- •Билет №1
- •Write definitions of the following terms: temperature, absolute humidity, chemical engineering, psychrometrics, volumetric humidity, mass mixing ratio.
- •Билет №2
- •Read and retell the text:
- •Explain the following formula:
- •Write definitions of the following terms: magnitude, deceleration, vector, parallelogram law, Newton's Second Law.
- •Explain the following formula:
- •Write definitions of the following terms: thermodynamic temperature, entropy, ideal gas, laws of thermodynamics, quantum effects, kinetic energy.
- •Билет №3
- •Read and retell the text:
- •Acceleration
- •Билет №4
- •Read and retell the text:
- •Write definitions of the following terms: vibration, sound, ultrasound, infrasound, mechanical waves.
- •Билет №5
- •Read and retell the text:
- •Explain the following formula:
- •Write definitions of the following terms: climatology, astronomy, reflectivity, diffuse reflectivity, reflection coefficient.
- •Билет №6
- •Read and retell the text:
- •Explain the following formula:
- •Write definitions of the following terms: planet, asteroid, comet nucleus, organic compounds, opposition effect.
- •Билет №7
- •Read and retell the text:
- •Write definitions of the following terms: chemical element, ion, nuclear force, electrons, electric charge.
- •Билет №8
- •Read and retell the text:
- •Write definitions of the following terms: electromagnetic force, wave, atomic orbital, photon, atomic spectral lines.
- •Билет №9
- •Read and retell the text:
- •Explain the following formula:
- •Write definitions of the following terms: dalton, wave, atomic orbital, photon, atomic spectral lines.
- •Билет №10
- •Read and retell the text:
- •Explain the following formula:
- •Write definitions of the following terms: gas, ideal gas, molar mass, hydrogen, nitrogen.
- •Билет №11
- •Read and retell the text:
- •Explain the following formula:
- •Write definitions of the following terms: gas, ideal gas, molar mass, Mole, si units.
- •Билет №12
- •Read and retell the text:
- •Explain the following formula:
- •Write definitions of the following terms: gas, barometer, mass, Mole, si units.
- •Билет №13
- •Read and retell the text:
- •Write definitions of the following terms: gas, volume, constant, Atom, Boyle's law.
- •Билет №14
- •Read and retell the text:
- •Write definitions of the following terms: calculus, volume, constant, Atom, Boyle's law.
- •Билет №15
- •Read and retell the text:
- •Write definitions of the following terms: electrons, cathode, vacuum tubes, electronic charges, mnemonic cathode.
- •Билет №16
- •Read and retell the text:
- •Write definitions of the following terms: temperature, atmosphere, the Kelvin scale, absolute zero, thermodynamic temperature.
- •Билет №17
- •Read and retell the text:
- •Write definitions of the following terms: mass, centroid, center of mass, absolute zero, thermodynamic temperature.
- •Билет №18
- •Read and retell the text:
- •Explain the following formula:
- •Write definitions of the following terms: mass, centroid, center of mass, center of gravity, mass-center.
- •Билет №19
- •Read and retell the text:
- •Write definitions of the following terms: centrifugal force, centroid, center of mass, Newton's third law, mass-center.
- •Билет №20
- •Read and retell the text:
- •Write definitions of the following terms: curve, circle, center of mass, center of gravity, mass-center.
- •Билет №21
- •Read and retell the text:
- •Write definitions of the following terms: curve, circle, center of mass, center of gravity, mass-center.
- •Билет №22
- •Read and retell the text:
- •Write definitions of the following terms: thermal column, circle, center of mass, center of gravity, mass-center.
- •Билет №23
- •Read and retell the text:
- •Билет №24
- •Read and retell the text:
- •Write definitions of the following terms: stack effect, circle, center of mass, center of gravity, mantle convection.
- •Билет №25
- •Read and retell the text:
- •Write definitions of the following terms: stack effect, circle, critical mass, center of gravity, mantle convection.
Explain the following formula:
Write definitions of the following terms: climatology, astronomy, reflectivity, diffuse reflectivity, reflection coefficient.
Физика және математика кафедрасының отырысында қаралып, бекітілген.
Хаттама № «7 » __18_____ ____03______ 2015 ж.
Кафедра меңгерушісі:____________ Кульжумиева А.А.
Факультеттің ОӘК отырысында қаралып, бекітілген.
Хаттама № «7 » __19____ ____03_____ 2015 ж.
Факультеттің ОӘК төрағасы: _________ Иксебаева Ж.С.
М. Өтемісов атындағы Батыс Қазақстан мемлекеттік университеті
Факультет: физика-математика
Кафедра: физика және Физика
Шифр, мамандық: 5В011000 – Физика
Пән: Кәсіби бағытталған шетел тілі
Билет №6
Read and retell the text:
Astronomical albedo
The albedos of planets, satellites and asteroids can be used to infer much about their properties. The study of albedos, their dependence on wavelength, lighting angle ("phase angle"), and variation in time comprises a major part of the astronomical field of photometry. For small and far objects that cannot be resolved by telescopes, much of what we know comes from the study of their albedos. For example, the absolute albedo can indicate the surface ice content of outer Solar System objects, the variation of albedo with phase angle gives information about regolith properties, whereas unusually high radar albedo is indicative of high metal content in asteroids.
Enceladus, a moon of Saturn, has one of the highest known albedos of any body in the Solar System, with 99% of EM radiation reflected. Another notable high-albedo body is Eris, with an albedo of 0.96. Many small objects in the outer Solar System and asteroid belt have low albedos down to about 0.05. A typical comet nucleus has an albedo of 0.04. Such a dark surface is thought to be indicative of a primitive and heavily space weathered surface containing some organic compounds.
The overall albedo of the Moon is around 0.12, but it is strongly directional and non-Lambertian, displaying also a strong opposition effect. Although such reflectance properties are different from those of any terrestrial terrains, they are typical of the regolith surfaces of airless Solar System bodies.
In detailed studies, the directional reflectance properties of astronomical bodies are often expressed in terms of the five Hapke parameters which semi-empirically describe the variation of albedo with phase angle, including a characterization of the opposition effect of regolith surfaces.
Explain the following formula:
Write definitions of the following terms: planet, asteroid, comet nucleus, organic compounds, opposition effect.
Физика және математика кафедрасының отырысында қаралып, бекітілген.
Хаттама № «7 » __18_____ ____03______ 2015 ж.
Кафедра меңгерушісі:____________ Кульжумиева А.А.
Факультеттің ОӘК отырысында қаралып, бекітілген.
Хаттама № «7 » __19____ ____03_____ 2015 ж.
Факультеттің ОӘК төрағасы: _________ Иксебаева Ж.С.
М. Өтемісов атындағы Батыс Қазақстан мемлекеттік университеті
Факультет: физика-математика
Кафедра: физика және Физика
Шифр, мамандық: 5В011000 – Физика
Пән: Кәсіби бағытталған шетел тілі
