The Purpose of the State Punishment

What is the purpose of the punishment? One purpose is obvious to 1) ________ the offender, to correct the offender’s attitude and anti-social behaviour and to 2) _________ him or her, which means to assist the offender to return to normal life as a useful member of the community.

Punishment can also be seen as a 3) _________ because it warns other people of what will happen if they are tempted to 4) _________ and prevents them from doing so. However, the third purpose of punishment lies, perhaps, in society’s desire for 5) ___________ , which basically means revenge. In other words, don’t we feel that a 6) __________ should suffer for his 7) ___________ ?

The form of punishment should also be considered. On the one hand, some believe that we should ‘make the punishment fit the crime.’ Those who steal from others should be deprived of their own property to ensure that criminals are left in no doubt that 8) _____________. For those who attack others 9) __________ should be used. Murderers should subject to the principle “an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth” and automatically receive 10) __________ .

On the other hand, it is said that such views are unreasonable, cruel and 11) _________ and that we should show a more 12) __________ attitude to punishment and try to understand why a person commits a crime and how society has failed to enable him to live a respectable, 13) __________ life.

Task 1.19. Word Formation: Verbs

The words listed in the table below are nouns. What are the verb forms of these nouns? The first one is given as an example:

1	application to apply	13	correction
2	justification	14	incarceration
3	decision	15	imprisonment
4	supervision	16	punishment
5	execution	17	improvement
6	contribution	18	treatment
7	termination	19	confinement
8	violation	20	argument
9	rehabilitation	21	enforcement
10	incapacitation	22	embezzlement
11	prohibition	23	commitment
12	protection	24	deterrence

Task 1.20. Transform according to the following models and translate:

	Model 1:(-tion/-sion) to reduce crime rate – reduction of crime rate	Model 2: (-ment) to punish drug addicts – punishment of drug addicts
1	to correct offenders –	to treat offenders –
2	to investigate crimes –	to commit a crime –
3	to detect fraud –	to confine at home –
4	to execute the sentence –	to readjust a criminal defendant –
5	to deprive the liberty –	to involve a victim –
6	to prevent crime –	to enforce correctional program –
7	to violate the law –	to banish the traitor –
8	to protect society –	to improve efficiencies –
9	to supervise inmates –	to imprison for long-term –
10	to classify prisoners –	to argue for capital punishment –

Task 1.44 С. Work in pairs.

Exchange the information you have learnt and discuss any points of particular interest in class.

You may use the following expressions:

Introduction	The headline (title) of the text/ article is ______. The text is about______. The text is devoted to______. The text deals with____. The text touches upon the problem of _____. The object of the text is to (present/ give/ describe/ show/ _____.
Main body	At the beginning of the text it is pointed out that______. At the beginning of the text the author (presents/ comments (on)/ shows/ says_____. Much attention is given to _______. The next part of the text is devoted to ______. Then follows the information on _______. The author points out / explains _______. It must be emphasizes that______. It’s necessary to note _______. It’s interesting to mark/ point out _______. The final paragraph states /ends _______.
Conclusion	The author comes to the conclusion / resumes/ asserts that ________. The text presents definite (some, no, great) interest to ______. In short _____. To sum up______. In conclusion_____. In my opinion/ to my mind/ it seems to me/____. I think this text is interesting/ of importance/ no importance/ useful/ useless­­­­_____.

Text 2. Read and translate the text: