About myself

My name is Victor. My surname is Ivanov. I was born on April 7, 1982 in Kharkiv. My parents are office –workers. I am the only child in the family. I am a pupil of the ninth form of a secondary school. After leaving school I’ll try to enter the Medical Institute. I think, the profession of a doctor is very interesting and useful to people but it is not easy, of course. I’m fond of chemistry and biology and I know these subject are important to learn for entering the institute.

I don’t have much free time but I have a hobby. My hobby is drawing. I like draw since my childhood. Since the age of six I’ve been drawing everywhere: in my album, in my note-books, even on the newspapers. My favorite sports are football and tennis.

I have many friends. They are very good and we like to spend our time together. We meet and talk, dance and laugh, listen to good music and everything what is interesting for a teenager.

I’m happy to have nice friends and good family. I hope that my dreams will come true and I’ll become a doctor.

Ex.2. Прочитайте та запам’ятайте правила вживання неозначеного артикля:

Неозначений артикль а/аn

1) Неозначений артикль вживається тільки з іменниками однини. Артикль a/an вживається, коли про предмет говориться вперше. It is a pen. = It's a pen. (Перед приголосним)

It is an apple. = It's an apple. (Перед голосним )

2. У значенні "один з, будь-який": Give me a pen. — Дайте мені будь-яку ручку. (Я не маю жодної і згоден узяти ту, яку мені запро­понують).

3. 3 іменником — іменною частиною складеного присудка: Му father is a doctor.

4. 3 іменником після звороту there is: There is a pen on the table.

5. 3 додатком після дієслова have/has: I have a sister.

6. Після слова what в окличних реченнях: What a beautiful day!

7) У значенні числівника one (один) перед числівниками, a hundred — одна сотня a million — один мільйон

a thousand — одна тисяча a dozen — одна дюжина

8) 3 іменниками у значенні one (один):

An apple a day keeps the doctor away. (Одне яблуко в день — і лікаря не треба).

9) Артикль a/an не вживається перед іменами, прізвищами, назвами країн, міст, континентів:

I see Kate. — Я бачу Катю. Kyiv is a city. — Київ — місто.

10) Артикль a/an не вживається, якщо перед іменником стоїть присвійний (my, his,her...) або вказівний займенник (this / that):

It is a pen. — Це — ручка.

It is my pen. — Це моя ручка.

This pen is on the table. — Ця ручка на столі.

11) Неозначений артикль вживається у таких словосполученнях:

a lot of — багато

a few — мало

in a loud voice — гучним голосом

to be in a hurry — поспішати (але: Hurry up!)

to have a good time — гарно провести час

a little — небагато

at a time — одночасно

in a low voice — тихим голосом

to have a cold — застудитися

to go for a walk — піти на прогулянку

12) В англійській мові прикметник завжди стоїть перед іменни­ком. Артикль ставиться перед прикметником: a bad apple, a black і" її, a nice man. It is a nice lamp. It is a fine day.

Ex.3. Прочитайте та перекладіть українською:

a name	a bad day	It is a map.	It's a map.	I meet Nell
a lamp	a fine day	It is a lamp.	It's a lamp.	I smile.
a plan	a bad plan	It is a nice flat.	It' a nice fiat.	I speak.
a flat	a bad pen	It is a fine day.	It's a fine day.	I sit still.
a tie	a nice lamp	It is a bad plan.	It's a bad plan.	I take a pen.
a pie	a nice man	It is a bad pen.	It's a bad pen.	I like milk.
a wife	a nice wife	It is a nice man.	It's a nice man.	I need a flat.

Ex.4. Напишіть іменники з неозначеним артиклем a/ an:

Apple, book, table, onion, plum, pen, egg, bag, end, orange, ball, desk, uncle, aunt, tomato.

Ex.5. Прочитайте та запам’ятайте правила вживання означеного артикля:

Артикль the вживається:

1) Коли говорять про єдиний у світі предмет — The sun is in the sky. the Earth— Земля (планета)

the Sun — Сонце (планета) the Moon [ mu:n] — Місяць (планета) the world — світ the sky [ skai] — небо.

2. Коли говорять про предмет або особу, єдину в цій обстановці: The pupil is in the classroom.

3. Коли про цей предмет вже згадувалось у розмові або розповіді і коли означений артикль означає "цей" (той самий). Please, send те the book.

4. 3 іменником, перед яким стоїть порядковий числівник. We are in the eleventh form.

5) 3 іменником, перед яким стоїть прикметник у найвищому ступені. A good student (гарний студент) — the best student (найкращий

студент).

6) У назвах річок, морів, океанів. The Black Sea, the Atlantic Ocean, the Dnipro, the Thames.

7) У виразах:

What is the time? — Котра година?

in the evening — увечері

in the morning — вранці

the day before yesterday — позавчора

the day after tomorrow — післязавтра

on the left — ліворуч

on the right — праворуч

in the afternoon — після полудня

to go to the theatre — ходити в театр

to go to the cinema — ходити в кіно

8. Перед прізвищами, коли йдеться про сім'ю: The Browns. (Сім'я Браунів) The Ivanovs. Іванови.

9. Перед назвами народів: The Ukrainians. — Українці. The English. — Англійці.

Ex.6. Заповніть пропуски артиклями a, an, the:

1.Give me ... pen. 2. Put ... pencil on ... table. 3. ... boy opened ... door and came into ... room. 4. There is ... bag under ... table. 5. Tom is ... driver. 6. What is Bill? — He is ... engineer. 7. ... puppy likes to run and jump. 8. I have bought ... interesting book. 9. I do not respect this boy. He is ... liar. 10. Would you like ... pear? 11. Could you shut ... window? 12. Could you tell me where is ... bus station? 13. There is ... small shop at ... end of ... street. 14. Can you recommend me ... good restaurant?

Домашнє завдання:

Ex.7. Заповніть пропуски артиклями:

1. ... night was still dark. 2. ... day was superb. Now ... desert was in its best, ... chill of ... night still lingering in ... magic air. 3. ... day was chill and there was ... promise of ... rain. 4. ... morning passed quickly and ... little before one o'clock Mor set out to ... luncheon. party. 5. Anyway she wouldn't come back in ... night. 6. She made ... beds and washed up ... breakfast things in ... morning. 7. She began to wake up by ... night. 8. We're sailing at ... dawn. 9. At ... sunrise Bart slipped quietly out of ... room. 10. I suppose he has left at ... daybreak.

Ex.8. Розкажіть про себе.

Ex.9. Вивчити правила вживання артиклів.

Питання дня самоконтролю:

1. Коли вживається неозначений артикль?

2. Коли вживається означений артикль?

3. Який артикль вживається з назвами річок, морів та океанів?

Unit.6. Вживання артиклів з абстрактними та власними іменами.

Ex.1. Прочитайте та запам’ятайте правила вживання артиклів з абстрактними та власними іменами:

- Незлічувальні абстрактні іменники, як правило, вживаються без артикля.

Then there was silence.

- Якщо абстрактний іменник має обмежувальне означення або уточнюється ситуацією, перед ним стоїть означений артикль:

The silence that followed his speech lasted several seconds.

- Якщо абстрактний іменник має означення, що виражає різновид якості, стану, почуття тощо, то він вживається з неозначеним артиклем:

There was a long silence.

• Прізвища та імена людей, а також клички тварин і птахів вживаються без артикля.

• Прізвища та імена людей, а також клички тварин і птахів вживаються з означеним артиклем, якщо вони мають означення: the hungry Tom

• Означений артикль вживається, коли прізвище стоїть у множині і позначає сім’ю в цілому – всіх членів сім’ї:

We will invite the Pavlenkos.

• Назви континентів, країн, міст і сіл вживаються без артикля окрім тих, що мають в своїх назвах слова, що означають збірне значення (union, republic, state, kingdom, federation,etc.)

• Назви океанів, морів, заток, проток, каналів і річок вживаються з означеним артиклем.

• Назви груп островів вживаються з означеним артиклем, а назви окремих гір, гірських вершин – без артикля.

• Назви вулиць, площ, парків вживаються без артикля.

• Назви театрів, кінотеатрів, концертних залів, клубів, картинних галерей, музеїв вживаються з означеним артиклем.

Назви організації і політичних партій вживаються з означеним артиклем.

Ex.2. Заповніть пропуски артиклями де це необхідно:

1. ... sand was special. Elsewhere around the airport on the roadways and areas which the public used, ... salt was added to ... sand as a means of melting ... ice. 2. There still had been ... snow then, ... snow that had ruined them. 3. Bart heard Jane calling him. It was ... water that he wanted. He remembered that he had forgotten to place ... water near the bed in the evening. 4. There was ... pain in her eyes that could hardly be seen without tears. 5. His frequent calls at Aunt Pitty's house was ... greatest humiliation of all. 6. He had taken ... news with ... equanimity that was again unnatural.

Ex.3. Заповніть пропуски артиклями де це необхідно:

1. In ... heart of ... England about 112 miles north-west of ... London, is ... Birmingham, ... city with over ... million of ... inhabitants. 2. ... country town of ... Yorkshire, is ... beautiful old city on ... river Ouse. 3. I had come back from ... Paris in ... morning. 4. She herself was returning from ... south of ... France. 5. He loved the past, ... old music and ... dances and ... customs of ... old England. 6. Over ... door there hung ... long photograph of ... city with ... waterways, which ... Agnes who had never been to ... Venice, took to be ... Venice, but which ... people who had been to ... Stockholm knew to be ... Stockholm. 7. His scheme was to reach ... sea and then get ... fisherman to take them across .., channel. 8. You have lately returned from ... East, I understand? 9. "I got back from ... North Africa nine months ago," he began and then stopped. 10. Do you remember ... panorama of ... Sahara desert? 11. In ... Great Britain at ... present there are three great political parties — ... Conservative, ... Labour and ... Liberal. 12. ... Alps are ... mountains in ... Switzerland, ... Italy, ... France and ... Austria. 13. ... London passed before me: ... Piccadilly, ... Shaftesbury Avenue, ... New Oxford Street. 14. I rented ... flat overlooking ... Hyde Park. 15. They came on to ... Waterloo Bridge. 16. ... Arloy Kear and I met on ... Friday at ... Victoria Station. 17. ... National Gallery is in ... Trafalgar Square. 18. High in the air ... Eiffel Tower cast out ... revolving beam. 19. ... clock in ... City struck some hour. Then other ... clocks followed. 20. We set off in ... direction of ... General Post Office.

Ex.4. Заповніть пропуски артиклями де це необхідно:

1. They travelled by car around ___Europe last month. 2.___Great American Lakes are___Lake Huron, ___Lake Superior,___Lake Ontario,___Lake Michigan and___Lake Erie. 3.___north of___Scotland is known for its wild beauty. 4. Are___Urals higher or lower than___Alps? 5. It was Burns who wrote "My heart's in ___Highlands". 6.___Mediterranean Sea washes___ Europe,___Asia and___northern coast of___Africa. 7. What oceans does___Panama Canal connect? — I suppose___Atlantic and___ Pacific Oceans. 8.___ Seine flows through___Paris to___Atlantic Ocean. 9. We get coffee mostly from ___ Brazil and ___ Columbia. 10.___Alaska is the biggest and coldest state in___USA. 11. Where are___Canaries situated? 12.___ United Kingdom consists of four parts:___England, ___Scotland, Wales and___Northern Ireland, or ___Ulster. 13.___Himalayas are the highest mountains in___Asia. 14.1 went to___German Republic last summer, but I haven't been to___Netherlands yet. Of course, I would like to see___Hague. 15.___Thames is not the longest river in___Great Britain but it is rather wide and navigable. 16.___America consists of two parts, ___South and North America, doesn't it? 17. In___north there are___Cheviots. These are the mountains which separate___England from___Scotland. 18.___Brazil is the largest country of___South America.___Amazon, the widest river in___world, flows there. 19. What city is the capital of___Philippines? 20.___Republic of China is the third largest country in___world after Russia and___Canada.

Ex.5. Заповніть пропуски артиклями де це необхідно:

1.___life is impossible without___water and___air. 2. You can't swim in the river,___water isn't warm enough. 3. She hurried in and found___coffee almost boiled away. 4.___oil is lighter than___water. 5. He has___deep knowledge in mathematics. 6, You can't do any work without ___knowledge. 7.___life is .___ complicated matter. 8,___Browns lived___quiet life somewhere in South Carolina, 9. The Moslems don't eat ___pork, 10.___water is precious in deserts and can be found in oases. 11. This is___coffee I am so fond of. I don't think there is___better coffee than this. 12,___ coffee is cultivated in the south of the island. 13. It seems to me Englishmen show___ deep distrust of strangers. 14. He wanted to give his son___ good education. 15.___ air was fresh and cool. 16. Nothing can travel faster than___light. 17. He can give you___good piece of ___advice. He is fond of giving.___advice. — But___ advice he gave us did not help. 18. The patient was making ___noticeable progress, 19, You can be satisfied with ___progress you have made. 20. Our plane ran into___ heavy weather.

Ex.6. Заповніть пропуски артиклями де це необхідно:

1. He had a headache and didn't go to ___work yesterday. 2. "What did you get in__„literature?" the mother asked her daughter when she came ___home from___school. 3. It was twelve o'clock but Andrew was still in___bed. 4, Could you give me a lift to___ college? 5. In summer they seldom go to___college. 6.1 like to stay at___home on cold evenings. 7. Have you heard anything from John lately? — Yes, he graduated from___Cambridge University. 8. The queen is going to open___new hospital in the capital next week. 9. Mom came to___school to see my teacher yesterday. 10. "You must do this exercise at___school and that one at___ home," said our teacher in a loud voice. 11.1 left my bag in___hospital when I was visiting Judy. 12. What a

strange building! — It's___prison. It was built in the last century. 13. When I came to___prison to see my cousin, I found out that he had escaped two days before. 14. Look at this man. Can you imagine that he was in ___prison five years ago? 15. Let's meet at___church. It's on the left of___university. 16.1 went to___church last Sunday but I couldn't pray. There were two many

people in___ church. 17. The doctor hoped that the patient would not stay in___bed for a long time. 18. Look at this ring. What a fine piece of___work! 19. They called a plumber to___prison to repair bad taps. 20. The parents were waiting for their children outside ___ school. 21. Oh, what___beautiful church! Let's go there to make some photos.

Ex.7. Заповніть пропуски артиклями де це необхідно:

1.___Mall is a wide avenue leading from___Trafalgar Square to___Buckingham Palace, the residence of the English kings. 2. The centre of___City is represented by three buildings:___Mansion House,___Royal Exchange and___Bank of___England. 3. When will he arrive at ___Heathrow airport? 4.___ Bolshoi Theatre is famous for its ballet performances. 5. What is on at ___ "Pushkinsky"? 6.___Princess Diana stayed at___Hilton Hotel. 7. People coming to London often do shopping in ___Oxford Street. 8.___London Zoo is situated in___. Regent Park in London. 9. If you are interested in churches and historical places, you should by no means see___ Westminster Abbey,___Houses of Parliament,___St. Paul's Cathedral and___Tower. 10.___British Museum is famous for its library, one of the richest in the world. 11. The English parks —___Hyde Park,___Kensington Gardens and___Kew Gardens where you forget that you are in the big city, struck me most of all. 12. Julius Caesar founded___Tower of London. 13. Across the road from Westminster Abbey is___Westminster Palace, the seat of___British Parliament. 14. My train leaves from ___Waterloo Station at 2.10 a.m. 15.___West End is the symbol of a wealthy and luxurious life. 16. If you like art galleries you should go to___National Gallery and ___Tate. 17. Where do you live? — I live in___High Street. 18. On ___ Wednesday ___ Financial Times published an article about the situation in___North Korea. 19. Are you going to stay at___St. Marcus Hotel? — No, at___Plaza Hotel. 20. If you want to do shopping, go to ___Oxford Street or___Bond Street.

Домашнє завдання:

Ex.8. Заповніть пропуски артиклями де це необхідно:

1. It was___evening. 2. It was___warm summer evening. 3.___evening was very pleasant. 4. Let's meet in___evening, I'll be very busy in___afternoon. 5. It was___early morning. 6. It snowed at___night. 7. We started early in ___ morning. 8. We were shivering though it was___warm night. 9. They got up at___ dawn. The sun was shining brightly, there were no clouds in the sky. But they started off late in___morning. 10. What do you usually do in___autumn? 11. Russians like___hard winter with plenty of___snow and___ frost. 12. Nature is so beautiful in___spring. 13. In this country___spring is rather wet,___summer is sometimes hot,___autumn is windy and muddy,__ winter is seldom cold and snowy. How can people live here? I prefer___summer all the year round. 14. She still remembers___autumn when he first told her of his love. 15. Nothing can be more beautiful than green forests in___early spring. 16 .It was___late autumn. 17.___autumn of 1996 was very warm and sunny. 18.___ spring and love make people feel young. 19.1 am going to France in___summer. 20. In Great Britain___winters are not severely cold, while___summers are rarely hot.

Ex.9. Вивчити правила вживання артиклів з абстрактними та власними іменами

Питання дня самоконтролю:

1. Коли вживається означений артикль перед абстрактними та власними іменами?

2. Коли не вживається артикль перед абстрактними та власними іменами?

3. Коли вживається неозначений артикль перед абстрактними та власними іменами?

Unit 7. Один день з мого життя. Відсутність артикля.

Ex.1.Прочитийте та вивчіть нові слова та вирази:

1. Working day- робочий день

2. Day off (week end)- вихідний

3. To wake up- просинатися

4. To get up- вставати

5. To wash oneself- вмиватися

6. Clean teeth- чистити зуби

7. do morning exercises-робити ранкову зарядку

8. make bed- застиляти ліжко

9. do shopping- робити покупки

10. go to bed-лягати спати

11. to be in a hurry- поспішати

12. Tasty смачний

13. To be free- бути вільним

14. To enjoy- насолоджуватись

Ex. 2. Прочитайте та перекладіть текст:

I’ll try to describe my typical working day, although every day has its variations.

I usually get up at 7 o’clock. I wash myself, clean my teeth and do my morning exercises. Then I make my bed and dress myself. I have breakfast at 8 o’clock. After that I go to school. I usually have 6 lessons. The first lesson starts at half past 8. The lessons are over at a quarter to 2. I come back home after classes at 2 o’clock. At first I have din­ner. I have to help my parents, so then I do shopping and clean my room. I dust furniture, vacuum the carpet and mop the floor.

I usually go shopping to the nearest supermarket. After that I do my homework. Then I have some free time. I can play football with my friends, read a book, play computer games or watch TV.

I have supper at 7 o’clock, when my parents come back home. After supper we tell each other how we spent a day and watch news or films on TV. Sometimes my dad and me play chess. I go to bed at 10 o’clock.

Ex.3. Дайте відповіді на питання:

1. Do you always get up at the same time on week days?

2. Do you use an alarm clock every morning?

3. Do you get up as soon as you wake up?

4. Do you do morning exercises regularly?

5. Do you make the bad before or after you have breakfast?

6. At what time do you usually come to college?

7. How many lessons do you have at college?

8. What do you do after classes?

9. What do you usually do in the evenings?

10. How do you help you parents about the house?

11. When do you go to bed?

Ex.4. Заповніть пропуски , використовуючи таблицю:

11 p.m. / on his homework / a glass of orange juice and an egg / at 8.30 a.m. Local bus / ten form student / suburb near Manchester / team-mates One day / finishes with / in the college canteen / 7.30 a.m.

Peter smith lives in _______1__ . He is a ____2_____. Every morning he gets up ________3___. He has ___4______ for breakfast and leaves the house ____5____ .

He goes to the college by a public transport. He usually has 4 lessons before lunch. He doesn’t take a packed lunch from home and prefers to eat ____6_____ .

He has 3 more classes after lunch and then plays football with his _____7__ .Peter is a promising football player and he dreams that ____8___ he will be invited to play for “Manchester United” .After his training he takes ___9____ to home and has dinner at about 7 o’clock. Peter doesn’t spend much time ___10____ and it is usually ready by 9 o’clock. His usual evening ___11____ watching TV or listening to the music of his favorite pop-groups. He goes to bed at ___12_____.

Ex. 5. Назвіть види діяльності, які ви виконуєте у свій вихідний день:

___________ morning_____________

___________ _____________

___________afternoon_____________

___________ ____________

___________evening ______________

___________ ____________

Ex. 6. Перекладіть наступні речення англійською мовою:

1. Більшість людей в Україні працюють 5 днів на тиждень, але іноді студенти мають 6 робочих днів.

2. У вихідні я не поспішаю зранку і можу поспати довше, ніж в інші дні.

3. Якщо погода тепла і сонячна, я зустрічаюсь зі своїми друзями і ми проводимо весело час.

4. Ми граємо в різні спортивні ігри на майданчику, гуляємо по парку чи ходимо в кінотеатр.

5. Коли погода погана, мої друзі приходять до мене і ми слухаємо музику та граємо в комп’ютерні ігри.

6. Перед тим, як іти спати, я готуюсь до наступного робочого дня.

7. Мені подобаються мої вихідні , тому що я дійсно відпочиваю.

Ex.7. Складіть діалог за темою заняття.