Past Simple / Прошедшее простое время
Positive form with irregular verbs I/you/he/she/it/we/they + глагол во II форме + …
J. K. Rowling wrote the Harry Potter books
Positive form with regular verbs I/you/he/she/it/we/they + глагол в I форме + -ed + …
My parents worked on the farm – We studied interesting subjects – I worked for a big company
Negative form I/you/he/she/it/we/they + did not + глагол в I форме + …
They didn’t get up late today - I didn’t work for a big company
Question Did + I/you/he/she/it/we/they + глагол в I форме + …
Positive answer Yes + I/you/he/she/it/we/they + did
Negative answer No + I/you/he/she/it/we/they + did not
Did you work for a big company? – Yes I did – No I didn’t
Question with Wh-question Wh-questions +did + подлежащее + глагол в I форме + …
What did you do last month?
To Be: Was / Were
Positive form singular I/he/she/it + was + …
Negative form singular I/he/she/it + was + not + …
Question Was + I/he/she/it + …
Positive answer Yes + I/he/she/it + was
Negative answer No + I/he/she/it + was + not
Question with Wh-question Wh-questions + was + подлежащее + …
He was a teacher – He was not a teacher – Was he a teacher? – Yes he was – No he was not – Who was that woman?
Positive form plural You/we/they + were + …
Negative form plural You/we/they + were + not + …
Question Ware + you/we/they + …
Positive answer Yes + you/we/they + ware
Negative answer No + you/we/they + ware + not
Question with Wh-question Wh-questions + ware + подлежащее + …
They were teachers – They were not teachers – Were they teachers? – Yes they were – No they were not – Who were those women?
There was / There were
Positive form singular: There was + a + существительное
Negative form singular: There was + not + a +существительное
Question singular: Was there +a +существительное
Positive answer: Yes + there was
Negative answer: No + there was + not
There was a car there – There wasn’t a car there –Was there a car there? – Yes there was – No there wasn’t
Positive form plural: There were + some +существительное + -s
Negative form plural: There were + not + any + существительное + -s
Question plural: Were there + any + существительное + -s
Positive answer: Yes + there were
Negative answer: No + there were + not
There were some cars there –There were not any cars there – Were there any cars there? – Yes there were – No there were not
Question with Wh-question: Wh-questions + was/were + there + подлежащее + …
What was there in the room? – How many people were there?
Time expressions (Выражение времени)
On + день недели
Every + day/weekend/week/month/year
In + the + morning/afternoon/evening
At + time/the weekend/night
On Sunday – Every weekend – In the morning – At half past six
Yesterday вчера
Last прошлый
… ago … назад
The other day на днях
A day before yesterday позавчера
Prepositions of place (Предлоги места)
in в
near = at рядом
on the left с лева
on the right справа
on на
behind за
In front of перед
Word + -s
Word + -s
Произношение:
[s] после глухих согласных – cliffs, hats, shirts
[z] после звонких согласных и гласных –taxis, cars, lives
[iz] когда слово оканчивается на букву –e, которая не произносится, то есть является немой: noses, horses.
Word + -es:
если слово оканчивается буквами -s, -h, -z,-x, -o: buses, goes. Произношение:[iz]
Word + -ies:
если слово оканчивается на согласную + -y, то y заменяется на i: city – cities; sky – skies. Произношение: [iz]
Исключение 1: имена собственные: Mandy – Mandys.
Исключение 2: в случаях, когда букве –y предшествует гласная:boy – boys.
Regular verbs + -ed
Regular verbs + -ed
[t] после глухой согласной
[d] после звонкой согласной или гласной
[id] после t или d
Regular verbs + -d
Если глагол оканчивается на e: like – liked, live – lived, love – loved.
Regular verbs + -ied
Если глагол оканчивается на согласную + -y, то y заменяется на i: study – studied, marry – married.
Произношение: [id]