9. Specify Cyber security and control of the Internet

Cyber security or information technology security are the techniques of protecting computers, netwoks , programs and data from unauthorized access or attacks that are aimed for exploitation.Ensuring cybersecurity requires coordinated efforts throughout an information system.Elements of cybersecurity include:

• Application security

• Information security

• Network security

• Disaster recovery\ business continuity planning

• End- user education

Computer security is the protection of computing systems and the data that they store or access.In a computing context ,the term security implies cybersecurity.One of the most problematic elements of cybersecurity is the quickly and constantly evolving nature of security risks.

10. Describe Internet protocols: ip, tcp, dmp

The Internet Protocol (IP) is the method or protocol by which data is sent from one computer to another on the Internet. Each computer (known as a host) on the Internet has at least one IP address that uniquely identifies it from all other computers on the Internet. This may be either an IPv4 or IPv6 address, but either way it uniquely defines a device on the Internet.

The Internet Protocol also provides basic instructions for transferring packets between devices. However, it does not actually establish the connection or define the ordering of the packets transmitted. These aspects are handled by the Transmission Control Protocol.

Transmission Control Protocol, which works in conjunction with the Internet Protocol to transfer data between systems on the Internet.

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

TCP is a connection oriented protocol and offers end-to-end packet delivery. It acts as back bone for connection.It exhibits the following key features:

• Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) corresponds to the Transport Layer of OSI Model.

• TCP is a reliable and connection oriented protocol.

• TCP offers:

  • Stream Data Transfer.

  • Reliability.

  • Efficient Flow Control

  • Full-duplex operation.

  • Multiplexing.

• TCP offers connection oriented end-to-end packet delivery.

• TCP ensures reliability by sequencing bytes with a forwarding acknowledgement number that indicates to the destination the next byte the source expect to receive.

• It retransmits the bytes not acknowledged with in specified time period.

TCP Services

TCP offers following services to the processes at the application layer:

• Stream Delivery Service

• Sending and Receiving Buffers

• Bytes and Segments

• Full Duplex Service

• Connection Oriented Service

• Reliable Service

11.Specify web service in a cloud technology

Cloud computing is the use of computing (hardware and that are delivered as a network (typical the Internet). The name comes from the use a cloud-shared symbol as an abstraction for the complex infrastructure contains in system diagrams. Cloud computing entrusts remote services with a users data software and computation.

There are many types of public cloud computing.

• Infrastructure as service (IaaS)

• Platform as a service (PaaS)

• Software as a service (SaaS)

• Store as a service ( STaaS)

• Security as a service (SECaaS)

The business model using software as a service users also rent application software and databases. The cloud croviders manage the infrastructure and platforms on which the application.