- •The abc of modern english grammar: a key to successful communication
- •Unit 1. Singular and plural
- •1.1. Give the plurals of the following nouns.
- •1.2. Rewrite these sentences in the plural.
- •1.3. Complete these sentences with a singular or a plural count noun.
- •1.4. Complete these sentences with a singular or a plural verb.
- •1.5. Choose the correct answer.
- •1.8. Use these plural nouns to complete the sentences that follow.
- •1.9. Use these collective nouns to complete the sentences that follow.
- •1.6. Complete these sentences by adding the names given. Use each name twice.
- •1.7. Use the singular nouns below to complete the sentences which follow.
- •1.10. Choose the correct phrase to answer each of the questions below.
- •1.11. Render the sentences into English.
- •Unit 2. Numerals
- •2.1. Say the following numerals in English.
- •2.2. Say the following dates in English.
- •2.3. “What time is it?”
- •2.4. Match the questions with the appropriate answers. Practise saying the numbers.
- •2.5. Find the errors in these statements and correct them.
- •2.6. Country statistics
- •2.7. Give an English equivalent for the underlying sentences.
- •Unit 3. Quantifiers
- •3.1. Complete these sentences by using “some” or “any”.
- •3.2. Rewrite these sentences using “some” or “any”.
- •3.3. Choose the best alternative.
- •3.4. Complete the sentences using some, any or no. More than one answer may be possible.
- •3.5. Complete the sentences using a word from the box. There is one word you shouldn’t use. More than one answer may be suitable. Give all possible alternatives.
- •3.6. Choose the correct word in each sentence.
- •3.7. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence.
- •3.8. Rewrite each sentence so that it has a similar meaning and contains the word in bold.
- •3.9. Complete the sentences using much, many or a lot of. More than one answer may be possible.
- •3.10. Complete the sentences using a little, a few, little or few.
- •3.11. Choose the correct answer.
- •3.12. Complete these sentences using “little” or “few”.
- •3.13. Complete these sentences using “a little” or “a few”.
- •3.14. Complete these sentences using “a few”, “a little”, “very few”, “very little”.
- •3.15. Find the errors in these sentences. Rewrite each sentence.
- •3.16. Choose the best alternative in each case.
- •3.17. Choose the best alternative.
- •3.18. Complete these sentences using the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
- •3.19. Complete the following sentences with something, nothing, everything or anything.
- •3.20. Choose the best alternative.
- •3.21. Complete each sentence with one suitable word.
- •3.22. Complete these sentences using the determiners given in brackets.
- •3.23. Put these expressions into the table. Some go into more than one place.
- •3.24. Geography game
- •3.25. Give an English equivalent for these sentences.
- •Unit 4. Count and uncount nouns
- •4.1. Use these uncount nouns to complete the sentences below.
- •4.2. List these words in two columns side by side, one for uncountables and one for countables. Then join the words which have similar meaning.
- •4.3. Put the underlying words under three headings: countable, uncountable, or both.
- •4.4. Decide whether these sentences need the indefinite article a (an).
- •4.5. Correct the mistakes in these sentences.
- •4.10. Use these phrases with “the” and an uncount noun to complete the sentences which follow.
- •4.11. Choose the correct word or phrase in each sentence.
- •4.12. Put one word in each space. Put a dash (-) if the space should be blank.
- •4.13. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence and contains the word in bold.
- •4.14. Choose the best alternative to complete each sentence.
- •4.15. Choose the most suitable word in each sentence.
- •4.16. Complete each sentence with a suitable word from the box.
- •4.17. Complete each sentence with one suitable word.
- •4.18. Suggest the English for the sentences.
- •Unit 5. The imperative and “let”. Emphatic “do / does”
- •5.6. Supply the English for the sentences.
- •Unit 6. Word order
- •6.1. Read the following sentences and write down their structure using the letters s (for Subject), V (for Verb), o (for Object), and a (for Adverbial).
- •6.2. Change the meaning of these sentences by changing the subject and the object.
- •6.3. Put the adverbs given into the correct place. More than one answer may be suitable.
- •6.4. Put these words and phrases in the right order to make sentences.
- •Consolidation of Part 1 and Part 2
- •Recommended learning resources Reference and grammar books
- •Dictionaries
- •Internet resources
Unit 5. The imperative and “let”. Emphatic “do / does”
REFERENCE
A The imperative (Повелительное наклонение)
Form
AFFIRMATIVE |
NEGATIVE |
Bring me some water, please. |
Don’t talk so loud, please. |
Take your shoes off. |
Don’t smoke when the children are here. |
Remind her to come in good time. |
Don’t ask them to help us. |
Повелительное наклонение используется для просьб и приказов.
B “let” and “let’s”
Глагольные формы let и let’s являются формами повелительного наклонения. Let используется в значении разрешить, позволить и с точки зрения формы не отличается от других глаголов в повелительном наклонении. Глагольная форма let’s используется при обращении к группе лиц, включая себя (т. е. в 1-м лице множественного числа) для предложения совместной деятельности. На русский язык переводится как давай/давайте сделаем что-либо. Отрицательная форма – let’s not. Русский эквивалент – давай/давайте не будем делать чего-либо. Ср.:
Let them come earlier, please.
Don’t let them phone so late.
Let’s go out and enjoy ourselves.
Let’s not bother them. They are busy.
NB После глагола let (let’s/let’s not) частица to не используется:
Let
them
to talk to
anyone they like.
Let them talk to anyone they like.
Don’t
let
them to
watch
the horror film.
Don’t let them watch the horror film.
Let’s
to
make
a cake by ourselves.
Let’s make a cake by ourselves.
Let’s
not to give up hope.
Let’s not give up hope.
C Emphatic “do / does”
Эмфатическая конструкция do / does + infinitive используется для усиления высказывания и придания ему большей экспрессивности. Конструкция может использоваться в повелительном наклонении (только форма do и только в утвердительной форме), а также во временах Present Simple и Past Simple (только в утвердительной форме). В переводе на русский язык используются такие элементы, как на самом деле, действительно, правда, ведь и т. д. (Present Simple и Past Simple), ну же, пожалуйста, наконец, в конце концов (the imperative).
Do tell me anything you want.
He does smoke a lot.
They do like our idea.
She did drive carelessly.
PRACTICE
5.1. Rewrite the suggestions and requests in bold using the negative imperative.
1. You shouldn’t touch that. It’s very hot.
2. She is very tired. I hope you won’t wake her up.
3. He’ll be in a hurry. You mustn’t keep him waiting.
4. It’s a secret. You mustn’t tell anyone.
5. You mustn’t bother me now. I’m much too busy.
5.2. Make each of the following sentences into an offer with “let me”, or a suggestion with “let’s”.
1. I’ll take your coat.
2. I think we should go home now.
3. Can I carry that bag for you?
4. We could telephone for help.
5. I’ll help you.
6. I think we should start now.
5.3. Make these polite requests more emphatic by using “do”.
1. Would you like to come in and take a seat?
2. Why don’t you come and see us at the weekend?
3. It would be nice if you could bring the children too.
4. Would you like to have some more tea?
5. Could you write to me when you get home?
5.4. Use “do” to make these sentences into emphatic orders.
1. You should stop making so much noise.
2. You ought to listen carefully.
3. You should be more careful.
4. Please be quiet while I’m talking.
5. Sit down and behave yourself.
5.5. Rewrite the sentences using “do” or “does” for emphasis.
1. I really like the idea of having a holiday abroad.
2. They absolutely hate smokers.
3. I strongly disagree with your opinion on cloning humans.
4. This suggestion is definitely to my liking.
5. Paul likes downhill skiing very much.
6. Laura is a very mild person and she simply detests bad language.
7. We certainly want to help.
8. We all know very well that Helen loves sightseeing.
9. David spends too much time on watching TV indeed.
10. We entirely share your views on public smoking.