3.2. Вариант 2/Variant 2.

1. Разделите приведенные ниже слова на три группы, определяя по префиксам и суффиксам часть речи – существительное, прилагательное или наречие. Переведите слова. Используйте таблицы словообразования.

Global, computational, powerful, effectively, inexpensively, current, opportunity, internal, distribution, customer, instant, scientist, usually, unlike, outsider.

2. Прочитайте и переведите весь текст устно.

Internet

1. Internet is computer-based global information system. The Internet is composed of many interconnected computer networks. Each network may link tens, hundreds, or even thousands of computers, enabling them to share information with one another and to share computational resources such as powerful supercomputers and databases of information. The Internet has made it possible for people all over the world to communicate with one another effectively and inexpensively.

2. The history of the Internet began in 1973 when the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) initiated a research program to investigate techniques and technologies for interlinking packet networks of various kinds. The objective was to develop communication protocols which would allow networked computers to communicate trans­parently across multiple, linked packet networks. This was called the Internetting project and the system of networks which emerged from the research was known as the "Internet" (In­tercontinental Network).

3. The Internet has doubled in size every 9 to 14 months since the late 1970s. In 1981 only 213 computers were connected to the Internet. By the end of 1991 the Internet has grown to include some 5000 networks in over three dozen countries, serving over 700,000 host computers used by over 4,000,000 people. By 2000 the number had grown to more than 400 million. The current number of people who use the Internet now can only be estimated.

4. The Internet has brought new opportunities to government, business, and education. Governments use the Internet for internal communication, distribution of information, and automated tax processing. Companies use the Internet for electronic commerce, also called e-commerce, including advertising, selling, buying, distributing products, and providing customer service. Businesses and institutions use the Internet for voice and video conferencing and other forms of communication that enable people to telecommute (work away from the office using a computer). Media and entertainment companies use the Internet for online news and weather services and to broadcast audio and video, including live radio and television programs. Online chat allows people to carry on discussions using written text. Instant messaging enables people to exchange text messages in real time. Scientists and scholars use the Internet to communicate with colleagues, perform research, distribute lecture notes and course materials to students, and publish papers and articles. Many individuals use the Internet for communicating through electronic mail (e-mail), reading news, researching information, shopping, paying bills, entertainment and banking.

5. An organization that has many computers usually owns and operates a private network, called an intranet, which connects all the computers within the organization. To provide Internet service, the organization connects its intranet to the Internet. Unlike public access networks, intranets are restricted to provide security. Only authorized computers at the organization can connect to the intranet, and the organization restricts communication between the intranet and the global Internet. The restrictions allow computers inside the organization to exchange information but keep the information confidential and protected from outsiders.

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Notes:

trans­parently – явно, открыто;

emerge – появляться;

tax processing – налогообложение;

live radio – радиопрограмма с места событий, напрямую.