Билет №12
Read and retell the text:
Water-based barometers
The concept that decreasing atmospheric pressure predicts stormy weather, postulated by Lucien Vidi, provides the theoretical basis for a weather prediction device called a "storm glass" or a "Goethe barometer" (named for Johann Wolfgang Von Goethe, the renowned German writer and polymath who developed a simple but effective weather ball barometer using the principles developed by Torricelli). The French name, le baromètre Liégeois, is used by some English speakers.[9] This name reflects the origins of many early weather glasses - the glass blowers of Liége, Belgium.[9][10]
The weather ball barometer consists of a glass container with a sealed body, half filled with water. A narrow spout connects to the body below the water level and rises above the water level. The narrow spout is open to the atmosphere. When the air pressure is lower than it was at the time the body was sealed, the water level in the spout will rise above the water level in the body; when the air pressure is higher, the water level in the spout will drop below the water level in the body. A variation of this type of barometer can be easily made at home.
Vacuum pump oil barometer
Using vacuum pump oil as the working fluid in a barometer has led to the creation of the new "World's Tallest Barometer" in February 2013. The barometer at Portland State University (PSU) uses doubly distilled vacuum pump oil and has a nominal height of ~12.4 m for the oil column height; expected excursions are in the range of ±0.4 m over the course of a year. Vacuum pump oil has very low vapor pressure and it is available in a range of densities; the lowest density vacuum oil was chosen for the PSU barometer to maximize the oil column height.
Explain the following formula:
Write definitions of the following terms: gas, barometer, mass, Mole, si units.
Физика және математика кафедрасының отырысында қаралып, бекітілген.
Хаттама № «7 » __18_____ ____03______ 2015 ж.
Кафедра меңгерушісі:____________ Кульжумиева А.А.
Факультеттің ОӘК отырысында қаралып, бекітілген.
Хаттама № «7 » __19____ ____03_____ 2015 ж.
Факультеттің ОӘК төрағасы: _________ Иксебаева Ж.С.
М. Өтемісов атындағы Батыс Қазақстан мемлекеттік университеті
Факультет: физика-математика
Кафедра: физика және Физика
Шифр, мамандық: 5В011000 – Физика
Пән: Кәсіби бағытталған шетел тілі
Билет №13
Read and retell the text:
Boyle's law
Boyle's law (sometimes referred to as the Boyle–Mariotte law, or Mariotte's law) is an experimental gas law which describes how the pressure of a gas tends to decrease as the volume of a gas increases. A modern statement of Boyle's law is The absolute pressure exerted by a given mass of an ideal gas is inversely proportional to the volume it occupies if the temperature and amount of gas remain unchanged within a closed system.
Mathematically, Boyle's law can be stated as
or
where P is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of the gas, and k is a constant.
The equation states that product of pressure and volume is a constant for a given mass of confined gas as long as the temperature is constant. For comparing the same substance under two different sets of condition, the law can be usefully expressed as
The equation shows that, as volume increases, the pressure of the gas decreases in proportion. Similarly, as volume decreases, the pressure of the gas increases. The law was named after chemist and physicist Robert Boyle, who published the original law in 1662.
Explain the following picture:
