2.10 Accounting for the finished product and its implementation

Sales of products - it is the final stage of the process the financial resources of the industrial enterprise .

The process of implementation is a set of operations that have passed all technical tests , corresponding to current standards or specifications and decorated acceptance documents. Thus, through the process of realization of products produced by one economic entity becomes the property of another ( the buyer ) .

Buyer shall reimburse to the manufacturer for the cost of the finished product selling prices . Selling price set by the manufacturer ( supplier ), depending on various factors , agreed with the buyer and fixed delivery contract . The price also includes the implementation of indirect taxes , certain state. Applicable taxes include value added tax and excise duties. Selling price is always higher than the production cost of the finished products.

The object of accounting in the process of implementation are: the finished products in the two estimates ( actual cost accounting and price ); proceeds from the sale of finished products or sales (revenues ); costs of finished products ; indirect taxes ( excise and VAT ) .

Finished goods arrive at the warehouse of production and the actual production cost is recognized in the balance sheet at that value. However, during the reporting period (current account) finished products accounted for book prices . Therefore, at the end of the reporting month after detecting an actual cost price governed by the difference between your price and the actual cost.

2.11 Financial Statements

Financial reporting is the main source of information about the activities of the organization as a guide for the organization, and for other users. On the basis of the financial statements provided by financial analysis of organizations and management decisions .

All forms of financial statements prepared in accordance with the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Accounting and Financial Reporting" dated February 28, 2007 . Number 234 - III with amendments dated February 28, 2007 ., № 235 -III.

Financial statements are prepared according to accounting cumulative from the beginning of the reporting year in the manner and under the rules set number 1 IFRS (IAS), the NOFA number 2 and the Order of MF RK on May 23, 2007 № 184 "On approval of the list of forms and annual financial statements for the publication of public interest organizations (other than financial institutions) "for public interest organizations .

The organization prepares financial statements on an accrual basis under which transactions and events are recognized when they occur and not as money is received or paid . Will be recorded in the accounting systems and presented in the financial statements of the periods to which they relate.

Expenses are recognized in the income statement based on the direct comparison between the costs incurred and the corresponding items of income .

The basic principles of accounting and financial reporting are charged and continuity. The main qualitative characteristics of financial statements are understandability, relevance , reliability and comparability.

According to financial statements summarizes the activities of the enterprise , it also serves as a basis for future planning and production analysis.

Financial statement signed by the head of the enterprise and the chief accountant , who are personally responsible for the accuracy of the submitted report.

In order to ensure the reliability of data reporting inventory of property held , the purpose of which is to identify the actual availability of the property with accounting ucheta.Soglasno IAS 1 "Presentation of Financial Statements" in disclosing long-term liabilities in the balance sheet should be considered following balance sheet items :

- Secured loans ;

- Unsecured loans ;

- Loans, representing each other core business organization and its subsidiaries .

The explanatory note to the balance sheet should reflect the interest rates , terms of repayment , the order of payments and other features of the debt covenants and conditions of the current liabilities is zaymov.Raskrytie disclosure obligations payable amounts :

- Short-term loans and overdrafts ;

- Current portion of long-term loans ;

- Payables .

CHAPTER 3 the annual inventory

Inventory - a check equal to the actual availability of the property and liabilities of the accounting data.

With an annual inventory verifies that the creation and use of the reserve for vacation pay . In case of excess reserves actually accrued over the amount of inventory calculation confirmed in December of the reporting year produced stornirovochnaya recording accounts production costs, and in case of accrual of additional statement on the inclusion of additional allocations to production costs.

Prior to the beginning of each inventory materially responsible person or group of persons taken receipt , which is included in the header portion of the form.

Inventories are recorded in inventory records for each individual name , indicating item number , type, group , article, variety and quantity.

Identified on the inventory unusable or damaged materials compiled relevant acts . On the last page of the form signed by the chairman of the commission before the two are free to write the last line of document numbers in case of movement of inventory during the inventory.

In identifying the material values ​​that are not reflected in the account , the commission should include them in an inventory . After registration in the prescribed manner inventory transferred to the accounting department to compile collation statements .

Inventory of inventories should usually be carried out in the order of values ​​in this area. Should not be allowed during the chaotic transition from inventory A different type of inventory to another. When storing inventory items in different areas isolated from one financially responsible person inventory conducted sequentially storage sites . After checking the box entrance to the room is sealed and the commission goes to work in the next room .

Chairman of the working Inventory Commission or on its behalf, in the presence of members of the commission storekeeper ( warehouseman ) and other financially responsible persons check actual availability of inventory through their mandatory conversion or pereveshivaniya peremerivaniya .

Not allowed to make an inventory of the balances values ​​with words or financially responsible persons according to the account without checking their actual availability .

Inventory items received during the inventory , made ​​materially responsible persons in the presence of the inventory commission and arrives on the roster or commercial after the inventory report . These tangible assets are entered in a separate list with the name of " Inventories received during the inventory."

With long-term inventory, in exceptional cases , and only with the written permission of the head and chief accountant , inventory items can be dispensed in the inventory materially responsible persons in the presence of the inventory commission .

Inventories held by other companies and are in custody , while the inventory of self- inventory values ​​. These values ​​constitute the Physical Inventory List of inventory received (delivered ) for safekeeping ( f. number Inv- 5) , in which reference is made to the relevant documents confirming the acceptance of these values ​​for safekeeping .

Inventory of inventory in transit , shipped , not paid in time buyers , stockpiled other enterprises, is careful validating relevant accounts amounts.

CHAPTER 4 ANALYSIS

• Analysis of the financial statements.

The financial statements of the enterprise as an information base of financial analysis.

Financial Statements - The final element of the accounting system . All elements of the accounting report , linked and represent a system of economic indicators characterizing the conditions and results of the Company for the reporting period

The main sources of information for the analysis of financial condition are the balance sheet (Form number 1) , Income Statement (form number 2) , Statement of Changes in Equity (Form number 3 ) Statement of Cash Flows (Form number 4) , the application to balance Sheet - explanatory note and the primary data and analytical buh.ucheta .

The most informative way to analyze and assess the financial condition is a form of number 1. Balance reflects the condition of the property , equity and liabilities on a certain date .

Analysis of financial sustainability of an economic entity .

Resistance organization operating in a market economy is one of the most important factors in evaluating its konkurentosposobosnosti .

To Independence : capital / balance sheet . Norm: 0.5-0.6

To Independence : 10417993/10756681 = 0.969

I used when analyzing the balance sheet data as of 31.12.2013goda , the analysis I have determined that the organization depends on its creditors

The analysis determined that the funding ratio shows how much of the organization's assets is financed by own funds and which by borrowing , at LLP «Sutory Project" no borrowing.

CHAPTER 5 LEGAL WORK

      1. Features of state regulation of accounting and financial reporting in the public institutions , except for the National Bank of Kazakhstan , established by normative legal acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan on accounting and financial reporting for public institutions authorized body.

     2 . State regulation of accounting and financial reporting in the National Bank of the Republic of Kazakhstan by the Board of Directors ( the Directorate ) of the National Bank of Kazakhstan.

      3 . State regulation of accounting and financial reporting in financial institutions and special purpose companies established under the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan on securitization , performed by the National Bank of Kazakhstan through the adoption of regulations and guidelines for them, as in the cases stipulated by acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan , in consultation with the authorized government agency for regulation and supervision of financial market and financial organizations .

     4 . Notified Body :

      1) provides for the formation and implementation of state policy in the field of accounting and financial reporting;

      2) determine the accounting procedures ;

      3) adopt normative legal acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan on accounting and financial reporting ;

      4 ) develop and approve national standards and guidelines to them;

      5) provides considering proposals advisory body in case there is a conflict of legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan on accounting and financial reporting requirements of international standards relevant amendments to the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan ;

      6 ) develop and approve a sample chart of accounts ;

      7) published in periodicals , national standards in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan ;

      8 ) reacts on accounting and financial reporting with other government agencies and professional organizations ;

      9) considering proposals advisory body to develop draft regulatory legal acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan on accounting and financial reporting ;

      10) accredits professional organizations , certification organizations ;

      11 ) approve the rules for the accreditation of professional organizations , certification organizations

      12 ) approve the qualification requirements for professional accountants , with the advice of an advisory body ;

      13) cautions professional organizations , certification organizations in the event of non-compliance with the rules of accreditation;

      14 ) decide on the withdrawal of the certificate of accreditation of professional organizations, certification ;

      15) defines the list , form and frequency of reporting by professional organizations , certification bodies ;

      16) published in periodicals that are distributed throughout the Republic of Kazakhstan , received duly authorized official publication of the regulations, the state and Russian languages ​​list of professional organizations, certification ;

      17) approve the provision of advisory bodies;

      18) determines the order of presentation of financial statements to the depositary ;

      19) approves the form of the certificate.

      6. National Bank of Kazakhstan :

      1) for financial institutions : develop and approve in consultation with the competent authority financial reporting standards for matters not covered by international standards , and guidelines to them; develop and approve , in accordance with the requirements of this Act regulations of the Republic of Kazakhstan on accounting and financial reporting , as well as standard accounting plans ;

      2) state-owned enterprises and entities , fifty percent or more of shares (shares) or majority- owned by the National Bank of Kazakhstan , establishes lists and forms , relevant international financial reporting standards , as well as the timing and order of presentation of financial statements;

      3 ) for special purpose companies established under the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan on securitization : develop and approve , in accordance with the requirements of this Act regulations of the Republic of Kazakhstan on accounting and financial reporting; monitors compliance with legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan on accounting and financial reporting and international standards;

      4) monitors compliance with organizations engaged in certain types of banking operations under the license of the National Bank of Kazakhstan , the requirements of legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan on accounting and financial reporting and international standards.

CHAPTER 6 TAXATION

LLP «Sutory Project» is dobrosovesnym taxpayer. Since working on the generally established mode, up to 25 of each month following the reporting month , pays taxes to the budget , mandatory pension contributions and mandatory social security contributions .

Typically buhgaltersokm chart of accounts :

3110 " Corporate income tax payable " ;

3120 " Individual Income Tax " ;

3130 " Value Added Tax " ;

3140 " Excise " ;

3150 " Social tax " ;

3160 "Land Tax " ;

3170 " Vehicle Tax " ;

3180 " Property Tax " ;

3190 " Other taxes " .

Individual income tax payers LLP «Sutory Project» are wage and salary earners with income taxed at source. The income of workers and employees include any income paid to them LLP «Sutory Project» in the form of a payment in cash or in kind , including revenues, now provided in the form of material, social benefits or other material benefit .

Calculation and withholding of personal income tax paid not later than the date of payment of the income taxed at source. LLP «Sutory Project» shall pay tax within 5 working days following the last day of payment of the income of the reporting month , based on the location of the taxpayer.

Calculation of the individual income tax is made in the year to the end of each month with a reduced amount of income for a fixed statutory minimum wage , by applying the rate of 10%.

When dismissing an employee prior to the expiration of the tax year are recalculated individual income tax based on income received for actually researched period , taking into account the conversion factor is equal to unity . According to recalculate employee is given a certificate of income and taxes for the researched period.

Consider an example . Individual income tax payers LLP «Sutory Project» are wage and salary earners with income taxed at source. The income of workers and employees include any income paid to them LLP «Sutory Project» » in the form of a payment in cash or in kind , including revenues, now provided in the form of material, social benefits or other material benefit .

Revenues for the company are reflected in the accounts section 6 "Revenue " . The expenses include: cost of sales , administrative expenses, product sales , interest costs. These costs are reflected in section 7 "Expenses" .

In accounting LLP «Sutory Project» the revenues recorded in the accounting records on the loan account group 6000 " Revenue from sales of products and provision of services ."

Other types of income , such as rental income , income from investments, dividend income are reflected in account 6100 " Income from financing ." Income from the disposal of assets , foreign exchange gains , other income are recognized on the group accounts 6200 " Other income ."

Settlements with the budget for social tax are on the account 3150 " social tax " from the group accounts 3100 " Tax liabilities ", which corresponds with a score of 7210 " Administrative expenses " .

Settlements with the budget for property taxes . Settlements with the budget for the land tax are on the account 3160 "Land Tax " . When calculating land tax debit account 7210 " Administrative expenses " account and credit the 3160 "Land Tax " .

Settlements with the budget tax on vehicles are on the account 3170 " Tax on vehicles ." When calculating the tax on vehicles debit account 7210 " Administrative expenses " and credit account 3170 , " Tax on vehicles ."

Settlements with the budget for the property tax bill for 3180 are " property tax ." Calculation of the tax is made by taxpayers on their own by applying the appropriate tax rate to the tax base . When calculating property tax debit account 7210 " Administrative expenses " and credit account 3180 " Property Tax " .

The average annual value of fixed assets accounting data was 722073735 tenge. Tax rate - 1%. Property tax amounted to 722,073.7 m.

Chapter 7 Audit

Audit - it is strictly organized process , which is subject to certain phases and the conduct and documentation of audit procedures.

During the audit, the auditors all actions aimed at achieving the main objectives of the audit - the formation of an objective opinion on the financial statements of the enterprise. This view is the content of the auditor's report .

Auditor porezultatom audit report is and presents it to the customer within the period specified by the contract.

Independent auditor's report includes the auditor's opinion - Performer (or) partner and Auditing Organization for the preparation of financial statements and other information of the audited entity in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan .

Audit activities in accordance with international auditing standards , "Consideration of laws and regulations in an audit of financial statements" should be organized in accordance with the documents related to the two main groups : state legislation ; auditing standards .

The right to audit activity have audit organizations licensed to conduct audit activities.