Text b.

The earliest wide-strip rolling mill designed to operate as a true continuous unit was built in 1892 at Jeplitz in Czechoslovakia.

On this mill, 8-in. thick steel slabs were fed into a furnace through which they continuously moved. After reaching the desired temperature they were reduced to 3 ½ in. thick on the three-high mill. This unit was driven by a steam engine developing 1,000 h.p. (horse power – лошадиная сила).

After reheating the slab, the second three-high mill was employed to roll the material to about 0.28 in. thick, this mill being connected to the closely erected five-stand finishing unit (чистовой стан). Each stand of the continuous unit was of the two-high type, the rolls being 25 in. in diameter. In passing through the five pairs of rolls, comprising the true continuous section of the mill, the thickness of the material, was reduced by as much as 60 per cent in all the five stands at the same time.

The speed of the material leaving each stand was 190, 240, 290, 340 and 390 ft. per min, respectively. With such slow speeds of rolling, excessive cooling of the strip took place. As a result, it was found impossible to obtain the same thickness along the whole length of the material.

XI. Прочитайте текст еще раз и выполните следующие задания.

1. Определите назначение и тип стана, который описывается в данном тексте.

2. Укажите, куда сначала подаются стальные слябы и какова их толщина.

3. Скажите, где происходит первое обжатие сляба.

4. Сравните назначения первого и второго трёхвалковых станов.

5. Опишите клеть непрерывного стана.

6. Укажите через сколько клетей одновременно проходит материал.

7. Объясните, что и как в данном случае влияет на получение полос одинаковой толщины по всей длине материала.

Lesson 2.

Preliminary Exercises

I. Определите, какое значение имеет глагол “to result” в данном контексте и, соответственно, поставьте in или from.

1. Hot working operations do not result … any great increase in strength and hardness of the material.

2. The progress in the rolling practice resulted … many investigations carried out in recent years.

3. The great advamce in rolling-mill design resulted … the production, annually, of millions of tons of rolled metal.

4. The increased production of cold rolled steel resulted … improved properties of cild rolled metal.

II. Дайте русские эквиваленты следующим интернациональным словам.

method, metal, principle, diameter, to start temperature, motor, operation, mass, deformation.

III. Замените подчеркнутые группы слов соответствующими английскими эквивалентами, используя инфинитив.

1. Чтобы нагреть slabs to the desired temperature they are fed into the furnace.

2. Для того, чтобы увеличить the production the rolling time in continuous rolling mills was decreased.

3. Для получения the same thickness along the length of the material it is necessary to increase the speed of the material coming from each stand.

4. Water is used in continuous mills чтобы удалить the scale from the surface of slabs.

5. During the eighteenth century water-driven rolling mills were used для производства sheets.