Контрольное задание № 4

Методические рекомендации по выполнению контрольной работы.

Перед выполнением контрольной работы проработайте по учебнику следующие грамматические темы:

1. Модальные глаголы с перфектной формой смыслового глагола и особенности перевода их на русский язык (could have done, must have done, should have done, would have done, may have been doing).

2. Неличные формы глагола, общее понятие: Infinitive, Gerund, Participle I, Participle II.

3. Основные функции инфинитива в предложении: подлежащее, часть сказуемого, определение, обстоятельство.

4. Простая и сложные формы инфинитива, их значение: non-Perfect Active Infinitive; non-Perfect Passive Infinitive; Continuous Active Infinitive; Perfect Active Infinitive; Perfect Passive Infinitive; Perfect Continuous Active Infinitive.

3. Сложные инфинитивные конструкции: сложное подлежащее (Сomplex Subject), сложное дополнение (Complex Object), особенности перевода сложных инфинитивных конструкций на русский язык.

4. Основные функции Participle I и Participle II в предложении: определение, обстоятельство и часть сказуемого.

5. Простая и сложные формы Participle I: non-Perfect Active Participle I; non-Perfect Passive Participle I; Perfect Active Participle I; Perfect Passive Participle I, их значение.

6. Сложные причастные конструкции. Сложное дополнение (Complex Object).

7. Определительный причастный оборот, его место в предложении.

8. Обстоятельственные причастные обороты места, времени, причины; особенности их употребления.

9. Независимый (самостоятельный) причастный оборот.

10. Герундий (The Gerund), простая форма герундия, её функции в предложении.

11. Простая и сложные формы герундия: non-Perfect Active Gerund; non-Perfect Passive Gerund; Perfect Active Gerund; Perfect Passive Gerund, их значение.

12. Герундиальный оборот, его функции в предложении и способы перевода на русский язык.

Рекомендуемая литература для самостоятельной работы

1. К. Н. Качалова, Е.Е. Израилевич. Практическая грамматика английского языка.

2. A. J. Thomson, A.V. Martinet. A Practical English Grammar

ПЕРВЫЙ ВАРИАНТ КОНТРОЛЬНОГО ЗАДАНИЯ №4

Tasks

1. Прочитайте текст и письменно ответьте по-английски на вопросы, следующие за текстом.

Ada Harris in New York

(Mrs. Ada Harris, a charwoman from London, comes to New York in search of a Mr. G. Brown)

“Go to work, Ada ‘Arris,’ she said to herself and thereafter on her afternoons and evenings off, and in every moment of her spare time, she initiated a systematic run-through of the G. Browns list­ed in the telephone directories of Manhattan, Bronx, Brooklyn, Queens, and Richmond.

Familiar with the London tubes, the New York subway systems held no terrors for her, but the buses were something else again, and, used to London civility, she soon found herself embroiled with one of the occupational neurotics at the helm of one of the northbound monsters who, trying to make change, operate his money-gobbling gadget, open and close doors, shout out street numbers, and guide his vehicle through the tightly packed lanes of Yellow Cabs, limousines, and two-toned cars, bawled at her to get to the rear of the bus or get the hell off, he didn’t care which.

In a short time Mrs. Harris both saw and learned more about New York and New Yorkers and the environs of its five boroughs the most New Yorkers who had spent a lifetime in that city.

There was a George Brown who lived near Fort George in Upper Manhattan not far from the Hudson, and for the first time Mrs. Harris came upon the magnificent view of that stately river, and through another who dwelt near Spuyten Duyvil she learned something of this astonishing, meandering creek which joined the Hudson and East rivers and actually and physically made an island of Manhattan.

A visit to another Brown at the exactly opposite end of Manhattan, Bowling Green, introduced her to the Battery, that incredible plaza overwhelmed by the skyscrapers of the financial district, at the end of which the two mighty arms of water — East and North rivers, as the Hudson is there called — merged into the expanse of the Upper Bay with such seagoing traffic of ocean liners, freighters, tugs, ferry­boats, yachts, and whatnot afloat as Mrs. Harris could not have im­agined occupied one body of water.

For the first time in her life Mrs. Harris felt dwarfed and over­powered. London was a great, gray, sprawling city, but it did not make one feel so small, so insignificant, and so lost. What kind of a world was this? Who were these people who had reared these tow­ers? Through the canyons rushed and rumbled the traffic of heavy drays, trucks, and gigantic double lorries with trailers, taxicabs beep­ed their horns, policemen’s whistles shrilled, the shipping moaned and hooted — and in the midst of this stood little Ada Harris of Battersea, alone, not quite undaunted. In the district surrounding 135th Street and Lenox Avenue, known as Harlem, all the Browns were chocolate colored, but nonetheless sympathetic to Mrs. Harris’s quest. Several of them had been to England with the Army or Air Force and welcomed Mrs. Harris as a reminder of a time and place when all men were considered equal under Nazi bombs, and color was no bar to bravery.

She learned to like many parts of Brooklyn, where her search took her, for the older and quieter portions of this borough on the other side of the East River, where the brown-stone houses stuck against the side of one another, as like as peas in a pod for block upon block, sometimes shaded by trees, reminded her somewhat of London far away across the sea.

On a visit to the Staten Island George Browns via the Staten Is­land Ferry, Mrs. Harris found one of them to be a tugboat captain. That Captain Brown invited Mrs. Harris to come aboard his tug and he would take her for a water-borne ride around Manhattan Island. This she accepted with alacrity, and thereafter was sailed beneath the spans of the great East River bridges, past the glass-walled build­ings of the United Nations.

Few native New Yorkers ever penetrated so deeply into their city as did Mrs. Harris, who ranged from the homes of the wealthy on the broad avenues neighboring Central Park, where there was light and air and the indefinable smell of the rich, to the crooked down­town streets and the slums of the Bowery and Lower East Side.

Thus in a month of tireless searching the George Browns of the metropolitan district provided her with a cross section of the Ameri­can people. By large they were friendly, warmhearted, and hos­pitable. Most of them were so eager to be helpful. She discovered about them a curious paradox : on their streets they were filled with such hurry and bustle that they had no time for anyone, not even to stop for a stranger inquiring the way — they simply hurried on, unseeing, unhearing. But in their homes they were kind, and particularly gen­erous hosts.

Notes

1. Mrs. Harris talks Cockney which is a dialect of the East End of London (the poor district). Among other peculiarities it is also characterized by the dropping of the initial [h] sound.

2. run-through – a quick or cursory examination, trip.

3. a money-gobbling gadget – the money collecting box fixed near the bus driver’s seat.

4.Yellow Cabs – taxis which are often yellow coloured in New York. ”Cab” is the usual American shortening for “taxicab”, while “taxi” is the regular word in English.

5. Spuyten Duyvil Creek ['spaitәn 'daivl 'kri:k] – a narrow channel separating: Manhattan island from mainland.

Questions

1. What did Mrs. Harris initiate in every moment of her spare time?

2. What did she soon find herself embroiled with in New York?

3. What actually and physically made an island of Manhattan?

4. What place was overwhelmed by the skyscrapers?

5. Where did little Ada Harris of Battersea stand, alone, not quite undaunted?

6. What is another name of 135th Street and Lenox Avenue?

7. Why did chocolate colored people welcome Mrs. Harris?

1. Заполните пропуски в следующих предложениях сочетанием may have, употребив глаголы, данные в скобках, в форме Participle II.

1. She ... (to take) the book by mistake. 2. They ... (to telephone) while you were out. 3. I ... (to leave) my keys at home. 4. They ... (to be) wealthy at one time, but I doubt it. 5. The storm ... (to delay) the plane.

2. Замените сложноподчиненные предложения простыми, употребив сложное дополнение. Устно переведите предложения на русский язык:

1. Our specialists expect that this new device will show high accuracy. 2. Everybody saw that she entered the laboratory. 3. They expect that I shall solve all problems. 4. We noticed that she was writing something. 5. His teachers consider that he is very good at mathematics.

3. Употребите инфинитив, данный в скобках, в составе сложного дополнения. Устно пере­ведите предложения на русский язык:

1. We heard the engineer (to speak) about this experiment.

2. They noticed us (to leave) the room.

3. We watched them (to install) the equipment.

4. They wanted the device (to be examined) carefully by experts.

5. We want this problem (to be solved) with the help of the new method.

4. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык. Подчеркните сложное подлежащее.

1. The match proved to be final. 2. The solution of this problem is said not to be easy. 3. Electric current is known to flow in metal parts. 4. The experiment was supposed to have been completed. 5. This important problem is sure to be settled very soon. 6. Many new houses are planned to be built in our city. 7. He is likely to be given this work. 8. Tsiolkovsky is known to have developed the theory of rocket flying.

5. Замените придаточные предложения герундиальным оборотом, употребив предлоги, данные в скобках:

1. Before the students graduate from the institute, they write their diplomas. (before)

2. While I was solving these problems, I paid much attention to the correct computations. (while)

3. When we were testing the machine, we found that it needed improvements. (on)

4. You will never know mathematics well unless you work hard at it. (without)

5. When I complete my work, I shall inform you of the fact. (on)

6. Устно переведите следующие предложения на русский язык, подчеркните независимый причастный оборот

1. It being very late, we had to return home. 2. The translation having been done, we went for a short walk. 3. Technical and scientific problems having been solved, the first space flight could be realized. 4. There is always water vapour in the air, the amount depending upon various conditions. 5. There being an extensive system of free evening and correspond­ence education in the Russian Federation, a great number of people are part-time or correspondence students.

7. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на форму причастий. Письменно определите форму причастия

1. Having arrived two days before the opening of the conference, they had enough time to do the city. 2. And saying so he left the room. 3. Holiday accommodation and facili­ties being cheap, all the students can spend their vacation in camps and rest homes. 4. Having seen so little of the country, he could not give full answers to all your questions. 5. Knowing how fond he is of good music, I brought him a few records. 6. The workers having refused to return to work, the manager dis­missed them from the plant.

8. Замените следующие предложения восклицательными, употребляя what, what a, how

Образцы: 1) She plays the piano well. – How well she plays the piano! 2) It is a beautiful day. – What a beautiful day!

1. Peter speaks Spanish very well.

2. Ann has good taste in everything

3. They have learnt Russian very quickly.

4. St. Petersburg is a beautiful city.

5. We are having beautiful weather now.

9. Письменно переведите на русский язык предложения, обратите внимание на модальное сказуемое

1. You should have helped him. 2. No one could have done more than you did. 3. They were to have sent that telegram. 4. You needn’t have left so early! 5. He must have been working since morning. 6. They can’t have been waiting for us all this time. 7. You oughtn’t to have been rude to her, she is weeping now. 8. We needn’t have done all the work. 9. He must never have learnt the truth. 10. She should have remembered about it. 11. They might have forgotten to send us a telegram. 12. They must have failed to find her house. 13. I was to have finished my work yesterday. 14. We oughtn’t to have told her about it. 15. Could he have said so? 16. Need I tell you that you needn’t have taken so much trouble?

10. Поставьте частицу to перед инфинитивом, где это необходимо.

1. The teacher made me … repeat it all again. 2. You needn’t … ask for permission, I’ll let you … take my books whenever you like. 3. Will you help me … move the table, please? 4. He is expected … arrive in a few days. 5. You seem … know these places very well. 6. I heard the door … open and saw a shadow … move across the floor. 7. He told me … try … do it once again. 8. I’d rather … walk a little before going to bed. 9. There is nothing … do but … wait till somebody comes … let us out. 10. You ought not … show your feelings. 11. Why not … wait a little longer? 12. You had better … make a note of it. 13. I felt her … shiver with cold. 14. We should love you … stay with us. 15. You are not … mention this to anyone. 16. We got Mother … cut up some sandwiches. 17. Rose wanted them ... stop laughing, wanted the curtain … come down. 18. I’ll have … go there. 19. There doesn’t seem … be anything wrong with you. 20. She helped me … get over my fear. 21. Look here, Jane, why .. be cross? 22. He was heard … say so. 23. What made you … deceive me? 24. She was not able … explain anything. 25. I’m not … blame.