- •Contents
- •Grammar Terms Glossary ……………………………………………………………. … 88 parts of speech
- •Parts of Speech Poem
- •Structural classification of the sentence
- •A noun
- •A pronoun
- •Part 1.
- •Simple verbal predicates
- •Simple nominal predicates
- •Compound verbal aspect predicates
- •The predicate
- •V erbal nominal verbal nominal
- •Compound nominal predicates
- •Predicatives
- •Link verbs
- •Mixed kinds of predicates
- •Her dream came true
- •Subject-predicate agreement
- •In addition to
- •Including
- •The number # a number
- •Refrain
- •Refrain
- •Refrain
- •Secondary members of the sentence
- •Ways of expressing the object
- •Find the objects, define their types and write the numbers of the sentences in the corresponding column of the chart;
- •Match the objects of the sentences with the parts of speech they are expressed by.
- •The attribute
- •The apposition
- •Apposition
- •The adverbial modifier
- •Independent elements of the sentence
- •I ndependent Elements of the Sentence
- •Interjection Direct Address Parenthesis
- •Word order
- •Objects
- •Impersonal sentences
- •Functions of the verbs “to be” and “to have” in the sentence
- •T o have
- •Imperative sentences
- •Pronouns
- •P ronouns
- •1. Personal Pronouns
- •2. Possessive Pronouns
- •3. Reflexive Pronouns
- •4. Reciprocal Pronouns
- •5. Demonstrative Pronouns
- •Desmond’s Day
- •6. Indefinite Pronouns
- •7. Negative Pronouns
- •8. Interrogative Pronouns
- •Which and who.
- •9. Conjunctive Pronouns
- •10. Relative Pronouns
- •11. Universal Pronouns
- •12. Detaching Pronouns
- •Part b.
- •The noun
- •Structural (Morphological) Classification of Nouns
- •Semantic Classification of Nouns
- •Plural of nouns
- •Regular formation
- •Nouns ending in –y
- •4. Nouns ending in –o
- •5. Nouns ending in –f
- •6. Traditional exceptions.
- •7. Nouns that have no separate plural form
- •Nouns meaning nationality,
- •Nouns meaning some special technical terms
- •8. Nouns of Greek and Latin origin
- •9. Nouns used only in the Singular Form (Singularia Tantum) or agreeing with singular verbs
- •Names of sciences and other fields of people’s activity that end in -ics,
- •Abstract notions (uncountable nouns),
- •10. Nouns used only in the Plural Form (PluraliaTantum)
- •11. Collective Nouns
- •Collective Nouns
- •12. Compound nouns
- •13. Proper nouns
- •Part 1
- •Part 2
- •Noun quantifiers
- •The possessive case of nouns (the genitive case) Formation of the Possessive Case
- •Use of the Possessive Case
- •How to say numbers
- •The goblet of fire breaks records in the u.S. And britain
- •The adjective Semantic Classification
- •Structural Classification
- •Degrees of comparison of adjectives
- •Irregular formation (traditional exceptions),
- •Spelling:
- •Very much nicer a lot happier a little less expensive slightly
- •Patterns of comparison
- •Sensible similes
- •More ways of comparisons
- •The adverb
- •A dverbs
- •Order of adverbs
- •Rather – quite - pretty
- •Degrees of comparison of adverbs
A noun
a noun in the common case, e.g. The sea is calm tonight. Anna sings beautifully.
a noun in the possessive case, e.g. Anna’s was the best voice of all.
a noun group, Paul and Vera are my best friends. The blue of the sky showed that it was morning already.
a substantivized adjective, e.g. The old and the young must be helped by the society.
a numeral, e.g.
Thirteen is my favourite number. (cardinal numeral)
The third was our bus. (ordinal numeral)
A pronoun
a personal pronoun, e.g. She is my sister. We were really happy.
a possessive pronoun in its absolute form, e.g. Theirs was a happy marriage.
an indefinite pronoun, e.g. Anyone can do it, it’s easy.
a demonstrative pronoun, e.g. That was not true.
a negative pronoun, e.g. No one knew the truth.
an interrogative pronoun, e.g. Who has been sitting on my chair and has broken it?
a detaching pronoun, e.g. The other is better.
a universal pronoun, e.g. All is well that ends well.
an infinitive or an infinitive phrase, e.g. To live is to love. To forgive that was impossible.
a gerund or a gerundial phrase, e.g. Seeing is believing. Sleeping all the time is wasting your life.
dummy subjects ‘it’ and ‘there’, e.g. It is never late to learn. There is many a slip between the cup and the lip.
a quotation, e.g. ‘Daddy’ is one of Danielle Steel’s romantic novels.
a subject clause, e.g. What is done cannot be undone.
**TASK 11. Find the subject of the sentence and match it with the parts of speech given below.
Part 1.
The fog is thinning. a) an adjective;
My sister’s sons are playing now. b) a possessive pronoun;
The unbelievable has happened. c) an interrogative pronoun;
Is she really very beautiful? d) a noun;
That was the last straw. e) a demonstrative pronoun;
Kate’s is not this book, it’s that. f) a negative pronoun;
7. Nothing comes from nothing. g) a subject group/ a noun group;
8. One learns by experience. h) a personal pronoun;
9. Hers was the final judgment. i) a noun in the possessive case;
10. Who told you this? j) an indefinite pronoun.
Part 2.
11. Four and four is eight. k) an infinitive phrase;
The third was a young man. l) a quotation;
To understand is to forgive. m) a cardinal numeral;
To deny the past is to deny the future. n) a gerundial phrase;
Talking mends no holes. o) an ordinal numeral;
Gardening after work is my father’s hobby. p) a subject clause;
That he will be on time is not very likely. q) a dummy subject “there”;
“How do you do?” is not an everyday r) an infinitive
greeting in modern English.
It’s no use crying over the spilt milk. s) a dummy subject “it”;
There was nothing to say or to do. t) a gerund