- •1 Technology and society
- •2. Read and translate the text.
- •3. Complete the sentences with the correct words.
- •2 Studying technology
- •1. Read and memorize the following words:
- •2. Read and translate the text.
- •1. Read and memorize the following words:
- •2. Read and translate the text.
- •3. Fill in the word(s) from the list below. Use each word only once and translate them.
- •4. Finish the following sentences:
- •3 Design
- •3. Try to put these words in the right order and make a sentence.
- •4. Finish the following sentences:
- •4 Technology in sport
- •1. Read and memorize the following words:
- •2. Read and translate the text.
- •3. Match the words with their similar meaning.
- •4. Finish the following sentences:
- •5 Appropriate technology
- •1. Read and memorize the following words:
- •2. Read and translate the text.
- •3. Fill in the word(s) from the list below. Use each word only once and translate them.
- •4. Finish the following sentences:
- •6 Crime-fighting and security
- •1. Read and memorize the following words:
- •2. Read and translate the text.
- •3. Try to put these words in the right order and make a sentence.
- •4. Finish the following sentences:
3. Try to put these words in the right order and make a sentence.
1. Design is/ of technology / at the heart.
2. It may be beautiful, / one aspect of design / but appearance is only.
3. The design process/stages, or steps / is a series of.
4. Finish the following sentences:
1. It ends when a product is manufactured …
2. Sometimes the designer may have to …
3. Design a handle that remains …
4. The prototype is physically tested and then …
5. A detailed drawing is made …
4 Technology in sport
1. Read and memorize the following words:
powerful |
потужний |
bend |
згинати |
hit |
ударяти |
friction |
тертя |
impact |
удар, поштовх |
erode |
стирати |
compression |
стискання |
fatigue |
утома |
squeezing |
стискання |
weaken |
ослабляти |
tension |
напруга |
resist |
опір |
stretching |
розтягування |
impact-resistant |
ударостійкість |
2. Read and translate the text.
Modern sports materials are subjected to powerful forces. When a racket hits a ball, the impact causes compression and tension, and may cause bending Repeated friction makes clothing wear away. A bicycle pedal may break because of fatigue if it is turned the same way repeatedly.
Sports materials must have properties to resist these forces. Equipment must be impact-resistant, fatigue-resistant, and tough Clothing must be wear-resistant, fit the body tightly and be aerodynamic Some materials should be rigid, others need to be flexible, or elastic. Some equipment must be hard. For fast sports, equipment needs a high strength-to-weight ratio (combining strength with lightness).
Special materials are used for making modern sports equipment and clothing:
Plastics – these are light and can be moulded into shape. Examples: polycarbonate (goggle), polyurethane (footballs), and polysterene ( inside bike helmets)
Fibres – materials such as lycra and Kevlar are used for sports clothing
Composites – these combine fibres and plastic and have a good strength-to-weight ratio. Examples: fiberglass (boats), graphite, and carbon-fibre (bicycle frames)
Laminates – these are formed from two or more layers of plastic or composite metals such as titanium, and aluminium, and alloys such as chrome-molybdenum (cro-moly) combine lightness, strength, and corrosion-resistance.
3. Match the words with their similar meaning.
1 compression |
a) characteristics |
2 tension |
b) stretching |
3 wear |
c) difficult to break |
4 fatigue |
d) able to bend |
5 properties |
e) erode |
6 to resist |
f) able to change shape and return to their original shape |
7 tough |
g) squeezing |
8 be aerodynamic |
h) fight against |
9 to be elastic |
i) able to move smoothly |
10 to be flexible |
j) weakending |