Text 10.

In most western countries, the term “college” and “university” do not have restrictive legal meanings as they do in other countries. Americans use the term "college students" to mean students either in colleges or universities. They almost never say "when I was in university." That sounds British. Instead, "when I was in college."

Traditionally, a “college” refers to the same thing as a “faculty” means in many European countries, for example The College of Arts, the College of Medicine, The College of Liberal Arts. An institution that calls itself a “university” usually offers many graduate programs, and concentrates itself on research as well as teaching.

Modern universities developed from those of Europe in the Middle Ages. The word "university" came from the Latin “universitas”, describing a group of people organized for a common purpose.

  "College" came from “collegium”, a Latin word with a similar meaning. In England, colleges were formed to provide students with places to live. Usually each group was studying the same thing. So college came to mean an area of study. The first American universities divided their studies into a number of areas and called each one a college. This is still true.

A college can also be a part of a university. For example, Harvard College is the undergraduate part of Harvard University.

    Programs in higher learning can also be called schools, like a school of engineering or a medical school within a college or university.

The system of higher education in the USA consists of four categories of institutions: universities, four-year colleges, technical training institutions and two-year community colleges. Depending on the source of financing higher education institution can be either public (state-supported) or private. Four years of undergraduate study at a university’s “undergraduate schools” or colleges lead to a Bachelor of Arts (B.A) or Bachelor of Science (B.S.) degree. “Graduate Schools” which are part of a university or are separate institutions, offer advanced programs which lead to a Master’s (M.A. or M.S.), Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D) or Doctor of Education (Ed.D.) degree.

12. Answer the following questions:

1. What does “college” mean in western countries?

2. What does “university” mean? What does it offer?

3. How many categories of institutions constitute the higher education in the USA? What are they?

4. What degrees do the undergraduate schools within universities offer?

13. Think and find 10 the most striking differences of Russian Universities and Universities abroad.

14. Discuss with your partner what university, Russian, Britain, American, would you like to study at? Why? Give your reasons.

Unit 9.

E-mail friends (Pen Friends)

Speaking: Foreign Friends

Writing: Personal Letters

Reading: Text 11.

Listening: “A letter to a Friend”.

Vocabulary: Modals, Pen Cliches.

Grammar: Modal Verbs.

1. Answer the questions:

- Do you have a friend abroad? If no, would you like to find a foreign friend?

- Is it popular nowadays to have pen-friends?

- Is it easier to have a pen-friend now, than it was 10 years ago?

2. Listen to the text. What did the girl write to her friend? Are these sentences true or false? Circle the correct answer.

1. I don’t have a job, but I’m very busy. True/False

2. I study English part-time, twice a week. True/False

3. There are many discos and night clubs in Vancouver. True/False

4. There is a lot of rain in the spring. True/False

3. Complete the sentences.

1) I came here ______

2) There are about ______ people in Vancouver.

3) Downtown of Vancouver is ________

4) _________ is my favorite season.

4. Answer the questions:

1. What is the weather in Vancouver?

2. Is Vancouver’s night life great?

3. What problems does the girl have in Vancouver?

4. Does she like the city?