3. Match the words and expressions, use them to retell the text.

1) singlephase, polyphase, core, household appliances, convert, coil, torque, brush gear, metre, twisting effort, winding, connect in parallel, in sequence, terminal, field magnet, source, commutator, arrange, reverse.

2) перетворювати, приєднувати, клема, джерело, крутне зусилля, обертальний момент, зворотній, обмотка, магніт збудження, щітка, котушка, колектор, сердечник, якір, клема, з’єднувати послідовно, з’єднувати паралельно, ярмо.

4. Fill in the blancs.

brush gear, force, field mag­net, converts, source, dependent, connected, driven, develops, current, rotate.

The electric ____ generated by electro-motive ____ is produced in

the conductors. A direct-current motor consists of the same essen­tial parts as a direct-current generator, namely, ____, armature with its com­mutator,

and ____. Electric motor is a machine that ____ electrical energy to mechanical energy. When a motor is connected to a ____ of electrical

energy it ____ a twisting effort called torque which tends to ____ the shaft of the motor. When the motor shaft is directly ____ or geared, belted to a machine, that machine is ____ by the motor to produce useful work. The core is made of iron with high ohme ____. All modern machines are ____on electric motors.

5. Translate the following text into English.

Електродвигун – електрич­на машина, що перетворює електричну енергію на механічну. Складаєть­ся в основному з обертової частини (ротора) й нерухомої частини (статора). Розрізняють електродвигуни постій­ного струму, змін­ного струму електродвигуни й електродвигуни універсальні. Уні­версальними називаються колекторні електродвигуни з послідовним збудженням, що діють при живленні постійним або змінним струмом промислової частоти. В таких eлектродвигунax можна регулювати час­тоту обертання ротора. Потужність електродвигунa ─ від частин вата (мікроелектродвигуни) до десятків мегават. Електродвигун ─ складова частина електропри­вода деяких засобів рейкового (наприклад, електровоза) і безрейко­вого (електрокара, електромобіля) транспорту, підйомно-транспортних машин, механізмів на суднах, лі­таках тощо.

6. Make up dialogues on the following topics using the introductory and connective words.

1. Application of electricity at home and in production. 3. Electric machines. 3. Modern electric motors.

TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS. PATENT

UNIT 16

Text 1

1. Read and translate the text, paying attention to the specific patent expressions. Describe the drawings.

Patent Specification

Improvements in or Relating to Pipe Joints or Pipe Couplings

The pipe joint or coupling forming the subject of the present invention, although applicable for use with pipes of any material, is particularly concerned with pipes or tubes of semi-flexible character and composed of comparatively hard thermoplastic synthetic resin composition, natural or synthetic rubber or similar material. The pipe joint or coupling is also suitable for use with metal pipes.

A pipe joint or coupling in accordance with the invention comprises a body bored to receive the extremity of the pipe and to form an inter­nal shoulder or sitting against which the pipe can abut, a sleeve nut surrounding the pipe and in threaded engagement with the body, a longitudinally split pressure ring having an externally arranged ta­pered extremity for engagement by a correspondingly tapered surface on the interior of the nut so as to contract the pressure ring into gripping engagement with the pipe and an annular sealing ring in abutting engagement with the pressure ring and formed with a fine taper for engagement with a tapered surface in the interior of the body for the purpose of maintaining a good seal consequent upon tightening of the nut on the threaded part of the body. If composed of suitable material the sealing ring will be contracted into good sealing engagement with the pipe.

Referring to the drawings:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a pipe joint or coupling in accordance with the present invention; and

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section of the same drawn to an enlarged scale.

The pipe joint or coupling illustrated includes a body 1 which may be externally screw threaded as at 2 for attachment to a container or the like, the body being formed with a cylindrical boring 3 and with a boring extension involving a tapering surface 4 and a shoulder 5. The pipe 6 enters boring 3 and seats on the part 5, the latter forming a square shoulder against which the peripheral edge of the pipe abuts.

The body is externally screw threaded at 7 to engage internal screw threads on a sleeve nut 8 having an inner tapering surface 9.

The tapered boring 4 receives an externally tapered sealing ring 10, the latter having a slightly finer taper than the boring, the ring fitting closely around the pipe. The opposite end of the sealing ring has a square face of a pressure ring 12, the latter being split longitudinally at one or more points 13 around the periphery whereby it will be contractable with a minimum of effort into good sealing engagement with the pipe.

The pressure ring is formed with a tapered surface 14 corresponding with the tapering surface 9 on the interior of the sleeve nut, whereby the pressure ring will be contracted radially into good sealing engage­ment with

the pipe when the sleeve nut is tightened.

The pressure ring is preferably formed with two or more cylindrical faces 15 which make surface engagement with the pipe over a small surface area, whereby the pressure at the places of contact will be substantially increased.

It will be appreciated that by tightening the sleeve nut 8 pressure ring 12 will not only be contracted radially into good sealing engagement with the pipe but will also bear hard on the sealing ring 10, thus forcing it down the tapered boring into good sealing engagement with the tapered face 4, the sealing ring at the same time being compressed radially into intimate engagement with the walls of the pipe.

Fig.37.

The rings 10 and 12 are composed of suitable metals to suit the material

of which the pipe is composed, and it is within the scope of the invention to employ other materials.

The taper of the sealing ring 10 is preferably in the region of 10°, it being preferred that there shall be a difference of approximately 2 ½° between the tapes of the two tapering surfaces.

Vocabulary

tapering конусоподібний

rubber гума

extremety край, кінець

abut упиратися

sleeve nut муфта, втулка, гільза

contract скорочувати, стискати

taper ring запорне кільце

tape стрічка

extend поширюватись

median line серединна лінія

rear corner задній (тильний) кут

film плівкa

lid кришка

branch pipe патрубок

bud підвіз

pipe-bend, elbow відвід

irrigating зрошувальний

step крок

favour сприяти

nozzle насадка

twisted закручений

butterfly valve дросельний клапан

throttling дроселювання

actuator привод

furnish забезпечувати