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2.10. Read text 2b and speak on the five criteria of strategic management thinking.

Make use of the vocabulary:

achieve v достигать, успешно выполнять

adjust v приспосабливать, регулировать, устанавливать

alignment n выравнивание, регулировка, выверка

alternative n альтернатива, выбор

commitment n обязательство, передача, совершение

competency n способность, умение, компетентность

confront v противостоять, сопоставлять

convince v убеждать, уверять

critical adj решающий, критический

criteria n,pl критерии

coherent adj понятный, ясный, последовательный

credible adj вероятный, заслуживающий доверия

distinguish v различать, распознавать

effective adj эффективный, результативный

empowerment n полномочие

envision v предоставлять себе, воображать

identify v распознавать, узнавать

incentiveт n побуждение, стимул

niche n ниша, подходящее место

view n взгляд, мнение, точка зрения

whereby adv посредством чего-либо

to make a transition осуществлять переход

to experience a certain outcome подводить к определенному

результату

to take into consideration принимать во внимание

Text 2b Strategic Management Thinking

To be effective as a leader, you must develop skills in strategic thinking. Strategic thinking is a process whereby you learn how to make your business vision a reality by developing your abilities in team work, problem solving, and critical thinking. It is also a tool to help you confront change, plan for and make transitions, and envision new possibilities and opportunities.

Strategic thinking is like making a movie. Every movie has a context (or story), which it uses to get you experience a certain outcome (an emotion, in this case) at the end of the movie. Strategic thinking is much the same in that it requires you to envision what your ideal outcome to be for your business and then works backwards by focusing on the story of how you will be able to reach your vision.

As you develop a strategic vision for your business, there are five different criteria that you should be guided by. They will help you define your ideal outcome. In addition, they will help you determine the steps necessary to make your business vision a reality.

The following is a list of these five criteria:

  1. Organization. The organization of your business involves the people you will have working for you, the organizational structure of your business, and the resources necessary to make it all work. What will your organization look like? What type of structure will support your vision? How will you combine people, resources, and structure together to achieve your ideal outcome?

  2. Observation. When you are looking down at the world from an airplane, you can see much more than when you are on the ground. Strategic thinking is much the same in that it allows you to see things from "higher up". By increasing your powers of observation, you will begin to become more aware of what motivates people, how to solve problems more effectively, and how to distinguish between alternatives.

  3. Views. Views are simple different ways of thinking about something. In strategic thinking, there are four viewpoints to take into consideration when forming your business strategy: the environment view; the marketplace view; and the measurement view. Views can be used as tools to help you think about outcomes, identify critical elements and adjust your actions to achieve your ideal position.

  4. Driving Forces. What are the driving forces that will make your ideal outcome a reality? What is your company's vision and mission? Driving forces usually lay the foundation for want you want people to focus on in your business (i.e., what you will use to motivate others to perform). Examples of driving forces might include: individual and organizational incentives; empowerment and alignment; qualitative factors such as a defined vision, values, and goals; productive factors like a mission or function; quantitative factors such as results or experience; and others such as commitment, coherent action, effectiveness, productivity and value.

  5. Ideal Position. After working through the first four phases of the strategic thinking process, you should be able to define your ideal position and your outline should include:

  1. the conditions you have found to be necessary if your business is to be productive;

  2. the niche in the marketplace that your business will fill;

  3. any opportunities that may exist either currently or in the future for your business;

  4. the core competencies or skills required in your business;

  5. the strategies and tactics you will use to pull it all together.

By working through these five areas, you will begin to get a clearer picture of exactly how your business vision can be accomplished. As your vision becomes more focused, your ideas will appear stronger and more credible. Not only will it be easier to convince others that your idea is a good one, but it will also be easier to maintain your own conviction and motivation when you reach any obstacles on the road.