the total materials cycle?
V. Communicative skills
Topics for discussion:
1. The elements which are the building blocks for all materials.
a) Read and translate the following English words. Pay attention to their pronunciation.
аcid [ʹæsid] n кислота
argon [ʹa:gƆn] n аргон helium [ʹhi:ljәm] n гелій
cement [siment] n цемент
ceramic [siʹræmik] adj керамічний
chlorine [ʹklƆ:ri:n] n хлор
dioxide [daiʹƆksaid] n двоокис
fuel [ʹfjuəl] n паливо
resin [ʹreizin] n смола
b) Analyze the table “Our Universe”.
Our Universe
Matter
Our Elements
O
rganic
Substances Inorganic
Substances
Liquids Gases Liquids Gases
Fuels Carbon dioxide Acids Chlorine
Chemicals Carbon monoxide Water Argon
O
ils
Bases Helium
Paints Drugs
Foods
Solids Solids
Living organisms Metals
Polymers Ceramics
Natural resins Composites
Soils Glasses
Foods Clays
Cements
Stone
c) Answer the following questions.
What matter does Our Universe consist of?
What do we mean speaking about Organic Substances?
What do “Organic Liquid Substances” include?
What do “Organic Solid Substances” include?
What do “Organic Gas Substances” include?
What do we mean speaking about Inorganic Substances?
What do “Inorganic Liquid Substances” include?
What do “Inorganic Solid Substances” include?
What do “Inorganic Gas Substances” include?
d) Discuss the elements being the building blocks for all materials.
2. What mechanical properties of materials do you know and how are they taken into account in making products? Use the text for rendering “Mechanical Properties of Materials” and other additional materials.