2.3. Follow up tasks

1. Answer the questions

1. What is radiation?

2. What sources of radiation can you find?

3. What types of radiation do you know?

4. What is the difference between ionizing and non-ionizing radiation?

5. Is ionizing radiation harmless? Why?

6. What are the main characteristics of alpha, beta particles and gamma rays?

7. Are gamma rays and x-rays identical?

8. What is the idea of alpha, beta, gamma decay?

2. Based on your reading of the article, decide if the following statements are true or false. Prove the true statements or correct the false ones.

1. Radiation is energy emitted by radioactivity.

2. The radiation may be in the form of particles and pure energy.

3. Alpha particle is identical to the nucleus of helium atom.

4. Gamma radiation has a negative charge.

5. Beta radiation and Gamma radiation are high-energy electromagnetic radiation.

6. The gamma ray has no mass and no charge. It is extremely penetrating.

7. Alpha particles are of great penetrating power and can be stopped by concrete.

3. Consult the text and fill in the table Properties of Radiation

Radiation Type of Radiation Mass (AMU) Charge Shielding material Alpha Beta 1/1836 Gamma Neutrons Particle 1 0 Water, concrete, polyethylene, oil

4. Find the structures from pre-reading task a in the article and make up similar sentences of your own

5. Retell the article using the structures and key-terms

3. VOCABULARY

3.1. Match the term and its definition

1.Background radiation	ˌbæk.ɡraʊnd reɪ.diˈeɪ.ʃən	radiation that is not strong enough to affect the structure of atoms but is strong enough to heat tissue and can cause harmful biological effects.
2.Radioactivity	ˌreɪ.di.əʊ.ækˈtɪv.ə.ti	something from nature that causes or produces something, or is the origin of it
3.Inhalation	ˌɪn·həˈleɪ·ʃən	sending out light, sound, a smell, a gas or other substance
4.Ionizing radiation	ˈaɪ.ə.naɪziŋ reɪ.diˈeɪ.ʃən	produced or developed by humans rather than coming directly from nature
5.Non-ionizing radiation	nʌn ˈaɪ.ə.naɪziŋ reɪ.diˈeɪ.ʃən	radiation found naturally on earth that comes from some soil, rocks, etc., and from outer space
6.Emission	iˈmɪʃ·ən	the act of breathing
7.Natural source	ˈnætʃ·ər·əl sɔrs	the quality that some atoms have of producing a type of energy that can be very harmful to health;​ the energy produced by atoms in this way
8.Man-made source	mænˈmeɪd sɔrs	any radiation capable of displacing electrons from atoms, thereby producing ions
9.Damage	ˈdæm·ɪdʒ	harm or injury