V. В следующих предложениях подчеркните Participle 1 и Participle 2 и укажите, является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или частью глагола-сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русскийязык.

1. When drawing up a contract for the sale of goods, it is necessary to give a detailed description of the goods.

2. Signing the letter the manager asked the secretary to send it off at once.

• 3. Games and competitions are becoming commonplace in promoting sales of a product or service.

VI. Прочитайте и устно переведите на русский язык весь текст. Письменно переведите абзацы 1,3.

The UK Economy

1. In the UK, the primary sector is made up of farming and energy-related activities. Farming is very mechanized and uses a lot of machinery, producing about 60% of food needs although it employs only 1% of workforce. But many small farms are no longer profitable on global markets with low-cost world producers.

2. Primary energy accounts for about 10% of GDP, one of the highest figures for a developed economy. The UK also has important reserves of oil, gas, and coal. However, this sector is now declining and oil and gas production will fall sharply in the next ten years, making the economy dependent on foreign imports of energy.

3. The secondary sector has continued to suffer from the decline of old heavy industries, like steel, and the closing of mass manufacturing like the car industry.

This has created big job losses especially in the north. Despite government support, the sector has decreased from 20% to 15% of GDP over the past twenty years.

4. By contrast, the service sector is booming, benefiting from its highly qualified workforce and the concentration of expertise in the south –east. It now represents over 70% of the total economy with financial services, computing and marketing contributing 30% to GDP. But the success is very dependent on financial markets, and the recent growth has put great pressure on road and retail infrastructure in the south east.

VII. Определите являются ли приведенные ниже утверждения:

a) истинными (true)

b) ложными (false)

c) в тексте нет информации (no information)

1. The energy sector is booming

2. The service sector is very developed. However it is very dependent on financial markets.

3. Future growth will be limited in the short to medium-term.

Занесите свои ответы в таблицу:

1	2	3

VIII. Прочитайте абзац 1 и письменно ответьте на вопрос:

What are the key industries in the UK primary sector?

Вариант 5

I. Переведите письменно существительные (1-10). Выберете определения (a-j), соответствующие существительным.

1. consumer	a) the exchange of a commodity for money
2. generation	b) the act of making something smaller in size or amount
3. demand	c) a business organization created under a government charter
4. product	d) a group of people of similar age
5. competition	e) what remains after the costs of doing business
6. firm	f) the rivalry among buyers and sellers in the purchase and sale of resources and products
7. profit	g) anyone who uses goods and/or services
8. sale	h) a small organization which sells or produces something
9. corporation	i) the good or service one receives in an exchange
10. reduction	j) a consumer’s willingness and ability to buy a product or service

Занесите свои ответы в таблицу:

1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10

II. В следующих предложениях подчеркните определения, выраженные именем существительным, и переведите эти предложения на русский язык.

1. During the mid-eighties, the USA had a large trade deficit with European Union.

2. Greater Manchester is one of the world’s most compact and crowded metropolitan areas.

3. The paper and printing industry is stable, reflecting Manchester’s status as the second centre of newspaper production in England.

III. a) В следующих предложениях подчеркните глагол-сказуемое, определите его видо-временную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Heavy damage from aerial bombing during World War II brought the greatest setback in the history of modern London.

2. Contracts between local purchasing organizations and peasant householders are signed before the agricultural season begins.

3. In different parts of the world many different commodities have served as money.

IV. В следующих предложениях подчеркните модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Переведитепредложения на русский язык.

1. Any Western firm is interested only in selling what it has to offer.

2. Similar processes were to be observed in the petroleum sphere.

3. The House of Lords may delay certain Bills, but cannot finally Veto them.

V. В следующих предложениях подчеркните Participle 1 и Participle 2. Переведите предложения нарусский язык.

1. By the late 1970s farmers were convinced that inflation and continued growth in exports would keep prices rising.

2. The company can buy a sizable share of stock and offer it to the victim, depending on who pays more.

3. Taking into consideration the expanded changes in price, the total turnover of raw materials will increase.

VI. Прочитайте и устно переведите на русский язык весь текст. Перепишите и письменно переведите абзацы 1, 2.

Forces Affecting Modern Marketing

1. An important influence in marketing theory is the continuous and rapid change in consumer interests and desires. Consumers today are more sophisticated than those of past generations. They attend school for much longer; they are exposed to newspapers, magazines, movies, radio, television, and travel; and they have much greater interaction with other people. Their demands are more exacting. "Positioning" the product that is, determining the exact segment of the population, and then developing a marketing campaign to enhance the product's image to fit that particular segment requires great care and planning.

2. Competition also has sharply intensified, as the number of firms engaged in producing similar products has increased. Each firm tries to differentiate its products from those of its competitors. Profit margins, meaning the profit percentages made by a business per dollar of sales, are constantly being lessened. While costs continue to rise, competition tends to keep prices down. The result is a narrowing spread between costs and selling prices, and an increase in a business sales volume is necessary to maintain or increase profit.

3. Ecological concerns have also affected product design and marketing, especially as the expense of product modification has increased the retail cost. Such forces, which have added to the friction between producer and consumer, must be understood by the marketer and integrated into a sound marketing program.

4. Even the way a firm handles itself in public life, that is, how it reacts to social and political issues, has become significant. The public's dissatisfaction with the actions and attitudes of a firm has sometimes led to a reduction in sales; consumer enthusiasm, generated by a firm's intentional establishment of a good public image or public relations, has led to increased sales.