The Infinitive constructions.

The infinitive constructions are often used instead of subordinate clauses with:

• There is/ there are

There are a lot of books to read.

There is a lot of place for you to walk.

• …have…

He has a lot of books to read.

She has a lot of books for you to read.

We have some pictures for you to see.

• This is/ these are

This is a good film to see.

These are nice stories for you to read.

• …too + adjective + infinitive

He is too weak to walk.

The book is too dull for me to read.

• Adjective + enough + infinitive

This subject is interesting enough to study.

These books are easy enough for the child to read.

• …the first (second, last, …) + infinitive

He was the first to notice it.

She was the last to come.

Ex.49 Paraphrase the following sentences using Infinitive constructions.

Example: I have a lot of work that I must do. → I have a lot of work to do.

1. There are a lot of things that you must wash....................................................................................

2. This is an interesting film that a child can see..................................................................................

3. This is an interesting subject that one can study..............................................................................

4. They had a lot of things that they could discuss...............................................................................

5. Judy learned about it last..................................................................................................................

6. There are other facts that can prove this theory...............................................................................

7. There is news that you must know...................................................................................................

8. Frank told his father the pleasant news first.....................................................................................

9. He has a friend that he can ask for advice........................................................................................

10. There are some papers that must be typed.......................................................................................

11. I have some money that can be invested..........................................................................................

12. This is the material that should be revised.......................................................................................

13. He got to the finishing line right after the winner............................................................................

14. These are the things he must repair..................................................................................................

Ex.50 Paraphrase the following sentences using too + adjective + infinitive.

1. The weather is so bad that we won't go to the country.

...............................................................................................................................................................

2. The article is so difficult that he can't translate it.

……………………………………………….......................................................................................

3. The day is so hot that it is impossible to stay in town.

……………………………………………………...............................................................................

4. The dress is so expensive that it can't be worn every day.

………………………………………………………...........................................................................

5. The mountain is so high that you won't be able to climb it.

………………………………………………………….......................................................................

Ex.51 Paraphrase the following sentences using adjective + enough + infinitive.

1. The rule was difficult. The child could hardly understand it.

………………………………………………………………………………………….......................

2. The car is expensive. I can't buy it.

…………………………………………………………………………...............................................

3. The house was large. Such a big family could live in it.

……………………………………………………………………………………..............................

4. The girl is fifteen. She's going to get married.

………………………………………………………………………………......................................

5. Your coat isn't warm. You can hardly wear it in winter.

…………………………………………………………………………………….............................

Ex.52 Complete the text using "too" or "enough".

Gary is leaving school this year but he doesn't know what he wants to do. He isn't motivated 1)….enough…..to go to university. He'd quite like to be an engineer but he thinks it would be 2)……………….difficult. His father wants him to work in the family shop but that's not exciting 3)........................for Gary. He hasn't got 4)…………............patience to sit in a shop all day. He wants to travel, so the navy seems to be a good idea, although the rules are a bit 5)…................strict. Someone suggested driving a taxi but the hours are 6)……………….long and he wouldn't earn 7)………………….. money. There really is nothing that interests him enough.

Ex.53 Fill in the gaps with too or enough and one of the adjectives from the list, as in the example.

stormy, strong, young, impatient, tired, rich, old, experienced, creative, excited

1. The weather was ...too stormy... to go for a drive so we rented a video instead.

2. I'll call the babysitter. You're not.........................to stay at home alone.

3. The little girl woke up very, very early on her birthday because she was ...................to sleep.

4. I'm not.................................to apply for the job.

5. Rachel isn't ............................................to move all those boxes by herself.

6. A: Did you see Batman on TV last night?

B: No, I was......................................to watch it.

7. I'm not..............................................to make my own clothes.

8. The baby is............................to eat on his own.

9. Becky is...............................to buy a Mercedes.

10. Jake is............................................to be a good teacher.

Ex.54 Paraphrase the following sentences according to the model.

Model: I must think about my job. – I have my job to think about.

1. He must write some important letters.

2. She had to answer some business letters.

3. He had to do so many things.

4. We must first talk over this problem.

5. They wanted to show me a new picture.

6. I must ask him a lot of questions.

7. With so much work to do you mustn’t lose a moment.

8. We must go a long way.

Ex.55 Paraphrase the following sentences according to the model.

Model:

1. It’s hard to follow him. He speaks too fast. – He is hard to follow.

2. It’s pleasant to look at her. – She is pleasant to look at.

1. It’s interesting to talk to her.

2. It was hard to understand his idea.

3. It’s nice to work with calm people.

4. It was difficult to work out this problem.

5. It’s not easy to find a good road here.

6. It was difficult to decide the matter.