9. Переведите предложения.

1. В работе фармацевтической конференции принимали участие многие русские известные ученые.

2. Этот ученый работает над некоторыми проблемами анализа элективных сердечных лекарств.

3. Он читает лекции по аналитической химии.

10. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст.

Ester

It has already been explained, that an ester is the product formed, by the reversible reaction between an acid and an alcohol. If an acid and an alcohol are mixed a condition of equilibrium will eventually be set up when the rates of the direct reaction (esterification) and the reverse reaction (hydrolysis) are equal. It follows from the law of mass action that an in­crease in the molecular concentration of anyone of the reacting substances will displace the equilibrium in the opposite direction. Any excess of water will diminish the proportion of ester present at equilibrium. Consequently, in the preparation of esters, it is necessary as a rule to use the anhydrous acid and alcohol in order to obtain good yields, and the reaction is usually carried out in the presence of an acid catalyst (concentrated sulphuric acid or dry hydrogen chloride)

v An ester may be almost completely hydrolysed if it is heated with wa­ter, provided that a large enough proportion of water is used. The hydroly­sis is usually slow, bat is catalysed by acids, It becomes complete if a dilute solution of an alkali is used instead of water, for the acid produced by hy­drolysis is neutralized by the alkali as fast as it is formed, and so can take no further part in the reaction.

Most esters of organic acids are pleasant-smelling volatile liquids and many of them are used in perfumery and in the production of artificial fla­vouring agents. Ethyl acetate is a typical example of an ester of an organic acid. It is formed when acetyl chloride or acetic anhydride acts on ethyl alcohol.

Ethyl acetate is prepared by the interaction of alcohol and glacial acid in the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid.

Ethyl acetate is a colourless, mobile liquid, with a pleasant, fruity odour. Its weight per ml is 0.9 and it boils at 77°. It is soluble in water, and is miscible with alcohol, ether and chloroform, forming neutral solutions. When ethyl acetate is boiled, with water under reflux condensation, it slowly undergoes hydrolysis.

ВАРИАНТ 6

1. Перепишите следующие предложения. Определите по грам­матическим признаках, какой частью речи являются слова, оформ­ленные окончанием s, и какую функцию это окончание выполняет.

Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Automatic devices make labour safer and easier.

2. She does twice as much work as you.

3. His story is much more interesting than yours.

2. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, обра­щая внимание на особенности перевода на русский язык определений, выраженных именем существительным.

1. My future profession is the most important in the world.

2. The working day of a district doctor starts at 8 o’clock.

3. Adult life is full of duties.