3.My mother was a doctor in England
According to the purpose of utterance this sentence is declarative, affirmative.
According to the structure it is a simple, 2-member, complete, extended sentence.
The subject is “mother”. It’s notional. It is expressed by a common noun in the common case.
The predicate is “was a doctor”. It’s a compound nominal predicate. It consists of 2 parts – a link verb and predicative.
“Was” is a link verb of being “to be” in the past simple tense, the indicative mood, the active voice. The predicative is “a doctor”. It’s expressed by a common noun in the common case.
The attribute is “my”. It’s expressed by a possessive pronoun in the conjoint form.
The adverbal modifier is “in England”. It’s an adverbal modifier of place expressed by a prepositional phrase.
Basics of Syntax and Morphology
N.S
1.Types of subjects – Notional.(Example: She reads a book.)
F.S N.S
- Formal. (Example: There is a book on the table.) 2 Subjects.
2.Types of verbs – Notional/ Structural (auxiliary verbs, link verbs,modal verbs)
Dynamic/Stative verbs
3.Types of objects – direct (Example: I like ice-cream.)
Indirect-recipient(non- prepositional – I gave him ,prepositional – to him, for him)
Non- recipient Prepositional(by him ,about him, with him.)
4.Cases of Noun – Common(Example: Dave.), Possessive(Example : Dave’s).
5.Cases of Personal Pronouns – The Nominative Case (Examples: I, you, he, we, they)
The Objective Case (Example: me, him, us, them).
6.Types of pronouns
-Personal ( I, you),
-Possessive( my (conjoint form),mine (absolute form)
- Demonstrative(this, that, those)
-Reflexive(myself)
- Indefinite( some, any , few)
-Negative(no,not)
7.Types of Numerals – Ordinal (First, second) Cardinal (one, two).
8.Forms of possessive pronouns – Conjoint(my) , absolute (mine) forms.
9.Degrees of adjectives
-positive(small),
-comparative(smaller),
-superlative(the smallest).
10.2 parts of nominal predicate, ways of their expressing:
1. Link – verb can be
– of being (to be, to smell, to sound, to feel, to see, to appear, to seem, to look)
– of becoming (to become, to get, to grow, to turn)
– of remaining (to remain)
2. The Predicative is expressed by
-a noun(I was a teacher ),
-an adjective(I am good),
-a pronoun(I am everything). ,
-a numeral(she is 20).,
-an infinitive(my plan is to go)
11.Types of sentences according to the structure, purpose of utterance:
1.According to the structure the sentences can be simple
– one member (Spring!)
– two member (I like to sing)
– extended( Subject + Predicate + Secondary parts; example : I have read an interesting book)
– unextended (Subject + Predicate; example :It is getting cold)
– complete(Are you going with me?)
– incomplete ( Going with me?)
2.According to the purpose of utterance sentences can be
- Declarative – affirmative(I like white roses) – negative (I don’t like coffee)
- Imperative (Let’s do it.)
-Exclamatory (What a great day!)
-Interrogative
-general (Did it rain yesterday?)
-special(When did it rain?)
-alternative(Do you work or study?)
- disjunctive = tag-question (It rained, didn’t it?)
12.Classification of noun : Common (dream), Proper(Paris)
13.System of verb forms : Finite and non finite.
14.Attribute, ways of expressing
-adjective( a nice boy),
- noun( a summer day),
-pronoun( my book),
-a participle (a smiling boy).
15.Types of Adverbial Modifier:
of time(yesterday),
of place(at home),
of manner ( quickly)
16 Categories of the verb:
Tense.
Voice – Passive, Active.
Person ( 1st; 2nd; 3rd).
Mood – Indicative, Imperative, Subjunctive.
17.Non-finitie forms of the verb: The infinite, the Gerund, Participle 1, Participle 2
18.Types of predicate:
- Simple verbal predicate – has come, was built, is sleeping, is being done, will do.
-
Compound modal (ought to, should go, has to do)
Nominal( seemed nice.)
19.Synthetic and analytical forms of verbs.
Synthetic form is built up by a change in the word itself: by means of suffixes(looked).
Analytic form consist of two components : Auxiliary verb + Notional verb (She is reading.)
20.Categories of the noun:
Gender – feminine, masculine, neuter.
Case – common, possessive.
Number – singular, plural.