Garlic (Alllum sativum)

The use of garlic is so varied and effective that its spread from country to country can surprise no one. As oriel of the oldest known medicinal herbs, garlic has left iisl fraces not only in ancient Egypt, Greece and Rome, but also, in the Orient and in China. Botanists, together with etymologists have discovered that the Chinese knew garlic at the time of the first Chinese written characters (or letters of the alphabet), because one character represents its Chinese name — suan.

However, it is believed that garlic did not originate in China, but Siberia. From there it spread to the Mediterranean, to Sicily, and beyond.

Garlic is believed to improve both people's physical and mental strength. It fortified Roman soldiers before a battle, Greek athletes before a race. It was chewed by the workers building the pyramids who needed every ounce of strength.

As me ancient scholar Pliny the Elder reports, garlic is a cure for colds, ulcers, snake bite, measles, and another 60 ailments and injuries. Garlic was also eagerly sought during dangerous outbreaks of cholera.

Recent research has justified many of these claims. It was proved in 1954 that garlic juice kills bacteria in only three minutes. Unfortunately, these excellent effects are accompanied by a strong smell which is releases when the bulb is crushed, though it can be moderated by drinking milk. Garlic also contains a number of important minerals, including calcium, iron and iodine. It is used to relieve high blood pressure, hardening of the arteries and heart and intestinal difficulties. It also protects people from infectious diseases. So while garlic has rid us of spirits and evil vampires, its campaign against illnesses goes on.

2. Make up the questions to underlined words:

1. The use oа garlic is varied and effective.

1.___________________________________________________

2. Botanists and etymologists have discovered that the Chinese knew garlic at the time of the first Chinese written characters.

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3. Garlic originated in Siberia.

1.____________________________________________________

4. Ancient people believed that evil spirits were chased away by the strong aroma of garlic.

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2.____________________________________________________

5. Garlic improves both people’s physical and mental strength.

1.____________________________________________________

6. Garlic was used during outbreaks of cholera.

1.____________________________________________________

2.____________________________________________________

7. It was proved in 1954 that garlic juice kills bacteria in three minutes.

1.____________________________________________________

8. Garlic contains calcium, iron, iodine.

1.____________________________________________________

9. Garlic is used to relieve high blood pressure, heart, intestine difficulties.

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Task II.

Read and translate the text “Professor Lesgaft’s Scientific Research”

Anatomist – анатом

Physical culture – фізичне виховання

Surgery – хірургія

Foreign languages – іноземні мови

Basis of Theoretical Anatomy – Основи теоретичної анатомії

Muscles – м’язи

Muscular fibers –м’язові волокна

Nerve fibers- нервові волокна