1. the principle of self- activity (Independent Work should be organized in such a way that student were the subjects of the learning process );

2. the principle of self-organization (teaching any subject should be regarded as teaching the students to obtain the content of the subject in the process of their own activity ) . The teacher shouldn’t only teach but also :

   1. help the students study ;

   2. organize and manage their studying activity;

   3. teach them various methods of learning.

3. The principle of variety in organizational forms of work;

4. The principle of co-operating (s-s, t-s);

5. the principle of psychological security (it is necessary to provide the motivation to study and the positive attitude to studying)

During the English lessons we should form the communicative skills, i.e. the skills necessary to communicate in this language.

The language can not be taught, it should be learnt, so the Independent Work of Student is of a great importance. However, this Independent Work should not differ from the auditorial work, I mean if during the lessons students learn to communicate in this language, they should continue this while working independently. Thus , the Independent Work of Student should be regarded as the logical supplement to the auditorial work.

In the Methodology of FLT there are:

3 types of Independent Work of Student:

a) the Independent Work during the lessons – Auditorial Independent Work ;

b) out of classroom Independent Work

c) Independent Work in the self access resource centre, language laboratory.

3 forms of Independent Work of Student:

1. individual Independent Work

2. pair Independent Work

3. group Independent Work

3 Stages of Independent Work of Student:

1. imitative

2. reproductive

3. creative

The imitative stage is characterized by he external motivation, low level of self-regulation; the form of learning –the conscious imitation of the teacher’s actions , doing exercises under the teacher’s supervision. This stage is necessary as during it-the student is trained to work independently.

The reproductive stage is characterized by the domineering external motivation, the middle level of self regulation; independent reproduction of the technique which was acquired with the teacher and the use of this habit/skill in the analogous situations.

The creative stage is characterized by the domineering internal motivation, the high level of self-regulation, the independent fulfillment of the tasks. (conventionally- speech, speech , and communicative) using the acquired technique in the new , not analogous situations.

Questions for self-control

1. What is an authoring tool?

2. What is a multimedia program?

3. What computer programms are there in FLT? What are the drawbacks and achievements of them?

4. What are advantages and disadvantages of computer-based testing?

5. What is an ePortfolio?

6. What types of computer exercises do you know?

Methodological recommendations to siw. Recommendations for planning video-lessons

• Stage 1 – Learners come together as a class to produce a video film fragment. This also can be videoed or audio recorded if the necessary equipment is available.

• Stage 2 – What is the main cultural peculiarities of England? Get learners into four groups to brainstorm topics in each of the following categories (one per group): art, theatre, music, cinema, sports, etc.

• Stage 3 – In small groups, learners choose one of the topics from the theme and research it further. They make notes while watching the video-fragment and find out more details.

• Stage 4 – Learners share the received information with each other and present their analysis of the film taking into account cultural peculiarities of England.