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Базовый курс англ. яз. 2-я часть.doc
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Progress and problems

This is an era which can accurately be labelled as one of technological revolu­tion with vital changes in all spheres of life of humanity. Great progress is being made in such essential fields as science, engineering, space and econ­omy. Civilization has rapidly advanced and will continue to develop.

Some of man's dreams and science fiction have come true. Just think of laser in medicine, genetic engineering and Internet development pro­viding tele-medicine and educational multimedia that could reach far-away and remote areas. The life of humanity has changed beyond recognition.

It cannot be denied, however, that this rapid industrial development is made at vast expense: deposits of natural resources are exhausted, the ecological balance of the planet is disturbed, some species1 of flora and fauna disappear. Progress can be blamed for all these environmental problems.

To preserve Nature and keep the air and water clean, strict control is necessary. Numerous purifying systems for treatment2 of industrial was­tes have been installed; measures have been taken to protect rivers and seas from oil wastes. Wildlife reservations, models of undisturbed na­ture, have developed all over the country.

Pollution

The following discussion was held at Battersea County College in Great Britain.

Interviewer: What do you think are the worst kinds of pollution?

Steve: The noise and the exhaust of cars. It should be compulsory3 to have filters on exhausts.

Julie: I think the noise of airports is much worse. I live on Battersea Bridge Road which is one of the noisiest roads and it doesn't bother me. I don't really notice it.

Carol: We've got planes coming over our house every minute and I don't notice it any more. You get used to it.

Interviewer: What do you think of clearing city centres of traffic and cleaning the air of big cities? How could that be accomplished?

Marlin: City centres should be left only for pedestrians4 and all traffic should be banned. As to the enterprises which pour smoke out of their chimneys, they should be moved out. They en­danger the health of people.

Interviewer: Judging by the statistics many industrial areas still have a lot of chemicals in the air. Does that worry you? I've never really thought about it. Over the years you grow accustomed to the smell and dirty air. The only time you notice how bad the air is, is after you've been away for a while. You start coughing like anything.

Clean air in big cities is a vital problem. People probably die younger in the cities as they can get all sorts of lung cancer5 and things.

There is one more factor in connection with air pollution that many people overlook. If you move out enterprises into remote areas you can spoil the countryside. There won't be any coun­tryside left if all the factories are moved out to those areas.

Interviewer: What's your attitude to wastes and recycling things?

Julie: I'm in favour of recycling. Bottles, cans, industrial wastes can be recycled.

Interviewer: Nature always recycles everything. Nothing goes to waste.

Steve: With human beings the main idea is to get as much as you can out of something and then dump the rest.

Interviewer: Are you concerned about pollution happening in other countries?

Carrol: I feel I don't know enough about it. Sometimes you come across such information in the newspapers, but it's not enough.

Steve: Yeah. They say aerosols are affecting the ozone layer which protects us from the sun and create the so-called "green house effect". We should be aware of this problem.

Marlin: I've read that recently in Geneva there was a conference attended by environment ministers from more than 100 coun­tries with the aim of fighting against global warming.

Interviewer: Yes, you are right. We should think about future generations.

Without co-operation at the international level, no doubt, deterioration of the environment will go on.

Notes:

1 species— род, порода, вид, разновидность

2 treatment — 3d. обработка

3 compulsory— принудительный, обязательный

4 pedestrian — пешеход

5 lung cancer— рак легких

Questions:

  1. What is the result of the scientific and technological revolution?

  2. What is the price for rapid industrial progress?

  3. What is the way environmental problems should be solved.

  4. What are the advantages and disadvantages of industrial development?

  5. Can wildlife reservations save Nature?