Вариант № 5

1. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое, определите его видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The chemical properties of an element are determined by the orbiting electrons.

2. This material is unaffected by solar radiation.

3. Many new experiments were made in their lab last year.

4. The first radio set of the Russian scientist A. Popov was demonstrated to a meeting of the Russian Physical and Chemical Society.

5. Many new discoveries will be made by our scientists next year.

2. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление формы Perfect (Present, Past) в действительном и страдательном залогах.

1. The radio has brought great changes to our life.

2. Lobachevski’s geometry had revolutionized mathematics and the philosophy of science.

3. Radioactive isotopes have been made in nuclear reaction.

4. I have already written my course - paper.

3. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол и его эквивалент. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The bus can not take any more passengers.

2. They had to begin their research in electrical engineering.

3. Will he able to meet these engineers at 4 o'clock?

4. You may leave your personal property in the locker.

4. Раскройте скобки и поставьте глаголы в соответствующем времени (Future Simple или Present Simple). Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. I (to be) very grateful to you if you (to dictate) this article to me.

2. After the TV programme (to end), he (to do) his homework.

3. They (to send) you a telegram as soon as they (to leave) Saransk.

4. If scientists (to use) the new methods, they (to have) better results.

5. Письменно переведите текст «A.S. Popov - Inventor of the radio»

6. Из приведенных вариантов ответа укажите номер предложения, содержащего правильный ответ на поставленный вопрос.

What problem was Popov interested in the greater part of his life?

1. ... the problem of the application of electromagnetic waves to internet.

2. ...the problem of the application of electromagnetic waves to wireless communication.

3. ... the problem of the application of solar radiation to wireless communication

A. S. Popov – inventor of the radio

The wireless receiving set or radio is one of the greatest achievements of human genius. Priority in the invention of radio belongs to the Russian scientist Popov. On the 7th of May we celebrate Radio Day because on that day in 1895 the Russian scientist Alexander Popov demonstrated his first radio set to a meeting of the Russian Physical and Chemical Society.

A. S. Popov was born in 1859 in the Urals. While at school he spent all his free time on physics and mathematics. He studied at St. Petersburg University and graduated from it with honors, but was not satisfied with the conditions of the laboratories of the University and accepted the post of teacher in the Mining

School¹ in Kroonstad. There he began his research in electrical engineering. The greater part of his life he devoted to the problem of the application of electromagnetic waves to wireless communication.

Popov worked on a sensitive receiving set which could pick up² even the weakest radio waves. The year of 1895 is considered to be the date of the invention of the radio when Popov demonstrated his radio receiving set in operation. By the end of the year he improved his apparatus. It was the first radio receiving set in the world.

Since then, the art of radio communication has progressed a great deal⁴. Many scientists and inventors made their contributions.

The radio has brought great changes to our life. At present Russia produces equipment

For powerful broadcasting and television centers, and for radio-relay stations, electronic computers, radar stations, telecontrol and telemetric systems, and other purposes.

NOTES:

1. the Mining School- минная школа

2. pick up - ловить

3. is considered to be - считается ^;

4. a great deal - много, значительно, сильно

Вариант № 6

1. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них глагол- сказуемое, определите его видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1) Elements are transformed into other elements both by man and by nature.

2) The launching of Sputnik 1 was followed by many achievements in science and engineering.

3. As a rule one great discovery is generally followed by numerous others.

4. His scientific work will much be spoken about.

5. Ernest Rutherford was sent to primary school when he was five.

2. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на употребление формы Perfect (Present, Past) в действительном и страдательном залогах.

1. The radar has been used for the automatic control of ground transport.

2. The atoms had always been regarded as the smallest indivisible units. 3) The splitting of the atom has opened to man a new and enormous source of energy.

4) They have just helped to do this work.

3. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол и его эквивалент. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The scientist was to make the experiments.

2. Later on he had to work at Manchester University.

3. He may share my opinion.

4) We can think of heat as a special form of Kinetic energy.

4. Раскройте скобки и поставьте глаголы в соответствующем времени (Future Simple или Present Simple). Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. When you (to ring up), I (to finish) my homework.

2. She (to wait) here until you (to get) back.

3. Before I (to go) to work, I (to have) a bath.

4) I (to give) you my address when I (to find) somewhere to live.

5. Письменно переведите текст «Ernest Rutherford»

6. Из приведенных вариантов ответа укажите номер предложения, содержащего правильный ответ на поставленный вопрос.

What did Rutherford's research show?

1. ... that the atom is made up of larger parts and its structure is very complex.

2. ... that the atom is made up of smaller parts and that its structure is very complex.

3. ... that the atom is made up of smaller parts and that its structure is very simple.

Ernest Rutherford (1871-1937)

Ernest Rutherford was born in South Island, New Zealand, in the family of English settlers. He was sent to primary school when he was five. During his studies in the secondary school, he distinguished himself in physics. Later he went to Cambridge, where he continued scientific research. After graduation he occupied a research chair in physics¹ at Montréal University in Canada and lectured at leading universities in the United States and Britain. Later on he worked at Manchester University.

Rutherford’s famous work is « The Scattering of Alpha and Beta Particles of Matter and the Structure of the Atom»² .

The atom had always been regarded as the smallest indivisible unit³ of which matter was composed. Rutherford's research showed that the atom is made up of smaller parts and that its structure is very complex. The structure of the atom resembles the solar system, with a central nucleus and a number of electrons revolving around it. Rutherford showed that the atom can be bombarded by neutrons so that the electrons can be thrown off and the nucleus itself can be broken, or «spilt».In the -process of splitting the nucleus, matter is converted into energy.

The splitting of the atom has opened to man a new and enormous source of energy. At the same time, however, it has brought about a threat of a destructive nuclear war, during which humanity can kill itself and destroy the planet. That is why it is so important for the people of the world to concentrate their efforts on establishing good understanding and lasting peace on the Earth.

Notes:

1. Occupied a research chair in physics - занимал кафедру исследовательской физики.

2. «The Scattering of Alpha and Beta Particles of Matter and the Structure of the Atom» - «Рассеивание альфа и бета частиц материи и структура атома».

3. Indivisible units - неделимые частицы.