- •Вантажні перевезення
- •Unit 1 the role of transportation in logistics chain
- •1 Here are the answers to some questions from the text. What are the questions?
- •2 Find Ukrainian equivalents in b to English phrases in a.
- •3 Study the following:
- •4 Translate the sentences into English. Pay attention to the choice of words above mentioned.
- •5 Read the text and fill in the gaps with phrases from the box above the text. Translate the text.
- •7 Translate the pairs of word combinations. Pay attention to noun-noun structure.
- •Unit 2 the essentials of freight transportation
- •2 The following words in column a are often misused. Study the words and their definitions in column b.
- •3 Fill in the gaps with words from Exercise 2.
- •4 Think about the functions of freight transportation and complete the chart below.
- •5 Study the following:
- •6 Translate the following sentences into English choosing from goods, merchandise, commodity or wares.
- •Intermodal transportation (Part I)
- •1 Are the following statements true or false, according to the text?
- •2 Study the following phrases, recall the sentences in which they are used in the text and use them in sentences of your own.
- •3 Find antonyms in a and b.
- •4 Read the sentences and fill in the gaps with prepositions from the box below. Translate the sentences.
- •5 Translate the following sentences into English:
- •6 Read the text and fill in the gaps with words from the box below and translate the text.
- •Intermodal transportation (Part II)
- •1 Add the necessary words to make up questions with the following cues and then answer the questions.
- •2 Draw a diagram of a multimodal chain of container-transportation services and explain the process of intermodal freight transportation.
- •3 Complete the table. Put a stress mark in front of the stressed syllable in each word.
- •4 Complete the gaps with words from Exercise 3. Pay attention to the grammatical context.
- •5 Study the following:
- •6 Translate into Ukrainian.
- •8 Translate into English.
- •Unit 5 history of intermodal freight transport
- •Answer the questions.
- •2 Match the English words in a with the Ukrainian equivalents in b.
- •3 Find Ukrainian equivalents in b to English phrases in a.
- •4 What do the following numbers in the text refer to?
- •5 Study the following and find sentences with participles in the text.
- •6 Study the table in Exercise 5. Complete the sentences. Use the correct forms of participle.
- •7 Study the table in Exercise 5. Translate the sentences into English. Use participles.
- •Unit 6
- •Intermodal vehicles
- •1 Read the paragraphs about rail transport and answer the questions.
- •2 Are the following statements true or false, according to the paragraphs about container ships, trucking and barges?
- •3 Find Ukrainian equivalents in b to English phrases in a.
- •4 Study the following:
- •5 Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian:
- •6 Study the following:
- •7 Translate the sentences. Use passive infinitive.
- •Unit 7 containers
- •1 Here are the answers to some questions from the text. What are the questions?
- •2 Complete the definitions using the information from the text.
- •3 Match the English words in a with the Ukrainian equivalents in b.
- •4 Study the following about numbers:
- •5 Practise saying the following numbers:
- •6 Read the text and fill in the gaps with the words from the box below. Translate the text.
- •Double-stacked container transport
- •Unit 8 types of containers
- •Fig.1 Types of Containers
- •1 Answer the following questions:
- •2 Match the descriptions of a material (column a) with its name (column b).
- •3 Read the text and fill in the gaps with the words from the box below and translate the text.
- •4 Match the phrases in a with their Ukrainian equivalents in b.
- •5 Translate into English.
- •Unit 9 high-cube and hard –top containers
- •1 Choose the correct answer.
- •2 Match the phrases in a with their Ukrainian equivalents in b.
- •3 Do Exercise 4. Put the verbs in brackets in the correct form.
- •5 Translate the following sentences into English:
- •Unit 10 refrigerated containers
- •1 Answer the questions.
- •2 Find Ukrainian equivalents in b to English phrases in a.
- •3 Study the following:
- •4 Translate the sentences into Ukrainian paying attention to the usage of the preposition for followed by the infinitive.
- •6 Fill in relative pronouns and translate the sentences.
- •Unit 11 open-top, tank containers and flatracks
- •1 Add the necessary words to make up questions with the following cues and then answer the questions.
- •2 Match a line in a with a line in b.
- •3 In the following lists of four words the pronunciation of a letter or a combination of letters in one word is different. The two vowel sounds are given to help you.
- •4 Find synonyms in a and b.
- •5 Fill in the gaps with words from exercises 3 and 4.
- •6 Translate into English.
- •Unit 12 coordination of container transport
- •1 Here are the answers to some questions from the text. What are the questions?
- •2 Match the English words in a with the Ukrainian words in b.
- •3 Fill in the gaps with words from Exercise 2.
- •4 Underline the stressed syllables.
- •Unit 13 a satellite navigation system
- •1 Answer the questions.
- •2 Find in the text English equivalents to the following Ukrainian phrases:
- •3 Complete the gaps with the words from Exercise 4. Pay attention to the grammatical context.
- •4 Match a line in a with a line in b.
- •5 Study the following:
- •6 Choose un-, in-, il-, non-, or im- to form the opposites of the following words:
- •7 Read the text and fill in the gaps with words from the box above the text. Translate the text.
- •Transport hub
- •Unit 14
- •Interaction between fleet manager and site manager
- •1 Add the necessary words to make up questions with the following cues and then answer the questions.
- •2 Find Ukrainian equivalents in b to English phrases in a.
- •3 Study the following:
- •5 Translate the following sentences into English.
- •Unit 15
- •Internal and external costs of freight transport
- •4 Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian:
- •2 Fill in the gaps with words from Exercise 1. Pay attention to the grammatical context.
- •3 Read the text and complete the chart.
- •4 Do Exercise 3. Retell the text. Unit 16 Environmental impact of road freight transport
- •1 Are the following statements true or false, according to the text?
- •2 Find Ukrainian equivalents in b to English phrases in a.
- •3 Discuss the best ways of reducing environmental impact of road freight transport in major cities.
- •4 Study the following phrases with prepositions and recall the sentences in which they are used in the text:
- •5 Translate into English.
- •6 Choose the right form to fill in the gaps.
- •Unit 17 rail freight transport
- •5 Find English equivalents of Ukrainian verbs. Pay attention to the prepositions:
- •6 Translate the sentences using the verbs from Exercise 5
- •Unit 18 rail freight service in great britain
- •1 Answer the questions.
- •2 What do the following numbers in the text refer to?
- •3 Find Ukrainian equivalents in b to English phrases in a.
- •4 Match a line in a with a line in b.
- •5 Fill in the gaps with words from Exercise 4. Pay attention to the grammatical context.
- •6 Read the text and fill in the gaps with the prepositions from the box below. Translate the text.
- •Unit 19 freight on british rail and the channel tunnel
- •1 Answer the questions.
- •2 Find synonyms in a and b.
- •3 Match the phrases in a with their Ukrainian equivalents in b.
- •4 Match a word in a with its definition in b.
- •5 Fill in the gaps with the words from Exercise 4.
- •6 Find the sentences in the text used in the Present Indefinite Tense (Passive).
- •7 Rewrite the following sentences in the Present Simple Passive and translate the sentences.
- •Unit 20 the near future of the freight movements
- •Answer the questions.
- •2 Find synonyms in a and b.
- •3 Match the words in a with their synonyms in b.
- •4 Write the summary of the text using the following „scheme”:
- •5 Translate into English.
- •References
4 Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian:
A modern air cargo centre in Frankfurt is reported to be the largest air freight transshipment site both in Europe and in the world.
Containerization proves to mean the distributing of merchandise in a unitized form.
To keep the model calculations manageable, a cycle-time of 10 to 20 minutes seems to be appropriate.
Airfreight rates are reported to have increased twice.
Fragile goods were supposed to have been shipped by a local company.
The commodity was said to have been delivered in time.
One of the youngest forms of transport is known to be air transport.
The middle of the 19th century proved to be the highest point in the development of sailing ships.
The container market is believed to have been earning high profit for many years.
At the end of the 15th century, sailing vessels are known to have carried supplies from Europe to America.
5 Translate the following sentences into English.
Відомо, що авіаперевезення є найдорожчим способом транспортування вантажів.
Повідомляють, що час прибуття потяга було змінено.
Відомо, що керівник парку автотранспортних засобів виступає генеральним координатором вантажоперевезень.
Кажуть, що все більше перевізників використовують своє завантажувально-розвантажувальне обладнання.
Здається, що взаємодія між керівниками є достатньо ефективною.
Кажуть, що вони знайшли відповідний компроміс.
Відомо, що керівник парку автотранспортних засобів і керівники на місцях потребують попереджувальних управлінських дій.
Повідомляють, що потреба в транспортних засобах значно зросла.
Вважають, що обмеження максимального навантаження є головною метою керівників.
Відомо, що зменшення руху порожнього транспорту є необхідним для ефективного вантажоперевезення.
Повідомляють, що вантажі були доставлені вчасно.
Unit 15
Internal and external costs of freight transport
Two-thirds of the freight tonnage moved in the UK goes by road. The economy and social well-being are critically dependent on the road haulage system. Most of the cost of this system is born by lorry operators and passed on to customers. Some of the wider environmental and congestion costs, however, are imposed on the community at large.
Internal costs, sometimes referred to as market costs, are the costs born directly by road freight transport operators. These costs consist of operating costs and capital investments in facilities and vehicles which eventually need to be replaced. Operating costs are closely related to the level of haulage activity and include fuel, labour, repair and maintenance, infrastructure charges, taxes, insurance and depreciation. In the UK, vehicle operating cost tables are compiled by the Freight Transport Association, Road Haulage Association and industry publications.
The adverse impacts of road freight transport impose external or non-market costs which are not born by those who generate the road freight traffic but by society as a whole. External costs relate to the negative effects of air pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, noise, accidents and congestion. Lorries` contribution to the cost of providing, operating and maintaining road infrastructure is not an externality as such, but has to be calculated to determine its share of road freight taxation. It is out of the remaining taxes that the environmental and congestion costs should be recovered. Hence, externalities are not normally taken into account in the decisions made by transport users.
1 Read the text and say what the word is.
A person or company that buys goods or services |
SUCOTEMR |
The business of carrying goods by road or railway |
GEALUAH |
The process of becoming less valuable |
REPEDCIANOTI |
An amount of money you have to pay to the government |
AXT |
A substance that produces heat or power when it is burned |
LEUF |
The process of sending gas, light, or heat into the air |
SIMESION |
A situation in which a place is crowded with people or vehicles |
GENOCTISON |
The process of damaging the air, water, or land with chemicals or other substances |
LOPLUNOIT |
An arrangement in which you regularly pay a company an amount of money so that they will give you money if smth you own is damaged, lost, or stolen |
RAUSNECIN |
The work that is done to keep a building,machine,or piece of equipment repaired and in good condition |
ANECNMINATE |