- •1 Technology and society
- •2. Read and translate the text.
- •3. Complete the sentences with the correct words.
- •2 Studying technology
- •1. Read and memorize the following words:
- •2. Read and translate the text.
- •1. Read and memorize the following words:
- •2. Read and translate the text.
- •3. Fill in the word(s) from the list below. Use each word only once and translate them.
- •4. Finish the following sentences:
- •3 Design
- •3. Try to put these words in the right order and make a sentence.
- •4. Finish the following sentences:
- •4 Technology in sport
- •1. Read and memorize the following words:
- •2. Read and translate the text.
- •3. Match the words with their similar meaning.
- •4. Finish the following sentences:
- •5 Appropriate technology
- •1. Read and memorize the following words:
- •2. Read and translate the text.
- •3. Fill in the word(s) from the list below. Use each word only once and translate them.
- •4. Finish the following sentences:
- •6 Crime-fighting and security
- •1. Read and memorize the following words:
- •2. Read and translate the text.
- •3. Try to put these words in the right order and make a sentence.
- •4. Finish the following sentences:
2 Studying technology
1. Read and memorize the following words:
technician |
фахівець |
civil engineering |
громадянське будівництво |
technologist |
технолог |
harbour |
гавань |
degree |
ступінь |
budget |
бюджет |
interchangeably |
рівнозначно |
pipeline |
трубопровід |
complete |
повний |
dam |
гребля |
apprentice |
новачок |
foundation |
основа |
part-time |
неповний робочий день |
skill |
уміння |
2. Read and translate the text.
The main difference between a technician, a technologist, and an engineer is in level of education and training. Engineers have the most advanced training and normally hold university degrees. In everyday contexts, the titles technician and technologist are sometimes used interchangeably, meaning a specialist working in technology below the level of engineer. In training contexts, technologist is normally used for someone at a higher level (usually trained for 2-3 years) than a technician (usually trained for 1-2 years).
You can progress from technician to technologist and then to engineer by following courses at colleges and universities. Colleges offer certificates and diplomas (a diplomas is a higher level qualification than a certificate). Universities offer degrees.
As an example, in UK system, most young who want a career in technology start by studying at a college of further education or university. Some universities allow students to transfer to a degree course early, after completing only one year of a diploma course.
It is also possible for students to leave school at sixteen and work as an apprentice with a company. The company can then release them from work for some time every week to allow them to study at a college. This is called part-time, day-release or “sandwich” course.
Civil engineers work in the planning and construction of airports, bridges, highways, harbours, etc. The course syllabus includes the following subjects:
Construction surveying. This teaches how to measure a site, and mark out lines and points from the plans on the ground.
Construction management. This teaches how to ensure that a building project is completed on time, with the correct materials, within budget, and safety.
Fluid mechanics. This teaches how liquids and gases move and affect structures. This is important in constructing pipelines and dams.
Geotechnics. This teaches the mechanical properties of soil and rocks. This is important in constructing tunnels, pipelines, and foundations.
Complex communications. This teaches how to communicate on technical matters. Working in technology you need to be able to speak and write effectively to clients, write clear reports, and give oral presentations to colleagues.
CAD (Computer-assisted design). Surveyors and architects use computer software to help them draw plans and designs.