- •Contents
- •Grammar Terms Glossary ……………………………………………………………. … 88 parts of speech
- •Parts of Speech Poem
- •Structural classification of the sentence
- •A noun
- •A pronoun
- •Part 1.
- •Simple verbal predicates
- •Simple nominal predicates
- •Compound verbal aspect predicates
- •The predicate
- •V erbal nominal verbal nominal
- •Compound nominal predicates
- •Predicatives
- •Link verbs
- •Mixed kinds of predicates
- •Her dream came true
- •Subject-predicate agreement
- •In addition to
- •Including
- •The number # a number
- •Refrain
- •Refrain
- •Refrain
- •Secondary members of the sentence
- •Ways of expressing the object
- •Find the objects, define their types and write the numbers of the sentences in the corresponding column of the chart;
- •Match the objects of the sentences with the parts of speech they are expressed by.
- •The attribute
- •The apposition
- •Apposition
- •The adverbial modifier
- •Independent elements of the sentence
- •I ndependent Elements of the Sentence
- •Interjection Direct Address Parenthesis
- •Word order
- •Objects
- •Impersonal sentences
- •Functions of the verbs “to be” and “to have” in the sentence
- •T o have
- •Imperative sentences
- •Pronouns
- •P ronouns
- •1. Personal Pronouns
- •2. Possessive Pronouns
- •3. Reflexive Pronouns
- •4. Reciprocal Pronouns
- •5. Demonstrative Pronouns
- •Desmond’s Day
- •6. Indefinite Pronouns
- •7. Negative Pronouns
- •8. Interrogative Pronouns
- •Which and who.
- •9. Conjunctive Pronouns
- •10. Relative Pronouns
- •11. Universal Pronouns
- •12. Detaching Pronouns
- •Part b.
- •The noun
- •Structural (Morphological) Classification of Nouns
- •Semantic Classification of Nouns
- •Plural of nouns
- •Regular formation
- •Nouns ending in –y
- •4. Nouns ending in –o
- •5. Nouns ending in –f
- •6. Traditional exceptions.
- •7. Nouns that have no separate plural form
- •Nouns meaning nationality,
- •Nouns meaning some special technical terms
- •8. Nouns of Greek and Latin origin
- •9. Nouns used only in the Singular Form (Singularia Tantum) or agreeing with singular verbs
- •Names of sciences and other fields of people’s activity that end in -ics,
- •Abstract notions (uncountable nouns),
- •10. Nouns used only in the Plural Form (PluraliaTantum)
- •11. Collective Nouns
- •Collective Nouns
- •12. Compound nouns
- •13. Proper nouns
- •Part 1
- •Part 2
- •Noun quantifiers
- •The possessive case of nouns (the genitive case) Formation of the Possessive Case
- •Use of the Possessive Case
- •How to say numbers
- •The goblet of fire breaks records in the u.S. And britain
- •The adjective Semantic Classification
- •Structural Classification
- •Degrees of comparison of adjectives
- •Irregular formation (traditional exceptions),
- •Spelling:
- •Very much nicer a lot happier a little less expensive slightly
- •Patterns of comparison
- •Sensible similes
- •More ways of comparisons
- •The adverb
- •A dverbs
- •Order of adverbs
- •Rather – quite - pretty
- •Degrees of comparison of adverbs
Mixed kinds of predicates
There exist some mixed kinds of predicates whose types are determined by the first type of predicate,
e.g. You really ought to stop smoking. = compound modal aspect predicate
The boy continued to be happy the whole week. = compound aspect nominal predicate
John just had to be the first in that competition. = compound modal nominal predicate
*TASK 12. Choose the correct part of speech after the verb.
Lilies smell (sweet/sweetly).
This sauce tastes (odd/oddly).
These diamond earrings feel very (well/good) on my ears.
The dog smelled the flower (cautiously/cautious).
The boys felt (happy/happily) when the teacher forgot to give them their homework.
This mushroom pizza tastes (terrifically/ terrific).
The piano sounds (well/good) tonight.
I felt my way (cautiously/cautious) through the darkened room.
Pat looked most ( beautiful/beautifully) at the party yesterday.
The old man tasted the hot tea (careful/carefully).
**TASK 13. Find the predicatives in the sentence given below and match them with the parts of speech in the right-hand column.
Jane’s mother was a widow. a) a participle I
The book on the table was Victor’s. b) a gerund
Lily’s dress looked very smart. c) an infinitive
Dan felt delighted. d) a numeral
Is this book his? e) a noun
Who is he? f) a personal pronoun
My grandpa will be 70 next year. g) a predicative clause
To live is to love. h) an adlink
His passion is fishing; mine is doing nothing. i) a quotation
The news sounded distressing. j) an adjective
Kate was very much afraid. k) a participle II
That’s what she told me. l) a noun in the possessive case
The title of the book was “The Black Arrow”. m) a possessive pronoun
**TASK 14. Find the predicates in the sentences below and decide if they are defined in the right or wrong way. Tick the corresponding column. Correct the wrong definitions.
No |
Sentence |
Type of the predicate |
Right |
Wrong |
1 |
She will be able to do this work only tomorrow. |
simple verbal |
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2. |
The frog leapt off and disappeared in the grass. |
simple verbal |
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3 |
Mary kept doing her work without looking at us. |
compound aspect |
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4 |
The fault was not mine, it was hers. |
simple verbal |
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5 |
Sally, a governess! |
simple nominal |
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6 |
She was taught German in her childhood. |
compound nominal |
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7 |
He had to bite his lip, not to laugh. |
compound modal |
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8 |
The house looked sweet and cheerful. |
compound aspect |
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9 |
He will be a good painter. |
simple verbal |
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10 |
Grace was 65 and still beautiful. |
compound nominal |
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11 |
Should you report to your boss immediately? |
compound aspect |
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12 |
The theatre was being reconstructed when we came to the city. |
compound nominal |
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13 |
Anna’s eyes grew moist. |
compound nominal |
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14. |
How long has she been speaking on the phone? |
simple verbal |
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15 |
She doesn’t like to give her books to other people. |
compound aspect |
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**TASK 15. Find all the predicates in the text given below and identify their types.