Ways of Rendering Emphasis in the Translation

1. Ways of rendering emphatic syntactic constructions:

1. emphatic inversion;

2. constructions with the preceding “it”;

3. “condensed relative”;

4. constructions with emphatic “do’, “did’, etc.

2. Ways of rendering negative emphatic constructions:

2.1 “not + noun”;

2.2 double negation;

3. Ways of rendering emphatic comparative constructions.

Literature:

1.Левицкая Т.Р., Фитерман А.М. Теория и практика перевода с английского языка на русский. – М:1973. – С.66-79.

2.Карабан В. Переклад англійської наукової і технічної літератури. – Вінниця:2002. – С.194-209.

Exercises.

Ex.1.Translate the sentences with the constructions of emphasis.

A. 1. Often, most always, it is the least well written sentences, the ones that author wrote most hastily, that cause the translator the most trouble. 2. It is because of this, because “Hiawatha” and “Evangeline” and all the long narrative poems charm the reader into reading on from line to line simply for the pleasure of discovering what happens next, not for any aesthetic responses in the emotions, that Longfellow has become part of the fabric of American literature. 3. It was at this time that Mrs. Ape reappeared in the smoking- room. 4. It was not until the sun was at hedge level that she roused herself to further decision. 5. It was not until he had had enough praise that he switched to another topic. And it was a long time before Roger and I got down to business. 6. It was not until four years after Strickland’s death that Maurice Huret wrote that article in the Mercure de France, which rescued the unknown painter from oblivion. 7. It was not the amount that he read which mattered, but the way in which he read. 8. With Europe’s countryside mired in the ruinously expensive subsidies mandated by the EU’s protectionist agricultural policies, it is to cities that Europe must look for new ideas, new jobs and new leadership. 9. It is the diversity of Europe’s cities that is their strength. 10.It was in front of the Lincoln Memorial that Martin Luther King made his famous "I have a Dream" speech in which he told about the dream he had for his four children and all children. 11. It was the scene of fierce fighting and death when General W.T. Sherman led Union armies into the city, setting it afire. 12. It was not until Einstein discovered the connection between gravitation and iner­tia that the mystery Newton could not understand was solved.

B.1.What he was referring to was what may be called the psychological magic of words, their power to affect the thinking, feeling and behaviour of those who use them. 2. What was now to be done, however, is to promote the speediest possible recovery of that industry, along with other section of the engineering industry. 3. Differential grammar is not, as some practitioners of it would have us believe, simply a matter of superimposing an outline of the grammar of one language on that of another. What is required is a special type of description, which accounts for all types of differences and equivalences. 4. What keeps this realization from becoming maudlin is the completely unaffected performances of the actors.

C.1.I have tried to suggest that while it is not easy to talk sense over the radio, it is certainly not impossible. 2. As you say, one’s not unfamiliar with those principles. 3.I met him first before ever he became a painter, and I saw him not infrequently during the difficult years he spent in Paris. 4. Perhaps from the set of his small handsome head, one might have told that he was not displeased. 5. In these days it was by no means unusual for Timothy to have so many visitors.

D.1.But no sooner have girl teachers finished their expensive, three-year training, and gained a little practice on the job, than they get married. 2. Never again, never, never again would he kill things. 3. Upstairs was that volume of Keats, artfully abstracted from the shelves. 4. Gone was the raw, acrid damp of winter… 5. Inside the cellar was complete darkness. 6. And last of all came the model boy.

E.1.I think she is as kind and clever a teacher as any at the College, and no wonder they are fond of her. 2. But the spring flowers in the French Jura were as beautiful as anything in Switzerland. 3. The perfect order of the building cannot be praised too highly.4. …he managed to center about him an entire band of seeking young writers, artists, poets, playwrights, aspiring musicians; an amusing and as interesting a group as I have ever seen. 5. Rice is as close to Bush’s alter ego as any adviser to the president has ever been (with the possible exception of Karl Rove).

F. 1. I do think American Universities have had a very positive influence on foreign students. 2. Of course, the Internet does provide opportunities to extend excellence. 3. I think a bit of juvenile madness did help.

Seminar 6

Asyndetic Noun Clusters and Their Translation

1. Translation of two-componental asyndetic substantival clusters.

2. Translation of multi-componental asyndetic substantival clusters.

Literature:

1. Zrazhevskaya T.A., Gouskova T.I. Translation from English into Russian: Mastering the Techniques. M:1986. – P.146-155.

2. Карабан В. Переклад англійської наукової і технічної літератури. – Вінниця:2002. – P.170.

3. Korunets I.V. Theory and Practice of Translation. - New book: 2003. - P.225-243.

Exercises.

Ex.1. Translate the following attributive structures:

1. Overtime ban, engine trouble, token strike, sickness pay, steel chiefs, publicity expenditure, tax relief, membership fees, refuse collector, maintenance men, poverty line, doorstep salesman, emergency motion.

2. Rent-controlled housing, balance of payment equilibrium, road safety officer, stop-gap job, Draft Resistance Group, car wreck theft, automatic elevator apartment, war crime tribunal, marines’ chief US adviser.

3. Cut price photography stores, Divorce Reform Bill debate, Post Office engineers pay victory, intensive trade negotiation activity, six weeks advance notice, save-the-children’s-teeth message, 600-strong students and staff meeting, second-year post-graduate science student, supersonic swing-wing fighter plane, giant drive-in movie theater screen, limited anti-ballistic missile defense system.

4. 1. Carter’s faith-based Southern Christianity has always been a part of his decision making, and he could teach Bush a few lessons about following Christ. 2.The British prime minister has long argued that an Israeli-Palestinian peace is central to solving post-9-11 security worries. 3. But Victor’s most complicated relationship is with his testy, overburdened grandmother, who considers him a good-for-nothing playboy like his grandfather. 4.Even so, executives at ABC weren’t prepared for the firestorm that ensued when he disputed that the 9-11 hijackers were “cowards’, then famously added, ”We have been the cowards, lobbing cruise missiles from 2,000 miles away.” 5. So a few months ago she went to a down-town Manila fish market to prove that food prices had not shot up. 7.To use Western media as his mouthpiece and a one-way-only, like-it-or-die-type diplomacy is no diplomacy at all.