IV. Give Russian equivalents to these words and word combinations:

industrialized state, environmental protection, nature conservation, preservation, rational use, natural resources, control, supervision, utilization, urban, pollution, discharge of pollutants, observance, to protect, environment, environmental protection measures, extensive efforts, national framework, international issue, consequences of damaging, acid rain, water shortage, abuse of arable lands, agriculture, destroying the ozone layer, damage to water and soils, damage to wildlife, disappear, danger, to suffer, disaster, threat, man’s activities.

V. Find the English equivalents for these words and word combinations:

проблема защиты окружающей среды, сохранение природы, внешняя и внутренняя политика, сохранение и рациональное использование природных ресурсов, регулирование использования, источники загрязнения, максимально допустимый, загрязнители, соблюдение законодательства, необходимость защищать окружающую среду, рациональное использование, государственные меры по охране окружающей среды, сфера, национальные рамки, международный вопрос, последствия ущерба окружающей среде, кислотный дождь, нехватка воды, неправильное использование пахотных земель, разрушение озонового слоя атмосферы, вред воде и почве, вред дикой природе, серьезная опасность сталкиваться с многими проблемами, разрушать, повреждение, находится под угрозой, человеческая деятельность.

VI. Read the sentences and translate them into Russian.

Comment on the use of Tenses and Voices:

1. About two hundred years ago man lived in harmony with nature, because industry was not much developed.

2. Today the contradictions between man and nature are dramatic.

3. Every year world industry throws out into atmosphere about 1,000million tons of dust and other harmful substances.

4. The pollution of the air, oceans, seas rivers and lakes, and the destruction of the ozone layer could lead our planet to a global catastrophe.

5. The Earth is our home, that is why we must take care of it, for ourselves and for the next generations.

6. More than twenty years ago a pulp-and-paper factory was built on the shore of Lake Baikal.

7. As a result, because of the water pollution, more than 50 per cent of the world’s purest water have been ruined.

8. The whole ecological system of the lake has changed greatly.

9. Some organisms that can be found only in Lake Baikal are disappearing, trees are dying from the dust and gas blow-outs of the factory.

10. Lake Baikal and its shores have been declared a specially protected zone of the country.

11. There is a hope that one of the most beautiful and the deepest Lakes of the world will never die.

VIII. Read and retell the story We must protect our environment.

Our country. Our environment. There are many big and small rivers, green forests, high mountains, lakes and seas in Russia.

Our Earth is our home. I think people must take care of our Motherland.

There are some laws and decisions on this important subject. We have state organizations which pay attention to this problem.

The international conventions pay much attention to the control of pollution too.

There are a lot of industrial enterprises in our country, that’s why we can’t ignore the problem of the protection of our environment. Our main aim is protection. Our environment must be clean. What must we do for it? We have to control atmospheric and water pollution, to study man’s influence on the climate. The pollution of the environment influences the life of animals, plants and human life. If we don’t use chemicals in a proper way we’ll pollute our environment.

There are many kinds of transport in our big cities, that is why we must pay attention to the protection of our nature and the health of people.

Radiation. Now it has become one of the main problems. It is not good for health of people. Many people died from radiation some years ago in Chernobyl. It was a tragedy. Another problem is earthquakes. Our scientists try to forecast earthquakes, then we can protect ourselves from them.

People all over the world do everything to protect their nature, to make their country richer, to make their life happier.