Printer's Note

At the time of this printing, a complete computer-based font of the new Turkmen alphabet characters was not available to the general public. As a result, three characters have been substituted with close equivalents. These characters are as follows:

Official Character Substitute Character

¥ / ÿ

£ / £

∫ / ∫

A

abadançylyk   well-being

abadanla∫dyrmak   to make well

abadanla∫mak   to be made well

abanmak   to lean over

abat   intact

abatlyk   intactness

abraÿ   reputation

abuna   subscription

abunaçy   subscriber

abzal   tool

abzallar   instruments

abzalla∫dyrmak   to make a tool

aç göz   greedy

aç   open

aç-açan   freely, frankly : Aç-açan aÿtsana = Please speak frankly

açar   key

açgözlylyk   greed, fighting by greedy people

açmak   to open

açyk   adj. open

açyly∫   opening

ada   island

adaglamak   to betrothe

adagly   betrothed

adalat   fairness

adalatly   fair, just

adalatlylyk   justice

adalatsyzlyk   injustice

adalga   term, title

adam   person, man

adamkärçilik   philanthropy

adamzat   humanity

adatça   normal, okay

adatlanmak   to adapt

adaty   usual

admiral   r. admiral

adres   r. address

adykmak   to acquire

adyl   lavish, wealthy

adyñdaky   named after

affiks   r. affix

afi∫a   r. poster

afrikaly   African

aga   1. older brother 2. (Balkan dialect) uncle

agajet   withered, wrinkled

agaran   1. creamy froth of çal 2. foam, froth 3. lightened, whipped up

agdar-duñder etmek   to turn upside-down

agdarmak   to overturn, push over

agdyk   overmuch

agdyklyk   predominance

aglaba   often, the greater part

aglamak   to cry, weep

agralmak   1. to grow heavy, weighten 2. to advance in pregnancy

agram   weight

agramly   heavy

agsak   lame

agsamak   to limp

ag∫amky   adj. evening

ag∫amlyk nahar   dinner

agtarmak   to search, to look for

agtary∫   search, quest

agtyk   grandchild

agy   weeping, crying

agyl   pen, enclosure

agyr   heavy

agyrlyk   weight

agyrmak   to hurt

agyrtmak   to hurt, cause pain

agyry   1. ill 2. troubles

agyz beklemek   to fast

agyz   mouth

agyzzyryk   horse's bit

agza   member

agzala   disjointed

agzamak   1. to mention someone else 2. to give voice to

agzybir   friendly

agzybirlik   friendship

ah   darn!

aha   aha!

ahlak   moral (of a story)

ahmyr etmek   to regret, lament

ahmyr   regret, lament

ahwalet   adverb

ahyr   1. trough 2. end, exit

ahyrky   last, final

ahyryn   last, final

ajal   death

ajamak   1. to be spoiled 2. to be fermented

ajatmak   1. to spoil 2. to ferment

ajaÿyp   wonderful, beautiful

ajdarha   dragon

ajöze   on an empty stomach

ajy   spicy, peppery, hot

ajyga   ajyga, a spicy Turkmen salad or sauce made from potatoes, garlic, peppers, and onions

ajykmak   to be hungry, hunger

ak   white

akaba   flowing

akar   stream, flow

akdyrmak   to release, let flow water or any other liquid

akgöwünli   honest, open-hearted

aklamak   to whiten, white-wash

aklawçy   lawyer

akmak   1. foolish, stupid 2. to flow

akmaklyk   stupidity

akrobat   r. acrobat

aktiw   r. active

aktÿor   r. actor

akÿuzli   pale

akyl   mind

akyldar   intellectual

akylly    smart, clever

akylsyz   stupid

akylsyzlyk   stupidity

akym   stream, flow

akytmak   to pour

al   pink

ala   multi-colored (2 colors)

alabahar   early spring

alabeder   multi-colored (3 or more colors)

alaç   exit, escape

alaçsyz   inescapable

alaçsyzlyk   inevitability, unavoidability

alada   cares, troubles

alada etmek   to care for, go to trouble over

aladalanmak   to care for, go to trouble over

aladaly   troubled, preoccupied

aladandan   in the pre-dawn

alahekik   magpie

alahuberen   alahuberen, a species of white and gray snake

alaja   talisman of camel hair

alajy   purchaser, customer

alaka   rat

alamat   mark, sign, signifier

alamatlandyrmak   to signify

alañ   hill

alarmak   to dazzle

alarylmak   to stare threateningly, to glare angrily

alasarmyk   cloudy, uncertain

alaÿaz   early spring: ol alaÿaz ÿaly boldy = he came out of his bad mood

alçak   friendly, sociable

aldamak   to lie

aldanmak   to deceive oneself

aldaw   deception, lie

aldawçy   liar, rascal, faker

aldygyna   to the best of (my, its, his) ability : Men buni aldyguna etdim = I tried my best to do this

aldym-berdimli   hard-fought, give-and-take

algy   debt

aljyramak   to be insecure

aljyraññy   insecure, uncertain, afraid to act

aljyratmak   to make someone/something a nervous wreck

alkym   chin

allanäme   wonderful

alma   1. apple 2. (as a command) Don't take it!

almak   to take

alñasamak   to hurry, make haste

alñasan   hurried

alñasatmak   to hasten

altmy∫   sixty

alty   six

altyn   gold

aluw-satuw   commerce

alyjy   buyer

alym   scientist

alymlyk   science (degree)

alyn   forehead, way, lead

alyndaky   fore

alyndañy   head scarf

alyp gelmek   to come taking, to bring

alys   far

alysda   distant

aly∫-çaly∫   exchange

aly∫mak   to exchange

amal   action

aman   1. health, safety, wholeness 2. safe

amanat   unknown property

amatly   comfortable, handy

amatsyz   uncomfortable

angyz   spicy plant

anna   friday

anonom   anonymous

ant   oath

anyk   obvious

anyklamak   to make clear

anyklyk   clarity

añ   mind, thought

añ-bilim   education, knowledge

añ-dü∫ünje   prospect, vista

añalmak   to wonder

añkarmak   to look over

añkaw   stinker

añkawmak   to emit an unpleasing odor

añlatma   expression, formula

añlatmak   to express, signify

añly   sober

añmak   to feel, understand

añry   opposite

añsat   easy

añsyrmak   to understand

añzak   frost

ap-ak   whitest

apbasy   two-sided

ar almak   to take revenge

ar   revenge

ar-namys   integrity

ara   interval, middle

araba   cart (animal driven)

arabaglan∫yk   tie, connection

araçäk   border

araçäkde∫   bordering

araçy   intermediary

arada   recently

aradan çykmak   to die

aradan   since then

aragatna∫yk   tie, connection

arak   vodka

arakesme   recess, break. time-out

aralamak   to take apart

arala∫mak   to attack

aralyk   1. distance, interval 2. middle-sized

aram   moderately

aram-aram   sometimes, now and then

arassa   clean

arassalamak   1. to clean 2. to peel

ardynjyramak   to cough up

argaç   woof, weft (carpet-making term)

argyn   tired

argynlyk   weariness

arheolog   r. archeology, archeologist

arheologik   r. archeological

arhitektura   r. architecture

arhiw   r. archive

arka   back (physical)

arkadaÿänç   brace, support

arkalanmak   to hope

arkala∫mak   to give a hand to, assist

arkala∫yk   mutual aid

arkala∫yk   support

arkaly   supported, helped by

arkan   prone

arkaÿyn bolmak   to count on

arkaÿyn   safe

arkaÿynlamak   to quiet, to make still

arman   impossible fantasy

armyt   pear

arpa   barley

arryk   skinny

arryklamak   to get skinny

arslan   lion

artdyrma   increase, multiply

artilleriÿa   r. artillery

artist   r. artist, actor

artmak   1. to increase 2. to peel

artyk   extra

artykmaç   1. extra 2. very: artykmaç gyz = very good girl

ary   bee

arza   declaration

arzan   inexpensive

arzuw   dream, wish

arzuw etmek   to wish

arzuwlamak   to wish

as   lizard

asfalt   r. asphalt

asgyç   hanging peg

asgyn   weak

asgynlamak   to weaken

asgynlyk   weakness

asgyrmak   to sneeze

aslynda   generally

asmak   to hang up

asman   air, sky

aspirant   r. graduate student

assa   gently

assistent   r. assistant

assyryn   secret

assyrynlyk   secretiveness

ast   bottom, below

astronom   r. astronomer

astronomiÿa   r. astronomy

asuda   peaceful

asudalyk   peace

asyl   tribe, kin : siziñ aslyñiz kim? = Who are your kin?

asylly   noble

asylmak   to hang

asylyp durmak   tohang, be hanging

asyr   century

a∫   food

a∫a   too much

a∫ak   below : aÿagyñ a∫agynda bolmak = to be underfoot

a∫aklamak   to lower

a∫aky   beggar, low-life

a∫gar   lye

a∫gazan   stomach

a∫mak   to cross : Köçeden a∫dym = I crossed the street

a∫pez   cook

a∫yk   sheep knee-bones (used in a children's game like dice)

a∫yr   somersault

a∫yrmak   to get across

at   1. horse 2. [a:] first name 3. [a:] noun 4. (as a command) shoot!

at calysma   pronoun

at capysyk   horse race

at ÿatak   stable

at-abraÿ   authority, reputation

ata   grandfather

ata-baba   forefather

ata-ene   parents

atagzy   1. mouthful, bite 2. pliers

atanak   cross

atanaklaÿyn   upon the cross

atarmak   to get started (about cooking)

atda∫   namesake

atgulak   1. wedding gifts 2. a kind of grass

atlandyrmak   to name, call

atlaÿyn   1. [a:] namely 2. on top

atlaz   1. r. atlas 2. r. satin

atletika   r. athletics

atly   1. [a:] namely 2. [a:] topmost 3. [a:] famous 4. on horseback

atmak   1. throw 2. put 3. shoot (a weapon) 4. to add drink or food

atmosfera   r. atmosphere

atom   r. atom

atÿatak   stall, booth

atÿuzli   narrow

atyjy   shooter

atym   fingerful (about a tablespoon)

atyr   scent

aty∫mak   to shoot down

atyz   garden bed

auditoriÿa   r. auditiorium

aut   out (as used in sports)

aw   hunt

awamak   to hunt

awatmak   to hunt (something)

awçy   hunter

awlamak   to hunt

awu∫amak   to hunt (something)

awy   poison

aÿ   1. moon 2. month

aÿa   palm

aÿaguç   geo. foot, bottom

aÿak   leg, end

aÿakçy   mosquito (lit. "legger")

aÿakgap   footwear

aÿakgap   shoe

aÿaklamak   to finish

aÿakly   leggy, fast

aÿakÿalañaç   barefoot

aÿal   wife, woman

aÿamak   to take care of

aÿan   obvious

aÿat   memorial ceremony

aÿawly   cautious

aÿaz   frost

aÿba-aÿ   every month

aÿbogda∫   "Indian style" : Aÿbogda∫yñy gurup otyrÿarys = We're sitting "Indian style"

aÿdylmak   to pronounce : By söz nähile aÿdilÿar? = How do you pronounce this word?

aÿdyly∫   pronunciation

aÿdym   song

aÿdymçi   singer

aÿdyñ   1. moonlit, moon (adj.) 2. obvious

aÿdyñla∫dyrmak   to make clear, explain

aÿgyr   stallion

aÿgyt   determination

aÿgytly   determined

aÿlag   1. circle 2. gulf

aÿlamak   to turn, reflect

aÿlanjyramak   to stroll, saunter

aÿlanma   rotation

aÿlanmak   1. to go around, turn

aÿlañ-saÿlañ   a little stroll

aÿlar   seasons

aÿlaw   1. circle 2. racetrack

aÿlawly   circular, curvy, winding

aÿlyk   1. salary 2. monthly

aÿmança   fence

aÿna   window, glass, mirror

aÿnadan   reflective

aÿnalamak   to make glassy

aÿra   singular, unique

aÿralyk   loneliness, separation

aÿratyn   specific, particular

aÿratynlyk   specificity

aÿry   different

aÿrylmak   1. to get out 2. to complete 3. to die

aÿy   bear (animal)

aÿyl-saÿyl   obvious

aÿylganç   fright, horror

aÿyp   worthy of blame

aÿypgyç   accusative (gram.)

aÿyplamak    to blame

aÿyrmak   to complete

az   little, few

az-azdan   little by little

az-oblak   a little bit

aza   ill

azalmak   to lessen

azap   torment, torture

azar bermek   to give trouble, pain

azar   trouble, pain

aza∫mak   to get lost

azat   free

azatlyk   freedom

azgyrylmak   to holler

azmak   to get spoiled

azot   r. nitrogen

azyk   food

B

baba   grandfather

babatda   on the part of

babatdan   from that, that's why

bada   initially

bada-bat   immediately

badamjan   eggplant

badyna   immediately

bag   1. tree 2. lace, shoelace

bagaj   r. baggage

bagana   sheep skin

bagjyk   lace

baglamak   to join, connect

baglany∫yk   joint, unison

baglany∫ykly   united

baglaÿjy   united, joined

bagly bolmak   to depend on

bagly   dependent

bag∫y   singer

bagt   luck

bagtly   happy (with luck)

bagyr   liver

bagyr-öÿken   lungs

bagy∫   devoted

bagy∫lamak   1. to forgive 2. to dedicate, devote

baha   mark, grade, price

bahana   excuse

bahanlamak   to find an excuse for

bahar   spring

bahyl   envious

bahyllyk   envy

bahym   soon (dialect of basym)

baja   wife's brother

bajak   cousin

bajy   husband's sister (rarely used)

bajyp   significant, important

bak   tank, vessel

baka   straight toward: Ol maña baka ÿörär gelÿärdi = she came straight to me

bakaleÿa   r. grocery store, groceries

bakaly   well, c'mon : Aÿt bakaly = well, tell me already

bakja   melonfield

bakmak   to graze animals

bakteria   r. bacteria

baky   eternal

bakyna   colonial

baky∫   glance : ogryn baky∫ = a furtive (stolen) glance

bal   honey

bala   baby

balak   pants

balçy   bee-keeper

baldak   stable

baldyz   younger sister-in-law

balet   r. ballet

balkon   r. balcony

balkyldamak   to glisten, glitter

ballistik   r. ballistic

balyk   fish

banderol   r. package

bank   bank

banka   r. jar

bap   chapter

bar   to exist : Seniñ kelläñ barmy? = Are you thinking? (Do you have your head?)

barabar   equal, equally

barada   about

barda∫ly   healthy

bardy-geldi   if something comes up : Bardy-geldi siz gerek bolsanyñiz... = If it happens you need something...

barha   all

barlag   check-up

barlag i∫   quiz

barlagçy   examiner

barlamak   to check, examine

barly   rich in possessions, abundant

barlyk   being

barly∫yk   coming, meeting, gathering

barmak   1. finger, toe 2. to go

barrikada   r. baracade

bars   r. snow leopard

barÿer   r. barrier

bary   all, everyone, everything, entire: Bary ∫umy? = Is this all?

bary-ÿogy   all in all

baryp   again

basgalamak   to trample

basgançak   step(s)

basmak   to press

basseÿn   r. pool

bassyrma   awning

basybalyjy   agressor

basylmak   to lose, be defeated

basym   soon

basyrganmak   to rant and rave

basyrmak   to close, cover

basy∫   pressure

ba∫   1. head 2. [a:] boil, abscess

ba∫ egme   worship

ba∫ egmek   to worship

ba∫ tutan   boss, chief

ba∫a-ba∫   one on one

ba∫agaÿ   1. vain 2. busy

ba∫agaÿlyk   vanity

ba∫arjan   efficient

ba∫armak   to be able to

ba∫arnykly   able, capable

ba∫arnyklyk   ability

ba∫a∫ak   the very height, the tippy-top

ba∫da    in the beginning

ba∫dan   from the very start

ba∫dan-aÿak   from head to toes

ba∫ga   other

ba∫ga zat   other things

ba∫gaça   1. differently 2. otherwise

ba∫lamak   to begin

ba∫langyç   primary beginning

ba∫ly-barat   orderliness

ba∫lyk   boss, hetman

bat   span

batalion   r. battallion

batareÿa   r. battery

batga   1. slime, mud 2. swamp

batlandyrmak   to stretch, extend

batmak   to sink, fall

batnyksyz   meaningless, silly

batyr   courageous, bold

batyrlyk   courage, boldness

baÿ   rich

baÿ-bow   good golly! sheesh!

baÿan   enriched, become rich

baÿanmak   to become rich

baÿdak   flag

baÿgu∫   owl

baÿla∫dyrmak   to enrich

baÿlyk   wealth

baÿrak   prize, reward

baÿram   festival

baÿry   old, great

baÿrynmak   to rely, be protected, be supported

baÿtal   mare

baÿyr   hill

baza   r. base, foundation

bazar   bazaar

be   wow! oh! gosh!

bede   hay

beden   body

beden terbiÿe   physical training

bedenterbie   gym, exercise

bedre   pail

bedroÿ   ugly

begenç   joy

begendirmek   to gladden

begeÿik   gusset

begres   coat

bejergi   1. treatment 2. design, pattern

bejermek   to treat, repair

bekemek   to harden, strengthen

beklemek   to block, seal off

bela   disaster

belent   big, tall, majestic

belentlik   height

belet   acquainted

beletçilik   acquaintance

belgi   sign

belgilemek   to signify, make or place a sign

belka   squirrel

belke   a noodle dish

belki   apparent

bellenme   nomination

bellenmek   to nominate, make known

belli   well-known

bellik   sign

bent   dam, dyke

bentlemek   to dam up

benzin   r. gasoline

berbat   destroyed, destruction

berç   tumor

berçikmek   to satiate

berçin   rivet

berekella   clever, "way-to-go"

bereket   abundance

bereketli   abundant

berentak   some

bergi   debt

bergidar   debtor

berhizli   on a diet

berjaÿ   fulfilment : Men buÿrugy berjaÿ etdim = I fulfilled the order

berk   firm, strong

berkitme   reinforced, reinforcement

berkitmek   to fortify

berklik   firmness, strength

berÿoza   r. birch

bes   enough

beslemek   to decorate

bet   bad

betbagt   bad luck

betbagtlyk   accident, misfortune

beter   worse

beterlemek   to worsen : Ÿel beterleÿärdi = The wind got worse

betgel∫ik   ugly

betlik   badness, mischief

betnebis   greedy

betnebislik   greed

betniet   malevolent, plotting

betnysan   ugly

beton   r. concrete

betpäl   malevolent, plotting

beÿan etmek   to describe, retell, relate

beÿan   tale

beÿanama   tale

beÿemçi   manager

beÿemçilik etmek   to manage

beÿgelmek   to grow taller

beÿhu∫   unconscious

beÿi   quince

beÿik   great, grand

beÿikli-pesli   high and low, one and all

beÿiklik   height

beÿle   1. so, such : Beÿle zady nireden aldyñ? = Where did you get such a thing? 2. that side

beÿleki   the other, a different

beÿläk   there : Ol beÿläk gitdi = He went there

beÿni   brain

bezeg   decoration

bezemek   to decorate

bezemen   well-dressed

bezmek   same as bezikmek

bezzat   little rascal

bä   golly, wow

bäbek   baby

bägül   rose

bähbit   advantage, gain, profit

bälçik   merry

bälçiremek   to make merry

bälçire∫mek   to joke around

bäri   1. here 2. since, this side of

bärik   here : Bärik geliñ = Come here

bäsde∫   rival

bäsle∫ik   rivalry

bä∫   five : Bä∫ barmagymyñ ÿaly bilÿärin = I know it like my five fingers

bä∫lik   1. "A" student 2. n. five, fiver

biabraÿ   shameful

biabraÿlyk   shame: Gör, nähile biabraÿlyk! = What a shame!

biagyry   careless, carefree

bialaç   willy-nilly, involuntarily: Biz bialaç razyla∫dyk = We agreed against our will

biçak   very, extremely : Sizde biçak uly pi∫ik bar = You have an extremely big cat

biçim   cut, fashion

biçimçi   tailor

biçmek   to cut, tailor

biderek   1. useless, worthless 2. dangerous

bidin   without permission

bidüzgün   undisciplined

biedep   discourteous

biedeplik   discourtesy

bigaÿrat   incapable

bigünä   innocent

bigünälik   innocence

bihabar   misinformed

bihepbe   a do-nothing, lazybones

bijaÿ   1. uncomfortable

bije   lot, fate, fortune : Bijeli oglan aglamaz ≈ Accept your fate

bikanun   lawless

bikär   idle

bil   waist

bilagyry   rheumatism

bilbag   belt

bilbil   nightingale

bildiri∫   announcement

bildirmek   to make known, to report upon

bile   together

bilek   fore-arm

bilele∫ik   association

bilelikde   together

bilen   with : Çaÿy gant bilen iç! = Drink the tea with sugar!

bilesigeliji   curious, prying

bilesigelijilik   curiousity

bilet   r. ticket

bilezik   bracelet

bilge∫leÿin   on purpose

bilgu∫ak   sash, girdle, belt

bilim   education, knowledge

bilimli   educated, knowledgeable

bilmek   to know, to be able : Men ÿüzüp bilmeÿärin = I can't swim

bilmezden   unknown

bilmezlik   unknowing

bimamla   wrong : Sen bimamla = You're wrong.

bimaza   sleepless

bina   building

binamys   shameless

bintlemek   to screw in

binÿät?   eternally joined (?)

biografiÿa   r. biography

biologiÿa   r. biology

biparh   indifferent, careless

biperwaÿ   indifferent

biperwaÿlyk   indifference

bir bar eken, bir ÿok eken   traditional story opening, like our "Once upon a time... "(lit. One says it was, one says it wasn't)

bir menzes   identical

bir   one, a

biraz   a little

birazajyk   a little bit

birbada   from the beginning

birçak   long ago

birden   suddenly

birdenka   all of a sudden

birehim   heartless, worthless

birek-biregi   each other

birhili   1. strange, somewhat 2. monotonous, boring

biri   one of : kitabyñ biri = one of the books

birigün   day after tomorrow

birikmek   to unite

birin-birin   from start to finish

birinji   first

biriñilik   priority

birkemsiz   irreproachable

birle∫dirmek   to unite

birle∫en   united

birle∫ik   union

birle∫mek   to be united : Ähli ÿurtlaryñ proletary birle∫iñ! = Workers of the world, unite!

birlik   1. unit 2. oneness 3. only

birlikde   together, as one

birmahal   a long time ago

birmeñze∫   identical

birnäçe   some

birsydyrgyn   consecutive, uniformly distributed

birsyhly   continuous : Çagajyk birsyhly aglardy = The kid was crying constantly

birtaraplaÿyn   one-sided

birwagt   a long time ago, once

birÿyllyk   adj. one-year

bisarpa   thriftless, uneconomical

bi∫-du∫   meal

bi∫irmek   to cook, prepare a dish : meniñ ejem çörek bi∫irdi = my mother made bread (çörek)

bi∫mek    to be cooked

bitarap   neutral

bitaraplyk   neutrality

bitaÿ   pairless, odd: bitaÿ jorap = odd sock

bitewi   sole

bitin   whole, entire

bitirmek   to fill up

bitmek   to become full, to be fulfilled: Onuñ islegi bitdi = His desires were fulfilled

biwagt   at the wrong time

biwepa   faithless, untrue

biwepalyk   faithlessness

biygtyÿar   involuntary

biynjalyk   uneasy

biz   1. we 2. awl

bizar bolmak   to get sick of, grow tired of: Siziñ gürrüñleriñizden men bezigipdirin = I've grown tired of your talk

blank   r. form

bloknot   r. notepad

bogaldak   mast

bogaz   1. inlet 2. throat

bogmak   to tie, bind

bognamak   to saw: Agajy bognadym = I sawed wood

bogulmak   to suffocate

bogun   syllable

bok   feces

boks   r. boxing

boksçy   boxer

bokyrdak   throat

bol   1. full of, rich with : By derÿada balyk bol = This river is full of fish 2. Command form of bolmak, often used with animals : Bol! = Stay!

bolelenlik   sufficient

bolgusyz   meaningless, absurd, ridiculous

bolmak   to be, happen

bolmasa   if not, or else : Gowy oka, bolmasa instituta girip bilmersiñ = Study well, or else you won't enter the institute.

boluçlyk   abundant

bolu∫   1. behaviour 2. victory

bolÿar   okay, good

bomba   r. bomb

bombalamak   to bomb

boran   snowstorm

borç   duty

borçlanmak   to take a duty upon oneself

borona   r. harrow (in a field)

bor∫   r. borscht (soup)

bort   r. beehive

bosaga   threshold : bosagadan ätlemek = to cross a threshold

bosmak   to flee

bo∫   free, empty, unused

bo∫atmak   to empty, unload

bo∫luk   emptiness

botanika   r. botanical

botlamak   to birth, to calve

boÿ   height

boÿag   paint

boÿamak   to paint

boÿdan-ba∫a   from start to finish

boÿda∫   1. girlfriend 2. person of the same height

boÿun almak   to admit, confess

boÿun   neck

boÿunça   on, along, according to : Plan boÿunça i∫ledik = We worked according to the plan

boz   fallow, untilled : boz erler = virgin lands

bozgak   trouble-maker

bozgaklyk   trouble, sedition

bozguç   eraser

bozmak   1. to erase 2. to ruin

bozulan   out of tune, out of whack

bozylmak   to be ruined

bökdemek   to obstruct

bökdenç   obstruction

bökmek   to bounce, jump

bölek   part

bölek-bölek   to pieces : Kagyzy bölek-bölek etdim = I tore the paper to pieces

bölekleyin   partial

bölmek   to divide, to part

bölüm   section

bölü∫mek   to get done

börek   pilmeni

böri   wolf, wolfish

börük   skull cap

böwet   dam

böwrek   kidney

böw∫eñ   spacious

böwür   side, flank : Meniñ sag böwrüm agyrÿar = My right side hurts

böwürslen   blackberry

böwüsmek   to penetrate, break through

bu   this

bug   steam

bugarmak   to evaporate

bugdaÿ renk   dark in complexion

bugdaÿ   wheat

bugdaÿ   wheat

buhgalter   r. bookkeeper

bukdaklamak   to creep, to sneak

bukja   bag, envelope

bukmak   to conceal, hide away : Ol otlyçöpi çagalardan bukÿar = She hides the matches from the kids

bukullym   hide and seek (game)

buky   shelter, cover

bulak   spring, tap

bulam-bujar   confusion

bulamak   to mix, stir

bulanmak   1. to be mixed, stirred 2. to feel nauseous, vomitous

bula∫dyrmak   to mix up

bula∫mak   1. to get dirty 2. to get tangled and confused

bula∫yk   entangled

bulaÿlamak   to wave, brandish

buldozer   r. bulldozer

buldurçyn   frost

bulgur   wine-glass

bulukmak   to increase

bulut   cloud

burawlamak   to drill, bore

burç   1. angle, corner 2. pepper

burjy   frost

burmak   to twist, whirl

burugçy   a puff

burugsamak   to puff, swirl, curl (of smoke)

burun   nose

bu∫lamak   to bring good tidings : Ol meniñ oglumyñ bolanyny bu∫lady = He brought me the news of my son's birth

but   hip, thigh

buterbrod   r. sandwich

buthana   church

butnamak   to move : Butnaman dur! = Stand still!

buÿrak   curl, curly = buÿrak saçly ÿigit = curly-haired lad

buÿruk   command

buÿsanç   pride

buÿsanjan   proud

buÿsanmak   to be proud

buÿurmak   to order, command

buz   ice

büdremek   to stumble on : Da∫a büdredim = I tripped on a stone

bükdürmek   to pound, twist

bükgüldemek   to throb, pound

bükmek   to bend

bükülmek   to be bent, to bend (oneself)

büre   1. flea 2. fleabite

büremek   to cloud, obscure

bürgüt   eagle

bürje∫mek   to be wrinkled

bürkür   hunched

bürmek   to wrinkle

bürünç   1. bronze 2. rice

bütin   whole, throughout

bütindünÿa   universal

bütinleÿ   completely

büzmek   to tighten, pull together

büzülmek   to be tightened

bÿujet   r. budget

bÿuro   r. bureau

byçgy   saw

byçgylmak   to saw

bykyn   side

byzmyk   pancake, crepe

Ç

çabga   downpour

çadyr   tent

çaga   1. child 2. children's

çaga-çuga   children, kids

çagalar bagy   kindergarden

çagaly   with children

çagalyk   1. childhood 2. childness

çagarmak   to call, invite

çagary∫   invitation

çagsamak   1. to be destroyed 2. to be old

çagsyldamak   to rustle

çagyl   gravel

çagyrmak   1. to invite 2. to call 3. to summon

çak   1. measure, degree, way 2. offer, proposal, suggestion 3. time 4. probability, likelihood

çak etmek   to guess

çakdana∫a   excessive

çakgan   dextrous, adroit, deft

çakganlyk   adroitness, dexterity

çakgy   pen-knife

çaklamak   to suppose, assume

çakmak   1. to sting or bite 2. to chirp

çakny∫mak   1. to strike, knock 2. to collide, run into

çakny∫yk   collision, crash

çaksyz   immeasurable, immense

çakylyk   invitation

çakyr   alcohol

çaky∫mak   to collide, run into, come across

çakyza   sick; having a headache

çal   I. camel's milk II. gray, dull in color

çala   1. hardly, scarcely; only a little 2. incidentally, in passing 3. slowly

çalaja   a little

çalajan   half-dead

çalam-ça∫   scattered

çalarmak   to turn gray

çalasowat   uneducated, ignorant

çalasowatlyk   ignorance

çalasyn   quick, agile

çalasynlyk   quickness, agility

çalgy   machete

çalgyrt   with an accent

çalmak   1. to smear, rub, spread 2. to play a musical instrument 3. to grind; sharpen 4. to strike, knock, hit

çalpaw   puddle, pool

çal∫yk   exchange, interchange

çal∫yrgyç   shift (of work)

çal∫yrmak   1. to exchange; barter 2. to confuse, mix-up

çal∫yrynmak   to change one's clothes

çalt   quickly, rapidly

çaltlandyrmak   to ; speed

çaltlyk   quickness, swiftness, rapidity

çalykmak   to dry up, wither

çalym etmek   to resemble

çaly∫ma   1. exchange 2. pronoun

çaly∫mak   1. to exchange; barter 2. to vary, alternate 3. to try for, strive for 4. to be replaced, relieved

çaman   lazy, idle, sluggish

çanak   1. cup 2. kneecap

çanaklyk   pelvis

çañ   dust

çañamak   to get dusty

çañjarmak   to get dusty

çaññalak   to become dusty

çap etme   publication

çap etmek   to publish

çap   seal, stamp

çapady   chapati

çapak   I. cotton II.

çapçy   printer

çapgy   chopper, small hammer

çapgyn   sharp, biting, piercing

çaphana   printing plant

çapmak   I. 1. to skip, hop, gallop, race 2. to run around, avoid II. to chop

çapyk   1. fallen tree 2. scar

çapyksuwar   equestrian

çapy∫mak   to compete with; strive to overpass

çapy∫yk   race

çaramak : ba∫yñy çaramak   to inquire, consult

çarh   1. spinning wheel 2. wheel

çarkandak   hole

çarlak   sea gull

çarpaÿa galmak   to stand on end

çarpmak   to clap

çarpy∫yk : el çarpy∫yk   applause

çarsenbe   Wednesday

çar∫ak   1. pitchfork 2. fork

çar∫enbe   Wednesday

çarwa   nomad

çarwadçylyk   transcience (the state of being a nomad)

çasly   loud, great

çaslyk   bandy-legged

çasowoÿ   r. by the hour, by the clock

çasy   slanting, oblique; squinty-eyed

çasyrmak   1. to pitch a tent, spread out, set up 2. to knock down, overthrow 3. to knock unconscious

ça∫mak   1. to disperse, break up 2. to come apart, fall to pieces 3. to lose, waste 4. to be lost, wasted

çat   split, crack, crevice

çatak   difficult

çatalba   anat. sacrum

çatlamak   to burst, crack up, split open

çatma   hut, tent

çatmak   1. to sew, embroider 2. to tie together, connect, bind 3. to snatch, grasp, seize

çatryk   crossroads

çatynja = täze çatynja   newlyweds

çawmak   to ricochet

çaÿ   I. tea II. small river, creek

çaÿ-çörek   meal

çaÿhana   tea-house

çaÿkamak   1. to rinse out 2. to rinse, gargle 3. to rock, swing, shake

çaÿkamak   to rinse

çaÿkanmak   to stagger, lurch

çaÿke∫   tea-lover

çaÿlamak   to water, give drink

çaÿmak   to cover, coat

çaÿ∫armak   to bend, to distort

çaÿ∫yk   bandy-legged

çaÿyr   bot. chayir

çebis   kid

çeb∫ek   little bunny

çek   check : çek boÿunça tölemek = to pay by check

çekankalamak   to mint, coin, chase

çekdirme   chekdirme, a traditional Turkmen meat dish

çekelemek   1. to torment, torture 2. to pester

çekele∫ik   discussion, dispute, controversy

çekele∫mek   to dispute, argue, quarrel

çeker   sliding box, drawer

çekge   cheek-bone

çekiç   hammer

çekilmek   1. to step back, fall back, retreat 2. to reduce diminish, grow less 3. to grow lean

çekimiz   agreeable, harmonious

çekimli   public

çekimli ses   vowel

çekimsiz ses   consonant

çekinmede   feel free to...

çekinmek   1. to feel shy, embarrassed 2. to be afraid

çekirtge   locust

çekis   hammer

çekisme   discussion, debate

çeki∫me etmek   to debate

çeki∫meler   debate

çekize   chekize: a common milk product resembling cream cheese, but more sour

çekmek   I. 1. to pull, draw, tow 2. to carry, drag, pull 3. to last : Examinler bir aÿa çekdi = The exam took one month 4. to lead, conduct 5. to drag in, involve 6. 7. to smoke 8. to get procure 9. to be like, resemble 10. to carry, bear, bring 11. to draw a picture, make a design II. to hang up; weigh

çekremek   to bleat

çelek   cask, tun

çelgi   landmark

çelpek   r.

çem   successful moment, good event

çemçe   spoon

çeme   convenient situation?

çemedan   r. suitcase

çemelenmek   to prepare, train

çemele∫mek   to approach, go up to, arrive, come

çemeli   1. convenient, comfortable 2. exemplary, approximate 3. apparently, evidently

çemen   1. banquet wreath 2. meadow

çemesiz   inconvenient, uncomfortable

çempion   r. champion

çempionat   r. championship

çen   1. situation 2. time 3. measure, degree, way

çendan   sometimes, occasionally, here and there

çendana∫a   excessive

çenemek   1. to take aim at 2. to threaten

çenemek   to chew

çenlemek   to suppose, assume, plan

çenli   until

çensiz   immeasurable, immense

çeññek   hook, crochet needle

çep   left, left side

çepbekeÿ   southpaw, left-handed person

çeper   1. skilled, skillful 2. artful 3. eloquent

çeper eser   fiction

çeperçilik   mastery, art

çeperlik   mastery

çepiksi   scrawny, skin-and-bones

çerkes   r. Circassian (ethnicity)

çermek   

çermemek   to turn up, tuck up

çernil   r. purple

çertÿor   r. draft, mechanical drawing

çe∫me   1. key 2. spring, source

çe∫me   source

çet   I. 1. border, edge, boundary 2. fringe II. foreign

çetin   difficult

çetle∫dirmek   to isolate, to insulate

çetle∫mek   to be isolated, insulated

çeÿe   flexible, pliable

çeÿelik   flexibility

çeÿnemek   1. to chew 2. to bite

çäç   agri. yield (of grain)

çäge   sand

çägesöw ÿer   a place with sandy soil

çäk   1. border 2. a definite part

çäklendirmek   to organize

çäklenmek   to be organized, arranged, outlined

çäksiz   boundless, limitless

çäkÿaka   collor of a boy's traditional Turkmen shirt

çäre   punishment

çäresiz   forced, of necessity

çärÿek   quarter

çä∫ermek   to lie, be still

çäÿnek   teapot

çäÿnik   teapot

çig   1. damp, moist 2. unripe, immature 3. crude, raw : çig mal = natural resources

çigildem   tulip

çigilmek   to get tied up in knots

çigin   I. shoulder, back II. lot, destiny

çigit   sunflower seed : çigit ÿag = sunflower oil

çigmal   raw materials

çigmek   1. to get tied up, stuck in a knot 2. to get entangled, confused, perplexed

çigrek   rime, mist

çigreklemek   to catch a cold

çigremek   1. to become chilly 2. to become warm

çikge   corner of the eye

çil   border

çilik   "chilik", a children's game

çilim   cigarette

çilimke∫   smoker

çili∫irmek   to cross one's legs

çintgemek   to inquire, to ask

çiñe   steadfast

çiñerilmek   to stare

çiñrik   reed, cane : ∫eker çiñrik = sugar cane

çirkeÿ   mosquito; moth

çirkin   shrill, penetrating, piercing

çirkizmek   to roast; fry

çirtmek   1. to pinch, to tweak 2. to cut, incise

çisme   inflammation

çismek   1. to inflate, swell 2. to inflate, puff out

çisñemek   to drizzle

çisñi   drizzle, frost

çi∫   I. swelling, tumor II. 1. spit 2.

çi∫ik   thick, large, big, stout, fat

çi∫irmek   to inflate, to swell

çi∫lik   shish-kebob

çi∫me   inflammation

çi∫mek   to become inflamed

çit   1. chinze, cotton 2. adj. cotton

çitgitlemek   to crack; chew nuts, seeds

çitim   connection, knot

çitmek   to tie together, bend, connect

çlen   r. member, limb, article, part

çlenlik   r, membership

çog   heat, sultriness

çogdan   tuft, shred, rag

çogmak   to flow, pour, spread

çokalamak   to peck

çokaÿ   chokai, Turkmen leather shoes

çokmak   to peck, pick, bite

çola   1. secluded 2. unpopulated

çolak   cripple

çolamak   1. to wrap up drop in 2. to wrap up

çolarmak   to become empty, deserted

çola∫mak   1. to get confused, mixed up 2. to become entangled

çolpy   ladle

çoluk   shepherd boy

çommalmak   to squat, curtsy

çommaltmak   1. to protrude 2. to poke, jab, thrust

çonak   lacking one or more toes or fingers

çopan   shepherd

çopançilik   shepherdhood

çopantelpek   camomille

çor   dirt, mud

çorba   soup

çorlamak   to get dirty

çotga   r. brush

çotgalamak   r. 1. to clean 2. to brush, to brush off

çowdary   rye

çowlamak   I. to sharpen II. to burn, scorch, singe

çowluk   great-grandson

çoÿmak   to warm up, heat

çoÿun    r. cast iron, made of cast iron

çoÿunmak   to heat

çozmak   1. to advance 2. to dash, rush

çöke dü∫mek   to sit on the knees, to kneel

çökermek   to kneel

çöket   low, lower

çöketlik   lowlands, hollow

çökmek   1. to sink, fall, come down, go down 2. to subside, settle 3. to bend one's knees 4. to sit down, board, get into

çökündi   1. sediment, aftertaste 2. deposit (geological)

çöl   desert

çöp   1. stick 2.

çöpboÿa   bot. chopboia

çöpleme   1. (burning) chip, spill 2. brushwood

çöplemek   to pick up

çöplemek   to pick up, gather, collect

çöpür   goat wool

çör   low

çörlek   bread (also "food" in general)

çö∫lemek   used in ÿumagy gö∫lemek

çöwre   back, inside, wrong side

çöwrülmek   1. to turn inside out 2. to turn over, overturn

çöz   anat. mesentery

çözgüt   decision, resolution

çözlemek   to untangle

çözmek   1. to untie, unleash, loosen 2. to solve, decide, resolve

çözülmek   1. to come untied 2. to be resolved

çözü∫   solution

çugutmak   to roll up, curl up

çukanak   hole

çukur   I. hole, pit, dungeon II. 1. deep, profound, low 2. hollow, sunken

çukuralmak   1. to extend, make more profuse, make deeper 2. to sink, to grow hollow

çukurlyk   hole, pit

çuñ   deep

çuñalmak   to make deeper, to become more profound, extensive

çuñaltmak   to deepen

çuñla∫mak   to deepen gradually

çuñluk   depth, remoteness

çuññur   profound

çuñsamak   to shriek, yelp

çus   swift-footed

çuw   adjectival intesifier : ÿumagy gö∫lemek =

çuwal   chuwal, Turkmen sack

çuwa∫   r. Chugach (nationality)

çülpe   small, tiny

çümdürmek   1. to put inside, to stick into 2. to immerse, sink into, plunge

çümhörek   legible, discernible, fastidious

çümhöreklik   legibility, scrupulousness

çümmek   1. to thrust, to plunge, to transfix 2. to be absorbed in, lost in

çümmük   pinch

çümmüklemek   to pinch, to tweak

çüm∫üldi   a tickle, a strange feeling on the skin

çümürmek   to soak

çünki   because, therefore

çüñk   1. corner, angle, nook 2. beak, bill

çüpremek   to degenerate

çür depesi   1. top, crest 2. the highest ranks

çürelmek   to taper

çüri   conical, crested

çürt-kesik   bluntly; categorically

çürü∫mek   to wither, shrivel, shrink

çüwde   butt

çüwdürmek   to stream, flow, run

çüwek   to drive, transport, pull

çüÿ   nail

çüÿlemek   to nail

çüÿremek   to rot

çüÿrük   rotten, putrid

çüÿrüklik   rottenness

çüÿrüntgi   humus

çüÿ∫e   1. glass, pane 2. bottle

çyban   boil, furnucle

çyb∫yldy   rustle (noise)

çyb∫yrlamak   to rustle (to make a rustling noise)

çybyk   rod, switch

çybyklamak   1. to cut up, chop, cleave 2. to whip, flog

çybyn   mosquito

çydam   patience

çydamak   1. to suffer, endure, withstand 2. to tolerate, to bear 3. to snatch, grab, seize

çydamly   1. tolerant; bearable 2. solid, firm, lasting

çydamlylyk   1. tolerance 2. durability

çydamsyz   1. impatient 2. intolerant

çyg   moisture

çygjarmak   to wet or dampen slightly

çygly   moist, raw, wet, humid, damp

çyglyk   moistness, humidity, dampness

çyg∫yldamak   to rustle (to make a rustling noise)

çyg∫yldy   rustle (noise)

çygylmak   to grieve, long for

çygyrmak   to cry out, bawl, lament, wail

çykalga   exit

çykan   cousin

çykarmak   1. to take out, pull at 2. to take off, strip, undress 3. to let out, release 4. to dismiss, discard 5. to publish, edit, put out 6. to manufacture, produce 7. to get, obtain, procure 8. to display, expose 9. to dislocate, sprain 10. to remove, transfer

çykdajy   expenditure, debt

çykdaÿjy   expense

çykgynsyz   1. continual 2. desperate, hopeless

çykmak   1. to exit, to leave 2. to go, set off 3. to climb up, into 4. to utter, emit 5. to result in 6. to turn out, be found 7. to meet 8. to leave, withdraw, drop out 9. to originate, eminate 10. to dislocate, sprain : gap∫y çykmak = to oppose : ÿatdan çykmak = to forget

çykyrynmak   to take off, to strip

çyky∫ etmek   to perform, make a speech

çyky∫   speech, presentation

çykyw   address

çylgym   strip, streak

çylka   fillet

çylpyk   pus

çylpyklamak   to fester

çyl∫yrymla∫dyrmak   to be complicated

çyl∫yrymla∫mak   to become complicated

çyl∫yrymly   complex, complicated

çym   : Çym-çym etme! = Don't be shy! (used when someone is eating little)

çyn   true

çyn ÿürekden   sincerely

çynar   plane tree

çynlakaÿ   in earnest, seriously

çynÿürekde∫lik   sincerity

çyp   noise from eating?

çypar   red, sorrel

çypdyrma   lie, falsehood

çyplak   lightly dressed, with light baggage

çyplañ   lightly dressed, with light baggage

çyra   lamp

çyrçyk   sickness

çyrçyklamak   to fall ill

çyrlamak   to wind around, embrace with

çyrmamak   to wrap up

çyrma∫mak   to plait, braid

çyrma∫yk   ivy

çyrpmak   I. to mint, coin II. to rinse, gargle

çyrpynmak   1. to wind, wiggle, twist, meander 2. to roar, rage, storm

çyrryldamak   to whistle

çyrryldyy   a whistle

çyr∫ak   dirt, mud

çyr∫amak   1. to smear, to rub in, to spread

çytala∫mak   to try, to endeavor, to strive

çytmak   to knit the browns, to frown, to wrinkle

çytyk   1. gloomy, sullen, cloudy (personal) 2. gloomy, dark (weather)

çyzgmak   to turn up, to tuck up

çyzgy   1. drawing 2. drawing, draft, note

çyzgyç   ruler (for geometry)

çyzmak   to draw, design

çyzmyk   stripe

çyzyk   line, trait, feature

D

daban   sole (of foot)

dabara   celebration, ceremony

dabaralanmak   to celebrate, observe a ceremony

dabaraly   ceremonial

dadyrmak   to taste

dag   mountain

dagatmat   to scatter

daglamak   1. to grill 2. to brand

dagly   mountain-dweller

dagy   else, what else : Dagy zat tapmadyñmy? = Didn't you find anything else?

dagy-duwara   from now on, henceforward

dagynyk   uncoordinated, odd

dahylly   important, relevant : Bu saña dahylly däl = This doesn't concern you

dakmak   to put on : Ol barmagyña ÿüzük dakdy = She put the ring on her finger

dakynmak   to wear

dalak   med. spleen

dalan   veranda, porch

dalbar   summer-house

dalçyn   carnation

dalda   help, aid

daljykmak   to pant, be out of breath

damak   throat

damar   vein, artery, nerve : gan damar = blood vessel

damdyk   small drop (i.e. of water)

damja   drop

damjalamak   to drip

dammak   to drip : Dama-dama köl bolar, hiç dammasa - çöp bolar ≈ Drop by drop makes a lake, but not a drop makes a desert

daniÿaly   Danish

danmak   to tie, fasten

dañ atmak   to dawn

dañ   dawn

dañdan   at dawn

dañdanky   adj. early-morning

dañmak   1. to tie 2. to wrap around

dañy   tether, tie

dar   narrow

darak   comb

daraklyk   toes

daralmak   to shrink

daramak   to comb

dartgynly   tense, intense

dartmak   to tug

dary   millet

darykmak   to worry

da∫   I. far II. 1. exterior 2. yard, outside area 3. cover (i.e. of a book) III. [a:] stone

da∫-töwerek   vicinity, surroundings

da∫amak   to carry

da∫ary   1. outside 2. external

da∫ary ÿurt dili   foreign language

da∫de∫en   woodpecker

da∫gyn   above, beyond

da∫ky   outside, outer

da∫lamak   to stone, throw stones at

da∫la∫dyrmak   to remove, extract

da∫ly   stony, rocky

da∫lykdaky   remote

da∫mak   to overflow

da∫yndan   besides, in addition to

dat-bidat!   help!

datmak   to taste

davaÿ   r. "Come on! Let's!"

dawa   conflict, argument

dawala∫mak   to argue

dawaly   argumentative

daÿamak   to prop up

daÿanç   support

daÿaw   strong, healthy

daÿhan   peasant (often used to replacethe Russian "kolhoznik" , meaning "collective farmer")

daÿy   uncle

daÿza   1. aunt 2. ma'am

dazarylmak   to come down hard on someone, get tough with

dazlamak   to rush, speed along

debsilmek   to spur

degerli   1. persuasive, convincing 2. efficacious

degirmek   to concern, affect

degirmen   mill : degirmen da∫y = millstone

degi∫gen   joker

degi∫li bolmak   to belong

degi∫li   concerning, in relation to

degi∫mek   to joke

degmek   1. to touch 2. to bump against 3. fig. to affect, bother, play with : Gowusy, sen maña degme! = You'd better not mess with me!

dek   I. still, unmoving II. like, as : Bu burç dek ajy = This is hot as a pepper

dekabr   r, December

dekada   r, decade

dekan   r, dean

dekrek   r, decree

del   unusual, strange

delegat   r, delegate

delegatsiÿa   r, delegation

delil   evidence, case

delillendirmek   to present evidence, make a case

dellek   barber

dellekhana   barber shop

dem almak   to breathe

dem   breath, vapor : demiñizi goÿberiñ! = Please exhale!

dem-dynç   a break, a rest

demgysma   asthma

demikmek   to gasp, breath heavily

demir   iron : demir ÿol = railroad

demirgazyk   north

demirgazyk-günbatar   northwest

demirgazyk-gündogar   northeast

demlemek   to boil (water for tea) : Çaÿ demleÿärin = I'm making tea

demokratik   r. democratic

demokratsiÿa   r. democracy

demrew   herpes (includes all herpes family diseases, such as psoriasis, shingles, and ringworm)

deñ   the same, equal : Boÿlary deñ agaçlar = The trees are the same height

deñdu∫   person of the same age, peer

deñe-deñ   the same

deñeç   until : Biz giç ag∫ama deñeç oturdyk = We sat until late in the evening

deñemek   1. to check (against, with) 2. to try on

deñe∫dirmek   to check (against, with)

deñiz   ocean, sea

deñizçi   sailor

deñlemek   to make even, to even out

deñlik   equality

deñsizlik   inequality

depder   notebook

depderçe   little book

depe   1. top 2. hill, knoll 3. can be used as a preposition : Depämizden samolÿot uçup geçdi = A plane flew by above us

depelemek   to trample

depgilemek   to trample

depgip   pace

depjemek   to stitch

depmek   to kick

deprek   drum

deprenmek   to get a kick out of, be taken with

deputat   r. deputy

der   sweat

dere   valley

deregine   instead of : Ol öz kitabyñ derigine da∫ga biriniñ kitabyny aldy = He took a different book instead of his own

dereje   degree, extent

derek   I. information II. in place of III. bot. poplar

derekli   informative

dereksiz   1. uninformative 2. unmotivated

deri   skin, leather

derkar   necessary

derlemek   to sweat

derman   medicine

dermanhana   drugstore

dermanlamak   to spinkle, spray

derñew   examination, analysis

derñewçi   examiner

derrew   at once, right now : Muny derrew etmeli = This needs to be done at once

ders   I. lesson II. manure

dert   ill

derwaÿys   vital, urgent, important

derweze   gate

derÿa   river

desga   structure

desse   bunch, clump : gül desseçi = a bouquet of flowers

dessine   just as, as soon as

dessur   tradition, custom

de∫ik   1. hole 2. full of holes : de∫ik halta = sack with many holes 3. gap

de∫irmek   to check against, with

de∫mek   to make a hole, puncture

däde   uncle, father (Balkan dialect)

däl   not

däli   crazy: däli bolmak = to go crazy

däliremek   to go crazy

däne   1. seed, pit; grain, kernel 2. bunch, group

dänmek   1. to deny 2. to retract (ie. one's words)

däp   tradition

däp-dessur   tradition

dialekt   r. dialect

didar   face: Men seniñ didaryña zar ≈ I miss you

didivan   gun-sight, gun-scope

digden eklemek   to tremble

digir   grain

diglemek   to shudder

dik   steep; perpendicular

dikdü∫di   obstinate

dikelmek   1. to straighten oneself; raise oneself

dikeltmek   1. to straighten, to set straight

dikmek   to dig in

diktant   r. dictation

diktatura   r. dictatorship

diktor   r. radio-announcer

dil   1. toungue 2. language 3. pointer, indicator (ie. on a gauge)

dilden   orally

dildüw∫ük   plot, conspiracy

dileg   prayer

dilemek   1. to ask 2. to wish 3. to pray

dilewar   1. witty 2. wit

dilik etmek   to slit

dilik   n. slit; slice; cut

dilim   slice; segment

dillenmek   to say something

dille∫mek   to make said; to come to the point

dilmek   to cut; slice

din   religion

dindar   religious; faithful

dini   religious

diñ   emphatic preposition: Ol diñ arkan ÿykyldy = He fell flat (directly) on his back

diñ salmak   to overhear; to hear about

diñe   only

diñir genmek   to ponder, meditate on

diñlemek   to listen

diñleÿji   listener; audience

diñleÿmek   1. to listen 2. to overhear

diñmek   to become calm; grow quiet; cease

diñ∫irgemek   to listen to

diplom   r. diploma

diplomatic   r. diplomatic

direg   strut, brace, prop

direktor   r. director

direlmek   to come to life

diremek   to prop up; brace

direnmek   to be propped up; c=braced

diri   alive

dirijÿor   r. conductor (of a band or orchestra)

diriligene   alive

dirili∫   resurrection

dispanser   r. clinic

dispetçer   r. dispatcher

dissertatsiÿa   r. dissertation

di∫   tooth : Di∫ agyrysy = toothache

di∫lemek   1. to bite 2. to have a bite, eat a little

diversiÿa   r. sabotage

divisiÿa   r. division (military)

diwar   wall

diÿen ÿaly   almost

diÿmek   1. to say: Muña näme diÿÿärler? = What's this called? 2. to mean, to signify; to imply

dizel   r. diesel

dodak   lip

doga   from birth

doga okamak   to pray

dogan   brother

dogan-garynda∫   relative

doganlyk   brotherhood

doganoglan   cousin

doglan güni   birthday

doglu∫   birth

dogmak   to rise (of the sun)

dogralmak   to be straightened up

dograltmak   to straighten up

dograma   dograma, a dish made of stuffing, onions, and sheep's head , sometimes made into soup

dogramak   to cut to pieces

dogruçyl   honest, sincere

dogruçyllyk   sincerity

dogruda   concerning

dogrudan   true, really

dogrulamak   to direct, aim at

dogrusy   in truth, truly

dogry   1. true 2. exact 3. straight 4. righteous, upright

dogulmak   to be born

dogumly   determined

dogurmak   to give birth

dok   full, satisfied

dokalmak   to be woven

dokamak   to weave

dokçulyk   prosperity

doklad   r. report

dokluk   satisfaction

dokma   weaving, carpet-making : dokma fabrigi = carpet factory

doktor   r. doctor

dokument   r. document

dokuz   nine

dokuzynjy   ninth

doky   Belugian

dolag   wrapper

dolak   leg-wrappings

dolama   ground meat wrapped in cabbage

dolamak   1. to wrap, bind 2. to turn, double back

dolandyrmak   to manage, control

dolandyrys   management

dolanmak   to come back

doldurgyç   gram. object : göni baglanÿan doldurgyç = direct object : gytaklaÿyn baglanÿan doldurgyç = indirect object

doldurmak   to fill

dolmak   to be filled

doly   I. hail II. [o:] full(y), filled; thick; complete

domma   quiet, reserved

don   robe (traditional Turkmen)

doñ   frozen

doñaklyk   freeze, frost

doñan   rigid, frozen

doñdurma   ice-cream

doñdurmak   to freeze

doñmak   to be frozen

doñuz   pig

dor   bay (color of a horse)

dos   used in superlatives: dos-doly = completely full

dost   friend, friendly (male or neuter)

dost-ÿar   friends

dostla∫mak   to become friends

dostluk   friendship

dotsent   r. doccent

dowam etmek   to continue

dowamynda   during

dowan   length, course (of time)

dowanly   lengthy

dowar   livestock (specifically: sheeps, goats, and small cattle)

dowul   panic

dowzah   hell

doÿa   until satisfied : Men doÿa iÿdim = I ate until I was full

doÿmak   to eat one's fill, stuff oneself: Men doÿdym = I'm full, I've stuffed myself

doÿurmak   to fill (an animal) with food

dökmek   1. to spill 2. to leak

dökülmek   1. to be poured out 2. to drop : Agaçlaryñ ÿapaklary dökülÿär = Leaves fall from the trees

dökün   manure, nightsoil

dökünlemek   to fertilize

dömmek   to tear off a piece

döndermek   to flip over

dönmek   1. to be flipped over 2. to switch over, turn : Bu gün howa gy∫a döndi = Today the weather turned wintry

dönük   traitor, turn-coat

dönüklik   treachery

dördünji   fourth

dörediji   creator

döredijilik   creation

döremek   to arise, spring up

döretme   creation

döretmek   to create

döretmek   to start, create, found

dörjemek   to dig into

dörmek   to search, dig around for

dört   four

dörtlük   a four, a "B" student

dörü∫dirmek   to turn over

dös   pile, heap

dö∫   breast

döw   I. set, match II. giant; demon

döwek   threshing : döwek döwmek = to thresh

döwlet   1. government 2. richness, goodness

döwmek   to break

döwründe   during

döwük   broken

döwülgiç   fragile

döwülmek   to break

döwüm   piece, lump, portion

döwür   1. epoch 2. period, time

döwürde∫   contemporary (said of a person)

döwürleÿin   periodic

dözmek   to be uncaring

dözümli   hardy, staunch

dözümsiz   sympathetic, compassionate

drama   r. drama

duçar bolmak   to be faced with

duk   mixed up

dul   1. place of respect 2. widower

dul aÿal   widow

duldeg∫ir   near, neighborly : duldeg∫ir bolup ÿa∫amak = to be a neighbor to, live near

duluk   cheek

duman   fog, mist, haze

dumanlamak   to grow foggy

dumanly   foggy, misty : dumanly daglar = misty mountains

dura-bara   gradually, continually

duralga   stop (as in bus or taxi stop)

durdugyça   gradually, continually

durlamak   to clear, make still

durmak   1. to stand, be still 2. to be (used to express cost or fixed state) 3. used as a modal verb to express a state of being or continual action: Ol gülüp durÿar = She's smiling, she's been smiling

durmu∫   life, existence

durmu∫a çykan   married (of a girl)

durmu∫a çykmak   to marry (of a girl)

durna   crane (bird)

durnukly   solid, stable

durnuklylyk   stability

dur∫una   entirely

duruzmak   to make a stop, to stop

dury   pure

du∫ bolmak   to be faced with something

du∫ gelmek   to meet, come to

du∫   I. [u:] close to : Ol du∫una bardy = He went closer II. r. shower

du∫ak   fetters

du∫enbe   Monday

du∫ly   closely

du∫mak   to meet, encounter

du∫man   enemy

du∫mançylyk   animosity

du∫u∫mak   to meet, encounter

du∫u∫yk   meeting, encounter

dutar   dutar, a traditional Turkmen instrument which is two-stringed, looks somewhat like a mandolin and has a twangy sound

duw   superlative affiz: duw-ak = the whitest, completely white

duÿdansyz   sudden, reflexive

duÿdurmak   1. to warn 2. to portend 3. to inform

duÿdury∫   warning

duÿguda∫   sympathetic

duÿguda∫lyk   sympathy

duÿgur   impressionable, perceptive, sensual

duÿgy   sense, feeling

duÿmak   to feel

duz   salt

duzak   snare

duzlamak   to salt

duzly   salty : duzsuz bolsa atarsyñ, duzly bolsa nädersiñ! = If it's not salty, you can add salt; if it's salty, there's nothing you can do!

dükan   shop, store; stall

dükürdemek   1. to stomp 2. to make an indistinct noise

dükürdetmek   to stomp

düme   dry-farming

dümew   1. virus, common cold 2. flu

dümewlemek   to have a cold

dünderilmek   to turn upside-down, flip-flop

dündermek   to turn over, flip

dünÿewi   secular, worldly

dünÿä inmek   to be born

dünÿä   world, globe

dünÿäden ötmek   to die

düññürdemek   to jingle

dür   pearl

dürbi   binoculars

dürli   diverse, different

dürli-dürli   different, various

dürs   correct

dürs jogap bermek   to answer correctly

dürsemek   used in the construction: özüñi dürsemek = to get well

dürtgüç   stamp for bread

dürtme gürsak   blunt

dürtmek   to poke, prod

dü∫bi   clever

dü∫bülik   cleverness

dü∫ek   1. bed, bedding 2. cushion, mattress

dü∫ekçe   mattress

dü∫elge   stopping place, camp

dü∫emek   1. to spread out 2. to pave

dü∫ewünt   profit

dü∫ewüntli   profitable

dü∫lemek   to make a stop

dü∫mek   1. to descend, dismount, come down (from) 2. to fall 3. to come into, upon 4. used figuratively like the English "to fall": howsala dü∫mek = to fall into a panic

dü∫nükli   clear, understandable

dü∫nüksiz   unclear, not understandable

dü∫üm   gram. case : Türkmendilinde alty dü∫üm bar = The Turkmen language has six cases

dü∫ündiri∫   explanation

dü∫ündiri∫li   explanatory

dü∫ündirmek   to explain

dü∫üni∫mek   to understand each other

dü∫ünje   1. notion 2. explanation

dü∫ünjeli   knowledgable

dü∫ünmek   I. to understand II. to swim

dü∫ürmek   to help off, to set down

düwme   jangles, little bells

düwmek   to knot

düwülmek   to be knotted

düwünçek   little knot

düwünmek   to choke on

düwürtik   pimple, blackhead

düÿbünden   absolutely

düÿe   camel

düÿegu∫   ostrich

düÿn   yesterday

düÿnki   yesterday's

düÿp   1. bottom 2. base 3. root 4. bush 5. essence

düÿpgöter   forever, once and for all

düÿpleÿin   forever, once and for all

düÿpli   essential, fundamental

düÿrlemek   to roll up

düÿ∫   dream

düÿ∫ görmek   to have a dream

düÿ∫ürgemek   to dream

düÿt   soot

düz etmek   to repair, mend

düz   I. 1. plains, flatlands 2. flat, smooth II. 1. straight 2. right

düzedi∫   ammendment

düzelmek   to be rectified

düzetmek   to set straight, to rectify

düzgün   rule, order

düzgün-nyzam   order, discipline

düzgün-tertip   order, discipline

düzgünle∫dirmek   to set in order

düzgünnama   position, ordering

düzlük   plains, flatlands

düzme   composition, essay

düzmek   1. to string, to thread 2. to gather 3. to compose

düzüji   compiler, composer

düzüm   composition, make-up

düzüwli   composed, orderly, well

dwigatel   r. engine, motor

dÿadÿa   r. uncle

dyglamak   to shudder

dykgat   attention

dykmak   to stuff; to jam in

dykny∫mak   to be pushed in

dykny∫yk   jam; crush; crowding

dyky   cork; stopper

dykylmak   1. to put in 2. fig. to nose around in, to butt into

dykyz   packed, dense

dykyzlanmak   to get packed

dym   superlative affiz

dymjykmak   to spoil, go bad

dymmak   to be quiet, to shut up

dym∫yk   silence

dymyk   humid

dynç   1. rest; relaxation 2. peace; stillness

dynç almak   to take a rest, vacation

dyndarmak   to get out of; to escape

dyngy   pause

dyngysyz   without a break, non-stop

dynmak   1. to finish 2. to get out of

dynman   without a break, non-stop

dyr-pytrak bolmak   to be parted; separated

dyrja∫mak   to try, attempt

dyrmak   rake

dyrma∫mak   to climb

dyrmyk   rake

dyrnaçak   scratch; abrasion

dyrnaçaklamak   to scratch

dyrnak   1. nail (of a finger or toe) 2. claw

dyz   knee

dyzamak   to be bursting, straining

dyzmaç   frisky, hot to trot

E

ebedi   eternal

ebedile∫dirmek   to immortalize

ebedilik   1. eternity 2. eternal

ebeteÿ   approach

edara etmek   to manage

edara   office; institution

edebi   literary

edebiÿat   literature

edebiÿatçy   man of letters

eden-etdilik   arbitrariness; despotism; tyrrany

edenli   business-like; expert

edep   breeding; politeness

edepli   well-bred, polite

edeplilik   politeness

edepsiz   uncultured; impolite

edepsizlik   impoliteness; unculturedness

edermen   brave

edermenlik   valour

edähet   manner

edil   I. as such II.exact, exactly

edilen   made of

edilmek   to be made of

edip bilmek   to be able to do

edrenç   ugly

effekt   r. effect

efiop   r. Ethiopian

egelenmek   to surround

eger (de)   if

egin   shoulder

egin-e∫ik   clothes

eginba∫   clothing

eginde∫   1. person of same age 2. brother -in- arms

egirmek   to spin

egismek   to reduce; to diminish

eglemek   to delay; detain; hold up

eglenmek   to be delayed; detained

egli∫ik   concession

egmek   1. to bend; stoop; bow 2. to curve; fold

egrelmek   to be bent; folded

egri   bent; crooked

egriji   spinner

egrilik   curvature

egsilmez   innumerable

ejap   shame

eje   mother

ejelik   motherhood

ejir   martyr

ejiz   feeble, weak, small boned

ejizlemek   to tire; become enervated

ekabyr   1. senior; older; higher 2. powerful; mighty; intense

ekdi   tame

eken   really (emphatic word) Bu nahar örän süÿji eken=this food is really tasty   

ekeni   eken

ekerançylyk   agriculture; farming

ekin   crop

ekipazh   r. crew

eki∫   sowing

ekiz   twin

eklemek   to contain, hold, look for, maintain

eklenç   means

eklenmek   to earn

ekleÿji   breadwinner

ekmek   to plant

ekplutasiÿa   r. exploitation

ekran   r. screen

ekskawator   r. excavator

ekspedisiÿa   r. expedition, dispatch office

eksperiment   r. experimental

ekspertizia   r. expertise, opinion

eksplutatirlemek   r. to exploit

eksponat   r. exhibition

eksponirlemek   r. to exhibit, expose

eksport   r. export

eksportirlemek   r. to export

ekzamen   r. examination

ekzemplÿar   r. to copy, specimen

el çarpmak   to applaud, clap

el   hand

elbetde   of course

eldek   tame (same as ekdi)

ele almak   to know deeply

elek   sieve

elek-çelek    gözüni elek çelek etmek = to stare at

elektrifikasiÿa   r. electrification

elektrifisirlemek   to electrify

elektrik   r. electrik

elektrostansiÿa   r. power station

elemek   to sift

element   r. element

elementar   r. elementary

ele∫an   torn, tattered

elgarama   dependent

elhenç   1. terrible, frightful, dreadful 2. powerful, very strong

elim   glue

elin   self, own

elipbiÿ   alphabet

eljiremek   1. to mince, be prim 2. t loll, lounge

ellemek   to handle

ellemek   to touch, handle

elle∫mek   to shake hands

elli   fifty

ellik   glove

elmydam   always

elmydama   always

eltmek   to deliver, hand, bring

elujundan etmek   to do

elÿaglyk   handkerchief

elÿeter   inaccessible, out of reach

em    medicine

emaÿ bilen   with caution, with care

emblema   r. emblem

emdirmek   to feed, nurse

emedeklemek   to crawl

emeli   artificial, false

emelsiz   awkward, unskilled

emelsizlik   awkwardness

emenmek   to covet

emgek   1. illness, sickness 2. torment, agony, pain

emgemek   to take pains, to make an effort

emgenmek   to toil, work hard, exert oneself

emjek   1. breast, bosom 2. udder

emläk   property, belongings

emma   but

emmek   to suck

emzik   dummy, doll

enaÿy   good, favorable

ençeme   many, a lot

endam   body

endigan   uniform, equal

endiganlamak   to level, straighten, clip

endik   habit

endiremek   to tremble, shake, quiver

ene dili   mothertongue

ene   grandmother

ene-atalar   parents

enegiÿa   r. energy

eneke   nana

enjam   equipment

enjamla∫dyrmak   to equip, outfit

ensiklopediÿa   r. encyclopedia

entegem   still, yet

entek   still, yet, as yet

entemek   1. to wander 2. to roam

entäk   still, yet

entreklemek   1. to wander 2. to roam

entuziazm   r. enthusiasm

eña∫ak   lowering, descent, slope

eñek   chin

eñmek   to rush, hurry, be directed

eññit   slope, pitch

eñremek   to cry, weep

eñtermek   1. to pour out 2. to fell 3. to fall in 4. to chase

epeÿ   1. respectable 2. high flown, bombastic

epigraf   r. epigraph

epilmek   1. to wrinkle 2. to curve, bend, bow

epin   pleat, fold, crease, wrinkle

epizod   r. episode

eplemek   to fold

eplenmek   to fold, bend, curve (on one's own)

epmek   to bend, curve, fold

era   r. era

erbet   bad

erbetlemek   to deteriorate, turn for the worse

erbetle∫mek   to deteriorate

erbetlik   badness

eremek   to melt, thaw

ergin   solution

erik   apricot

erjel   persistent

erjellik   persistence, perseverance

erk   free

erkana   free, unrestricted, easy

erkek   1. man 2. male camel

erkin   1. free 2. freely, unrestrictedly

erkinlik   freedom

ermeni   r. Armanian

erñek   edge, rim

ersmek   1. to build firmly, solidly 2. to be firm, solid

erteki   fairy tale, story

ertir   1. morning 2. tomorrow

ertirlik   breakfast

ertirlik nahar   breakfast (morning meal)

esas   base, basis, foundation

esasan   basically, with basis

esasanlamak   to be founded on,based on

esaslsandyrmak   to found

esassyz   unfounded, without basis

esasy   basic

esbap   1. tool, instrument 2. grant, relief, dole, benefit

eser   written work, composition, thesis, writing

eserdeñ   sensitive, vigilant

eserdeñlik   keenness

esetmek   1. to look at, examine, inspect 2. to nurse, care for, look after

esger   soldier

esgerlik   position, location

esgi   rag

eskalator   r. escalator

eskiz   r. sketch

esli   considerable, large

essalawmaleÿkim   formal greeting

esse   time (x)

estafeta   r. relay race

estetik   r. aesthetic

estetika   r. aesthetics

estrada   r. stage, platform

e∫ek   donkey

e∫ik   clothes

e∫ikler   clothes

e∫itmek   to hear

e∫ret   well-being, prosperity

e∫retli   blessed

et   meat

etazh   r. floor, story of building

etek   lap, skirt

etli   of meat, meaty

etli-ganly   full-blooded

etmek   to do, to make, to produce

etmi∫   offense

etrap   geographical region

etÿud   r. etude

eÿ-waÿ   oh!

eÿ-wäk   ouch!

eÿe bolmak    to own

eÿe   owner

eÿeçilik   ownership

eÿelemek   1. to capture 2. to conquer 3. to gain, occupy, employ

eÿelik etmek   to keep house

eÿer   saddle

eÿerlemek   to saddle

eÿermek   1. to follow, ensue 2. to be led 3. to imitate, copy

eÿgermek   to inquire about, ask

eÿgilik   well-being, prosperity, happiness

eÿikmek   to grow stronger

eÿjelik   pretty

eÿle   like that, as such

eÿleki   different, others, the others

eÿlemek   1. to tan 2. to knead

eÿmenç   older, senior

eÿmenmek   to fear, be afraid

eÿwan   veranda

eÿÿam   I. already II. era

ezenek   lazy

ezilmek   1. to get wet 2. to moisten 3. to be oppressed

eziz   dear

ezmek   1. to wet, moisten, soak 2. to opress

ezÿet   martyr

Ä

ä   ah! I see!

äbermek   to give, serve, render, get ready

ädik   boot

ädikçi   shoemaker

ädim   footstep

ädimlemek   to step, march

ägä: äga bolmak   to be carefu;

ägirt   1.huge 2.very

äheñ   tone

ähey   yo, hi (greeting)

ähä   ah!, I see!

ählepus   dunce, know-nothing

ähli   all, the whole, full

ählihalk   nationwide

ählumumy   universal, general

ähmiÿet   meaning, significance, importance

ähmiÿetli   significant, considerable

äht   vow, pledge, promise

ähtibar   1. reliable, dependable 2. authentic

ähtimal   possibly

ähtiÿalanlyk   treachery, perfidy

äkitmek   to carry, take away

äklemek   to bring, deliver

älem   world

älem-jahan   universe, world

älemgo∫ar   rainbow

äñ   lower jaw

äñetmek   1. to look at 2. to look over

äpet   mighty, powerful, huge

äpi∫ge   window

är   husband

är-aÿal   married couple

äsgermek   to consider, regard

äsgermezçilik   neglect, disdain

äsgermezlik   neglect, disdain

ä∫gär   open, obvious, evident

ä∫gärlik   openness, obviousness

äti∫gir   railroad pliers, tongs

ätiÿaç   caution, heed

ätiÿaçly   cautious, careful

ätlemek   1. to step 2. to cross, transgress

ätmek   to step

äwmek   to feel, react, respond to

äwmezlik   slowness, tardiness (?)

äwül-säwül   by chance (?)

äÿnek   glasses, spectacles

F

fabrik   factory

fakt   r. fact

fakultÿet   r. faculty

familiÿa   r. surname

faner   r. plywood, veneer

fantastika   r. fantastic, imaginary

fantaziÿa   r. imagination; fantasy

farfor   r. china; porcelin

fartuk   r. apron

fason   r. style

federasiÿa   r. federation

federatiw    r. federative; federal

fehtowaniÿe   r. fencing

feldsher   r. medical assistant

felÿeton   r. feuilleton

ferma   r. farm

festiwal   r. festival

fewral   r. February

feÿerwerk   r. firework

filarmoniÿa   r. philharmonic

film   r. film

filologik   r. philologic

filologiÿa   r. philology

filosofik   r. philosophic

filosofiÿa   r. philosophy

fin   r. Finn

final    r. final; finale

firma   r. firm

fizika   r. physics

fiziki   r. physicist

flot   r. fleet

fond   r. fund

fonetik   r. phonetic

fonetika   r. phonetics

fontan   r. fountain

forma   r. uniform

formal   r. formal

format   r. size; form

formula   r. formula

formulirlemek   r. to formulate

formulirowka   r. formulation

forografilemek   r. to photograph

fortoçka   r. window leaf

forum   r. forum

fotoapparat   r. camera

fotografiÿa   r. photograph

foÿe   r. foyer; lobby

fraseologik   r. phraseologic

fraseologiÿa   r. phraseology

front   r. front

fundament   r. foundation; basis

funksiÿa   r. function

futbol   r. football

futbolçy   r. football player

G

gaba   cumbersome, unweildy

gabahatçylyk   entrapment, vicious scheme

gabak   eyelid

gabamak   to encircle

gabanjañ   jealous

gabanmak   to be jealous of

gabara   dimension, size

gabarçyk   callous

gabarmak   to callous

gabat   against : Jaÿlar bir-birine gabat salnypdyr = The houses were built against each other

gabat gelmek   to coincide

gabatlamak   to intercept

gabaw   siege, encirclement

gabsa   shutter

gabyk   bark, shell

gaça durmak   to avoid, keep at a distance : Men ony gaça durÿaryn = I'm avoiding her

gaçalak etmek   to hide from, to avoid

gaçalaklamak   to hide from, avoid

gaçalga   avoidance

gaçgak   fugitive, refugee

gaçgakmak   1. to avoid 2. to fall, be lost : Meniñ ukym gaçypdyr = My hopes were vanishing

gaçmak   1. to flee, retreat 2.to drop (on its own)

gaçy   dike

gaçyrmak   1. to drop, let fall 2. to let loose : ol tow∫any gaçyrdy = He let loose the rabbit

gadagan   forbidden, prohibited

gadam   step, movement

gadym   ancient

gadymy   antiquity

gadyr   fondness

gadyrly   dear one

gadyrsyz   unloved

gagal   stupid, foolish

gag∫amak   to tremble

gagyldamak   to cackle, croak

gagyrmak   to spit

gagyrynmak   to spit out

gahar gelmek   to get angry

gahar getirmek   to anger

gahar   rage, fury

gahar-gazap   rage, fury

gaharjan   furious, angry

gaharjandyrmak   to make angry

gaharly   furious, mean-spirited

gahryman   hero (fearless person)

gahrymançylyk   heroism

gahrymanlarça   heroic

gakylyk   phlegm, phlegmy

gala   fortress

galadaw   indefatiguable, energetic

galagoply   disturbing

galak   left-over, left-behind : galak okuwçy = a pupil who isn't making progress

galak-galçak   leftovers, clippings

galaktika   r. galactic

galam   1. pencil 2. spoon (Yomud)

galamdan   pencil-case

galapyn   most of the time : Galapyn sen gije galyp gelÿärsiñ = You come late most of the time

galat   untruthful : Siz galat aÿdÿarsyñyz! = You're lying!

galaÿy   tin

galaÿylamak   to solder

galdyramak   to tremble

galdyrnak   1. to raise : Eliñi galdyryñ! = Raise your hand! 2. [a:] to leave (something) : Kataplaryñizi öÿde galdyryñ = Leave your books at home

galgamak   to flutter

galkynys   revival

galla   grain, bread

galmagal   noise, racket

galmagally   noisy

galmak   1. to raise, be lifted 2. [a:] to stay, remain 3. [a:] used to form modal verbs, keep …ing : Ol ÿatyr galdy = He kept (remained) sleeping

galñamak   to thicken, become dense : Gar kem-kemden galñaÿar = The snow gradually thickened

galo∫   r. galoshes

galp   fake, counterfeit

galpak   a baby's first hair : galpak toÿy = a party celebrating a child's first haircut

galpla∫dyrmak   to falsify

galpyldy   tremors

galstuk   r. necktie

galtak   wheelbarrow

galtaman   bandit

galta∫dyrmak   to be right against : ∫kafy divara galta∫dyryp goÿdyk = We put the wardrobe against the wall

galtga   float

galyberse-de   and with that...

galyn   bride price

galyndy   remaining, remainder: On iki dörde galyndysyz bölünÿär = Twelve goes into four without a remainder

galyñ   thick

galyñlyk   thickness

gam cekmek   to mourn

gamak   a kind of plant

gama∫mak   1. to be dazed, overwhelmed 2. to be disgusted

gama∫yk   hazy, cloudy, dull

gamçy   whip

gamçylamak   to whip

gamgyn   sad

gamla∫dyrmak   to pack, stuff

gamly   sad

gamy∫   reed : Gamy∫y gow∫ak tutsañ, elinni gyÿar = Hold the reed lightly, it might cut your hand

gan   blood

gana   plenty : Gana syw iç! = Drink plenty of water!

ganagyç   adj. bleeding

ganar   sack (for cut straw, etc.)

ganat   wing

ganatlandyrmak   to inspire (lit. to add wings)

ganaw   ditch

gandym   a kind of plant

gandyrmak   to fill, satisfy, slake, relieve

ganhor   murderer, monstrous person

ganjarmak   to bleed

ganjyga   saddle straps

ganjyk   bitch

ganly   bloody

ganmak   to fill (something with a liquid)

gansyz   bloodless

gant   sugar

gantly   sugary

ganybir   one blooded : Ol meniñ ganybir doganym = He's my blood brother.

ganymat   not bad

ganymatla∫mak   to get better

gañña   mule saddle

gañrak   hook

gañrylamak   to bend, make hooked

gañ∫yrawuk   anat. nasopharynx

gañyrçak   hook (for clothing)

gañyrmak   to bend

gap   1. box, package 2. vessel : naxar iÿilÿän gap = kitchenware 3. grammatical intesifier: gap-garañky = really dark

gapak   cover

gapan   1. trap 2. scale (for weighing)

gapdal   side : Gapy jaÿyñ demirgazyk gapdalyda = The door is on the house's north side

gapdalky   adj. side : gapdalky gapy = side door

gapgaç   dishes, utensils

gapgarmak   to fill

gapjamak   to clamp

gapjawaç   clamp

gaplamak   to cover, bury

gaplañ   tiger

gapma-gar∫y   contradictory : Ol maña gapma-gar∫y dyrdy = He contradicted me

gapmak   to catch

gapy   door

gapyl   ignorant, ill-informed

gapyrga   rib

gapyrjak   box

gar   snow

gara   black

gara-ört bolmak   to char

garabasma   nightmare

garaçorba   Turkmen meat soup

garagol   disorderly

garagu∫   epilepsy

garahassalyk   typhys

garaj   r. garage

garak   eye : Näme, seniñ garagyñ ÿokmy? = What, you don't have eyes to see?

garakçy   bandit : deñiz garaçylary = pirates

garaköl   baby sheep's pelt (used to make Turkmen telpeks)

garalama   draft, rough copy

garalamak   1. to blacken : Ol ga∫yñy garalaÿar = She's darkening her eyebrows 2. to dye 3. to shame, sully

garalawçy   public prosecutor, investigating magistrate

garalmak   1. to become dark 2. to burn : Dün men güne gataldym = I got a sunburn yesterday 3. to consider

garaltmak   to make black

garaly   plum, plum tree : garaly mürepbesi = plum jam

garaly∫mak   to wait for someone

garamak   1. v. to overlook 2. v. to consider 3. n. direction, auspices

garamandalak   thistle

garamat   responsibility

garamaÿak   common people (???)

garamazdan   despite

garamyk   1. chicken pox 2. a kind of plant

garanjaklamak   to look around

garantja   scarecrow

garañky   1. dark, unlit 2. darkness : Garañkydan gorkÿaryñmy? = Are you afraid of the dark?

garañkylyk   darkness

garañkyramak   to darken

garasöÿmez   reserved, unsociable

garasuw   glaucoma

gara∫dyrmak   to make someone wait awhile

gara∫ly bolmak   to depend on

gara∫ly   dependent

gara∫lylyk   dependence

gara∫mak   to wait

gara∫syz   independent

gara∫syzlyk   independence: syÿasy we ykdysady gara∫syzlyk = political and economic independence

gara∫yk   attention, notice

garawul durmak   to stand guard

garawul   guard

garaÿag   tar

garaÿagyz   dark complexioned

garaÿy∫   1. attitude, opinion 2. look, glance

garaz   in general, to put it shortly : Garaz sen razy däl-dä = To put it shortyly, you don't agree

garbak-gurbak etmek   to bite, eat some

garbamak   to suffice

garbanmak   to bite, eat some

garçygaÿ   fellow

garda∫   brother

garderob   r. wardrobe

garga   crow, raven

gargy   reed, rush

gargy∫   damnation

garja∫mak   to get mixed up, confused

garja∫yk   hoarse

gark bilmak   to drown

garlawaç   swallow (bird)

garly   snowy

garma-gürmelik   chaos, confusion

garmak    to mix with, shuffle

garmon   r. accordian

garnizon   r. garrison

garnuw   dash, pinch (in cooking)

garnym   ditch

garpy∫mak   to be coupled with, to clamp on to

garpyz   watermelon : Kerç garpuz iÿ! = Eat a piece of watermelon!

garramak   to age

garra∫mak   to get a little older

garratmak   to make old : Agyr zähmet ony garradyrdyr = Hard work aged him

garry   1. old, aged 2. old person

garrygyz   Old Girl (a variety of melon)

garrylyk   age, old age

garsamak   to put

garsylyk   obstacle

gar∫y   1. against, adjoining 2. to meet, greet : Olaryñ gar∫ysyndan babam çykdy = My grandfather went to meet them 3. constantly : Ol okuwa gar∫y gijä galyp gelmek = He always comes late to study

gar∫y cykmak   to disagree, object

gar∫yda∫   adversary

gar∫yldamak   to greet, meet

gar∫ylyk görkezme   protest

gar∫ylyk görkezmek   to protest

gar∫ylyk   obstacle, opposition

gartañ   grown : Bu telpek seni gartañ görkezÿär = This hat makes you look older

garta∫mak   to grow old

garym-gatym   disorderly

garyn   stomach : Meniñ garynym aç = I'm hungry

garynda∫   relative

garynda∫syramak   to be related

garyndy   dash, pinch (in cooking)

garynja   ant

garyp   poor : garyp adam = poor person

garyplyk   poverty

gary∫   a unit of measurement equal to the width of a hand from the outside of the thumb to the outside of the little finger

gary∫dyrmak   to mix, mix in

gary∫mak   to be mixed

gary∫yk   mixed

gassap   butcher

gastrol   r. tour (artistic)

gastronom   r. gourmet

gasyk   groin, pubis

gasyn   wrinkle

ga∫ ¹   1. eyebrow 2. before : ga∫ynda durmak = to stand before

ga∫ ²   encrustations, inlayed stones

ga∫amak   to scratch

ga∫ba-ga∫   face to face (lit. brow to brow)

ga∫lamak   to inlay, encrust

gat   layer, floor : iki gat jaÿ = two-story house

gatakar   rapids

gatalkmak   to raise, strengthen : Ol sesiñi galtalkmali = He should raise his voice

gatamak   1. to harden 2. to grow stale

gatanç   share, portion

gatbar-gatbar   many-floored

gatla   dam, dike

gatlak   layer

gatlakly   layered

gatlamak   to deposit, add a layer

gatmak   1. to add 2. to mix

gatnamak   to be going (on a regular basis)

gatna∫mak   to participate in, attend : Men lektsiÿalara gatna∫dym = I attended the lectures

gatna∫yjy   participant

gatna∫yk   relation: dostlukly gatna∫yk = friendly relations

gatnaw   1. movement, traffic : Häzir ∫aheriñ köçelerinde gatnaw uly = There's a lot of movent on the streets today 2. communication, route

gatnawy   route

gaty    I. 1. hard, strong 2. stale : gaty çörek = stale bread 3. loud II. 1. very, extremely, a lot : Ol gaty gordy = He was very afraid 2. well-done : gaty bi∫irilen ÿumurtga = hard-boiled egg

gatyk   soft milk product like yoghurt

gatylyk   hardness

gatyr   mule

gatyrganmak   to anger

gaty∫yk   various

gawun   melon

gaÿ   storm

gaÿa   crag, cliff

gaÿamak   to embroider

gaÿcy   scissors

gaÿçylamak   to cut with scissors

gaÿduwsyz   intrepid, fearless

gaÿdym derejesi   gram. passive voice

gaÿdyp   forward, beyond

gaÿdy∫yn   return, way back : Gaÿdy∫yn size degip geçepin = I'll stop by on the way back

gaÿgy etmek   to worry

gaÿgy   worry, sadness

gaÿgyly   sad, worrisome

gaÿgyrmak   to pity, feel sorry for

gaÿky   strutting, with one's chest puffed out

gaÿma   embroidery

gaÿmak   1. cream 2. [a:] to soar

gaÿmakly   creamy

gaÿmalamak   1. to sew 2. [a:] to whirl, spin around : Çagajik enesiniñ da∫ynda gaÿmalap ÿördi = The child whirled around its mother

gaÿmala∫mak   [a:] to hurry about, bustle, make a fuss

gaÿnag   boiled : Men diñe gaÿnag suw içmeli = I must drink only boiled water

gaÿnamak   to boil

gaÿnatmak   to boil (something) : Sen suw gaÿnatÿañmy? = Are you boiling water?

gaÿra   north-east

gaÿragolulmasyz   urgent

gaÿralmak   1. to worsen 2. to move backward

gaÿramak   to hone, sharpen

gaÿrat   strength, hutzpah

gaÿratlanmak   to buck up, get gutsy

gaÿry   different

gaÿ∫armak   to sag, cave in

gaÿ∫artmak   to bend, bend back, indent

gaÿta   1. time(s) : Kitaby birnäçe gaÿta okadym = I read the book a few times 2. just the opposite : Ÿagy∫ diñmän, gaÿta güÿçlenÿärdi = The snow didn't slacken – just the opposite – it got stronger

gaÿtalanmak   to be repeated

gaÿtala∫dyrmak   to review, repeat several times : Öÿ i∫leriñizi gaÿtala∫dyryñ = Review your homework

gaÿtalmak   to repeat

gaÿtandan   anew, again : Gaÿtadan geliñ! = Come again!

gaÿtargy   change (money)

gaÿtarma   1. negative command or gerrund form of gaÿtarmak 2. A young wife who returns to her family for a short time after a month of marriage

gaÿtarmak   to give back, return

gaÿtawul   rebuff, repulse : Du∫mana gaÿtawul berdik = We repulsed the enemy

gaÿybana   externally, by correspondence

gaÿyk   boat

gaÿym   firm, tough : gaÿym agaç = solid wood

gaÿyn   in-law, in-laws : gaÿyn ata = father-in-law

gaÿy∫   leather

gaÿzykmak   to become weather-beaten, chapped

gaz   gas

gaz   [a:] goose

Gazak   Kazahk

gazan   big palow pan

gazanç   earnings

gazança   [a:] pot

gazançly   profitable

gazanmak   to earn

gazap   anger

gazaplandyrmak   to make angry

gazaplanmak   to get angry

gazaply   angry

gazet   r. newspaper

gazganak   pothole : Ÿol dur∫una gazganak = The road is full of potholes

gazly   carbonated, gassy : gazly suw = carbonated water

gazmak   to dig

gazyk   peg

geçelge   passage

geçginli   popular, sought-after

geçi   goat : Geçi ÿüwrüp, keÿik bolmaz = A very fast goat won't be a gazelle : Geçä jan gaÿgy, gassaba – ÿag : The goat loves life, the butcher loves fat

geçiriji   conductor

geçirimli   merciful, charitable

geçirmek   1. to conduct, run, control 2. to translate : Turkmendiline geçiriñ! = Translate to Turkmen! 3. to reschedule, set a new time

geçis   transition

geçmek   1. to pass 2. to begin, start : Täze tema geçÿäris = We're starting a new theme 3. to pardon, forgive 4. used as a helping verb like the English "through" : de∫ip geçmek = to pierce through : okap geçmek = to read through

geçmi∫   the past : yzak geçmi∫ = the distant past

gedam   proud, arrogant

gedaÿ   1. poor 2. beggar, poor person

gedaÿla∫mak   to impoverish

gedemlik   arrogance

gegemoniÿa   r. hegemony

gektar   r. hectacre

geleñsizlik   carelessness

gelin   1. young girl 2. sister-in-law, bride

gelinalyjy   wedding caravan

gelinbarmak   grapes (specifically, Lady's Finger, a long a sweet variety of grape)

gelingyz   young bride, girl

gelip çykmak   to originate

gelip çyky∫   origin

geli∫mek   to go with, suit : Bu köÿnek saña geli∫meÿär = That dress doesn't suit you

geljek   future : Bagtly geljek hakynda arzuw etÿärin = I wish for a happy future : geljek ÿyl = next year

gelmek   1. to come, arrive 2. to bear, carry 3. sometimes used as a modal verb with the -yp/-ip gerrund form : alyp gelmek = to bring : uçup gelmek = to fly in 4. used to describe wants and desires : Ÿatasym gelÿär = I want to sleep : Onyñ açlasyñ gelÿär = She wants to cry

gelnalyjy   wedding procession

gelneje   bride

gel∫ik   beauty

gel∫ikli   beautiful

gel∫iksiz   disadvantageous, hideous : Bu gel∫iksiz i∫ = This is thankless work

gel∫iksizlik   disadvantage

gel∫in   the opposite way

gemirçek   cartilidge

gemirmek   to gnaw, nibble

gemi∫ek   foreigner

gemrijiler   rodents

general   r. general (military)

genial   r. brilliant, eminent

geniÿ   r. genius

geñ   strange, surprising, weird

geñe∫   advice

geñe∫mek   to advise

geñirgendirmek   to surprise, startle

geñirgenmek   to be surprised, startled

geñlemek   to seem strange

geograf   r. geographer

geografiÿa   r. geography

geologiÿa   r. geology

geometriÿa   r. geometry

gep   talk, conversation, parlance : dogry gep = honest words, straight talk

gep-gürrüñ   conversation, talk

gepçi   busy-body, gossip

geplemek   to speak

geplemek   to speak

geplemezlik   silence

geplem∫ek   talky, conversational

geple∫ik   1. negotiations 2. spoken, negotiated

geple∫ikler   negotiation(s)

geple∫mek   1. to converse, talk

gepletmek   to allow to speak : Ol meni gepletdi = He allowed me to speak

gerb   emblem

gerbariÿ   r. barbarism

gerbli   stamped, official

gerden   shoulder(s)

geregiçe   so much, as much as is needed

gerek   necessary, needed : Saña näme gerek? = What do you need? (lit. What is needed to you?)

gereklemek   to want

gerekli   necessary, needed : Ÿanyñ bilen iñ gerekli zatlaryñy aldy = He took the most necessary things

gereksiz   unnecessary

gerim   1. in a big way, in a grand style 2. great strides

gerinmek   to sip

geri∫   back, spine

gerk-gäbe   enough, a lot of

germek   to put up, set up

germemek   to obstruct

germew   obstruction

gero   r. hero

getirmek   to fetch, bring : Bu saña zyÿan getirjek = That will bring you harm

geÿdirmek   to dress (somebody) : Ol gyzyña täze köÿnek geÿdirdi = She put a new dress on her daughter

geÿim   clothes

geÿim-e∫ik   clothes

geÿim-gejim   clothes

geÿindirmek   to dress (somebody)

geÿmek   to dress (oneself)

geÿnüwli   well-dressed

gezdirmek   to take for a walk : Murat, iti gezdir! = Murat, take the dog for a walk!

gezegine   in turns, by turns

gezek   1. time (as in "3 times") : Gürrümisüñi indiki gezege goÿarys = We're putting of talking until the next time 2. turn, move

gezek-gezigine   in turns, by turns

gezekle∫mek   to alternate

gezelenç etmek   to go for a walk, stroll

gezelenç   stroll

gezemek   to aim

gezende   stroll

gezer   jog, trot

gezim   stroll

gezmek   1. to stroll 2. to wander : Köp ÿurtlary gezdik = We wandered around a lot of countries

gezmelemek   to pass

gädik   breach, fracture

gägirmek   to belch, burp

gämi   ship

gäp   scarecrow

gätmek   to break off, chop off

gäz   dirt

gäzlemek   to get dirty

gibrid   r. hybrid

giç   late : Ol sapagiña gije geldi = He came late to class : Giç ÿag∫y! = Good evening!

giçki   late

giçlemek   to come late

giçlik   evening

gidi∫in   going, one way

gidi∫in-gaÿdy∫yn   round trip

gidi∫ini   passing, incidental

giew   son-in-law, brother-in-law

gigiena   r. hygiene

gijara   before sunset

gije   night

gije-gündiz   day and night

gijeki   adj. night

giji   itch

gijikdirmek   to make too late, to delay

gijikmek   to be late : Sen i∫e gijikÿäriñ = You're late to work

gikilewik   annoyance, itch

gimn   r. hymn

gimnastika   r. gymnastics

giñ   1. wide, spacious 2. composed, easy-going (personality)

giñelmek   to be widened

giñi∫   spacious, wide

giñleme   expansion

giñlemek   to expand

giñlik   1. width, gauge 2. latitude (geographical)

gipdal   whirlpool

gipdeji   income, revenue

gipdenek   tubby person, frump

gips   r. plaster

girelge   entrance

girew   deposity, security deposit

giri∫   introduction

giri∫mek   to begin

giri∫mek   to embark upon

girizmek   to let in, bring in

girmek   to enter : Ol ∫ähere girÿär = He's coming into town

gitar   guitar : alty kiri∫li gitar = six string guitar

gitdigiçe   gradually, little by little

gitmek   1. to go 2. used as a modal verb : ÿykypyp gitmek = to collapse (lit. to go falling)

gizlemek   to be concealed, put away

gizlenmek   to conceal, put away

gizlenpeçek   hide-and-seek

gizligin   secret

gizlin   secret, illegal, hidden

globys   r. globe

gobsynmak   to raise oneself, to stand up

goç   1. ram 2. ram-like (a compliment) : goç ÿygit = a bold and daring young man

goduklamak   to wobble, stagger

goh   1. noise 2. scandal

goja   1. old, ancient 2. an old man

gojalyk   age

gojamak   to age (said of men)

gojaman   ancient

gol   1. hand, arm 2. signature 3. gulf

gol çekmek   to sign (to pull arm)

golak   handless, armless

golandirly   Dutch person

golasty   dependent, colonial

golaÿ   next, near, about : Ol iki aÿa golaÿ dien ÿaly dynç aldy : He rested about two months : Biziñ golaÿymizdan kanal geçÿär = A canal passes close to here.

golaÿda   1. not far 2. not long ago

golaÿlamak   to approach

golaÿlyk   closeness

golaÿynda   at

golça   earthenware pot, pitcher

golçur   offshoot

goldamak   to support, to aid

goldaw   support, aid

gollamak   to support

gollanmak   to be guided, to follow : Instruktsiÿany gollanmadyñ! = You didn't follow instructions!

golsuz   1. armless, handless 2. unsigned

goltuk   armpit

golÿazma   manuscript

gom   storm

gomparmak   to put on airs, become full of oneself

gompy   conceited, arrogant

gonamçylyk   graveyard

gonç   trouser-leg

gondyrmak   to land (a plane)

gonmak   to land : Kepderi tama gondy = The dove landed on the roof

goñak   dandruff

goñralmak   to turn brown

goñ∫y   neighbor, neighboring

goñ∫y-golan   neighbor

goñur   brown

goñursamak   to smell strongly (like burning rubber)

goparmak   to pull out, tear off

gopbamsy   arrogant, conceited

gopgun   noise, din, fracas

gopmak   to fall out, fall off

gopuz   mouth harp

gor   ferment, leaven

gorag   1. protection 2. fence

goragçy   protector

goramak   to protect, defend

goranmak   to be protected

goraÿy∫   protection

gorçitsa   r. mustard

gorizontal   r. horizontal

gorka   timidity

gorkak   shy, timid

gorkaklyk   cowardice

gorkmak   to be afraid

gorkuly   1. frightening, dangerous 2. frightened

gorkunç   1. frightening, dangerous 2. monster

gorkuzmak   to scare

gorky   fear, fright

gorp   ditch

gorsamak   to turn (a corner)

gorsanmak   to be unsettled

gor∫ok   r. pot, potty

gosgy   poem, poetic

gospital   r. hospital

go∫   things, property, belongings

go∫-golañ   property, belongings

go∫a   two, a pair

go∫ant   contribution

go∫ar   wrist

go∫awuç   handful

go∫ma   compound

go∫maça   1. addition, appendage 2. appendix

go∫mak   to add, add on, append : go∫mak almaty = addition sign, plus

go∫torba   knapsack

go∫ulma   suffix, ending

go∫ulyjy   component

go∫un   army

go∫unçylyk   military service

gotan   pelican

gotaz   tassel

gotur   1. pitted, pockmarked 2. mangy, scabby

gow   snake scales

gowa   waterskin

gowaça   cotton

gowak   cave

gowga   din, racket

gowgaly   troubled, disturbed

gowlamak   to make a bed

gowrak   more than

gow∫ak   weak

gow∫amak   to weaken

gow∫atmak   to make weak

gow∫uramak   to convey, deliver

gowulandyrmak   to make better, improve

gowularmak   to get better

gowula∫mak   to make better

gowulyl   goodness, good

gowurma   preserved meat that was fried in fat- something like jerky or hard tack

gowurmak   to fry

gowu∫mak   1. to give 2. to reach, make it to : Olar A∫gabada gowu∫dylar = They reached Ashgabat

gowuz   not full

gowy   good, well

gowy görmek   to like, be fond of

gowylandyrmak   to improve

gowylyk   goodness

gowzalmak   to decrease, get rid of

goÿalamk   to thicken

goÿazy   serious

goÿbermek   1. to let go 2. used as a modal verb to signify reflexive or involuntary actions : Ol muny aÿdyp goÿberdi = He let this slip from his toungue by accident, He said this

goÿbolsun etmek   to repeal, abolish

goÿä   as if, as though

goÿmak   1. to put 2. to put forward, submit 3. used as a modal verb signifying a completed action : alyp goÿmak = to make a purchase : edip goÿmak = to get (something) done

goÿry   dense, thick

goÿulmak   to be placed, given

goÿulyk   thickness, density

goÿum   deposit, investment

goÿun   sheep

goÿy   dense, thick

goza   cotton boll

gozgalañ   1. uprising 2. unease, disquiet : Ondan gozgalaña du∫ÿärin = That makes me feel uneasy, that disturbs me

gozgalañçy   rebel, mutineer

gozgamak   to move (something)

gozganmak   to move (oneself)

göbek   belly-button

göç   1. move, turn (in chess or checkers) 2. nomadic camp

göçgünli   jumpy, excited

göçme   mobile, transitory

göçmek   to move, to go somewhere else : Göç-aÿ! = C'mon, move! (Heard often in buses)

göçürmek   1. to move (something) 2. fig. to copy

gödek   rude

gögerçin   wild dove

gögermek   1. to grow, rise, come up 2. to become blue or green

göjek   clay ball (used for slingshots)

gök   1. blue 2. green 3. sky : Gökde eke-je bulut ÿok = There's not a single cloud in the sky

gök önüm   vegetable

göl   central design, symbol in a Turkmen carpet

göle   calf (young cow)

göm-gök   bluest, completely blue

gömelteÿ   directly, immediately

gömmek   to fill in

gömük   filled

gön   leather

gönelmek   to straighten out

gönençilik   pleasure

gönenmek   to get pleasure, benefit

göni   straight, direct

gönüburçluk   mat. right angle

gönükdirmek   to direct

gönükme   exercise (in a book)

gönülmek   1, to go straight 2. to speak directly

gönüme   directions

gönümek   to be directed

gönümel   straightforward

gör   grave, tomb

göreç   pupil (of the eye)

göredeli   model, example

göre∫   wrestling

göre∫mek   to fight, wrestle

görä   1. by comparison : Ol saña görä daÿawrak = By comparison to you, he's healthy 2. by, according to : seniñ aÿtmagyña görä = by your words, according to your words

görgi   suffering, torture

görgüli   unfortunate person

görgülik   torture : Bu nä görgülik! = What torture this is!

görip   envious

görk   beauty : Görk göz bilen agyzda = Beauty is in the eyes and the mouth

görkana   1. nice 2. pretty, picturesque

görkezgiç   indicator

görkeziji   index, exponent

görkezmek   to show

görksüz   not pretty

görme-görü∫   visit

görmegoÿ   nice

görmek   1. to see (in various senses: to meet, to understand, to figure out) 2. as a modal verb, implying attempt or dare Men dadyr gördim = I tried (dared) to taste it, I tasted it

görnetin   plain to see, obvious

görnükli   visible, eminent, attractive

görnü∫   1. look, appearance 2. form, shape 3. kind, type 4. view, scene 5. gram. aspect

görübilmezçilik   jealousy

görünmek   to appear, to seem

görü∫   vision

görü∫mek   to meet, greet

götergimek   1. to raise above 2. to extol

götermek   to pick up

götsbogma   whooping cough

göwher   pearl

göwnaçyk   open-hearted, artless

göwnamek   1. to agree with, desire : Ol biziñ bilen gitmäge göbnänok = He doesn't want to go with us, He has not agreed to go with us

göwnejaÿ   with spirit

göwnetmek   to persuade, talk into

göwnüne degilmek   to be offended

göwnüne degmek   to offend

göwnüne gotermek   to cheer up

göwre   trunk, torso

göwreli   pregnant

göwrüm   volume

göwrümli   voluminous, sizable

göw∫ül   dilapidated (used of clothing)

göwün   soul, spirit

göwünjeñ   desirous of, wanting to : Men gitmäge göwünjeñ däl = I don't want to go

göwünly   spirited : kiçi göwünly = mean-spirited

göwünsiz   disinterested, not desirous

göwüs   breast

göÿduk   sickly, puny

göz   1. eye 2. glance 3. vision 4. peephole

göz öñünde tutmak   to aim

göz ÿa∫   teardrop

göz-görtele   obvious, patent

göz-gulak bolmak   to watch over (lit, to be eyes and ears)

gözbagçy   hypnotizer

gözba∫   spring, source

gözba∫y   origin

gözboÿagçylyk   deception

gözdandy   blindman's bluff (game)

gözeg   care

gözel   pretty, nice

gözellik   beauty

gözenek   grating, lattice

gözgyny   pathetic, pitiable

gözleg   research

gözlemek   to search, search for

gözÿ   as if

gözÿa∫   teardrop

gradus   degree(s) (of temperature)

grafa   r. graph

grafik   r. draughtsman

grafim   r. decanter

grajjdan   r. citizen

gram   r. gram

grammatik   r. grammatical

grammatika   r. grammar

granat   r. grenade

grek hozy   walnut

grek   r. Greek

grim   r. make-up

grip   r. flu

gruppa   r. gruppa

gruzin   r. Georgian

gruzovik   r. truck

gubur   tomb

guda   son-in-law or daughter-in-law's father or mother

gudrat   miracle, marvel

guduz   1. mad, rabid 2. fig. mischeivous

gujak   1. embrace 2. armfull

gujaklamak   to embrace

gujakla∫mak   to embrace

gujur   force, energy

gujurly   energetic

gujursyz   weak

gulak asmak   to listen attentively

gulak   ear(s)

gulak salmak   to listen attentively

gulluk   service

gullukçy   servant

gulmak   to pour

gulp   lock

gulpak   corn silk

gulplamak   to lock

gum   1. sand 2. desert

gum-gulluk   not a soul

gumak   sandy

gunça   bud (of a flower)

gundag   swaddling clothes

gunduz   otter

gunu∫mak   to whip up, inspire

gupba   traditional Turkmen girl's headpiece, made of metal and worn over a skullcap

guradylan   dried

guragyryly   rheunatism

gurak   arid

gural   instrument, tool : saz gurallary = musical instruments

gurama   organization

guramaçy   organizer

guramak   I. to organize II. [u:] to dry out

guranmak   to be put together

gurat   1. corrected, improved 2. fattened (of sheep)

guratlyk   improvement

gurbaga   frog

gurban   sacrifice : gurban baÿram = festival of the sacrifice (major holiday whichcelebrates the covenant of Abraham)

gurbat   ability

gurbatly   able

gurçuk   worm

gurgun   healthy, well

gurjak   doll, toy : Gyzjagazlar gurjak oÿnaÿarlar = The little girls play with dolls

gurjurly   forceful

gurlu∫   construction

gurlu∫lyk   construction

gurlu∫ykçy   carpenter

gurmak   1. to build, create 2. to set : gapgan gurmak = to set a trap

gurp   ability

gurplanmak   to become strong, able

gurply   1. strong, able 2. well-off

gursak   breast

gur∫aw   hoop

gur∫awmak   to enclose, encircle

gur∫un   lead (metal)

gurt   I. [u:] wolf II. [u:] worm, maggot III. ball of dried curds : Ol gurt bolup oturdy = He was curled up in a ball, huddled up

gurtlamak   to become wormy

gurultaÿ   assembly, conference, convention, gathering

gurulyk   dryness

gurum   soot

guru∫mak   to get numb : Meniñ aÿaklarym gur∫updyr = My legs fell asleep

gury   dry

gus-gury   absolutely dry, the driest

gusmak   to throw up, puke, vomit

gussa   sorrow

gu∫   bird

gu∫ak   belt : Ol gu∫agyñy dañdy = He fastened his belt

gu∫aklyk   1. waist 2. geog. belt

gu∫amak   to tie with a belt

gu∫çulyk   poultry

gutap   pastry, pie

gutarmak   1. to finish, to end 2. used as a modal verb to express completion : gazyp gutarmak = to finish digging, to dig out

gutarnykly   final, last

gutary∫   conclusion

gutlag   congratulations

gutlamak   to congratulate

gutly bolsun!   Happy ... ! : Täze ÿul gutly bolsun! = Happy New Year!

gutulgysyz   hopeless

gutulmak   to recover

guty   box

guwanç   pride

guwanmak   to be proud of

guÿguç   funnel

guÿma   casting (metal)

guÿmak   to pour, pour in

guÿruk   tail

guÿy   well, shaft

guzaÿ   shady side

guzlamak   to calve (used of cows, cats, sheeps, and some other animals)

guzlaññy   productive, fast-breeding

guzy   lamb

güberçek   protruding, bulging, convex

gübermek   to swell up, inflate

gübürdemek   to thunder, roar

güe   moth

güjeñlemek   to tantalize, tease

güjük   puppy

gül   1. flower 2. rose 3. ornament 4. cataract 5. curl, flourish

gülaby   a kind of melon

güldürmek   to make laugh

gülälek   red poppy

gülki   laughter : Meniñ gülkim tutÿar = This makes me laugh

gülküli   funny, humorous

gülkünç   ridiculous, funny, humorous

gülle   blooming

güllemek   to bloom

gülmek   to laugh

gülümjiremek   to grin

gülü∫mek   to laugh (of large groups)

gülÿaka   traditional Turkmen brooch inlayed with stones

gülzar   flower bed

güm bol!   Get out of here! Be gone!

gümana   doubtful, uncertain, hardly possible : Oluñ geljegi-gelmejegi gümana = It's uncertain if he'll come or not

gümmez   cupola, dome

gümmürdemek   to thunder, roar

gümpüldi   gunshot (sound of a)

gümrük   import/export duty, customs

gümrükhana   customs house

gümür-ÿamür etmek   to have a little chat

gümür-yamyr   chit-chat

gümürtik   unconsidered, sloppy : gümürtik jogap = thoughtless answer

gün   1. sun 2. day: güne∫li gün = sunny day

gün tertibi   agenda

günasa   every other day

güna∫a   all day, in a day

günbatar   west

gündelik   diary

gündiz   daytime

gündizine   daytime

gündizki   daily, daylight

gündogar   east, eastern

güne ÿanmak   to get sunburnt

günebakar   sunflower

güne∫   sunshine

güne∫lemek   to sunburn

güne∫li   sunny : Güne∫li Türkmenistana ho∫ geldiñiz! = Welcome to sunny Turkmenistan!

günä   fault, crime, sin : Onuñ näme günäsi bar? = What has he done wrong?

günäkär   guilty one

günäkärlemek   to blame : Men ony hiç zat üçin günäkärlämok = I don't blame him for anything

günäli   guilty

günäsiz   blameless, innocent

günin   one day

günorta   south, southern

günortan   noon : Ol günortan çenli ÿatdy = He slept until noon

günortanlyk nahar   dinner, lunch

günsaÿyn   daily

günüñ dogmagy   sunrise

günüñ ÿa∫magy   sunset

günüzin   all day : Men günüzin i∫lemok = I have not worked all day

güñ   deaf

güplemek   to boast

güpürdemek   to stamp

gür   thick, dense   

gürlemek   to say, speak

gürma bolmak   to be captivated, fascinated

gürpüldemek   to crash

gürpürdi   stamping, rumble

gürrüldemek   to roar, thunder

gürrüñ   talk, conversation, discussion

gürrüñde∫   partner in conversation

gürrüñde∫mek   to converse

gürrüñsiz   1. wordless, unspoken 2. certain, sure

gürsüldemek   to thump, beat

gürsüldi   heartbeat

gürüm-jürüm bolmak   to vanish, disappear : Sen nirä gürüm-jürüm bolduñ? = Where did you disappear to?

güw   swan

güwä   guarantee

güwwüldemek   to buzz, hum

güÿç   strength, power

güÿçlenmek   to strengthen

güÿçli   1. strong 2. capable

güÿgüç   ladel

güÿjemek   to strengthen, intensify (of weather)

güÿlmek   to tie up (specifically, to tie an animal's four legs together)

güÿmemek   1. to entertain, amuse 2. to detain, distract, delay

güÿmenje   amusing

güÿmenmek   1. to be amused 2. to be detained

güÿz   fall, autumn

güzap   torture

güzer   ford

güzeran   life, existence

gwardiÿn   r. guard

gybat    gossip

gybatke∫   gossipper

gybatke∫   scandalmonger

gygyrmak   to gab, chatter, whistle, cry out

gygyry∫mak   to shout back and forth

gyjak   Turkmen national musical instrument, vaguely resembling a violin

gyjalat   reproach

gyjyk   tickle : Gyjygym gelÿer = It tickles me

gyjyklamak   to tickle

gyjynmak   to irritate

gyk-bak etmek   to shout, make a noise

gykylyk   noise, scream

gykylyklamak   to make noise

gyl   voice

gylaw   edge, blade

gylçyk   tiny fishbones

gyldyrgan   splinter

gyllyk   spit

gylÿal   horse

gylyç   saber

gylyk   1. character 2. habit

gymmat   expensive

gymmatlamak   to raise a price, prices

gymmatly   expensive, valuable

gymyldamak   to budge, stir

gymyldamak   to stir

gymyldy   flutter, small movement : ÿapraklaryñ gymyldysy = fluttering leaves

gyn   scabbard

gynamak   to distress, bring grief to

gynanç   regret

gynançly   grieved, sorrowful

gynanmak   to regret

gynansamda   unfortunately

gyñaç   shawl, big scarf

gyñak   little slice, crust (of bread)

gyñyr   angry, malicious

gyp-gyzyl   reddest

gypjyndyrmak   1. to overstretch, strain 2. to frighten away

gypmak   to wink

gyr   I. steppe II. [y:] gray (of horses)

gyra   border, coast

gyradeñ   the same, exactly

gyraky   extreme, outer

gyraw   frost

gyrgy   hawk, merlin

gyrgyn   mass death

gyrgynçylyk   slaughter, carnage

gyrkmak   to slaughter, cut down

gyrkymçy   slaughterer

gyrmak   I. to kill : Aç saklap gyrdarys = We're dying of hunger II. to wear down, grate, rub off

gyrmalamak   to fill (to the rim)

gyrmança   silt, gratings

gyrmyzy   red, pink

gyrtyç   to clear off, clear up

gyrylmak   I. to kill II. to be straining, bursting

gyrymsy   stunted

gyryndy   shavings

gyryz   Kirghiz

gysaç   vice (mechanical gripping device)

gysby   tight

gysga   short

gysgaça   briefly

gysgaltmak   to shorten

gysganç   1. miser 2. greedy, miserly

gysgyç   princers, tongs

gysmak   to grip, press

gysmyljyramak   to press up against

gyssag   urgently

gyssagara   haste, hurry

gyssagly   urgent, hurried

gyssamak   to hurry

gysym   handful, clutch

gysymlamak   to grab

gysyr   barren

gy∫   winter

gy∫armak   1. to lean, slant 2. to diverge

gy∫arnyksyz   unswerving, steadfast

gy∫artmak   to bend, distort

gy∫lag   wintering

gy∫yk   curve

gy∫yna   wintertime

gyt   rare

gytalmak   to be in short supply : ∫u günler bazarda kä∫ir gytalypdyr = These days carrots are scarce at the bazaar

gyÿa   oblique, slanting

gyÿçak   splinter, shard

gyÿk   sheep dung

gyÿkundy   rags, scraps

gyÿmak   to cut

gyz   [y:] 1. girl 2. daughter

gyzamyk   cerebral cortex

gyzarmak   to redden

gyzdyrmak   1. to heat : Gün ÿeri gyzdyrÿar = The sun heats the land 2. to intensify 3. to have a temperature

gyzgalañly   intense

gyzgyn   1. hot 2. intense 3. temperature : Meniñ gyzgynym bar = I have a temperature

gyzgynlyk   intensity, heat

gyzma   hot-tempered

gyzmak   1. to heat 2. to be fascinated with

gyzmalyk   heat

gyzykdyrmak   to be interesting to : Ony sport gyzykdyrÿardy = Sports were interesting to him

gyzyklandyrmak   to interest

gyzyklanmak   to be interested

gyzykly   interesting

gyzykmak   to be fervoured, impassioned

gyzyksiz   boring

gyzyl   I. red II. gold

gyzylödek   anat. esophagus, gullet

gyzy∫mak   to warm, heat

gyzzyrma   malaria

H

habar   1. news 2. mark, note, item 3. knowledge 4. gram. predicate

habar etmek   to inform

habar tutmak   to get news

habarçy   correspondent

habardar   notification, advice

habarla∫mak   to exchange news, get news

habarly   expert, versed

habarlyk   gram. predicate

haç   cross

haçan   when

hadys   prophecy

hadysa   1. event, occurence 2. phenomenon

hahahaÿlamak   to roar with laughter

hajat   need, want

hajathana   toilet

ha££uk   lizard

hak   I. correct, right II. 1. right, privilege 2. fee, wages 3. lot, fate

hak-hukuk   right, privilege

hakla∫mak   to get even with, settle accounts

hakly bolmak   to be entitled to

hakyda   memory, rememberance

hakykan   reality

hakykat   1. truth 2. reality

hakykatdan   really, in truth

hakyky   genuine

hakynda   about

hal   I. 1. health 2. strength, force, power, might 3. dialect II. birthmark, mole

hal-ahwal   health, situation, need

halal   just, righteous, pure, godly

halamak   to like

halas bolmak   to take refuge

halas   free

hala∫mak   to like (one another)

halat   time, season

halk   1. people, nation 2. people's, popular, folk 3. crowd, mob

halk   citizens, people

halka   1. loop 2. ring 3. environment, circle, company

halkara   international

halkylyk   nationality

halkyÿet   nationality

halta   sack

halwa   helva, a Turkish dessert

haly   carpet

halyçy   carpet maker

halypa   teacher, master

halys   totally

ham   animal skin

hamala   as it were, as if, as though

hammam   bath-house

hamyr   dough

hamyrmaÿa   leavening, fermented dough

hamyrtur∫y   leavening, fermented dough

hamyt   collar, harness

hamytlamak   to collar, harness

han   ruler

hanha   there, over there

hantama   expectation

hantamaçylyk   expectation

hany   I. where? II. well now, then

hañlatmat   to open, open wide

hapa   I. 1. dirt, mud 2. trash II. indecent, obscene

hapalamak   to dirty

hapalanmak   to get dirty

hapalyk   destruction

haplamak   to pour over, to scald

hapysa   slovenly, careless

haraba   ruins

harajat etmek   to spend, expend, use up

harakteristika   r. characteristic

haram   prohibited, forbidden

haramzada   rascal, imp

harap   spoiled, broken, depraved

haraplamak   to spoil, to break down

harasat   hurricane

haraÿ   help, aid

haraz   mill

harby   military, war

harby ÿagdaÿ   martial law

harbyla∫dyrmak   to militarize

harç   expense, expenditure

harçlamak   to spend, expend, waste

harçlamak   to waste

harlamak   to neglect, disdain

harma-harp   literal, verbal

harman   flour

harp   alphabet letter

harplyk   alphabet book, kindergarten primer

harpyk   chaff

hars : hars urmak   to develop, make, evolve

harsal   coarse, crude, gross, rough

harsallyk   roughness

haryt   good, commodity

harytlar   products, goods

has   I. very II. peculiar, specific, characteristic

hasa   1. [hasá] staff, stick 2. [hása] gauze

hasabat   account of, report

hasamak   to tally up

hasap   1. account, count, tally 2. inventory, calculation 3. arithmetic, mathematics

hasap bermek   to give an account

hasap etmek   to take into account, calculate

hasapçy   accountant

hasaplamak   1. to count in, consider 2. to calculate, compute 3. to rate, value, estimate

hasaplanmak   to be regarded, considered, taken into account

hasapla∫mak   to get even with, to settle accounts

hasrat   grief, distress, trouble, disaster, misfortune

hassa   sick, ill

hassalamak   to be ill

hassalyk   illness, disease, sickness

hasyl   harvest

hasylly   1. fruitful 2. fertile

hasyr-husur   quickly, soon

ha∫al   weed

ha∫am   adornment, decoration

ha∫amlamak   to adorn, decorate

hat   1. letter 2. writing 3. note, slip, letter, memo 4. handwriting 5. document

hat-habar   news

hat-sowat   reading and writing

hatar durmak   to stand in order, stand in file

hatar   I 1. row, line, file 2. order, array 3. in line II. danger, risk

hatarlamak   to be in order

hatarly   dangerous

hatda   even

hatyra   respect, esteem

hatyrdamak   to crunch

hatyrjem   relaxed, sure, certain, calm

hawa   yes

haÿ-kü∫ etmek   1. to calm, soothe, reassure 2. to censure

haÿa   embarassment, confusion

haÿal   slow, slowly

haÿal-ÿagallyk etmek   to delay, linger, hesitate

haÿallamak   1. to weaken, slacken 2. to deteriorate

haÿallatmak   to slow down, reduce, delay

haÿallyk   slowness

haÿasyz   shameless, indecent

haÿat   fence, wall

haÿbat   threat, menace

haÿdamak   to do quickly, to rush

haÿdatmak   to drive, urge, hurry up

haÿkylyk   cry, outcry, shout

haÿkyrmak   to cry out, shout, scream

haÿp   used like the English "Unfortunately...", or "It's a shame..."

haÿran galmak   to admire

haÿran   suprise, astonishment

haÿsy   which

haÿwan   animal

haÿwanat   adj. animal

haÿwanat bagy   zoo

haÿÿar   clamorous, scandalous

haÿÿarlyk   scandal

haÿykmak   to be afraid of

haÿyn   traitor

haÿynlyk   treason

haÿyr   1. benefit, use 2. profit, gain 3. assistance, aid, help

haÿyrlanmak   to make use of, take advantage of

haÿyrly   1. beneficial, helpful

haÿy∫ etmek   to request, ask for

haÿy∫   request

hazlamak   to howl

hazyna   1. treasury 2. treasure

heder   fear, risk, peril

hek   1. lime 2. chalk

hekaÿa   story

hekaÿat   1. story 2. even, occurence

hekgermek   1. to let in 2. to be provoked, be vexed

heklemek   to bleach, whitewash

heleÿ   woman, wife

heläk bolmak   to perish

heläkçilik   1. catastrophe 2. torment, suffering

heläklemek   to torment, torture, vex, worry

hellewlemek   to loom

hem   too, also

hemaÿat etmek   to provide help

hemaÿat   help, aid

hemi∫e   1. always 2. earlier, former, first, before

hemi∫elik   permanent

hemme   all, every

hemmetaraplaÿyn   comprehensive

hemra   1. fellow traveller 2. life-long companion

heniz   until now, yet, still

heñ   I. tune, melody II. mold

heñkirmek   to cry out, shout, scream

heñlemek   to get moldy

hepbik   snare, noose

hepde   week

hepdeleÿin   week-long

hepdelik   1. weekly 2. per week

her   every, all

hereket etmek   to move

hereket   movement

herketlendirmek   to move

hernä   1. as it were 2. sometimes 3. always

herrelmek   to cry out angrily

hersi   every

he∫elle kakmak   to exult

het   1. limit, boundary, border 2. boldness, courage

hetdena∫a   excessive

heÿ   I. "really?" , "is that possible?" II. "hey!"

heÿgenek   scrambled eggs

heÿkel   statue

hezel etmek   to enjoy

hezel   pleasure

hezil   interesting, captivating, pleasing

hezillik   amusement, entertainment, pleasure

hezzet   hospitality

hezzet-hormat   respect, esteem

hezzetlemek   to show, provide hospitality

hä   oh, oh yes

häkim   mayor

häkimiÿet   authority, power, rule, regime

häli   1. long ago 2. not long ago 3. still, yet, for now

häli-∫indi   endlessly, without conclusion

häsiÿet   1. character 2. property

häsiÿetlendirmek   to characterize, mark

häzir   1. now, at present 2. ready, prepared

häzirki   modern, contemporary, present

häzirki zaman   gram. present tense

häzirlemek   to prepare

häzirlikçe   for the time being, meanwhile

hiç   nothing

hikirdemek   to snicker, giggle

hikirdi   giggle, snicker

hil   quality, style

hile   1. cunning, craftiness

hilegär   cunning fellow, dodger

hilegärlik   craftiness, cunning

hili-bir hili   1. homogeneous 2. somwhat

himiki   r. chemical

himiÿa   r. chemistry

hin   hole, burrow

hiññildik   swing

hiññilik   swing

hirurg   r. surgeon

hirurgik   r. surgery

hiÿ   I. "really?" , "is that possible?" II. "hey!"

hojalyk   ownership

hojalykçy   housekeeper

hojaÿyn   host, master

hokga   craftiness, cunning

hokkeÿ   r. hockey

hokurdamak   1. to gurgle 2. to crunch

hol   as such, like that

holha   there, over there

holodilnik   r. refrigerator

honha   there, over there

hoñkarmak   to gape

hoñuldamak   to grumble, growl

hopba bolmak   to climb

hopmak   to fall in, fall off

hopukmak   1. to gasp, choke 2. to be frightened, scared of

hopurdatmak   to drink

hor çekmek   to snore

hor   I. 1. thin, scrawny, lean, skinny 2. poor II. snore, snore III. r. chorus, choir

horaz   cock

horkuldamak   1. to sob 2. to grunt

horlamak   I. to snore, snort II. 1. to exhaust, use up 2. to torment

horlanmak   1. to grow thin 2. to organize

horluk çekmek   to suffer

horluk   pain, torment, suffering

horlyk çekmek   to suffer

hormat   honor, esteem, respect

hormatlamak   to esteem, honor, respect

hormatly   honored, esteemed

hortum   trunk

hossar   1. patron, guardian 2. trustee

hossarlyk   1. trusteeship 2. relationship

hossarlyk etmek   to patronize, protect

ho∫   I. well, good, okay II. just, favorable III. bye

ho∫a   bunch, cluster

ho∫al   satisfactory

ho∫allyk   satisfaction

ho∫amaÿ   pleasant, affable

ho∫amaÿlyk   pleasantness

ho∫bagt   happy, fortunate, lucky

ho∫boÿ   aromatic, fragrant

ho∫la∫mak   to take leave of, say goodbye

ho∫lo∫yk   parting

ho∫niÿetli   benevolent

ho∫wagt   joyful, merry

howa ∫ary   balloon

howa   weather, air

howala   airs

howandar   1. relative, relation 2. patron, protector

howandarlyk   1. relationship 2. patronage

howatyr   fear, apprehension, anxiety

howaÿy   empty, void, vain, idle

howda   pond

howlukdyrmak   to hurry (someone) up

howlukmak   to hurry up

howly   yard

howlykmak   to rush, hurry

howp   danger

howpsuzlyk   security

howsala   alarm, warning, alert

howsalaly   alarming, disturbing

howtyrlanmak   to fear, beware of

howul-hara   1. hasty, hurried 2. careless, negligent

howur   heat, fever, ardour

howuz   pond, pool

hoz   nut

hozanaklamak   to turn, revolve

höçjet   obstinate, stubborn

höçjetlik   stubborness

hödür   1. entertainment, food, drinks 2. offer, proposal, suggestion

hödür etmek   to treat

hödürlemek   1. to treat, entertain 2. to offer, propose, suggest

hökman   imperative, necessary, mandatory

hökmany   necessity

hökmany   obligatory, compulsory

hökmünde   as

höküm   1. order, command 2. sentence, verdict

höküm sürmek   to reign

höküm sürmeklik   reign

hökümet    government

höre-kö∫e   caress, affection

höre-kö∫e etmek   to calm, soothe, reassure

hörezek   scarlet fever

hötde gelmek   to inquire, consult

höwes   1. desire (for) 2. interest, zeal

höwesjeñ   willingly, gladly, with pleasure

höwesjeñler   amateurs

höweslendirmek   1. to encourage 2. to arouse interest in

höweslenmek   to become interested in

höwürtge   nest

höwürtgelemek   to next

hözir   pleasure

hronika   r. chronicle

hrustal   r. crystal

hudaÿ   God, Allah

hudaÿa çokunma   prayer

hudo£nik   r. artist

hukuk bermek   to entitle

hukuk   right, perogative

hupbat   pain, suffering

hurma   date

hususan   particular, peculiar

hususy   private

husyt   greedy, avaracious

husytlyk   greed

hu∫   memory

hut   I. just, very, exact, particular II. personal

hutma-hut   drawn (game)

huwwalamak   to lull

hüjüm   raid, attack

hü££ermek   to lull

hümer   crowd, concourse

hümürdemek   to murmur, mutter

hünär   trade, craft, occupation

hünärment   craftsman, artist

hünärmentçilik   crafted, handmade

hünji   beads

hüñürdemek   to grumble, growl

hüñürdi   grumbling, growl

hü∫gär   vigilant, watchful, alert

hü∫gärlik   alertness

hüwdi   lullaby

hüwdülemek   to lull

hüwi   zool. eagle owl

hüÿt-garañky   total darkness

hyjuw   passion

hy££yldamak   to rattle, speak hoarsely

hyklamak   to groan, moan

hykyrdamak   to chuckle, giggle

hykyrdy   laugh, chuckle, giggle

hyllalla   difficulty, trouble, embarassment

hyñranmak   to growl

hyrawa   wild

hyrdar   hunter, lover of the wild

hyrra   quickly, soon

hyrsyñy di∫lemek   to be annoyed, vexed

hyrsyz   evil, malicious, spiteful, angry

hyrsyzlanmak   to be angry, feel angry

hyruç   passion

hyryn-dykyn   full, complete, absolute

hyssyldamak   to puff, pant, sweat

hysyrdamak   to endeavor, strive

hysyrdy   troubles, cares / businesses, commissions

hy∫y-wu∫y   rumoured

hytyrdamak   to crack, crunch

hyÿal   1. intention, design, purpose 2. dream, daydream

hyÿallanmak   to intend

hyÿally   imaginary, supposed

hyÿanat etmek   to do evil, harm

hyÿanat   evil, harm, malice

hyÿanatçy   tresspassor

hyÿanatçylyk   tresspassing

hyÿar   cucumber

hyzlamak   to buzz, hum

hyzmat   1. service 2. merit 3. employment, duty

hyzmat da∫lyk   coopertation, collaboration

hyzmat etmek   to serve, host

hyzmat   service

hyzmatda∫   partner

hyzmatkär   servant

I

ibermek   to send

iç   inside, intestine

içagyry   diarrhea

içaly   spy, traitor

içege   intestine

içeri   inside, within, inner region

içerik   insides

içerki   insides

içgeçme   diarrhea

içgi   alcoholic drink

içgin   very well

içigara   envious, evil (adj.)

içigaralyk   envy, evil

içinde   inside

içinden   from inside

içirgi   beverage host

içirgilemek   to saddle

içirmek   to cause to drink

içki   adj. inside

içki-geÿim   undergarments

içlekli   baked meat pie

içlik   baked meat pie

içliklik   female underwear

içmek   I. to drink II. man's sheepskin coat

içÿan   scorpion

ideal   r. ideal

idediji   watchful

ideg   1. tending, care 2. surveillance

ideg-sorag   1. search 2. investigative, watchful

ideklemek   to hold in hand, rein in

idemek   1. to search for 2. to inform about

ideologik   r. ideological

ideologiÿa   r. ideology

idetmek   to grow

ideÿa   r. idea

idili   good, true

idioma   r. idiom

idiomatik   r. idiomatic

idirdetmek   to drive, force forward, to shovel

igde   bot. igde

ige   file (tool)

igelemek   to file

igenç   grumbling

igenjeñ   grumbling, quarrelsome

igenjeñlik   grumbling, quarrelsome

igenmek   to grumble, be quarrelsome

iglemek   1. to lose weght 2. to rust

igli   thin, skinny

ik   spindle

ikatäk   cuckoo

iki   two

iki-ÿeke   rarely

ikibir   in pairs, by pairs

ikiçäk   eye to eye

ikigöwünli   undecided, undetermined

ikilenç   second time, again

ikilik   the number two, a "D" grade

ikindi   early evening

ikindin   late afternoon

ikinji derejeli   secondary

ikinji   second

ikinjilik   second place

ikirjinlemek   to think upon, mull over

ikiÿanlaÿyn   two-sided

ikiÿüzli   two-faced

ikiÿyllyk   two-year, for a two year period

ikuçly   with two meanings, double entendre

il   people

il-gün   people

il-halk   people

ilat   population

ilatly   populous

ilçi   ambassador

ilçihana   embassy

ilde∫   countryman

ildirgiç   1. clothes peg 2. jewelry worn on the forehead

ildirmek   to hang

ileri   1. to the front 2. the southeast ileri bolmak=to heal, get better

ilerik   1. in the front 2. to the southeast

ilerki   forward

ilerlegini   1. in the front 2. to the southeast

ilerlemek   to move forward

ile∫ler   people

ilginç   salient, bold, dazzling

ilik   button

ili∫mek   to hook

ilkag∫am   early evening

ilki   first, initial

ilkibada   from the first, initially

ilkiba∫da   from the start, initially

ilkidurmu∫   primordial, first existing

ilkinji   initial, primary

ilkinjilik   primary

illÿustrasiÿa   r. illustration

illÿustratiw   r. illustrative

ilmek   to be fallen

iltemek   to hook

ilte∫mek   to be hooked

ime∫ik   disheveled

ime∫mek   1. to be disheveled 2. tangled hair

imi-sala   peaceful, quiet

imisalalyk   peace, tranquility

imperialistik   r. imperialistic

imperializm   r. imperialism

import   r. import

importirlemek   r. to import

imtilmek   to covet, be jealous

inçe   thin

inçekesel   type of illness

inçelmek   to become thin

inçeltmek   to make thin

inçesagt   thin (relevant to people)

indeks   r. index

indemek   to look for (someone)

indermek   to leap off

indi   1. now 2. next, following

indiki   next

indikile   next time

indoneziÿaly   r. Indonesian

industrial   r. industrial

industriala∫dyrmak   r. to industrialize

industriÿa   r. industry

indÿuk   r. turkey

ine   here you are

ine-gana   calmly

inedördül   fat man

iner   male camel

infeksiÿa   r. infection

infleksiÿon   r. inflection

informasiÿa   r. information

informasiÿon   r. information

ini   little brother

inisiatiwa   r. initiative

injener   r. engineer

injenerlik   r. engineering

injik   shin

injir   fig

inkär etmek   to deny

inkubasion   r. incubation

inkubasiÿa   r. incubation

inkubator   r. incubator

inli   breadth

inmek   to appear suddenly

insiz   without breadth

inspeksiÿa   r. inspection

inspektor   r. inspector

institut   r. institute

instruksiÿa   r. instruction

instruktor   r. instructor

integral   r. integral

intelligent   r. intelligent

intenasional   r. international

internat   r. boarding school

interwal   r. interval

interwensiÿa   r. intervention

interwÿu   r. interview

intizar bolmak   to miss someone

intonasiÿa   r. intonation

inwalid   r. invalid

inwentor   r. inventor

iñ   most (superlative)

iñirdemek   to cause trouble

iñirdi   cause

iñkis   doubt

iñlemek   to moan

iñlis   English

iñlisçe   English language

iññe   needle

iññe   needle

iññebagjyk   safety pin

iññän   very

iññgildi   to be lazy

iññildemek   to whine

iñrik   dusk

iñrik garalmak   to get dark

ir   early

ir-iÿmi∫   vegetable(s)

irden   morning

irgin   hesitation

irginsiz   without hesitation

irgözin   early morning dawn

iri   fine, small

irinmek   to be lazy

iriñ   pus

iriñlemek   to become pus-like

iriñli   pus-like

iri∫me   hesitation, pause

irizmek   to annoy

irki   early, earlier

irkilmek   to fall asleep

irlandiÿaly   Irish

irlemek   to make fine, small

irmek   to be tired

irnik   person who is difficult to please

isleg boÿunça   at will

isleg   desire

islege laÿyk   rational

islemek   to want

islän   any

ispan   Spanish

isrip bolmak   to spoil (food)

istrebitel   terminator, destroyer

i∫   matter, affair, work

i∫bil   high-heeled shoes

i∫çi   worker

i∫des   colleague

i∫dä   appetite i∫däñiz açyk bolsun=bon appetit

i∫dämen   glutton

i∫ek   young sheep (2 years old)

i∫eññir   hard-working

i∫ger   colleague

i∫gär   colleague

i∫ik   door

i∫jeñ   lover of work

i∫jeñlik   love of work

i∫lemek   to work

i∫leññir   hardworking

i∫letmek   to make someone work

i∫li   busy   

i∫lik   verb

i∫mek   to knit

i∫siz   unemployed

i∫sizlik   unemployment

it   I. dog II. a push

italÿan   Italian

iteklemek   to push

itelemek   to push

itermek   to push

ite∫en   rash

itigi   pushy person

itmek   I. to push, shove II.

itni∫ik   crush, squash

itni∫mek   to push & shove

iÿdirmek   to feed, cause to eat

iÿermen   glutton

iÿermenlik   gluttony

iÿilmek   to catch hold of

iÿm   feed, animal food

iÿmek   to eat

iÿmek-içmek   food and drink, to eat and drink

iÿmi∫   fruit

iÿmit   food, nourishment

iÿmitlendirmek   1. to feed 2. to nourish

iÿmitlenmek   to be fed

iÿmlemek   to feed

iÿul   July

iÿun   June

izolirlemek   to separate

izolÿasion   r. isolation

izolÿasiÿa   r. isolation

izolÿator   r. isolator

izwe∫eniÿe   information

izzildemek   to moan, whine, make a fuss

J

jabjynmak   to snap at, attack

jady    magic

jadygöÿ   magician, wizard

jadylamak   to cast a spell

jahan   world

jahyl   ignorant, uneducated, inexperienced

jahyllyk   ignorance

jakyrdamak   to laugh

jakyrdy   laughter

jala   downpour, cloudburst, heavy rain

jalbar   pants

jam   I. bowl II. capsule

jamal   poet. visage, countenance

jan   1. soul 2. life 3. individual 4. energy, vitality 5. dear, dear one

jan etmek   to do one's best

jana-jan   1. cherished

janköer   faithful, devoted

janlandyrmak   to refresh, bring to life

janlanmak   to come to life, to revive

janly   1. alive 2. lively, active

jansyz   1. lifeless, dead 2. fig. spy

janykmak   to try

janypke∫   industrious, dedicated, hardworking

janypke∫lik   dedication

jañ   bell

jañ etmek   to telephone

jaññyrdamak   to ring

jar   I. ravine, gulley II. information

jarnama   appeal, address

jaÿ   I. building, dwelling II. right, correct, in place

jaÿlama   burial

jaÿlamak   to hide, conceal, bury

jaÿla∫dyrmak   to house, make at home

jaÿla∫mak   to be housed

jaÿla∫ykly   comfortable

jaÿryk   crack, split, fissure

jaÿrylmak   to crack, split

jaÿtarmak   1. to stick out, stand out 2. to stand on end

jaÿtartmak   to stand (something) up

jaÿyrdamak   to squeak (of a shoe)

jaÿyrdy   squeak (made by a shoe)

jazyrdamak   to hiss, sputter

jazyrdy   hiss, sputtering

jebir   compulsion

jebis   boarded up, sealed tightly : gapyny jebis ÿapmak = to board up a door

jebisle∫mek   to seal tightly, to consolidate

jebislik   unison, consolidation

jedel   argument, debate

jedel etmek   to make a bet

jedelle∫mek   to argue

jedilli   argumentative

jedirdemek   to jabber, gab

jem   1. sum, total 2. all

jemagat   the public

jemgyÿet   society

jemgyÿetçilik   social conscience, public-mindedness

jemlemek   to sum up

jemleÿji   final

jenaÿat   crime

jenaÿatcy   criminal (noun)

jenaÿatçylyk   attack, criminal act

jenaÿatly   criminal (adj)

jenaÿeakär   attacker

jenjel   noise, scandal, debauche

jeññel   jungle, forest, wilderness

jepa çekmek   to suffer, bear a burden

jepa   compulsion, burden

jepake∫   hard-working

jepake∫lik   love of hard work

jeren   "jeren", gazelle-like animal indigenous to Turkmenistan

jerime   fine, penalty

jerime salmak   to fine

jet   in disagreement, not on good terms

jetle∫mek   to quarrel, argue (with someone)

jetlik   disagreement, bad feelings

jeza   1. punishment, penalty 2. retribution

jeza bermek   to punish

jezalandyrmak   to punish

jägildemek   to wail, cry (of a baby)

jägildi   wailing

jähek   edging, border, hem

jähet   point of view

jäjek   1. shard 2. sequin, spangle, glitter

jigi   younger brother

jiglemek   to skip a beat

jikjiki   warbler (bird)

jikme-jik   in great detail, minutely

jilt   binding, jacket, cover

jiltlemek   to bind (a book)

jiñkermek   to stare at : Sen näme maña jiñkerip seredÿärsiñ? = Why are you staring at me?

jir   chintz, calico, printed cotton cloth

jisim   1. matter, mass 2. body

jogap   answer

jogap bermek   to answer

jogapkar   responsible

jogapkärçilik   responsibility

jogapkärli   responsible

jogapsyz   1. unanswerable 2. without permission

jojuk   piglet

jojuklamak   to farrow

jokrama   hot, sultry, burning

jomart   lavish, liberal

jomartlyk   liberalness, lavishness

jontuk   short, bob (of an animal's tail)

jora   friend (female to female)

jorap   socks

jo∫gun   flood

jo∫gunly   flooded, gushing

jo∫mak   1. to overflow, gush 2. to be enthusiastic (about something)

joÿa   irrigation ditch

joÿalmak   to irrigate

jögi   phony, fake, hypocritical (usually of a person)

jögülik   hypocrisy

jöwenek   hail

jöwza   heat

juda   incredibly, extremely

jugurdamak   to rumble

jul   horse-cloth

juwan   youth, young people

juwanlyk   youth, adolescence

jübi   pocket

jübüt    even in number

jülge   valley

jümle   expression

jümmü∫   1. depth 2. fig. heart, center

jüm∫üldemek   to go numb, tingle (i.e. of a person's legs)

jüm∫üldi   tingling, "pins and needles" (when a limb goes numb)

jürletmek   to whistle

jürlewük   n. whistle

jüründik   spout (of a teapot)

jüÿgüldemek   to peep (of chicks)

jüÿgüldy   peep, squeak

jüÿje   chick

jybar   frosty, freezing

jybarlamak   to freeze, be frosty

jyda dü∫mek   to get better

jygyldamak   to squeak

jygyldy   squeak (i.e. of a mouse)

jyklamak   to peep at, spy upon

jykyrdamak   to laugh

jylaw   reins

jylawlamak   to rein in, hold back (something)

jyn   race, caste

jynsparaz   racist

jynsparazlyk   racism

jyñkyny çykarmazlk   to keep quiet, not let a word slip (about something)

jyñkytmak   to gulp down

jyññyrdamak   to call, ring

jyññyrdatmak   to call up, make a call

jyññyrdy   ringing, bell, tone

jyzlamak   to sizzle

jyzyrdamak   to fry, sizzle

jyzzyk   crackling, sizzling

£

£anr   r. genre

£eton   r. 1. token 2. medal

£iraf   r. giraffe

£iwopis   r. painting

£onglÿor   r. juggler

£onglÿorlyk   r. juggling

£urnal   r. journal, magazine

£urnalist   r. journalist

£ÿori   r. jury

K

kabina   r. booth, cubicle

kabinet   r. private office; study

kabul etmek   1. to accept

kaçañ   beautiful, handsome

kada   rule

kadala∫dyrmak   to standardize

kadaly   adj. 1. normal 2. regular

kadr   I.r. personnel II. specialist

kafedra   pulpit; rostrum

kagyz   paper

kak   1. dried melon

kaka   1. father 2. uncle(Balkan dialect)

kakaba∫   ill-bred, ill-mannered

kakamak   1. to become dry 2. to dry; to become dry

kakao   r. cocoa

kakatmak   to make dry

kakly∫mak   to collide (head on)

kakmaç   "kakmach", a special quick-fried salty meat dish

kakmak   1. to drive in; hammer in 2. to knock; rap 3. to shake off 4. to shake 5. to clap 6. to pack down (dirt, sand...)

kakyn   fit, attack, seizure

kakynly   adj. fitful, like a seizure

kalendar   r. calendar

kaloriÿa   r. calorie

kaloriÿaly   r. caloric

kamera   r. chamber

kampaniÿa   company

kanagat   1. patience 2. satisfaction

kanagatlanarlyk   satisfaction

kanagatlandyrmak   to satisfy; make someone content

kanagatlanlarlykly   satisfactory

kanagatlanlarlyksz   unsatisfactory

kanagatlanmak   to be satisfied

kanagatly   consistent

kanal   r. canal

kanalizasiÿa   r. sewage system

kandidat   r. candidate

kandidatly   r. candidate position

kanikul   r. vacation

kanselÿariÿa   r. office

kanun   law

kanunla∫dyrmak   to legalize, legitimize

kanunlylyk   legality, legitimacy

kanunsyz   illegal, lawless, unlawful

kanunsyzlyk   lawlessness

kanuny   1. legal, legitimate 2. natural, logical

kanunylyk   legality; legitimacy

kañkamak   to go for a walk, to loiter, to drift (from place to place)

kapas   stuffy, close

kapasa   1. cage 2. counter, shelf

kapitalist   r. capitalist

kapitalistik   r. capitalistic

kapitalizm   r. capitalism

kapitan   r. captain

kapyr   infidel

kapyÿa   rhyme

kapyÿala∫dyrmak   to rhyme; to make something rhyme

kapyÿala∫mak   to rhyme (reflexive)

karar   I. 1. decision 2. conclusion II. 1. patience 2. peace of mind

karara gelmek   to make up one's mind

karel   adj. Karelian (nationality)

karikatura   r. cartoon

karkas   frame, framework

karnawal   carnival

karta   map

kartoçka   r. card

karton   cardboard

karto∫ka   r. potatoes

karz   duty

karzyna   indebted to

kasam içmek   to vow, take an oath

kasam   oath

kassa   r. cashier's office; cashier's desk

kassir   r. cashier

kast   1. revege, vengance 2. attempted assassination

ka∫gä   if

katalog   catalogue

kategoria   category

kater   cutter; launch

katok   r. skating rink

kauçuk   rubber

kaÿuta   cabin; stateroom

kaÿyl   pleased with

kazak   1. Kazahk 2. Cossack

kebap   kebob; shish-kebob

kebaphana   kebob restaurant; cafe

kebelek   butterfly

keb∫ir   n. welding

keb∫irleÿli   welder

kebze   small shovel

keç   1. n. furrow 2. stubborn, obstinate

keçde   embroidery

keçe   felt

keçjal   stubborn, obstinate

keçje   1. obtuse; stupid 2. wrong

keçjelik   stupidity, incoherence

keçlik   stubborness; obstinacy

kejebe   old Turkmen gelinalyjy

kejir   stubborn, obstinate

kekeç   comb

kekirdek   larynx

kekre   wormwood

kel   mangy

kelçermek   to show off

kelek   hornless (without horns)

kelem   cabbage

kelep   skein; hank (of thread)

keleplemek   to wind up

kelesañ   shiftless; good for nothing

kelesañlyk   dissoluteness

kellagyry   adj. head (attrib.)

kelle   1. head 2. mind

kelleba∫aÿak   malfunction

kelleki   bridle

kellem   cabbage

kelpeñ   frivolous; flighty

kelpeñlik   flightiness

kelpeze   lizard

kelte   short

keltelmek   to be shortened

kelteltmek   to shorten

kem   1. defect, flaw 2. adv. not enough; insufficiently

kem-kemden   gradually

kemakyl   feeble-minded

kemal   : kemala gelmek = to mature, to become a man

kemally   1. honest, decent 2. suitable, proper, appropriate

kembaha   : kembaha garamak = to underestimate

kemçilik   shortage, scarcity

kemelmek   to decrease; diminish; decline

kemeltmek   to reduce

kemençe   music bow

kemer   strap

kemlik   shortage; scarcity; lack

kemmek   to reduce

kempir   old woman

kemput   piece of candy

kemsinmek   to be offended

kemsitmek   to humiliate

kemsiz   irreproachable; flawless

kemsiz-köstsüz   flawless

kenar   coast

kendir   ? plant

kendirik   "kendirik", special table cloth (oilcloth) for making dough or sifting flour on

kenep   hemp

kengir   straining spoon; skimmer

kentilmek   to wearth (of a rope)

kepderi   pigeon; dove

kepek   siftings

kepemek   to dry; become dry

kepgir   large spoon-ladel to cook palow

kepil bolmak   to guarantee

kepillik   guarantee

ker   deaf

kerç   hunk; chunk

kerçemek   to chop up

keremara   quietly; silently

kerep   spiderweb; cobweb

kereplemek   to cover oneself up

kerlik   deafness

kerpiç   r. brick

kert   ledge

kertik   cut; incision

kertmek   1. to cut slightly; make an incision 2. to eat away 3. to leave (something)

kerwen   caravan

kes   any; every

kesdirmek   to wound; injure

kese   1. horizontal 2. someone else's; other people's 3. side

kesek   lump

keseki   someone else's; other people's

keseklemek   to throw; toss

kesel   1. illness; disease 2. sick; ill

keseleÿin   horizontally

keselhana   hospital

keseligine   horizontally

kesellemek   to be ill

keselli   ill; sick

keser   "keser", a special knife used in carpet-making

kesewi   poker (for a fire)

kesgin   1. decisive; forceful; resolute 2. burning

kesgir   sharp

kesgitleme   definition

kesgitlemek   to define

kesgitli   adj. definite

kesgitnama   definition

kesir   stubborn; obstinate

kesirlik   stobborness; obstinacy

kesi∫mek   to cross (each other), to intersect

kesmek   I. 1. to cut 2. to cut in, interrupt II. scab

kesmeklemek   to cover oneself up

kesp   profession

ke∫bi   surface

ke∫delemek   to embroider

ke∫deli   embroidered

ke∫lemek   to furrow

ke∫leÿin   furrowed

ke∫p   1. face 2. look, appearance

ke∫te    embroidery

ke∫te etmek   to embroider

ketek   bird-house (i.e. chicken coop, hen coop, pigeon loft)

ketje   stubborn, obstinate

keÿigim   (informal address to women) Dear! Sweetie!

keÿik   gazelle

keÿkermek   to behave oneself dashingly

keÿkertmek   to be alerted

keÿp   1. general physical and mental state 2. delight, pleasure

keÿp çekmek   to revel

keÿpine   just so; simply so (for no particular reason)

keÿtik   adj. lame

keÿtiklemek   to hobble

kezzap   cheat; swindler

kezzaplyk   cheating

kä   1. that 2. kabir

käbir   some

käbiri   some; some people; certain people

kädi   squash, pumpkin

käemek   to curse out; swear out

käkelemek   to cluck

käkilik   partridge

kämahal   sometimes

kämil   perfect

kämile∫en   perfect

kämille∫dirmek   to improve; perfect; refine

kämille∫mek   to improve oneself

kämillik   perfection

kämillik ÿa∫y   majority (18 years of age)

kämillik ÿa∫yna ÿetmek   to reach majority

kän   a lot, much

känelmek   köpelmek

kär   profession

kärde∫   colleague

kärende   rental

kärende tölegi   rent

kärhana   undertaking; venture

käse   cup

käselemek   to cut

kä∫ir   carrot

käte    sometimes

kätmen   hoe

kätmenlemek   1. to chop 2. to hoe

käwagt   sometimes

käÿarym   käte

käÿemek   to scold

käÿiçmek   to quarrel with

käÿinç   1. pronunciation 2. reproach; reproof; rebuke

käÿinmek   to complain

kibirdemek   to crunch

kiçelmek   1. to decrease, diminish 2. to shorten

kiçeltmek   1. to reduce 2. to shorten

kiçi   1. small 2. underage, juvenile 3. adj. younger

kiçigöwünli   modest

kikirdemek   to giggle

kilim   "kilim" small handmade carpet

kilogram   r. kilogram

kilogramlyk   r. adj. kilogram

kilometr   r. kilometer

kilt   bolt; catch

kiltlemek   to bolt; to hook the catch

kim   who?

kimin   like

kinaÿa   irony

kinaÿaly   ironic; ironical

kine   offense; insult

kineli   offended

kino   r. film

kinoteatr   r. theater (film)

kiosk   r. kiosk

kir   mud

kireÿ   rental

kiriç   1. string of a musical instrument 2. bowstring

kirlemek   to get dirty

kirletmek   to soil; dirty; stain

kirli   dirty, filthy, muddy

kirpi   1. hedgehog 2. fig. crew-cut

kirpik   eyelash

kir∫en   dust

kise   pocket

kisel   "kisel", a desert made of fruit, berries, and potato starch, served with milk

kislorod   r. oxygen

kislota   r. acid

ki∫de   1. dried apricots 2. dried fruit

ki∫i   person

ki∫mi∫   raisins

ki∫ñemek   to neigh

kit   r. whale

kitap   book

kitapça   small book

kitaphana   library

kitaphon   book-lover, bibliophile

kitapsöÿüji   book-lover, bibliophile

kitir   tea-pot

kitirdetmek   to crunch

kitirdewük   crisp

kitüw   slow to forgive, harboring resentment

klas   r. class (meaning social class or class group, but not lesson)

klasda∫   classmate

klassyk   classical writer

klassyky   classical

kleÿonka   r. oilcloth

klinika   r. clinic

klub   r. club

klubnika   r. strawberries

knopka   r. button; push button

kodeks   r. code (of law, principles)

kofe   r. coffee

kofta   r. woman's jacket

kokamak   to stink

kolbasa   r. sausage

kolhoz   r. collective farm

kolhozçi   r. collective farmer

kolleksiÿa   r. collection

kollektiw   r. n. collective, team, group, body

koloniÿal   r. colonial

kolonka   r. water-dispenser, water-pump

kolonna   r. column, pillar

kolonoÿa   r. colony

komanda   r. team

komandir   r. commander

komandirlik   r. position

komandirowka   r. assignment, business-trip

komandowanie   r. command

komanduÿyçiÿ   r. commander

kombaÿn   r. combine, harvester

kombinat   r. integrated plant

kombinezon   r. overalls

komediÿa   r. comedy

komendant   r. commandant

komissar   r. commissar

komissiÿa   r. commission; committee; board

komitet   r. committe

kommunal   r. public; municipal

kommunist   r. communist

kommunizm   r. communism

komonawt   r. cosmonaut, astronaut

kompas   r. compass

kompleks   r. complex

kompleksleÿin   r. adj. complex, composite

komplekt   r. complete (of a set)

komplektlemek   r. to complete (a set)

kompot   r. "kompot", a sweet drink made of boiled fruit, water, and sugar

kompozitor   r. composer

kompres   r. compress

komsomol   r. 1. Komsomol, Communist Youth League 2. Young Communist

konditer   r. pastry cook, pastry chef

konductor   r. conductor (on a train, bus, etc.)

konferensiÿa   r. conference

kongres   r. congress

konki   r. horse

konkret   r. adj. concrete, specific

konkretle∫dirmek   r. to make specific, spell out

konkurs   r. competition, contest

konsert   r. concert, recital

konserw   r. canned foods, canned goods

konserwatiw   r. adj. conservative

konserwatoriÿa   r. conservatory (for music)

konstitutsiÿa   r. constitution

konstruksiÿa   r. construction; design

konstuktor   r. designer

konsul   r. consul

konsulhana   r. consulate

konsullyk   r. consulate (consulary position)

konsultasiÿa   r. consultation

kontinental   r. continental

kontingent   r. contingent

kontor   r. office

kontrol   r. control

kontrollyk   r. control

kontrolÿor   r. controller

konus   r. geom. cone

konweÿer   r. conveyor

kooperatiw   r. cooperative

kopiÿa   r. copy

korabl   r. ship

koridor   r. corridor, hall

korpus   r. body, trunk, torso

kosekans   r. mat. cosecant

kosinus   r. mat. cosine

kosmetika   r. make-up, cosmetics

kosmos   r. outer space

kospekt   r. synopsis; outline; abstract

kospektirlemek   r. to abstract; make an abstract of

kostÿor   r. fire

kostÿum   r. suit

kotlet   r. chop; cutlet

kowalamak   to drive (cattle)

kowala∫mak   to drive (cattle)

kowalmak   to chase, follow

kowgy   pursuit; chase

kowmak   1. to drive on (cattle) 2. to dismiss, fire, discharge 3. to exile

kowum-garanda∫   relatives

köçe   street

köçek   a little camel

köjemek   to lace, to tie

kök   1. root 2. basting

köke   cookie, biscut

köklemek   I. 1. to baste 2. to quilt II. to take pleasure in

köl   lake

kölege   shade

kölegli   shady

kömek   n. help

kömekçi   assistant, helper

kömekle∫mek   to help

kömelek   mushroom

kömür   coal

köne   old

köne-kü∫ül   old things, junk

köneçe   as before; unchanged

köneden   adj. since olden times, since days of yore

könelmek   1. to wear out, be worn out 2. to wear out all one's clothes

köneltmek   to wear out (i.e. clothing, machinery)

köp   1. a lot, much, many 2. often, frequently

köp nokat   elipses (...)

köpburçluk   geom. polygon

köpçülik   1. mass, a lot of, a heap of 2. social

köpçülikleÿin   adj. mass (as in "mass transit")

köpden   long ago

köpek   male dog, hound

köpelmek   to increase; grow

köpeltmek   1. to increase 2. to multiply

köpgranlyk   geom. polyhedron

köplenç   usually, generally, ordinarily

köplük   a great number, a multitude

köpri   bridge

köptaraply   multilateral

köpük   foam

köpürjik   foam, bubble

köpürjiklemek   to froth, to foam

kör   blind

körek   unripened cotton bud

köremek   to begin to burn properly

körlük   1. blindness, darkness 2. dimwit, dummy

körpe   young

körük   1. bellows 2. ash-pit (of a furnace)

körzehin   thick-headed, dim-witted

kösemek   to call, summon

kösenmek   to test, try out

kössek   tripod

kösseklemek   to hobble (a horse)

köst   shortage, scarcity, lack

kösük   pod

kösükli   leguminous, beany

kö∫e∫nek   to grow still, become silent, calm down

kö∫k   palace

kötel   raising, lifting

köw   hollow, glen, dell

köw salmak   to look; peep (over, under, behind, etc...)

köwek   1. removal, extraction 2. cave, cavern

köwlemek   to dig

köwmek   1. to dig 2. to make a hole in 3. to wash away, erode

köwü∫   shoes

köwü∫∫i   shoemaker

köÿdürmek   to let something be wasted

köÿmek   to burn up, be burned up

köÿnek   1. shirt (male) 2. dress (female)

köÿnekçe   dressmaker

köz   live coals, embers

krahmal   r. starch

kran   r. faucet, spigot, tap

kredit   r. credit

krem   r. cream

kreml   r. Kremlin

kreÿser   r. cruiser

krizis   r. crisis

kros   r. cross-country race

krowat   r. bed

kru£ok   r. small circle, club, group

kub   r. cube

kubok   r. goblet

kuhnÿa   kitchen

kultiwator   r. cultivator

kultiwatsiÿa   r. cultivation

kupe   r. compartment (on a train)

kuplet   r. verse, stanza

kurort   resort

kurs   r. course

kursant   student

kurtka   r. (man's) jacket

kuwwat   power, strength, might

kuwwatlanmak   1. to aquire, gain 2. to stand

kuwwatly   strong, powerful

kuwwatlylyk   strength, power

kuzow   r. basket

küde   stack

küdelemek   to stack

kükemek   to be fragrant

kükrek   chest

kükürt   1. sulfur 2. match

kül   ashes

kül-owram (bolmak)   to spit up

kül-peekun etmek    to break; shatter; smash

kül-u∫ak   to spit up

külçe   small bread made from short pastry

küldan   ashtray

küle   (of a tail) short

külembibi   little finger

külke   small; minute

külkelemek   to crush; grind

küme   hut; shack

kümü∫   silver

kümü∫lemek   to silver; silver plate

kündük   special metallic pitcher for washing

künjek   corner

künji    sesame

künnük   silver jug for water

kürek   oar; paddle

küreklemek   to row; to paddle

kürk   brood hen

kürre   young/little donkey

kürsemek   to burst into

kürt   kurd

kü∫gürmek   to sic ( a dog on)

kü∫t   chess

kü∫t∫i   chess player

kütek   dull; blunt

kütelmek   to become dull

küteltmek   to blunt; dull

küti   thick

kütülik   thickness

küÿ   n. thought

küÿkermek   to hunch one's back; be hunched over

küÿki   hunchbacked

küÿsemek   to wish for; desire

küÿze   pitcher; jug

küÿzegarlik   potter's trade (craft)

kwadrat   r. 1. square (figure) 2. adj. square

kwadratura   r. n. squaring

kwalifikasiÿa   r. qualification

kwartal   r. quarter; section (of a city)

kwartira   r. apartment

kwas   r. "kvass" a fermented drink made with bread

kwitansiÿa   r. receipt

kybap   accordance; conformity

kybapda∫   corresponding

kyn   difficult

kynçylyk   difficulty

kynla∫dyrmak   to complicate

kynla∫mak   to become complicated

kynlyk   difficulty

kyrk   forty

kyrkynjy   fortieth

kyssa   1. prose 2. story 3. short poem

kyssaçy   writer

kysym   look; appearance

L

la   just, will you : Maña aÿtsañyz-la = Just tell me

laborant   r. laboratory worker; assistant

laboratoriÿa   r. laboratory

labyr   anchor

labyrdamak   to blaze; flare up; glow; burn

labyz   1. melody 2. melodiousness

laçyn   falcon

lager   r. camp

lag∫amak   to collapse; fall into pieces

lak atmak   1. to start to speak 2. to brush against

lak bolmak   to conceal; keep secret

lak   r. lacquer

lakam   nickname

lakgy   talkative

lakgyldamak   to chat

laklamak   to lacquer

lakyrdamak   to seeth; bubble

lakyrdy   bubbling, gurgling

lal   I. mute II.

lallyk   muteness

lampa   moment; instant; twinkling

lampa    r. lamp

lampoçka   r. lightbulb

landshaft   r. landscape

lapykeç bolmak   1. to be dispirited 2. to be disappointed

lasyrdamak   to brew; digest

laÿ   I. 1. loam; clay 2. slush; dirt; mud II. bir laÿ one complete set

laÿyk   appropriate

laÿyk bolmak   to conform

laÿyklyk   proportion; accordance

laÿyklyk-da   in conformity with

lebiz   promise

legen   basin

leji çykmak   1. to become worn out 2. to become fatigued

lejikmek   to get tired

lejini çykarmak   to wear out

lenç bolmak   to be hackneyed; tritel; banal

lenta   ribbon

leñkewut   spider

lerzana gelmek   to shudder

letde   scrap

lezzet   pleasure

lezzetli   1. sweet; pleasing to taste 2. sweet; delightful

läbik   I. slush II. muddy; troubled; poppy

läle kakmak   to sing the "Läle Jana" (traditional Turkmen song)

läle   poppy

lälezar   meadow

lälezarlyk   meadow

lälik   coddled; effeminate

läliklik   effeminateness

läsh   1. corpse; body 2. carcass

läshermek   to wallow

lokga    lump; clod

lokgalamak   to crumple

lomaÿ söwda   wholesale

lomaÿ   wholesale

lomaÿlygyna   wholesale

lomaylygyna satmak   to sell wholesale

loñkuldamak   to be afraid of

lopbush   chubby; plump

lorsuldamak   fire

lotereÿa   r. lottery

lowlamak   to blaze; flare up

lowurdamak   1. to shine; glitter 2. to sparkle 3. to blaze

lowurdawuk   brilliant

lowurdy    1. lustre; shine 2. flame; blaze

lödere   grounds; sediment;thicket

lüñ basmak   to do the boundary strip

lüñ   border

lüÿk   slush; mud

lÿstra   r. chandelier

lÿuk   r. hatch (way)

lybas   clothing

lygyrdamak   to gurgle

lygyrdy   gurgle

lyzha   r. ski; skiing

lyzhaçy   r. skier

lyzhaly   r. ski...

M

madda   1. matter; substance 2. article

maddy   material

madyrdamak   to talk; chatter

magallaklamak   to appear in the distance

magaryf   enlightenment, education

magaryfçy   educator

magazin   r. shop

magdan   ore

magistral   highway, thoroughfare

maglumat   report, message

magnit   r. magnet

magnitofon   r. tape recorder

magtamak   to praise

magtanç   praise

magtanmak   to brag, to boast

mahal   time

mahanika   r. mechanics

mahlasy   in a word; in short

mahmal   plush

mahrum   devoid

mahsus   characteristic

makala   article (of magazine)

maksat   aim, purpose

maksatly   having a specific purpose

makul   acceptable

makulatura   1. pages spoiled in printing 2. rubbish

makullamak   to approve of

mal   cattle, livestock

mal-mülk   1. property 2. fig. belongings

mala   harrow

malalamak   to harrow

maldar   animal breeder

maldarçylyk   livestock breeding

maliÿe   finance

maliÿeleçdirmek   to finance

mama   1. pox 2. small pox

mamla   right, correct

manat   Turkmen (and Azerbaijanian) currency

mandarin   tangerine; mandarin

maner   1. riding academy; riding school 2. circus arena 3. playpen

manÿowr   r. maneuver

many   meaning

manyly   rich in content; informative

manysyz   1. having no meaning; senseless 2. pointless

maña   to me

mañlaÿ   1. forehead; brow 2. frontal

mañlaÿly   1. happy 2. lucky; fortunate

maral   fallow deer

marçal   r. marshall

marka   r. 1. postage stamp 2. make, model; brand

marksistik   r. marxist

marksizm   r. marxism

marksizm-leninizm   r. marxism-leninism

marmelad   r. fruit jellies; candy

mart   r. March

masçtab   scale (of a map)

masgara   shameful

masgarabaz   jester

masgaralamak   to disgrace

masgarçylyk   shame, disgrace

maska   r. 1. mask 2. guise

maskarad   r. masquerade

maslahat   1. advice, council 2. conference

maslahatçy   adviser

maslahatlaçmak   to consult; seek advice

maslahatlaçylyk   coordinated, concerted

maslahatla∫mak   to confer

maslyk   dead body, corpse, cadaver

massa   r. mass

massa£  r. massage

ma∫gala   family (can be used to refer to wife, wife and husband, or entire family)

ma∫gala   family, wife, household

ma∫galaly   adj. family

ma∫inist   r. machinist, mechanic

ma∫inistka   r. 1. (woman) mechanic 2. typist

ma∫inka   r. machine

ma∫k   exercise

ma∫∫armak   to become flat; flatten out

ma∫∫artmak   to flatten

ma∫yn   1. machine 2. automobile

mata   cloth; fabric

matal   riddle; puzzle

matematika   r. mathematics

matematiki   r. mathematical

material   r. material

materialistik   r. materialistic

materializm   r. materialism

materik   continent; mainland

materiÿa   r. 1. matter 2. material, fabric

matros   r. sailor, seaman

mawlamak   to meow

mawut   smooth woolen cloth

mawy   1. light/sky blue 2.pink

mawzoleÿ   r. mausoleum

maÿ   1. May 2. moment; instant

maÿa   1. camel 2. leaven, ferment 3. n. fund

maÿda   small; minute

maÿdal   1. moderate 2. temperate

maÿdalamak   to crush; grind

maÿka   r. t-shirt

maÿlamak   to become warm; warm up

maÿmyn   monkey; ape

maÿor   r. major

maÿrylmak   1. to strain oneself 2. to crack up; break down

maÿsa   1. field of grain 2. field of endeavor

maÿyçgak   1. flexible 2. supple

maÿyçgaklyk   flexibility

maÿyl   warm

maÿyllyk   warm weather

maÿyp   disabled person, invalid

maÿyplyk   disability

maÿyrmak   1. to blow up 2. to subvert

maza   pleasure

mazaly   1. calmly 2. pleasant

mazar   grave

mazarçylyk   cemetery

mazmun   maintenance; upkeep

mazmuny   content

me   used as English: "take it!", "here!"

mebel   furniture

meçew bermek   1. to sic (a dog on somebody, something) 2. coll. to set people against each other

medal   r. medal

medeni   cultural

medeniÿet   cultural, culture

medeniÿeti    culture

medeniÿetli   cultural

medisina   r. medicine (the science of)

meger   used as English: "it can be"

mehanik   r. mechanic

mehanizasiÿa   r. mechanization

mehanizator   r. specialist in mechanization

mehanizm   r. mechanism

mehanizmleçdirmek   r. to mechanize

mejal   powers, strength

mejbur etmek   to enforce

mejbur   forced

mejbury   compulsory

mejlis   conference

mekan   1. inhabited area, place where people live 2. edge; rim, brim

mekdep   school

mekgejöwen   corn

mekir   sly, crafty

mekirlik   cunning, guile

mel   r. chalk

mele   1. pale; yellow, straw colored 2. beige

melhem   panacea

mellek   yard; piece of land for individual use

men   I; me

men-menlik   conceit

menek   spot, stain; blemish

meniñçe   used as English: "In my opinion..."; "I think..."

menÿu   r. menu

menzil   distance

meñzeç   similar

meñzeçlik   similarity, likeness, resemblance

meñzemek   to resemble, to look like

meñze∫   similar, resemblance

meñzetme   comparison

meñzetmet   to liken

merdana   bravely, courageously

merdiwan   1. stairs; stairway 2. ladder

mergen   exceptional hunter; marksman

mergenlik   accuracy, marksmanship

mergi   cholera

merhum   the deceased

meridian   r. meridian

merkeleçdirmek   to centralize

merkez   center

merkezi   central

mermer   adj. marble

mert   1. brave, courageous 2. manly

mertebe   1. dignity 2. merit; virtue

mertlerçe   bravely, courageously

mertlik   courage

mes   1. gay, merry, cheerful 2. prosperous, affluent 3. well fed, fat, plump 4. fertile

mese-mälim   obviously

mesele   task

meselem   for example

mesge   butter

mesgen   dwelling, abode; living quarters

mesi   boots (Turkmen traditional)

meslik   1. gaiety, cheerfulness 2. prosperity, affluence

me∫gul   busy; occupied

me∫gullanmak   to be occupied (with); to be engaged (in)

me∫hur   celebrated; famous

me∫hurlyk   fame

metal   r. metal

metallurgiÿa   r. metallurgy

metbugat   1. seal; stamp 2. the press, news media

metjit   mosque

metod   r. method

metodik   r. methodical

metodika   r. methods

metodist   r. methodist (one who is skilled in methodologies)

metr   r. meter

metro   r. subway

metropoliten   r. subway

meÿdan   1. field 2. clearing (in the woods)

meÿdança   ground, site; area

meÿil   1. interest 2. wish

meÿillenmek   to wish for, desire

meÿit   dead body, corpse, cadaver

meÿletin   voluntary

meÿletinçi   volunteer

mäde   stomach

mähelle   n. crowd

mähir   love

mähirli   adj. nice; pleasant; warm

mähirsiz   unpleasant, disagreeable

mähnet   huge, enormous; tremendous

mähri   compassion

mähriban   dear

mäkäm   strong, durable

mäkämlemek   to strengthen, reinforce

mäkiÿan   hen

mälemek   to bleat

mälim   known, definite

mämi∫i   orange

märeke   n. crowd

mä∫   a little green pea-like bean used to make soup

mä∫e   cock, hammer (of a firearm)

mätäç bolmak   to need

mätäç   needy

mätäçlik   need (implies dire need)

mäz   gland

mikrob   r. microbe; germ

mikrofon   r. microphone

mikroscop   r. microscope

milisioner   r. policeman

milisiÿa   r. the police, militia

millet   nation, nationality

milli   national

milliard   r. billion (in American English), milliard (British English)

millimetr   r. millimeter

million   r. million

milt   dare

milt etmek   to dare

mineral   r. mineral

ministr   r. minister

ministrlik   r. ministry

minnetdar   grateful, appreciative

minnetdarlyk   gratitude, appreciation

minomÿot   r. mortar

minus   r. 1. minus sign 2. subzero, below zero (of temperature)

minut   r. minute

minutlyk   r. 1. adj. minute 2. momentary

miras   1. inheritance 2. heritage

miras almak   to inherit

mirasçy   successor

mis   copper

misli   like; just as

missiÿa   r. mission (assignment)

miting   r. mass meeting, rally

miwe   fruit

miweçilik   fruit growing (as an agricultural practice)

miwelemek   to bear fruit

miweli   adj. fruit, fruity

miÿesser   to have occasion (to)

mizemez   unshakable, unwaivering, steadfast

mobilizasiÿa   r. mobilization

mobilizlemek   r. to mobilize

moda   r. fashion, style

model   r. model

molamak   to moo; bellow

moldowan   Moldovan

molekula   molecule

molekulÿar   molecular

molla   mullah

monça bolmak   to be glad, happy; to rejoice

mongol   Mongol

monjugatdy   Turkmen national game for girls only played during the Muslim New Year

monjuk   1. beads 2. necklace

monta¡   r. assembly; installation

montÿor   r. fitter

monument   r. monument

monumental   r. monumental

moral   r. morals; morality

mordwin   r. Mordrin (an ethnicity of Central Europe and Russia)

moro¡ny   r. ice-cream

motor   r. motor, engine

motosikl   r. motorcyle

moÿmuldamak   to waddle

möçber   volume

möhlet   1. term of office 2. period of time; in a short time

möhletli   urgent; pressing

möhüm   1. important 2. necessary, essential

möjek   1. insect, bug 2. wolf

mölerilmek   to glare, to stare

mölertmek   to stare wide-eyed

mön   naive

möññürmek   to roar

mör-möjek   insects

möwç almak   to spread terror; to rage; to wreak havoc

möwkemek   to rage

möwrit   time

möwsüm   season

möÿ   spider

muçakgat   difficulty

muçdak   admirer, devotee

mugallym   teacher

mugallyma   teacher (female)

mugt   free (of charge)

mukaddes   sacred, holy

mukam   melody

mukdar   quantity; amount; number

mum   wax

mundan öñ   ago, before

murt   moustache

murtly   moustached, with a big moustache

musulman   Moslem, Muslim

muzeÿ   r. museum

mübärek   congratulation

müçderi   client; customer

müçgil   difficult, hard

müdir   manager (of), head (of)

mümkin   1. possible 2. used as the english "may" or "can": Çilim çekmek mümkinmi? = Can I smoke? Is it permissible to smoke?

mümkinçilik etmek   to enable

mümkinçilik   possibility, chance

mümkingadar   as far as possible

münmek   1. to mount, board, get on 2. to ascend

müñ   thousand

müñküldemek   to tremble, shiver, shake

müñkür   insecure, self-doubting

müñkürlenmek   to doubt, to have doubts

müñkürlik   n. doubt

mürçük   wrinkled

mürepbe   n. jam (as in jelly)

mürrelmek   to become wrinkled

mürrük   wrinkled

müÿn   consciousness

müÿnli   guilty, at fault, to blame

müÿnürgemek   to feel uneasy, self-couscious, awkward

müzzermek   to turn sour

myçmak   1. to miss, fly past(a target) 2. to race, speed along

mydama   always

mydamalaÿyn   forever, for good

mydar   1. strength 2. life

myh   nail (metal)

myhman   1. guest 2. foreigner

myhmanhana   1. hotel 2. guest room; receiving room

myhmansöÿer   hospitable

myhmansöÿerlik   hospitality

myjabat   n. slander, libel

myjjarmak˚   to become soft, flabby

myjjyk˚   soaked

mylakat   friendliness, affability

mylakatly   open-hearted; amiable, affable

mylaÿym   1. warm 2. pleasant, nice 3. polyester; rayon

mylaÿymlyk   pleasantness

mylkarmak   to become overripe

mynasybetli   1. devoted to 2. dedicated (i.e. a book dedicated to someone)

mynasyp bolmak   to deserve

mynasyp   worthy (of), deserving (of)

mynçgamak   to knead; work (i.e. clay, leather)

mynjyramak   to break into pieces, shatter

mynjyratmak   to smash, shatter

myrat   wish; desire

myrtar   bad, poor

mysal   example

mysal üçin   for example

mysala   appearance; exterior

myssarmak   1.to lower, let down 2. to wilt; wither

myssyk   1. faded or withered 2. soft; mild; gentle

my∫-my∫   rumors, talk

N

na   emphatic suffix

nabat   sweet

naçalinik   r. chief; head, boss

nadan   ignorant

nadanlyk   ignorance

nadara   scandalous

nadaralyk   scandal

nadyl   offended

nadyllyk   offence; insult

nagt   available, on hand

nagy∫   1. n. ornamental design; decorative pattern 2. adj. intricate

nagy∫ çekmek   to embroider

nagy∫lamak   1. to decorate; embellish; adorn 2. to embroider

nah   adj. cotton

nahal   seedling, sapling

nahar   1. meal 2. food

naharhana   1. cafeteria, dining hall 2. dining room

naharlamak   1. to feed 2. to nurse, suckle

nakyl   proverb

nal   horseshoe

nala   1. n. groan, moan 2. complaint

nalaç   1. forced, under duress 2. unintentionally, unwillingly

nalajedeÿin   clumsy, inept

nalamak   1. to forge 2. to stuff, fill, cram

nalamak   1. to groan; moan 2. to complain (about) 3. to lament

naly∫   complaint

naly∫ly   plaintive, mournful

namart   coward, cowardly

namartlamak   to be a coward; be afraid; get cold feet

namartlyk   cowardice

namaz   prayer

namys   1. self-worth; conscience 2. shame; sense of shame

namysjañ   dignity

nan   bread

nar   pomegranite

narpyz   mint

narpyzly   adj. mint, minty

narÿad   1. order; warrant 2. duty

nas   green powder used like chewing tobacco

nasos   n. pump

naturalist   r. naturalist

naw   log

naÿça   ovary

naÿçalamak   to form

naÿynjar   1. pitiful, pathetic 2. plaintive, mournful

naÿynsap   unscrupulous; unconscionable

naÿza   bayonet

naÿzalamak   to prick; stab

nazar   look, glance; view, sight

nazarkerde   adj. representative

ne   negative particle

nebere   relatives

nebis   profit; advantage; gain

nebisjeñ   adj. mercenary

nebisjeñlik   self-interest; mercantilism

nebit   1. oil, petroleum 2. kerosene

nebitçi   oil worker

nebitli   adj. containing oil

nebsewür   adj. mercenary

nebsewürlik   self-interest; mercantilism

negr   r. dark-skinned person

nejat   going out; coming out; emergence

nejis   1. adj. foul, nasty 2. n. scoundrel

nem   1. moisture 2. mucus

nemes   German

nemjiremek   to be covered with mist

nemlenmek   to be dampened

nemli   1. humid; moist; damp 2. slimy

neneñ   which? what?

neneñsi   which? what?

nepis   elegant; graceful

nepislik   elegance; grace

nerw   r. nerve

nesibe   fate, destiny

nesihat   precept

nesil   1. generation 2. descendants, posterity

nesÿe   duty

ne∫ir ediji   publisher

ne∫ir etmek   to publish

ne∫ir   issuance, promulgation

ne∫irÿat   publishing house

ne∫irÿatçy   publisher

netije   1. result 2. conclusion

netijede   consequently

netijeli   effective; successful

netijelilik   effectiveness

netijesiz   ineffective; unsuccessful

näbelet   unfamiliar, unknown

näbeletçilik   unfamiliarity

näbeletlik   unfamiliarity

näbelli   unknown

näbileÿin   unable to be known, unknowable

näçe   how much?

näçelik   of what number?

näçenji   which? what number?

näden   how much?

nädogry   wrong, incorrect

nägile   dissatisfied; discontented; displeased

nägilelik   dissatifaction; discontent; displeasure

nähak   vain, futile

nähili   1. how? 2. what kind? what sort?

näho∫   unhealthy, not well

näho∫lamak   to become ill

näho∫lyk   illness

nälaÿyk   unworthy

nälet   curse; damnation, perdition

näletlemek   to curse, to damn

näme üçin   why

näme   what?

nämede bolsa bir zat   anything

nämälim   unknown

närazy   dissatisfied

närazyçylyk   wail, scream, outcry

närazylyk   dissatisfaction

näsag bolmak   to be ill

näsag   unhealthy, ill, sick

näsaglamak   to become ill

näsaglyk   illness

nätany∫   unknown

nätany∫lyk   ignorance

nätmek   what to do?

nätüÿsli   1. how? 2. what kind? what sort?

näwagt   when

näz   1. coquetry; flirting 2. whim; caprice

näzenin   beautiful women; a beauty

näzik   1. tender; gentle; delicate 2. thin

näzirgemek   1. to flirt 2. to be capricious

näzli   coquettish; flirtatious

nika   marriage

nikala∫mak   to marry

nil   trunk (of a tree)

nire   where? what place?

nirede   where

niÿet   intention

niÿetlemek   to mean; intend; design (for)

nobat   n. queue, turn-taking

nobat tutmak   to queue up

nobatçy   adj. on duty

nobatçylyk   n. duty

nobatdaky   next; immediate at hand

nobatky   next; immediate at hand

nogaÿ   Nogai (ethnicity of the Caucuses)

nogsan   ?

nogta   halter (for a horse)

nogtalamak   to bridle a horse

nohut   peas

nokat   1. dot 2. peroid (punctuation)

nokatma-nokat   exactly

nol   r. zero; naught

nomer   r. number

nomerlemek   r. to number

norma   r. norm; standard

normal   r. normal

nosil∫∫ik   r. porter

nota   r. note (musical); note (diplomatic)

notarius   r. notary

notorial   r. adj. notary (attribute)

noÿabr   r. November

noÿba   kidney beans

nukdaÿnazar   point of view

nur   ray; beam

nurana   good looking; handsome

nurbat   screw

nusga   1. sample; specimen 2. copy 3. example

nyglamak   to underline

nygtamak   to emphasize

nyrh   price, fee

nyrhlamak   to appraise; evaluate; assess

nysan almak   to take aim

nysan   symbol/aim

ny∫an   1. mark, sign 2. sign 3. badge

ny∫ana   target; mark

ny∫analamak   to take aim

nyzam   1. formation 2. marching

O

oba hojalygy   agriculture

oba   village

obaçylyk   territory where there are villages

obada∫   people from the same village

obaly   persons from village (attrib.)

oblast   province

obraz   hero (fictional)

oburmak   to erode

oburylmak   to be eroded

obÿekt   r. 1. object 2. building site

obÿektiw   r. objective; unbiased

oçerk   essay; sketch

oçko   point (in a game)

odekolon   r. cologne

odeÿal   r. blanket

odun   wood

ofiser   r. officer

ofiserlik   officer's mess

ofisian   r. waiter

oglan   boy

oglan-uçak   little children

oglanlyk   childhood

ogramak   to thieve

ogrulyk   theft

ogry   thief

ogryn   secret

ogrynça   imperceptibly; insensibly

og∫amak   to kiss

og∫a∫mak   to kiss eachother

ogul   son; boy

ogul-gyz   boys and girls

ogulhajat   ring finger

ogullyk   adopted child

ogurlamak   to steal

ogurlyk   theft

ogu∫ÿa   to be found (to be); to turn out (to be)

ojak   1. hearth 2. center; seat (of war)

ojar   haloxylon

ok   1. arrow 2. axis

ok-dari   ammunition

okamak   to read, study

okatmak   to teach

okdurylmak   to dash; dart

okean   r. ocean

okgunly   rapidly; swiftly; promptly

okkupasiÿa   r. occupation

okkupirlemek   to occupy

oklamak   1. to toss 2. to load; charge

oklaw   rolling pin

oklukirpi   porcupine

oktÿabr   October

okudyjy   teacher

okuma   whitlow

okuw   studies

okuwçy   pupil

okuwly   educated

okyjy   person who reads at the library

ol   she, he, it

olar   they

olimpiada   r. olympiad

olja   trophies; spoils (of war)

olluk   possessive

olrug   region

oltañ   sole of a shoe

olum   ford; passage; crossing

omurmak   to break

   

omuz   shoulder

omzamak   to emphasize; to stress

on   ten

onçakly   not very

onda   then; so

ondan hem ba∫ga   in addition to; besides

ongunlyk   ten days

onluk   ten (noun)

onsoñ   so then

onunjy   tenth

onÿyllyk   ten years

onyança   while; for the time being

oñ   success

oñarmak   to cope; deal; manage

oñat   good

oñatlandyrmak   to make something better

oñatla∫mak   to become better

oñaÿly   favorable; propitious

oñaÿsyz   unfavorable; not propitious

oñlamak   to agree

oñluk   well-being; prosperity

oñly   good

oñmak   to be satisfied

oññut   conditions

oñ∫uk   peace

oñ∫ukly   peaceful

oñ∫uksyz   not peaceful

oñ∫uksyzluk   unrest

oñurga   spine

oñu∫mak   to be compatible

opera   r. opera

operasiÿa   r. operation

opmak   broken (used for large things)

opurmak   to destroy

opurylmak   to be destroyed

opuryly∫yk   disruption; frustration

orak   sickle

orakçy   sickler

oramak   cover

orbita   r. orbit

orbital   r. orbital

orden   order; decoration

ordenli   decorated person

orfografik   r. orthographic

orfografiÿa   r. orthography; spelling

organ   r, organ (biol.)

organik   r. organic

organizm   r. organism

orkestr   r. orchestra

ormak   to reap

orna∫dyrmak   to inculcate

orna∫mak   to work out; to settle down; to get fixed up

orna∫ykly   comfortably

ors   Russian

orsça   Russian language

orsÿet   Russia

orta   center; middle

ortaçal   average

ortak   participle

ortaky   middle (adj.)

ortanjy   middle (adj.)

orun   place

orunbasar   deputy

orunbasary   understudy   

orunly   local

osetin   nationality

oslagsyz   unexpected

oslamak   to expect

osmak   to suppose

ot   1. grass 2. fire

ot- çöp   twigs

ot- iÿm   feed

otag   room

otamak   to destroy (crops)

otarmak   to feed grass (to cows etc.)

otctawka   r. dismissal

otkrytka   r. postcard

otlamak   1. to eat grass 2. to burn

otliçnik   r. person at the top

otliçno   r. excellent

otluçöp   match

otluk   grassy area

otly   train

otnositel   relative

otno∫enie   r. attitudes

otrisatel   negative

otrÿad   detachment

otur   comma

oturgyç   chair

oturmak   sit

oturtmak   to plant

oturyly∫yk   meeting; party

oturymly   local

otuz   thirty

otuzynjy   thirtieth

owadan    beautiful

owadanlamak   to make beautiful

owadanlanmak   to be beautified

owadanlyk   beauty

owarra   "go away!" "go far!"

owarram   "to hell with it!"

owaz   sound

owaza   1. absolute pitch 2. rumour; hearsay

owazlanmak   to be heard

owgan   of Afghanistan

owkalamak   to massage; to work up

owlak   baby goat

owlaklamak   to give birth to a goat

owmak   to crumble

ownamak   to become small

ownatmak   1. to make smal 2. to change money ( to break a bill)

ownuk    little ; small

ownukçyl   petty; trifling

owranmak   to crumble

owratmak   to make something crumble

owuç   a handful

owuntyk   crumb

owurt   gulp

oÿ   idea; thought

oÿ-pikir   serious ideas; deep thoughts

oÿa   awake

oÿaly-ukuly   half asleep; dozing

oÿanmak   to wake up

oÿarmak   to awaken; call

oÿkamak   1. to rub 2. to grate; grind

oÿkanjyramak   to fidget

oÿkanmak   to rub oneself

oÿlamak   to suppose

oÿlamazdan   at random

oÿlanma   consideration

oÿlanmak   to reason; debate

oÿlany∫ykly   well thought out; considered

oÿlany∫yksyz   not well thought out

oÿlap tapmak   to invent

oÿlap tapyjy   inventor

oÿlyk   oasis

oÿmak   1. thimble 2. v. to hollow; chisel; gouge

oÿnamak   to play

oÿnatgy   laughing stock; butt of a joke

oÿnawaç   toy

oÿtak   naturally formed bakja

oÿun   game

oÿunçy   player

oÿunjak   toy

ozal   before

ozaldan   a long time in the past; from time immemorial

ozallar   a long time ago

ozalynda   at the very beginning

ozmak   to overtake

Ö

öç   vengeance

öçen   extinct

öçgün   matted, dull

öçmek   to extinguish

öçügsi   matt, dull

öçürmek   to put out, to turn down (a fire or light)

öçürmek   to switch off

ödek   oesophagus; gullet

ödemek   to vindicate

öermek   to marry a man to someone else

ögemek   to vomit

öjükdirmek   to stir up against

öjükmek   to become furious; to get mad

ökde   able; skillful

ökdelemek   to be able; capable

ökje   heel

ökünç   regret; sorrow

ökünmek   to pity; to regret

öküz   bull

öl   wet

ölçeg   size, measure

ölçemek   to measure

ölçeÿi∫   measurement

öldürmek   to kill

öli   dead

ölinça   until one dies; all one's life

öljermek   to become wet

öllemek   to wet

ölmek   to die

ölmez-ÿitmez   immortal; timeless

öl∫ermek   to cogitate, think hard about something

öl∫ük   slaughter, butchery   

ölüm    death

ölüm derejesi   death rate

ölüm-ÿitim   deaths

ömür   life

ömürlik   lifelong, for life

öndürijilik   productivity, output

öndürmek   to produce

önmek   1. to be born 2. to grow up, mature 3. to produce

önüm   product

önümcilik   production

önüp-ösmek   to grow up

öñ   1. in the past 2. in the front

öñ   1. ago, past 2. front

öñdelik   first place

öñden   from many years ago, from time immemorial

öñinçä   earlier, before

öñki   previous, former

öñkülik   previous situation

öññil   year before last

öññin   day before yesterday

öñünde   in front of

öñürdiklemek   to gallop

öñürti   before, at first

öñürtmek   to be the first, to leave behind

öñüsyra   before

öpmek   to kiss

öpüçmek   to kiss each other

öpü∫   kiss

ör   to get up

ördek   duck

örän   very

örgün   eruption, rash

örgünli   typhys, spotted fever

öri   pasture

örk   leash

örklemek   to tie, to leash, to fasten

örküç   hump

örmek   1. to knit 2. to braid 3. to break out (in a rash)

örtmek   to cover

örüzmek   to wake someone up

ösdürmek   to grow, cultivate

ösgün   long

ösmek   to grow, develop

össürim   fourteen

ösümlik   n. plant

ösü∫   growth, development

öt   bile, gall

öte   very

ötegçi   passerby

ötelge   passage

ötelgesi   mountain passage

öten   last

ötgür   sharp

ötmek   1. to cross, to go through 2. to burn

ötri   therefore, that's why

ötunmenk   to apologize

ötünç   apology

ötünç soramak   toapologize

ötürmek   to put through a hole, to thread

öweç   a lamb two years of age

öwelmek   to gape

öweÿ   step- (mother, father), adopted

öwez   compensation

öwgi   praise

öwgn   praise

öwlüÿa   cemetery

öwmek   to compliment; praise

öwre   1. times 2. round

öwrendekli   1. habit 2. chronic

öwreni∫dirmek   to familiarize

öwreni∫mek   to get used to; become accustomed

öwrenje   novice; amateur

öwrenmek   to learn

öwretmek   to teach, instruct

öwrülip   in the future; from now on; henceforth

öwrüli∫ik   overturn; revolution

öwrülmek   1. turn oneself over 2. to return

öwrüm   n. turn

öw∫ün   öwü∫gin

öwülÿä   graveyard

öwünjeñ   braggard

öwünjeñlik   boasting

öwünmek   to boast; brag

öwürmek    to turn something

öwüsgin   breeze

öwüsmek   to blow

öwü∫gin   brilliance; shine

öwüt-nesihat   advisors

öÿ hojalykçy   homemaker

öÿ   house; home

öÿ-i∫ik   family house

öÿjük   nest

öÿke   offence; injury

öÿke-kine   injuries; offences

öÿkelek   touchy; sensitive

öÿkelemek   to be offended; take offence

öÿkeli   offended; hurt

öÿken   lung

öÿkünmek   to imitate, to mimic

öÿle   afternoon

öÿle/öÿlän   afternoon

öÿlendirmek   to marry a man to someone else

öÿlenmek   to get married (for a man only)

öÿlän   afternoon

öÿtmek   to suppose, to think

öz   himself; herself

öz kelle   self-centered

öz-özünden   to occur without help

özara   between two people, mutual

özba∫dak   independent

özba∫daklyk   independence, self-rule

özba∫yña   wilfullness

özbek   Uzbek

özbolu∫ly   original; distinctive; peculiar

özelenmek   to pray; plead; beg

özen-   nucleus; core

özge   another

özgeri∫   change; something new

özgeri∫lik   changes; alterations

özgermek   to be altered or changed

özgertmek   to alter; change ; vary

özle∫dirmek   to cope; assimilate; master

özluk   gram. passive

özmek    to repay a debt

özüm   myself

özüni alyp bary∫   behavior, conduct

özüñe çekmek   to attract

P

paçak   peel, rind

pagta   cotton

pahna   wedge

pahyr   wretch

pajalamak   to prosper, thrive

pak   empty

paket   r. packet

pakgarçak   blister, bump

pakgarmak   to swell

pakyrdamak   to laugh loudly

pal   yawn

palak   rotten

palan   r. horsecloth

palas   r. thin rug

palata   r. chamber (of Parliment)

palatka   r. tent

palçyk   mud, clay

palçykyldamak   to make muddy

pallamak   to yawn

palta   axe

paltalamak   to chop with an axe

palto   r. overcoat

pamyk   absorbant cotton

panorama   r. panorama

pansion   r. pension

panys   torch, flashlight

pañkelle   fool

pañlamak   to brag

papak   cap

papiros   r. Russian cigarette

papka   r. folder

para   bribe

parahat   peace

parahatçylyk   peace

parahatlanmak   to make peaceful

parahatlyk   peace

parahor   briber

paramak   1. to reveal oneself 2. to crack

parasat   wisdom

parça   scrap

parçalamak   to scrap

parh   difference

parhlandyrmak   to differentiate

parhly bolmak   to distinguish

parhly   distinctive

parhsyz   indifferent

park   r. park

parkyldamak   to plumpen, fatten

parkyldy   fattened

parlak   sunshine, radiance

parlamak   to radiate

parran   throughout, through and through

parta   r. desk

partisan   r. partisan

partiÿa   r. party (political)

partladyjy   fuse

partlama   explosion

partlamak   to explode

pasport   r. passport

passiw   r. passive

pasyl   season

pasyrdamak   1. to soar 2. to wave

pasyrdyr   fluctuation

pa∫   exposure

pa∫mak   1. to realize 2. anat. sole (of foot)

pata   blessing

patlamak   to hit, strike

patrak   fried corn

patydyr   stamping

paty∫a   kind

paÿ   r. portion

paÿa   r. by portions

paÿawlamak   to finish

paÿçy   shareholder

paÿdyrmak   to trample

paÿhas   wisdom

paÿhasly   wise

paÿlamak   to divide

paÿlanmak   to be divided

paÿlas∫mak   to divide

paÿtagt   capital

paÿy∫   abusive

paza   ploughshare

pazyl   feathers, lashes

peç etmek   to bake

peçat   r. seal, stamp

peçatlamak   to seal, stamp

peçek   zool. field loach (fish)

peçenÿe   r. cookies

pedal   r. pedal

pedelemek   to package

pekge   dunce, dolt

pel   border

pel çekmek   to demarcate

pelle   finish

pellehana   finish

pelte   wick

peltek   mispronunciation

pelteklemek   to mispronounce

pena   covering, defense

penalamak   to defend, shelter

penalanmak   to defend oneself

penje   1. tassle 2. paw

penjek   coat, jacket

penjelemek   1. to snatch 2. to fight, scuffle

penjire   window

pensiÿa   r. pension

pen∫enbe   Wednesday

pent   1. lecture 2. admonition

per   feather

perbaÿsyz   indifferent

perde   1. curtain 2. membrane 3. action, activity

peresadka   r. transplantation

perewod   r. translation

perhaÿlyk   indifference

perik   spinning wheel

peri∫an bolmak   to be upset

peri∫de   angel

perizat   beautiful woman

pero   r. feather

perron   r. platform

pers-ala   shot up, wounded

persona£h   r. personage

personal   r. personal

perspektiv   r. perspective

pert   firm

pes   1. short, low 2. undistinguished

peseletmek   to decrease

peseltme   reduction

peseltmek   to reduce

pesinden   a little at a time

peslemek   to decrease

peslik   n. decrease

pessaÿlamak   to land an airplane

pe∫ehorda   sore, ulcer

pe∫e∫   gift

pe∫ew   urine

pet   1. bravery 2. starch

petde   pack, small stack

pete-pet   face to face

petek   anat. inner sole

peteke   crop

peteñ etmek   to be tired, fed up with

petilemek   to lock

petir   r. unleavened bread

peti∫   stuffy, sultry

peti∫lik   stuffiness

petle   r. loop, stitch

petlemek   to stitch up

petretmek   to stare

peÿa   r. landscape

peÿda bolmak   to emerge

peÿda   n. use

peÿdalanmak   to make oneself useful

peÿdaly   useful

peÿdasyz   useless

peÿnir   cheese

peÿwagtna   1. in one's way 2. idle, aimless

peÿwent etmek   1. to inoculate 2. to graft

päendeki   "paendeky", a winter melon

pähim   reason

pähimli   reasonable

päk   pure, clean, clear

päki   razor

päkize   clean

päkizelik   cleanliness

päklik   honesty

päl   intention

pälwan   fighter, hero

päsgel bermek   to bother

päsgelçilik   obstacles

pianino   r. piano

pianist   r. pianist

pida   sacrifice

pide   haydust

pijama   r. pajamas

pikerde∫   like-minded

pikir   1. thought, idea, opinion 2. intention, purpose

pikir etmek   to think

pikirlenmek   to think

pil   I. elephant II. shovel

pilçe   shoulder blade

pile   cocoon

pilot   r. pilot

pilotka   r. female pilot

pionir   r. pioneer

pionirlyk   r. pioneer days

pirim   trick, strategem, artifice

pirog   r. cake

piro£ny   r. little cakes

pis   1. bad 2. suffering

pisint oturmak   to like

pislemek   to go bad

pisse   pistachio

pistolet   r. pistol

pi∫ek   crutch

pi∫ik   cat

pi∫me   r. fried bread

piti   pot

pitiki   n. crack

pitikilemek   1. to click one's tongue 2. to snap one's fingers

pitirdemek   1. to vomit 2. to crawl away

pitne   mutiny, rebellion

pitnesi   rebel

piwa   r. beer

plakat   r. poster, placard

plan   r. plan

plana∫dyrmak   r. to plan

planeta   r. planet

planetara   r. between planets

planly   r. planned

planlyk   r. planning

plastilin   r. plasticine

plastinka   r. vinyl record

pla∫   r. raincoat

platforma   r. platform

pleÿonka   r. film, roll of film

plita   r. 1. slab 2. stove, range

plomwa   r. filling (for a tooth)

plomwalamak   r. to seal, fill in

plug   r. plow

plÿa£   r. beach

plÿus   r. plus

poçerk   r. hand-writing

poçta   mail, post

poçtalon   r. mailman

podo∫   r. anat. sole

podpole   r. n. underground

podpoleçnyÿ   r. adj. underground

podrazdelenie   r. subdivision

podwal   r. cellar, basement

podÿezd   r. 1. driveway, entrance 2. porch

poema   r. poem

poeztik   r. poetic

pogon   r. shoulder strap

pokry∫ka   r. cover, lid

pol   r. 1. floor 2. half 3. sex

pola£hitel   r. affirmative

polat   steel

poliklinika   r. polyclinic

politeknika   r. polytechnic

polk   r. 1. regiment 2. shelf

polkownik   r. colonel

pollamak   1. to lay, spread 2. to pave

polotenste   r. towel

polotno   r. linen

polÿak   r. Pole

polÿar   r. polar

polÿus   r. pole, terminal

pomidor   r. tomato

populÿar   r. popular

poro∫ak   r. powder

porsy   stench, stink

porsyn   r. bed sheet

por∫en   r. portion

port   1. brittle, frail, fragile 2. r. port

portfel   r. briefcase

portret   r. portrait

portsiÿa   r. portion

portugal   r. Portugal

pos   rust

posly   rusty

possun   fur (coat)

post   r. 1. post 2. fast (religious)

posulka   r. parcel

posÿolok   r. settlement

potolok   r. ceiling

potratçylyk   contract

potratlaÿyn   piece (of work)

powest   r. story

powestka   r. summons

pozitsiÿa   r. position

pökgi   1. ball 2. chubby, plump

pökremek   to swell

pökretmek   to inflate

praktika   r. practice

predmet   r. object

premera   r. premier

prentsip   r. principle

preparat   r. preparation

pres-konferentisiÿa   r. press conference

preslemek   to press

prezent   child, baby

prezi   queen (in chess)

prezident   r. president

prezidium   r. presidium

printsipal   r. of principle

pristan   r. pier, quay

pristawka   r. prefix

priz   r. prize

problema   r. problem

professional   r. professional

professor   r. professor

profsoÿuz   r. trade union

prognoz   r. prognosis

programa   r. program

progres   r. progress

progressiw   r. progressive

progul etmek   to shirk

progul   truancy

projhektor   r. searchlight

prokuratura   r. office of the public prosecutor

prokuror   r. public prosecutor

proletariat   r. proletariat

proletor   r. proletarian

propaganda   r. propoganda

propagandirlemek   r. to propagate

propusk   r. omission, blank, absence

prospekt   r. avenue

protest   r. protest

protez   r. artificial limb

protokol   r. protocol

protsent   r. percent

protses   r. process

prowlenie   r. 1. government 2. management, board, administration

prowodnik   r. guide, conductor

prowokatsiÿa   r. provocation

proÿekt   r. project, plan

proÿektirlemek   to project

proza   r. prose

prozaçi   r. prose writer

pru£in   r. spring, source

puç   empty, hollow

pudak   branch, twig

pudaklamak   to branch out

pugta   1. firm, solid, long-lasting, durable 2. serious

pugtalandurmak   1. to consolidate 2. to stabilize

pugtalyk   firmness

pukara   n. poor

pukaralyk   poverty

pul   money

pulemÿot   r. machine gun

punkt   r. 1. station, place 2. point, item

punktuatsiÿa   punctuation

pursat   time, moment

pu∫man etmek   to regret, pity

pu∫man getermek   to compel

pu∫man   regret, pity

putÿowka   r. pass, permit

pür   crown

pürepür   overcrowded, overflowing

pürepürlemek   to overfill

pürkmek   splash, shuffle, sprinkle

pürs   1. hollow 2. beam

pÿan   drunk

pÿure   r. puree

pyçak   knife, blade

pyçaklamak   to knife, stab

pyçgy   saw

pygamber   prophet

pygyl   intention, design, purpose

pykyrdamak   1. to seethe 2. to chuckle, giggle

pylan   a certain, some

pylança   a certain (time, amount)

pylçamak   to crack, strike

pyntyk   1. bud 2. kidney

pyntyklamak   1. to enlist, recruit 2. to dial (telephone)

pyñkyrmak   to leap

pyrlamak   1. to twist, twirl 2. to roll up

pyrlanmak   to twist oneself

pyssarmak   1. to wither, fade 2. to give up hope

py∫baga   turtle

py∫dyl   turtle

py∫yrdamak   to whisper

py∫yrdy   whisper

pytramak   1. to crumble 2. to disperse

pyÿada   by foot

pyÿadalamak   to go by foot

pyÿalu∫ka   little cup

pyzmak   to hurl, fling

R

radio   r. radio

radionpryomnik   r. receiving set

radiostantsiÿa   r. radio station

radiouzel   r. radio center

radist   r. radio operator

radius   r. radius

rahat   1. peace 2. peaceful; quiet

rahat   peaceful

rahatlanmak   to calm down; subside; become quiet

rahatlyk   rest; repose; peace

rahatsyzlandyrmak   to alarm; disquiet; disturb

rahatsyzlanmak   to be upset; anxious; alarmed

raketa   r. rocket

raport   r. raport

rasçÿot   r. calculation; estimation; settlement of accounts

raspisaniÿe   r. schedule

ratsionaçylyk   r. rationality

ratsionalizator   rationalist

raund   r. round (of a competition)

raÿat   nationality; citizenship

raÿat- bolmak   to become a citizen

raÿda∫   someone in sympathy with others

raÿda∫lyk   solidarity

raÿon   r. region

razrÿad   r. category; class

razwedka   r. 1. geol, prospecting 2. reconnaissance party 3. secret service

razwedkaçy   r. 1. scout 2. secret service officer, intelligence officer

razÿlyk   1. contentment ; satisfaction 2. agreement

razy   1. content ; satisfied 2. agreeable

razy bolmazlyk   disagreement

razy   in agreement with

razyla∫mak   1. to make an agreement 2. to forgive 3. to reconcile

razyla∫mak   to agree

razylyk   harmony

reaksion   r. reactionary

reaksiÿa   r. reaction

reaktiw   r. reactive

real   r. real

realistik   r. realistic

realizm   r. realism

redaksion   r. editing

redaksiÿa   r. editorial staff

redaktirlemek   r. to edit

redaktor   r. editor

redaktorlyk   r. editorship

rediska   r. radish

reforma   r. reform

regbi   r. rugby

regbiçi   r. rugby player

registrasiÿa   r. registration

registratura   r. registry

registrirlemek   r. to register

regulirlemek   r. to regulate

regulÿar   r. regular

rehim   pity, compassion

rehimdar   generous, compassionate, sorrowful

rehimli   generous, compassionate, sorrowful

rehimsiz   ruthless, heartless, soulless

reje   1. sign, feature, characteristic 2. order, way, conditions

rejelemek   to bring, lead, result in

rejeli   accurate, punctual, neat, tidy

reklama   r. advertisement

rekomendasiÿa   r. recommendation

rekord   r. record

rektor   r. president, rector, chancellor

rektorlyk   r. rectorship

rels   r. rails, track

remont   r. repair(s)

   

rende   plane

rendelemek   to plane

rentgen   r. X-ray(s)

reñbe-reñ   multi-colored

reñk   1. paint 2. color

reñklemek   to paint, color

reñkli   colorful, colored

repetisiÿa   r. rehearsal

replika   r. replica

resmi   official, formal

resmile∫dirmek   to form, shape, legalize

respublika   r. republic

respublikan   r. republican

restoran   r. restaurant

resurs   r. resource

ret etmek   to deflect, dissuade, reject

retsept   r. recipe

rewolÿusion   r. revolutionary

rewolÿusiÿa   r. revolution

reÿs   r. flight, voyage, trip

rezerw   r. reserve(s)

rezhim   r. regime

rezhissÿor   r. stage manager

rezin   r. rubber

rezolÿusiÿa   r. resolution

rähnet   1. well-being 2. bliss   

rähnetli   blissful

rifma   r. rhyme

rol   r. part, role

rolik   r. roller

rom   r. rhombus

roman   r. novel

rota   r. company

rowa bolmak   to be worthy

rowa   worthy, well-deserved

rowaç   successful, good

rowaçlanmak   to attain success

rowaÿat   legend, story

roÿal   r. grand piano

röw∫en   radiant, brilliant, light, joyful

ruçka   r. pen

rugsat   permission

ruh   I. soul, spirit, mood II. r. rook (of chess)

ruh   spirit, soul

ruhlandyrmak   to inspire

ruhlanmak   to feel inspired

ruhubelent   inspired

ruhubelentlik   inspiration

ruhy   spiritual, mental, ecclesiastical, religious

rul   r. steering wheel

rumyn   r. Romanian

rus   Russian

rusça   Russian language

rusçalamak   to speak in Russian

rÿadowoÿ   1. r. ordinary 2. r. private (class of soldier)

rÿukzak   r. rucksack,backpack

S

sabamak   1. to diminish 2. to release, to get rid of 3. to be empty

sabyn   soap

sabynlamak   to wash with soap

sabyr et   "God bless you" (said after a sneeze)

sabyr   patience

sabyrly   patient

sabyrlylyk   patience

saç   hair

saç örümi   braid, plait

sada   1. simple 2. sincere

sadalyk   simplicity

sadap   button

sag aman   safely

sag    I. health sag bol!=be healthy/thank you! II. right

sag-gurgun   sag-gurgun gezip ÿöremek=to be in a good mood, healthy

sagalmak   to recover

sagat   I.healthy II. 1. watch 2. hour

sagatlyk   hour's worth

sagdyn   healthy

sagdynla∫dyrmak   to cure, treat, take care of

sagdyrmak   to make someone milk a cow

saglyk   health

sagmak   to milk

sagry   back of a horse/donkey

sagym   mirage

sagymçy   milkmaid

sagynmak   to pause, hesitate, delay

sahap   cover

sahna   stage

sahypa   page

sak   vigilant, watchful

saka   divide, watershed

sakar kelle   bald

sakaw   stutterer

sakçy   watchman

sakgal   beard

saklamak   1. to keep 2. to store 3. to detain 4. to take care of, oversee, act as a guardian 5. to retain 6. to support 7. to keep from someone 8. to make someone do something

saklanan   second-hand

saklanmak   to restrain one's self

saklaÿy∫   upkeep, maintenence

sakydamak   to tweet sakyrdama!=shut up!

sakynmak   to stutter

sakyrtga   skin burrowing animal, chigger

sal   raft

sala   advice

salam   hi

salamla∫mak   to greet, say "hi"

salat   r. salad

salawmaleÿkim   may peace be upon you

saldamly   heavy, ponderous

salfetka   r. napkin

salgamak   to wave, flap

salgy atmak   to find out about

salgylanmak   to refer to, cite

salgym   mirage

salgyt   tribute, payment, tax salgyt tölemek=to pay taxes

salkym   bunch, cluster bir salym üzüm=a bunch of grapes

salkyn   cool

salkynlamak   to become cool

sallah   bachelor

sallamak   to lower, cast down, drop, hang

sallançak   1. crib 2. swing

sallanmak   1. to hang 2. to be hung

salmak   1. to place, put 2. to build jaÿ salmak=to build a house 3. i∫e salmak=to help someone get a job 4. abraÿdan salmak=to dishonor 5.    to pretend not to bilmezlege salmak=to pretend not to know, görmezlege salmak=to pretend not to see   

salparmak   to dangle

salpy   dangling

salÿut   r. salute

salyhatly   serious

salykatly   to be courteous

salym   one moment bir salym aÿak çekmek=to stop for one moment

samahylamak   to chatter

saman   straw saman kelle=stupid

sambo   wrestling

samolÿot   r. airplane

samramak   to mutter, mumble

samsyk   fool, stupid

samsyklyk   foolishness

samyrdy   mutterings, mumblings

san   1. number 2. amount 3. score 4. cardinal numbers 5. ordinal numbers 6. weight   

san-cyz   1. a great number of something 2. person who has lost his authority, credibility, or honor   

san-sajak   a lot, an exaggerated amount

sanaç   1. leather bag 2. bellows

sanamak   to count

sanandarlyk   musucianship

sana∫mak   to talk back

sanatoriÿa   r. sanatorium, resort

sançmak   to stab with a dagger

sandyk   chest, hope chest

sandyramak   to tremble, shake, shudder

sandyrawuk   trembling, shaking

sani   r. sled

sanitar   r. male nurse

sanjak   safety pin

sanjamak   to prick

sanjy   colic

sanly   counted

sansyz-sanjak-syz   a lot

sañalmak   sañalyp durmak=to stop numb/ stop dead

saññyldamak   sandyramak=to shake, shiver

sap   I. 1. cunning 2. shrewdness 3. temptation 4. a row II. 1. pure, clean 2. morally pure III. handle

sap sary   yellowest

sapa   enjoyment, delight, pleasure

sapak   I. thread II. lesson

sapalk   evasion

sapaly   merry, happy, blessed

sapar   I. time indiki sapar=next time II. trip, journey

saplamak   to clarify, purify, leanse

saplanmak   to be cleaned, purified

sapmak   1. to thread a needle 2. to immunize a plant 3. to combine

sar   starling bird

sarag   bandage

saralmak   1. to become yellow 2. to make yellow

saramak   1. to spin 2. to wrap 3. to tie

sarç   cowardly

sargamak   1. to confide 2. to order

sargyt   commission, message, mission sargyt etmek=to go on a mission

sarkmak   to drip

sarkyrmak   to make something drip

sarmak   sargamak=1. to confide 2. to order

sarnamak   to mutter, mumble

sarp etmek   to consume

sarpa goÿmak   to respect

sarpa   respect

sarsdyrmak   to shove, to shake

sarsgyn   shoving, shaking

sarsmak   1. to shudder 2. to quiver

sarsmaz   indestructible,, untouchable, proud

sary   yellow

sarykmak   to dry

sarymsyk   garlic

saryÿag   clarified butter, ghee

saryÿagyz   sallow, yellowish

sata∫mak   to meet someone

satmak   1. to sell 2. to betray

satyjy   seller

satyn almak   to buy

satynalmak   to sell

sawçy   machmaker

sawçylar   matchmaker

sawçylyk   matchmakerness

saÿ   sandbank, shoal

saÿgarmak   to distinguish

saÿgylamak   to whip

saÿhalla∫dyrmak   to put in order, organize

saÿlama   1. selected, chosen 2. choice

saÿlamak   to choose

saÿlanan   chosen

saÿlanmak   1. to be chosen

saÿlaw   election

saÿlawçy   voter, elector

saÿlow   election, vote

saÿmak   I. 1. to consider 2. to think II. 1. to tousle, churn up 2. to beat up

saÿpallamak   to subside, hall, decrease

saÿrak   singing saÿrak gu∫=singing bird

saÿramak   to sing

saz   I. music, musical II. accurate, intact

sazak   type of tree

sazanda   musician

sazandar   musician

sazçylyk   adj. music sazçylyk mekdebi=music school

sazlamak   to make accurate, intact

sazla∫yk   concordant, accordant

sazly   musical, with music

sebäbi   because

sebäp   cause, reason

sebäpkär   guilty person

sebäpli   1. reasonable 2. with an alabi

sebäpsiz   1. unreasonable 2. without an alabi

seçek   fringe

seçekli   fringed

seçme   bullet

seçmek   1. to shatter 2. to choose

segezdan   wanderer, vagabond

segsen   eighty

segseninji   eightieth

seh   r. shop, guild

seki   porch

sekiz   eight

sekizinji   eighth

sekmek   to appear, emerge

sekretar   r. seretary

seksiÿa   r. section

sekunt   r. second

selçen   seyÿrek=seldom

selçenlemek   seÿreklemek=to diminish, reduce

seleñ   1. space 2. coolness

seleñlemek   to go out into coolness

seljermek   to distinguish, determine

selle   turban

sellem    bir sellem=a little bit

sellofan   r. cellophane

sellÿuloza   r. cellulose

selpemek   1. to trot 2. to look for

sem bolmak   to pause, hesitate sem bol!=shut up!

semawar   r. samovar, water boiler

semek   to weigh, to hang out, spread out

semelemek   to fumble

sememek   to fumble

sement   r. cement

sementlemek   to cement

seminar   r. seminar

semiz   fat, plump

semizlik   fatness, girth, obesity

semremek   to fatten, gain weight

semretmek   1. to get fat 2. to put on weight

sen   you

senagat   industry

sene   date

senemere edi∫mek   to quarrel

senet   1. trade, craft 2. occupation

senetçi   master, skilled person

senetçilik   master

seniñçe   your way, in your style

senitmeter   r. centimeter

senlik ÿöñkeme   "you" pronoun

sentner   r. sentner (100 kg.)

sentÿabr   September

señkildemek   to leap

seññer   rampart, bank, wall

señrik   bridge of the nose

señse   brain-damaged from and explosion

señselemek   to faint

señselik   confusion, bruise

sep   I. 1. seam, joint 2. row, line, file, series II. dowry

sepelemek   1. to shatter 2. to drizzle 3. to spray

sepgil   freckle

sepgit   1. joint 2. hem

sepikdirmek   to cut out

sepikmek   to retreat

sepi∫mek   to join, connect

seplemek   1. to join, connect 2. to weld

sepmek   I. 1. to sprawl 2. to fold down II. 1.to sprinkle 2. to shatter

sep∫ik deñ bölemek   to cut along the grain

serb   r. Serb, Serbian

serçe   sparrow

serçi   sparrow

serdar   leader

serenjam   gear, equipment

seresap   careful seresap bol=be careful

seresaply   carefully

seretmek   1. to look at 2. to look after 3. to stare 4. to glare

sereÿa   series

sergezdan   bum, vagrant

sergezdançylyk   hermitage, state of being a vagabond

sergezdanlyk   hermitage, state of being a vagabond

sergi   exhibition, show

serhet   border

serhetçi   border guard

serho∫   drunkard

seri∫de   means, remedy

serkerde   commander, general

sermek   to spread out

sersag   sober

sersaglyk   sobriety

serzhant   r. sergeant

ses   1. sound 2. voice 3. noise

ses-üÿn   sounds

seslenmek   1. to be heard 2. to respond

sesli   I. andj. sound, talking II. loud, noisy

sessiÿa   r. session

sessiz   1. silent 2. mute

setilemk   to line up, to put in lines, rows

setin   r. satin

setir   1. line 2. row

setka   r. net

seÿalka   seeder

seÿil   walking, revelry stroll, roam, wander

seÿis   horse jockey

seÿislemek   to train a horse

seÿran etmek   to roam, stroll, wander

seÿrek   1. rare, seldom 2. unusual

seÿreklemek   to diminish, reduce

sezewar bolmak   to face difficulties and overcome them

säginmek   to pause, hesitate, stop

sähel   a little, slightly

sähelçe   a liitle, slight

säher   dawn

sähra   steppe

säwlik   occasion

sfera   r. shpere

shema   r. scheme

sifr   r. figure, number

sifrlemek   to count, to figure

signal   r. signal

sil   flood

silindr   r. cylinder

silkmek   1. to shake 2. to brush off

silos   r. hay

siloslamak   to make hay

siltemek   to jolt or shake

sim   wire, clothesline

simap   mercury

simbol   r. symbol

simlemek   to become infected

sindirmek   to digest

sink   r. zinc

sinonim   r. synonym

sintaksis   r. syntax

sintaktik   r. synthetic

sintenjiremek   to fidget

sintez   r. synthesis

sinus   r. sinus

siñdirmek   1. to absorb 2. to digest

siñe   attentively

siñek   fly

siñmek   1. to be absorbed 2. to be digested

siññitli   1. to be drizzled 2. soft food

sirk   r. circus

sirke   I. lice eggs II. vinegar

sirkul   r. circle

sistema   r. system

sistemle∫dirmek   to systemize

sisterna   r. cistern

si∫enbe   Wednesday

sitada   r. quotation

sitirlemek   to quote

siÿdik   wine

siz   you (pl.)

sizingçe   your way, as you would (pl.)

skafandr   helmut

sklad   r. storehouse

skulptor   r. sculptor

skulptora   r. sculpture

skwar   r. alley

skwazhina   r. motorized water pump

slawÿan   r. Slavic

slesar   r. plumber

slÿot   r. congress

smena   r. period, shift

smirno   r. at attention

snaÿard   missle

sogan   onion

sogap   good deed

sogurmak   to pull out

sojamak   to gasp

sokgarylmak   to be snoopy

sokjamak   to suck

sokmak   to insert

soky   pestle

soldat    r. soldier

soldatlyk   soldierhood

solgun   pale, faded

solmak   1. to fade 2. to wilt

somsa   r. meatpie

soñ   1. later, after, then 2. continuing 3. end

soñabaka   adv. later

soñky   final, last

soñlamak   to complete, finish

soñra   later

soñraundan   after

sorag   1. question 2. interrogation

sorag bermek   to question

sorag   question

soragcyz   unquestionable

soramak   to ask, question

sora∫mak   to ask someone a question

sorguç   tissue paper

sorkuldmak   to throb,beat

sormak   1. to suck 2. to absorb

sort   r. sort, kind, variety

sortdurmak   to be angry

sortlamak   to sort

sosial   r. social

sosialism   r. socialism

sosialstik   r. socialistic

sosiska   r. sausage link

sostaw   r. staff

sowa   by-passed, missed

sowal   question

sowamak   1. to cool 2. to become disinterested

sowat   literacy

sowatly   literate

sowatmak   to become literate

sowatsyz   illiterate

sowatsyzlyk   illiteracy

sowet   r. advice

sowgat   president

sowhoz   state farm

   

sowly   successful

sowmak   1. to consume 2. to divert 3. to urn around 4. to complete

sowsuzlyk   failure

sowuk   cold

sowuk-sala   sloppy

sowukganly   old-blooded

sowukganlylyk   cold-bloodedness

sowuklamak   to catch a cold

sowuklatmak   to give someone a cold

sowuklyk   cold

sowulmak   1. to turn 2. to finish 3. to by-pass, to avoid

sowurmak   1. to have a dust storm 2. to blow money carelessly

soÿmak   1. to skin 2. to scratch 3. to cut off

soÿulmak   1. to shed hair 2. to flake (skin)

soÿuz   union

söbe∫mek   to fight

söbük   hill

söe   supporter (thing)

sögmek   1. to scold, curse, abuse 2. to swear at

sögünç   obsenity, swear word

sögü∫mek   to quarrel

söhbet   chat, discussion

söhbetde∫   conversation partner

sökmek   1. to take apart 2. to rip out a seam 3. to plow 4. to reinvestigate

sökülmek   to rip out a seam

sölpi   absent-minded, sloppy

sömelmek   to be dumb-founded, numb

söndürmek   to extinguish, turn off the light

sönen   extinct

sönmek   to fade

söw-söw   with syryp ÿöremek=to hang out

söwda   commerce, trade

söwda etmek   to make a trade

söwdagar   trader, merchant, businessman

söwdala∫mak   to bargain, haggle

söwe∫   battle

söwe∫jen   militant, energetic

söwe∫lyk   militancy

söwe∫mek   to fight

söwmek   to swear (curse)

söwüt   willow

söÿemek   to lean

söÿenmek   to be leaning

söÿget   support

söÿgi   love

söÿguli   favorite

söÿli   favorite, beloved

söÿmek   to love

söÿnji   gift to the bearer of good news

söÿnmek   to be happy

söÿü∫mek   to love one another

söz   1. word, introduction 2. conversation 3. speech 4. promise

sözba∫y   preface, title

sözlem   sentence

sözlemek   to speak

sözle∫mek   to arrange

sözlük   dictionary

sözlüklik   little dictionary

sözsoñy   preposition

spartakiÿada   r. olympics

spasiba   r. thank you

spektakl   r. spectile

spesalist   r. specialist

spirit   rubbing alcohol

spisok   r. the least

sport   r. sport

sportmen   r. sportsman

sprawka   r. permission

spwa£ga   1. pocket money 2. reason

stadion   r. stadium

stakan   r. glass

stanok   r. loom

stansiÿa   r. station

star∫ina   the oldest in the group

start   r. beginning (n.)

stazh   r. tenure

sterzhen   r. ink cartrige

stil   r. style

stol   r. table

strahowanie   r. insurance

student   r. student

studentlyk    studenthood

stul   r. chair

subut bolmak   to be proven

subut etmek   to prove, make clear

subutnama   proof

sud   r. court

sudla∫mak   to sue

sudur   outline

sudÿa   judge

sugun   deer

sugunçylyk   raising deer

sumat bolmak   to disappear 2. to disguise 3. to conceal

sumka   r. bag

sungat    art

surat   1. picture 2. photographg

suratçy   artist

suratlandyrma   description

suratlandyrmak   to depict, describe

suraty   illustrated

surnukmak   to suffer, to be tortured

susak   ladle

susguç   shovel

susmak   to scoop

sustupes   exhausted, frustrated

su∫ilka   dryer

suw   1. water 2. watery

suwag   stucco plaster

suwamak   to plaster

suwarmak   to water

suwarym   watering

suwasty   underwater

suwjarmak   1. to soak 2. to sentimentalize over

suwlamak   to spray

suwsamak   to be thirsty

suwuk   thin, fluid

suwuklyk   liquid (n.)

suwulçu   sprayer

suwulgan   lizard

sübce   broom

sübcelemek   to sweep

süem barmak   pointer finger

sülçhi   detective

süle   oats

sülenmek   to crown, swarm

sülgün   phesant

süllermek   to fade

süllümbaÿ   to be wet, to be soaked

sülük   leech

sümek   earlobe

sümgürmek   to blow one's nose

sümmek   to creep into, get into

sümmül   stalk

sümsünmek   to walk, stroll

sünbül   stalk of wheat

sünnet   circumcision

süñk   bone

süpürmek   1. to sweep 2. to wipe

sürçek   ice-crusted, slippery

süren   den, cave, lair

sürgün etmek   to exile

sürgün   exile

süri   1. herd, flock 2. group, crowd

sürmek   1. to drive 2. to till

sürtenmek   to rub

sürtmek   to rub in

sürügi   driver

sürüm   tillage

süsdürilmek   to run into something

süsmek   to butt, gore

sütem   pressure, oppression

sütük   fur

sütükli   furry

sütün   column, pillar

süu go∫amak   to feel sick 2. to be numb

süu   organism, constitution

süÿdemdirijiler   animal

süÿge∫ik   swampy, marshy

süÿge∫iklik   swamp, marsh

süÿjemek   to be sweet

süÿji   1. sweet, sugary 2. fresh water 3. pleasant 4. sweets, candy

süÿjiçil   sweet tooth

süÿkemek   to rub, grate

süÿkenmek   1. to rub, itch oneself 2. to pester, annoy

süÿndürmek   1. to stretch out 2. to extend, prolong

süÿnmek   1. to stretch out, recline 2. to extend

süÿpent   rudder, wheel, handle bar

süÿremek   to pull out

süÿrenjen   to be at the end

süÿrenjiler   reptiles

süÿrenmek   1. to creep, to crawl 2. to be at the end

süÿri   oblong

süÿ∫mek   to move

süÿ∫ürmek   to move something

süÿt   milk

süÿtde∫   native, own, blood, true

süÿtli   milky. dairy

süÿüm   fiber

süÿü∫mek   1. to move 2. to move forward

süzguç   filter

süzme   yogurt

süzmek   to strain, filter

süzülmek   1. to wear out 2. to stick togehter, close eyes from fatigue

syçan   mouse

syçramak   1. to spray, splash 2. to stand on someone's feet suddenly (?)

syçratmak   to splash, spray

sygmak   to find room

sygym   capacity

sygyr   cow

sygyrmak   to whistle

syhalamak   to slice, cut with a sharp edge

syk   thick, density

syklyk   density

sykmak   to squeeze, press

sykyklyk   whistling

sylag   1. respect, honor 2. gift 3. reward

sylamak   to respect

syla∫yk   mutual respect

syn etmek   to stare, observe

syn   survey, review

syn-syn   on end (as hair)

synag   test, trial

synamak   to test, experience, undergo, try, attempt

synanmak   to try, attempt

synany∫yk   attempt

synçgamak   to pick, poke

synçgylawuk   hiccup synçgylawugyñ tutmak=to hiccup

synçy   1. alert, shrewd, sharp 2. surveyor, reviewer

syndyrmak   to destroy, abolish, annul

synlamak   to watch, observe

synmak   to abolish

synp   class, caste

synpy   class (struggle)

synthetika   r. synthetic

syñral   hoof

sypal   straw, thatch

sypalamak   to smooth, to pet

sypalga   reason, cause

sypañ-sermeñ   sypañ-sermeñ etmek=to be haughty, to spoil (a child)

sypat   I. 1. appearance 2. quality II. adjective

sypatlandyrmak   to depict, describe

sypaÿçylyk   politeness, courtesy

sypaÿçylykly   courteously , with courtesy

sypaÿy   1. courteous 2. elegant

sypdyrmak   1. to miss, let go, let escape 2. to miss 3. to say something accidentally

sypjyrmak   to scratch

sypjyryk   scratch

sypmak   1. to release, escape 2. to get rid of 3. to make a mistake

sypynmak   to have free time

sypyrmak   to peel, tear off

syr   secret, mystery

syramak   I. to circle, whirl, spin (sand or snow) II. to sew a blanket, to quilt

syrat   appearance, figure

syratly   slender, slim

syrça   enamel

syrdambitin   unspoiled

syrda∫   favorite

syrgyn   I. blizzard, snowstorm II. row of houses

syrkaw   1. ill 2. ill person

syrkawlamak   to fall ill, to ache

syrkawlyk   disease, illness

syrkyramak   to ache

syrly   weird, mysterious

syrma   knot, noose

syrmak   1. to sweep 2. to shave

syrt   1. backside 2. bottom (anatomical)

syrtartmak   to grin, jeer

syrtky   back (adj.)

syryk   pole

syrykdyrmak   to divert one's attention, to digress

syrykmak   to flow, leak, stream

syrylmak   diffused, to diffuse (?)

syÿa   ink

syÿahat etmek   to travel

syÿahat   trip, journey, travels

syÿahatçy   traveller

syÿasat   politics, policy

syÿasatçy   politician

syÿasy   political

syzlamak   to ache, throb

syzmak   I. 1. to feel 2. to have a premonition II. to ooze

∫

∫a   king, shah

∫abyrdamak   to pour, flow, spread

∫adyÿan   merry

∫adyÿanlyk   merriment

∫agal   jackal

∫agalañ   merriment

∫agalañly   gay, merry, cheerful

∫agga   quickly, soon

∫aggyldamak   to make a noise, rustle

∫aggyldy   noise, rustle

∫aglawuk   waterfall

∫agyrdamak   to rustle, make a noise

∫agyrdy   rustle, noise, sound

∫ah   horn (of an animal)

∫aha   branch

∫ahadatnama   certificate

∫ahalak   branchy

∫ahalamak   to branch out

∫ahly   horned

∫ahra   poetess

∫ahs   personality, identity

∫ahsy   personal

∫ahsyÿet   personality, identity

∫ahta   r. mine, pit

∫ahtaçy   r. miner

∫ahtÿor   r. miner

∫ahyr   poet

∫ahyrlyk   poetic works, creations

∫akäse   bowl

∫akgalamak   to split

∫akgyrdamak   to rumble

∫akgyrdatmak   to rumble

∫akgyrdy   rumble

∫algam   turnip

∫alpy-∫arañ   1. complete 2. wet, moist

∫alpyldamak   to splash

∫alpyldy   splash

∫aly   adj. rice

∫an   glory, fame

∫an-∫öhrat   glory

∫anly   famous

∫añlamak   to ring, jingle

∫aññyrdamak   to ring, jingle

∫aññyrdy   peal, chime

∫apak   glow of dusk, glow of dawn

∫apba   quickly, momentarily

∫apbat   1. palm of hand 2. slap in the face

∫apyrdy   splash

∫apyrtdatmak   to squelch

∫ar   r. sphere, ball

∫aramak   to take with a fork

∫arf   r. scarf

∫ar£   cartoon character

∫ark-∫urk   quickly

∫arkyldamak   to rattle, clatter, knock, rap

∫arkyldy   knock, rattle, clatter

∫arlamak   to rage, seethe

∫artyldamak   to crack, crackle

∫artyldy   crack, crash

∫aryk   fork

∫a∫ka   r. checkers (Asian style)

∫at   joyful, happy

∫atlama   1. frozen 2. hard, ringing

∫atlamak   to freeze, congeal

∫atlanmak   to enjoy

∫atlyk   joy

∫atlykly   joyful

∫atyrdamak   to crack, chirp, crackle

∫atyrdy   crash, crack

∫aÿ   adornment, decoration, embellishment

∫aÿ-sep   1. dowry 2. costly, valuable

∫aÿat   witness

∫aÿatlyk   evidence

∫aÿatnama   evidence, certificate, license

∫aÿba   r. disk

∫aÿlar   parts

∫aÿy   1. coin 2. nickel

∫aÿylyk   1. nickel 2. trinket

∫ek   doubt, question

∫ekel   1. form, outline, sketch 2. image, picture, representation 3. figure

∫eker çinrigi   sugar-beet

∫eker   sugar

∫ekillendirmek   to depict

∫ekilli   similar to, such, like

∫eksiz   without doubt, unquestionably

∫em   candle

∫emal   wind : ÿuwa∫ ∫emal = breeze

∫emallamak   to be aired out, inflated

∫emallatmak   to air, inflated

∫embe   Saturday

∫embe∫ik   sticky

∫epbe∫mek   to stick

∫epbik   resin, pitch, tar

∫er   scandal

∫erap   wine

∫erbert   r. sherbert

∫erebe   salty, salt solution

∫ermende   wretch

∫ert   I. 1. condition 2. vow, pledge II. conditional, relative

∫ertli   conditional, relative

∫ertnama   contract

∫etdaly   peach

∫eÿle   such, so, just like

∫eÿle-de   as such

∫eÿlelik bilen   thus, then, so, well

∫eÿlelikde   well, then, so, thus

∫eÿtan   devil

∫eÿtanlyk   cunning, trickery, craftiness, ruse

∫eÿtmek   to do so, to do such

∫ägirt   apprentice

∫ägirtlik   apprenticeship

∫ähdaçyk   merrily, in good spirts

∫äher   city

∫äherara   intercity, long-distance

∫äht   spirit, mood

∫änik   stone

∫ärik   companion

∫ärikli   together

∫ifirlemek   r. to cover, coat, trump

∫ifr   r. cipher, code

∫ifrlemek   r. to ciphere, code

∫ikaÿat   1. complaint 2. appeal

∫ikaÿat etmek   to complain

∫ikes   1. mutilation 2. breakage

∫illirdemek   to murmur

∫illirdi   murmur

∫in   r. 1. tire 2. splint

∫inde   1. wedge 2. embryo, bud

∫indi   1. now 2. still, yet

∫indiki   present, actual

∫inel   r. overcoat

∫inelemek   to get bound up, get entangled

∫ir   Leo (zodiac sign)

∫ire   juice

∫irin   1. sweet, tasty 2. pleasant, agreeable

∫irrildemek   to murmur, purr

∫itil   sprout, sprouts

∫itilhana   nursery

∫itirdi   rustle

∫iwe   accent, dialect, talk

∫kaf   r. cupboard, wardrobe

∫lang   r. hose

∫lem   r. helmet

∫lÿapa   r. hat

∫ofÿor   r. driver, chauffeur

∫oh   gay, merry, happy

∫okolad   chocolate

∫okolady   adj. chocolate

∫ol   that

∫onça   so, so much, so many

∫or   salty, saline

∫orluk   saltiness

∫orpuldatmak   to squelch

∫orsuw   salt water

∫orta söz   anecdote

∫osse   r. highway, turnpike

∫ow   good luck, success

∫owa kör   short-sighted

∫owalyk   short-sightedness

∫owhun   din, hubbub, noise, rustle

∫owhunly   noisy, loud, sensational

∫owly   successful, good

∫öhle   ray, beam

∫öhlelendirmek   1. to shine 2. to illuminate, elucidate

∫öhrat   glory

∫öhratlanmak   to glorify

∫öhratly   glorious

∫öhratparaz   vain

∫öhratparazlyk   vanity

∫öwür   wakefulness, care

∫rift   r. type, print

∫∫i   beet soup

∫tab   r. headquarters, staff

∫tamp   r. stamp

∫tamplamak   r. to stamp

∫tat   r. state

∫tepsel   r. plug, jack

∫u   this, that

∫ugullamak   to carry or bring, inform, slander

∫ugundyr   beet

∫um   wicked, evil

∫umjarmak   to sob

∫umlukda   thus, so, well, then, now

∫umroÿ   deformed, ugly, abnormal

∫umroÿluk   ugliness, deformity

∫unça   so, so much, so many

∫uwlamak   to buzz, honk, hoot, whistle

∫uwwuldamak   to whistle

∫uwwuldy   whistle, hiss

∫übhe   doubt

∫übhelenmek   to suspect, doubt

∫übheli   doubtful, dubious

∫übhesiz   unquestionable, doubtless

∫üdügär   field, tillage

∫üle   rice porridge

∫üweleñ   merry, joyful

∫üweleñli   merrily, joyfully

∫wed   r. Swede

∫ybyrdamak   to rustle

∫ybyrdy   rustle

∫ygar   slogan

∫yglamak   to buzz, rustle, hiss, whiz

∫ygyr   verse, poem

∫ygyrdamak   to rustle

∫ygyrdy   rustle

∫ykyrdamak   to rustle

∫ykyrdy   rustle

∫ylha   rags, tatters

∫yltak etmek   to slander

∫yltak   slander

∫yññyrdamak   to ring, jingle, click

∫yññyrdy   jingle, ring, peal, chime

∫yrdak   hat (esp. for horseback riding)

∫yrkyldamak   to snap, crack, crackle

∫yrkyldy   snap, crackle, rustle

∫yrlamak   to murmur

T

taba   pan

tabak   dish, bowl, cup

tabel   r. time-sheet

tabigat   1. nature 2. personal nature

tabletka   r. tablet, pill

tablisa   table, list, schedule, scale

tab∫yrmak   1. to charge with a comission, to entrust 2. to deliver, hand in, hand over 3. to punish, order

tab∫yryk   1. message, mission, comission, instruction 2. warning, notification, prevention

tabyn   subordinate

tabynlyk   subordination

tabyt   coffin

tagalla   effort, strain, exertion

tagam   dish, taste, flavor

tagamly   tasty

tagan   vanity mirror

taga∫yk   convenience, comfort

taga∫ykly   1. convenient, comfortable 2. close

taglymat   apprenticeship, learning

tagma   brand, stigma, strain

tagmalamak   to brand, stigmatize

tagt   ripe

tagta   I. 1. board 2. plank 3. blackboard II. sheet, certificate, deed

tagtabiti   bedbug, termite

tahÿa   "tahya", Turkmen national cap

tahyl   box, case

takat   patience

takdyr   fate

takgaz   herring

takmyn   approimately, about, almost: Oba çhenli takmyn 2 kilometer ÿol ÿöremeli bolarcyn = You should reach the village in about 2 kilometers.

takmynan   almost

taksi   r. taxi

taktika   r. tactic

takyk   exact

takyklamak   to specify

takyklyk   exactness, precision

takyr   I. bald II.smooth, plain, lank

takyramak   to be empty

takyrdamak   to rumble

takyrdatmak   to rumble

takyrlyk   cracked desert area

tal   willow

talamak   to rob, plunder

talant   r. talent

talantly   r. talented

talañ   theft

talañçylyk   theft

talañçylykly   stolen

talap   1. demand 2. requirement 3. claim 4. order

talapkär   exacting, particular, fussy

talapkärlik   exactitude, particularity

talh   tart

talhan   oat flour

talon   r. coupon

tam   house

tama etmek   to hope

tama   hope

tamakin   inept person

tamam bolmak   to finish, end

tamamlamak   to finish, end

tamamlanmak   to finish, complete, accomplish

tamdyr   clay oven for baking çörek

tamdyra   dutar

tamdyraçy   dutarist

tam∫anmak   1. to bite through, take a bite 2. to lick one's lips

tanalmak   to introduce

tanamak   1. to know somebody 2. to recognize

tanap   rope, cable

tangens   r. math

tank   r. tank

tankydy   critical

tankyt   criticism, critique, review

tankytlamak   to critique

tans etmek   r. to dance

tans   r. dance

tansçy   r. dancer (prominent)

tanymal   distinquished, notable, eminent

tany∫ bolmak   to meet (lit. to become acquaintance)

tany∫   I. known, familiar II. acquaintance, known person

tany∫-bili∫   acquaintance

tany∫dyrmak   1. to introduce 2. to acquaint

tany∫lyk   acquaintance

tany∫mak   1. to meet, make acquaintance 2. to be introduced to

tañka   "tangka", a traditional Turkmen tea vessel, placed in a fire

taññyr   basin

taññyrdamak   to peal, thunder, rattle

tañrybir   united under God

tap   1. mood, spirits 2. strength, force, power, might

tapa   rest, repose, peace, calm

tapawut   difference, differentness

tapawutlandyrmak   to distinguish, differentiate

tapawutlanmak   1. to differ 2. to be noted, to stand out

tapba   suddenly, all of a sudden

tapbat   pat

tapbatlamak   to pat

tapgyr   1. group, party 2. round, tour

taplamak   1. to whet, grind, sharpen 2. to kill or slaughter

taplanmak   to be hardened, tempered

tapmaça   riddle

tapmak   1. to find, come across 2. to think out, devise 3. to find, discover 4. to determine, designate, define 5. to receive, get, obtain

tapylgysyz   irreplacable

tapylmak   to be found

tapyndy   find, discovery

tapyrdamak   to stomp

tapyrdy   stamping, tramping

tapy∫mak   to help to find something

tar   1. string 2. r. tar

tarap   1. direction 2. place, land 3. side 4. part 5. group, side

tarapdar   supporter

tarapdar   supporter

taraplaÿyn   sided : bir taraplaÿan = one-sided

tara∫   cleansing, polishing

tara∫lamak   1. to cleanse, polish, clean 2. to grind, polish

taraz   divide, watershed

tarkyldamak   to knock, rap, rattle

tarkyldatmak   to knock, rap, rattle

tarkyldy   knocking, rattling

tarlamak   to buzz, honk, hoot, whistle

tarp   virgin soil

tarpa   sudden, unexpected

tarpa-taÿyn   sudden

tarpyldatmak   to stamp, trample

tarpyldy   stamping, trampling

tarsuldamak   to knock, rap

tarsuldy   n. knock, rap

tartmak   1. to pull, draw, tow 2. to stretch, drain, pull

tarÿelka   r. plate

taryh   history

taryhçy   historian

taryhy   historical

taryp etmek   to speak highly

taryp   praise

taryplamak   to praise

tas   1. almost: Men tas ÿykyldym = I almost fell 2. nearly, missing a little

taslama   sketch, draft

taslamak   to give up

tassyklamak   to ratify

tassyklanmak   to be ratified

ta∫lamak   to throw with force

ta∫landy   thrown

tatar   Tartar

tata∫mak   to inflame, get inflamed

tawus   peacock

taÿ   I. stallion, colt II. 1. pair, couple 2. one of a pair III. direction : ∫u taÿda = here

taÿak   stick, cane, club, pole

taÿaklamak   to knock

taÿçanak   foal, colt

taÿga   slippery

taÿgançak   1. slippery 2. rink, mangle (?)

taÿhar   baby donkey

taÿlamak   to balance

taÿmak   to slide, slip

taÿpa   tribe, clan

taÿÿar   ready

taÿÿyn   ready

taÿyarlamak   1. to prepare 2. to cook 3. to compose, make up

taÿyarlyk   preparedness, preparations

taÿyarlyly   ready

taÿynalmak   to prepare, get ready

taÿzarmak   to stick out

tazy   hound

teatr   theatre

tebigy   natural : tebigy gaz = natural gas

tebip   arch. doctor

tebit   heat, fever

tegek   coil, spool

tegelek   I. 1. round, circular 2. precisely, exactly II. circle, sphere

tegelenmek   to become circular, grow in a circle

tegmil   spot, stain, blotch

tehnik   r. technician

tehnika   r. technique

tehniki   r. technical

tehnikum   r. technical shool

tejribe   experience

tejribeli   experienced

teke   I. Teke (Turkmen tribe) II. goat producer

tekepbir   haughty, arrogant

tekepbirlik   haughtiness, arrogance

tekge   support, approval

tekiz   smooth

tekizlemek   to smooth

tekizlik   smoothness

tekje   level, shelf

teklip etmek   to make an offer

teklip   offer

tekst   r. text

telbe   crazy, mad

telefon etmek   to telephone

telefon   r. phone

telegraf   r. telegraph

telegrafirlemek   r. to telegraph

telegramma   r. telegram

telek   erroneous, mistaken

teletin   skin, leather

telewideniÿe   r. adj. television

telewizion   r. television

telär   awning, shed

telim   1. a few, some, several, somewhat 2. repeated, many

telkermek   to slouch

telli-pelli   somehow (or other)

telpek   hat, Turkmen hat

telper   small little, pretty, fine

tema   r. theme, subject

tematic   r. thematic

temen   big needle

temenge   pin, saftey pin

temmäki   tobacco

temmi bermek   to punish

temmi   punishment

temperatura   r. temperature

ten   flesh

teneçir   1. dragonfly 2. earrings

tenekar   borax

tengin   heat rash

tenmek   to pour out, in

tennis   r. tennis

tentek   I. silly, stupid II. fool, simpleton

tentemek   to wander, roam

teññe   coin, currency

teorema   r. theorem

teoretiki   r. theoretic

teoriÿa   r. theory

teplisa   r. hot-house

teplohod   r. motorship

teplowoz   r. cargo ship

ter   fresh, cool, lastest, new

terapewt   r. therapist

terapewtik   r. therapeutic

terbiÿe   upbringing

terbiÿeçi   educator, tutor

terbiÿeçilik   educational, pedalogical

terbiÿelemek   to bring up, educate

terbiÿeleÿi∫   upbringing, education

terbiÿeleÿjilik   educational, pedalogical

terbiÿeli   well-bred

terezi   scales, balance

terjime   translation

terjimeçi   translator

terjimehal   biography

terlik   freshness

termin   r. term, notion

terminologiÿa   r. terminology

termometr   r. thermometer

termos   r. thermos

ternaw   gutter

terne   small mellon

ternelemek   to begin to grow

territoriÿa   r. territory

terrorizm   r. terrorism

ters   1. incorrect, false 2. uneven 3. backwards, inside-out

tersine   1. on the contrary, opposite 2. against 3. contrary to, in spite of 4. vice-versa 5. in defiance of

tersle∫ik   quarrel, altercation

tersle∫mek   to quarrel

tertibe çagyrmak   to discipline, call order

tertip   order

tertip sanlar   ordinal numbers

tertip-düzgün   order, way

tertipli   ordered, disciplined

tertipsiz   undisciplined, unruly

tes   superlative prefix

tesilli   peaceful

tesmek   to slow down

te∫ne   thirsty

te∫nelik   thirst

teÿ   I. bottom II. 1. by no means, not at all 2. quite, totally

teÿ-ahyr   at last, finally

teÿdar   mark, marking

teÿene   reproach

tez   timid, fearful

tezek   dung, droppings

tä   right up to, until : Tä ÿeñÿançäñ göre∫mek = to fight until victory

täç   1. crown 2. birthmark, mole

täjihoraz   scarlet fever

täjik   Tajik (person from Tajikistan)

täk   1. odd (in number) 2. alone

täleÿ   fate, lot

tälim   learning, instruction, apprenticeship

tämislik   cleanliness, purity

tämiz   clean, pure

tämizlemek   to cleanse, purify

tär   method, means, manner, way

täsgenmek   to suspend, linger, be delayed

täsin   wonderful, marvelous, amazing

täsir etmek   to influence

täsir galdyrmak   to impress

täsir   influence, impression

täsirli   interesting, influential, impressive

täze   1. new 2. modern 3. latest, current, cool 4. fresh 5. young

täzeçe   anew, once again

täzeden   again, anew

täzelemek   1. to renew, renovate 2. to replace, substitute

täzelenmek   1. to renew 2. to replace, substitute

täzelik   news, newness, new thing

täzelikçi   innovator

täzelikçilik   innovation

tibirdemek   to tremble, shake, shiver

tigir   1. wheel 2. spool, bobbin

tigirlemek   to roll, drive, wheel

tigirlenmek   to sweep, move, flow

tijemek   to strain, stretch, bow

tijenmek   to strain, stretch, bow

tike   piece, bit, morsel, scrap

tiken   thorn, prickle, barb

tikeneklemek   to feel, sense

tikenli   thorny, prickly, barbed

tikin   seam, joint, stitch

tikinçi   seamstress, tailor

tikinçilik   sewing

tikmek   1. to sew, embroider 2. to hem, sew onto

tikmek   to sew

tilki   fox

tilsim   secret, mystery

timar bermek   to brush, comb

timarlamak   to bring, lead, result

tiññirdemek   to click, jingle, strum

tiññirdetmek   to click, jingle, strum

tiññirdi   click, jingle

tip   r. type, style

tipik   r. typical

tipleÿin   r. typical

tipografiÿa   r. printing plant, office

tira£   1. circulation 2. drawing of a lottery

tire   I. tribe, clan II. r. dash

tirkeg   sight

tirkemek   to hook onto, latch onto

tirke∫mek   1. to go together : Olar tirkele∫ip barÿardylar = They used to go together 2. to befriend, to be on friendly terms

tirlemek   to twist, twirl, roll, whirl

tirlendirmek   to twist, twirl, roll, whirl

tirsek   1. elbow 2. knee

tisginmek   to start, shudder, shake up

titremek   1. to tremble, shiver 2. to shake, quake

titretmek   to be shaken

titretmek   to be shaken

titrewuk   tremble, shake

tiz   fast, quickly

tizle∫dirmek   to speed up, accelerate

tizlik   speed

toba   penance

togalak   sphere, spherical

togalamak   1. to roll, drive, ride 2. to wheel, roll along

togalanmak   to sweep, move, flow

toganynjy   nintieth

togaÿ   skylark (bird)

togsan   ninety

togtamak   1. to stop, pause 2. to cease

tohum   I 1. seed 2. race, breed 3. posterity, descendants II. thoroughbred

tohumçylyk   seeding

tohumlyk   seeded, seminal

tok   r. electrical connection

toka   buckle

tokar   r. lathe, turning instrument

tokaÿ   forest, wood

tokaÿçylyk   forestry

tokaÿlyk   forest, wooded place

tokga   a lump, clod

tokgalamak   to crumple

tokly   small sheep, lamb

tokmak   mallet, wooden hammer

tolgundyrmak   to agitate, excite, worry (someone)

tolguny∫yk   agitation, worry, excitement

tolkun   wave

tom   r. tome, volume

toma∫a   sight, spectacle, show

toma∫açy   spectator, on-looker

tomat   r. 1. tomato sauce 2. adj. tomato

tomazak   dung beetle

tomsma   in the summer

tomus   summer

tomusky   adj. summer

tonna   r. ton

tonnel   r. tunnel

top   I. ball II. gun, cannon III. 1. group 2. piece, bit, morsel

topalañ   rebellion, mutiny

topar   1. group 2. layer, stratum

toparlamkak   to form a group

toparlanmak   to form a group

topbak   heap, pile, a lot of

topçy   artilleryman

toplamak   to gather or collect

toplanmak   to gather, assemble, prepare

toplum   group

toprak   ground, earth, land : Ene toprak = Mother Earth

topuk   ankle

topulmak   1. to dash, rush, plunge, dart 2. to have a fit

tor   1. net 2. grid, scale 3. trap, snare

torba   bag

tormoz   r. break

torsarmak   to be offended

torsuk   badger : torsuk ÿaly = full, complete, absolute

tort   r. cake

torum   camel (specific type)

tos-toslamak   to invent, contrive, design

to∫ap   molasses

toty   parrot

tow   1. turn, rotation : tow bermek = to give a turn

tow bermek   to give a turn

towakga   request, petition

towça   apricot pit

towlamak   to turn, twist, rotate

towlanmak   to twist, turn, roll

towly   twisted

towsa götermek   to snatch away, buy up

tow∫an   rabbit

towuk   chicken

towusmak   to jump, spring, leap

toÿ   celebration, party

toÿlamak   to organize a party, have a party

toÿnak   hoof

toÿun   loam, clay

toÿunsow   loamy

toz   dust

tozamak   to dust

tozan   dust

tozanlamak   to become dusty

tozatmak   to dust

tozdurmak   to wear out (by use)

tozga   pollen

tozmak   1. to wear out 2. to be bankrupt

töhmet atmak   to slander

töhmet   slander

töhmetçi   slanderer

töhmetçilikli   slanderous

töleg   payment

tölemek   1. to pay 2. to compensate, recompense

tölemek   to pay

töññe   stump

töp   1. thickness, density, mass 2. bream

tör   head of the table for honoured guests

törpi   sander, planer

törpülemek   to grind, polish

tötänden   casual, by accident

tötänleÿin   accidental, casual, by chance

töwekgel   resolute, firm, decisive

töwekgelçilik   risk

töwekgellik   risk

töweleme   excellent

töwella   admonition: töwella etmek = to admonish

töwerek   1. environs, neighborhood 2. surroundings, vicinity 3. circumfrence 4. near, about 5. around

töwir (galdyrmak)   post-meal prayer

tragediÿa   r. tragedy

tragiki   r. tragic

traktor   r. tractor

traktorçy   r. tractor driver

tramwaÿ   r. streetcar

transport   r. transportation

trassa   r. route, line

trener   r. trainer, coach

trewoga   r. alarm, warning, alert

tribuna   r. tribune, platform

trikota£   r. hosiery

trolleÿbus   r. trolley

trotuar   r. sidewalk

truba   r. pipe, tube, chimney

trubka   r. 1. tube, pipe 2. receiver

tukat   sad, sorrowful, dreary

tukatlanmak   to grieve, long

tukatlyk   sadness, grief, melancholy

tultuk   1. soft, mild, gentle, tender 2. sleek, smooth 3. lenient, easy

tulum   wineskin

tum∫uk   muzzle, snout

tundra   r. tundra

tunir   r. tournament

tupan   storm, tempest

turist   r. tourist

turistic   touristic

turmak   1. to stand up 2. to awake

turp   radish

tur∫amak   to turn sour

tur∫y   sour

turuzmak   1. to get up, make stand 2. to waken 3. to begin, to undertake

turuzmak   to wake someone

tussag   1. prisoner 2. arrested person, detainee

tussag etmek   to arrest, take prisoner

tussag   prisoner

tut   mulberry

tutanÿerli   persevering, persistent, obstinate

tutanÿerlik   persistence, obstinance

tutaryk   argument

tuta∫dyrmak   to heat, rouse, unleash, set loose

tuta∫dyryjy   incendiary

tutawaç   1. handle 2. railing, banister

tutgaÿ   epilepsy

tutma    grip

tutmak   1. to hold, support, keep 2. to catch 3. to hire out, employ 4. to fill, crowd, imbue 5. to stretch, draw in, pull in

tutnak   assault, onslaught, onset

tutuk   1. dully, gloomy 2. gloomy, sullen, cloudy 3. hoarse, husky

tutu∫   entirely, wholly

tutu∫lagyna   totally, entirely

tutu∫laÿyn   totally, entirely

tuty   1. partition 2. curtain

tuwaly   r. from Tuva

tükel   all, the whole, full, everything

tükeniksiz   incessantly

tükenmek   to be finished

tüketmek   to finish, to cease

tüm   darkness, obscurity

tümlük   darkness, obscurity

tümmek   I. hillock II. full, complete, absolute, perfect

tümmeklemek   to fill, crowd, imbue

tünt   blunt, obtuse, stupid

tüñçe   pitcher (iron)

tüññün   can

tüpeñ   rifle

tüpeñlemek   to shoot, fire (a rifle)

türgen   1. skillful, skilled 2. trained

türgenle∫ik   training

türgenle∫mek   1. to train 2. to master

türk   Turk

türkana   simple, humble

türki   Turkish

türkmen   Turkmen

türkmençilik   "Turkmeness"

türme   prison

türmä basmak   to imprison

türmä basmak   to imprison

tüsse   smoke

tüsselemek   to smoke (give off smoke)

tütemek   to smoke, steam

tüw   1. rice 2. palow (pilaf)

tüwe   heifer

tüweleme   1. well done 2. exclam. "Great!" "Fantastic!" "Stupendous!"

tüweleÿ   gust

tüÿ   hair

tüÿdük   "tuyduk", a native Turkmen flute-like instrument

tüÿdükçi   person who performs on the tüÿdük

tüÿdülmek   to wear out

tüÿjermek   to be hairy

tüÿkülik   saliva, spittle

tüÿküliklemek   to salivate

tüÿkürrmek   to spit

tüÿlek   hairy

tüÿs   1. genuine, real 2. just like 3. sincere, frank, cordial 4. definite, fixed, certain, positive

tüÿsli   as such, like : her tüÿsli = all kinds

tüÿt-müÿt etmek   to lacerate, tear to pieces

tüÿtmek   1. to comb one's hair 2. to wear out (by use)

tÿul   r. tulle

tyg   1. blade, edge : Tyg ÿarasy biter, söz ÿarasy bitmez = A blade wound will get bigger, a verbal wound, never

tyg∫yt   economy, saving

tyg∫ytlamak   to save, economize

tyg∫ytlamak   to spare

tyg∫ytly   economical

tyg∫ytlylyk   economy

tykyramak   to waver

tykyrdamak   1. to rumble 2. to knock, rap, rattle

tykyrdatmak   to knock, rap, rattle, clatter

tyl   rear, base

tylla   gold, golden

typançan   I. slippery II. rink, mangle

typmak   to slide, glide, slip

tyrkyldamak   to knock, rap, throb, rattle

tyrkyldatmak   to knock, rap, throb, rattle

tyrkyldy   knock, rattle, clatter, noise

tyrpma   to slide down, slip off

U

uç   finish, end

uçar   airplane

uçastok   r. district, region

uçdantutma   successively, one after the other

uçgun   sparkle, spangle

uçgur   shoe lace

uçili∫∫e   r. school

uçmak   1. to fly 2. to stagger 3. to disappear, vanish

uçramak   1. to come across, meet, receive, welcome 2. to undergo, be exposed to

uçurmak   to rock, swing, shake

uçursyz   very

uçu∫   flight

uçÿot   r. inventory

uçÿotçik   r. bookkeeper

udel   r. specific

uglerod   r. carbon

ugramak   1. to set off, embark 2. to direct, refer, send

ugratmak   1. to see off 2. to set off for 3. to embark upon

ugrukdyrmak   to put right, in order, to set straight

ugur   1. direction 2. trend 3. list

ugurda∫   1. parallel 2. fair, favorable

ugurla∫mak   to agree upon, arrange

ugurly   good

ugursyz   bad

ujypsyz   insignificant, tiny

ukaz   r. decree, edict

uklamak   to sleep, fall asleep

ukol   r. injection

ukrain   r. Ukranian

ukuçyl   sleepyhead

uky   sleep, dream

ukyp   1. capability, talent, ability

ukyply   1. capable, able 2. talented, gifted

ukyplylyk   ability

ulag   transport

ulalmak   1. to magnify, enlarge 2. to grow, increase

ulaltmak   1. to increase, make larger 2. to grow, rear 3. to raise, promote 4. to swell up, puff up, exaggerate

ulanmak   to use, utilize

ulgam   ridge, geol. range

ullakan   1. big, heavy 2. grownup

ululyk   size, quantity

ulumsy   snobby

ulumsylyk   snobbiness

ulumsyramak   to put on airs

uly   1. big in size, weighty 2. much, big in number 3. old 4. significant, important 5. long in duration

uly-kiçi   young and old alike

ummasyz   without end

umuman   generally

umumy   common

umumyhalk   nationwide

umumyla∫dyrmak   to sum up

umumylyk   commoness, community

umyt etmek   to hope

umyt   hope

un   flour

unamak   to find, come across

una∫   noodle soup

uniwermag   r. department store

uniwersal   r. universal

uniwersitÿet   r. university

unutmak   to forget

uprawleniÿaÿu∫∫i¨   r. manager

uprawleniÿe   r. management

ur-tut   at once

urgy   blow, shock

urkaçy   female

urmak   to strike

urnamak   to combine

urp-adat   custom, habit

ur∫ujy   fighter

urug   genus, race

urunmak   1. to fight, beat 2. to toss, jerk

uru∫   1. war 2. scuffle, fight

uru∫mak   1. to struggle, fight 2. to wage war

ussa   master, craftsman

ussaçylyk   mastery

ussahana   studio, workshop

ussat   craftsman, master

ussatlyk   know-how, mastery

ustaw   r. statute, resolution, charter

usul   1. manner, way 2. method

usully   careful

u∫ak   small, little, fine

u∫amak   to become smaller

u∫atmak   1. to make smaller, shallower 2. to exchange, barter

utanç   shame

utançsyz   shameless

utandyrmak   to embarass, to shame

utanjañ   shy, bashful

utanjañlyk   shyness

utanmak   to be shy, ashamed of

utdurmak   to lose

utga∫dyrmak   to combine

utga∫mak   to unite

utga∫yk   united

utmak   to win

utuk   point, spot

utulmak   to lose (a game)

utu∫   winnings, profit

uwlamak   to howl

uwlundyrmak   to cause pain

uÿa   sister

uÿalmak   to be shamed

uÿamak   to go sour

uÿan   bridle

uÿanlamak   to bridle

uÿat   shame

uÿgunla∫dyrmak   to adapt

uÿgunla∫mak   to get used to

uÿgur   Uighur (nationality)

uÿluk   pail

uzak   1. far, distant 2. long, for a long time 3. whole, intact

uzakla∫dyrmak   1. to postpone, put off 2. to draw out, drag out

uzakla∫mak   to become distant, move away from

uzaklyk   1. length 2. distance 3. longitude

uzalmak   to be lengthened

uzaltmak   1. to lengthen 2. to prolong

uzanmak   to lie down, to go to bed

uzatmak   to stretch out, extend

uzel   r. junction, center

uzyn   1. long 2. tall 3. protracted 4. sustained

uzynlyk   1. length 2. longitude 3. extent

Ü

übtük   down, fluff

üç   three

üçburçluk   triangle

üçin   for, intended for

üçlük   three

üçünji   third

üflemek   to blow, gust

ülemek   to divide, share

ülje   cherry

ülke   1. region, land, country 2. fringe, edge, outskirt

ülñi   pattern

ülpüldemek   to shine, glitter, flash

ülü∫   1. lot, fate 2. part, share, piece

ümez   fog

ümezlemek   to grow foggy, dim

ündemek   to put, place, set

ünjalmak   to calm down, subside, become quiet

ünji   unrest, trouble, anxiety

üns   attention

üns bermek   to pay attention

üpjün   1. in full supply 2. provided for, well-to-do

üpjünçilik   security

üpjünetmek   to supply, provide

üpjünlik   prosperity

ürçetmek   to fall into the habit of

ürgün   dry

ürkek   timid, fearful

ürkmek   to be frightened, be scared of

ürküzmek   to frighten, scare

üsgülewuk   cough

üsgülewukli   suffering from a cough

üsgürlewük   cough

üsgürmek   to cough

üst   surface, top, upper part

üst-ba∫   clothing

üsta∫yr   over, about, at, with

üste   to boot, in addition

üstesine   to boot, in addition

üsti bilen   via, by way of

üstün çykmak   to win, conquer, vanquish

üstünlik   success, achievement

üstünlikli   accomplished

ü∫emek   to be cold, catch cold

ü∫erilmek   to be on the alert, to be on one's guard

ü∫ertmek   to prick up (one's ears)

ü∫etmek   to be cold

ü∫ük   sharpness, quick wittedness

ü∫ütmek   to feel chilly

ütmek   to tear, pull out

ütük   r. iron (for clothing)

ütüklemek   r. to iron

üwemek   to grind

üwremek   to rock

üÿn   sound, tone, tune

üÿ∫enmek   to fear, be afraid of

üÿ∫meleñ   1. crowd, mob, throng 2. party, gathering

üÿ∫ürmek   to gather, collect

üÿtgediji   1. to change (by itself) 2. to spoil

üÿtge∫ik   1. different 2. particular, peculiar, special

üÿtge∫iklik   1. difference 2. modification, alteration

üÿtgetmek   to change, alter, modify

üzeññi   stirrup

üzmek   1. to tear off, pluck 2. to extinguish, put out 3. to interrupt

üznüksiz   uninterrupted

üzñe   enraged, furious

üzñelik   rage, fury

üzül-kesil   resolute, firm, decisive

üzülmek   1. to tear off, pluck 2. to settle accounts with, get even with 3. to break off

üzüm   grape

üzümçilik   grape production

W

wada   promise

wadala∫mak   to make a pact, negotiate

wadala∫yk   treaty, settlement

wagon   r. wagon

wag∫y   predatory

wag∫ylarça   brutal, bestial

wagt   time

wagtal-wagtal   from time to time

wagtlaÿyn   temporary

wagtly-wagtynda   at the right time

wagtynda   at the right time

wagyr   noise

wagyrdamak   to make noise

wagyz etmek   to preach

wagyz-nesihat   1. directions, instructions 2. sermon

wah   oh! gosh!

waharman   a kind of melon

wajyp   important

waka   event, situation

wakgyldamak   to cluck (like a chicken)

waktsina   r. vaccine

wakyrdamak   to belly-laugh

Waleÿkimessalam   "And God's peace be with you!" (formal reply to Salamaleÿkim)

waleÿkimessalam   response to formal greetng

walla   honestly

walÿuta   r. currency

wanna   r. bath

wañkyrmak   to wail

warak   no-good, worthless

wariant   r. variant

warkyldamak   to croak

warsaky   chatter, gossip

wasp   description

watan   country

watançy   patriot

waÿ   oh! oh boy! : Waÿ waÿ waÿ != Oh my goodness!

waÿkyrmak   to cry out

wazypdamak   to buzz

wazzyldy   buzz, drone

we   and

wehim   terror

wejera   shameful

wekil   representative

weli   but, but also

welosiped   r. bicycle

welwet   r. velvet

welÿur   r. velour

wengr   r. Hungary

wepa   truth

wepaly   true, honest

wepalylyk   allegiance

wepat bolan   deceased

wepat bolmak   to die

wepat   dead, finished

werdi∫   adaptation: agyr i∫e werdi∫ boldim = I've adapted to this difficult work

wertikal   r. vertical

wertolÿot   r. helicopter

wesÿet   law

wesÿetnama   will (document)

we∫alka   r. peg, rack

we∫eñ-we∫eñ   very much

weteran   r. veteran

weterinariÿa   r. veterinary

weÿrançylykly   ruined, demolished

wezipe   1. task 2. position, appointment, rank

wä   eek! (expresses surprise)

wägirmek   to scream from fright

wäk   ouch!

wä∫i   joker, jokingly

wä∫ilik   lightheartedness

wiktorina   r. quiz

wilka   r. fork

witamin   r. vitamin

witrina   r. shop window

wiÿ   oh!

wizit   r. visit, call

wodolaz   r. diver

wodoprowod   r. water pipe

wodorod   r. hydrogen

wojatyÿ   r. guide

wokzal   r. station (railway)

woleÿbol   r. volleyball

wraç   r. doctor

wulkan   r. volcano

wyjdan   conscience

wyklÿuçatel   r. switch

wympel   r. pennant

wypiska   r. copying, excerpting

wy∫ka   r. turret, tower

wy∫y-wy∫y   whisper   

wy∫yrdamak   to whisper, gossip

wznos   r. payment, fee

wzwod   r. platoon

Ÿ

ÿa   1. or 2. "well, now"

ÿabany   1. wild 2. out of control

ÿab∫yrmak   to sew into

ÿaby   horse

ÿada   or

ÿadamak   to tire, grow weary

ÿadatmak   to tire out

ÿadaw   tired

ÿadawlyk   fatigue

ÿadawsyz   tireless, energetic

ÿadro   r. nuclear

ÿadygär   recollection, memory

ÿadygärlik   1. monument 2. souvenir

ÿadyrgamak   to shun, avoid

ÿag   oil (for cooking), grease

ÿagdaÿ   1. situation, condition 2. scenery 3. atmosphere

ÿagdaÿla∫mak   to operate, function

ÿaglamak   to grease, oil

ÿagly   1. oily 2. bun

ÿaglyk   scarf

ÿagmak   to precipitate

ÿagmyr   rain, precipitation

ÿagny   "that is to say..."

ÿag∫y   good

ÿag∫ylandyrmak   to improve

ÿag∫ylanmak   to be improved, grow more beautiful

ÿag∫yla∫mak   to be improved, grow more beautiful

ÿag∫ylyk   benefit

ÿagty   well lit

ÿagtygözin   by daylight

ÿagtylgyç   star

ÿagtylmak   1. to dawn 2. to brighten

ÿagtyltmak   1. to ellucidate 2. to illuminate

ÿagtylyk   1. light 2. joy, gladness, pleasure

ÿagy   enemy

ÿagyn   precipitation

ÿagynly   rainy

ÿagyrniçlik   lining, support

ÿagyrny   back, spine

ÿagy∫   rain

ÿagy∫ly   rainy

ÿakymly   nice, pleasant

ÿakymsyz   mean

ÿakyn   near

ÿakynda   the other day

ÿalan   false

ÿalanaç   naked

ÿalançy   liar

ÿalandan   false

ÿalkamak   to pardon or spare : tañry ÿalkasyn = thank you

ÿalñy∫   mistake

ÿalñy∫dyrmak   to confuse, muddle, mix up

ÿalñy∫mak   to be mistaken

ÿalpa   momentary, instantaneous

ÿalpak   1. shallow 2. small, petty

ÿalpylda duran   shiny, brilliant

ÿalpyldawuk   brilliant, sparkling, shining

ÿalpyldy   lustre, shine, brilliance

ÿalta   still, idle, lazy

ÿaltaklamak   to examine, take a view of

ÿaltalyk   stillness, idleness, laziness

ÿaltanmak   to be idle, lazy, to tire

ÿaly   like

ÿaly-la   seems

ÿalym-ÿulumetmek   to ingratiate

ÿalyn   flame

ÿama   patch

ÿamamak   1. to mend, repair 2. to sharpen

ÿaman   1. bad 2. very

ÿamanlamak   1. to slander 2. to talk, say

ÿamanlyk   harm, damage, detriment

ÿama∫gan   anew, once again

ÿama∫gandan   anew, once again

ÿanamak   1. lean 2. to press 3. to oppress

ÿanawuç   handful

ÿañ   echo

ÿañak    cheek

ÿañy ÿakynda   recently

ÿañyja   just now

ÿañyltmaç   tongue-twister

ÿap   ditch

ÿapba∫ak   slope, pitch

ÿapba∫dyrmak   to flatten

ÿapba∫mak   to flatten

ÿapgy   cover

ÿapgyt   slope, incline

ÿaplamak   to lean

ÿaplanmak   to lean against

ÿapmak   1. to close 2. to cover 3. to bake 4. to enclose, affix 5. to finish, to end

ÿapon   Japanese

ÿaponiÿa   Japan

ÿaprak   leaf

ÿapraklamak   to be leafy, grow leaves

ÿapy   I. slope II. lid, cover

ÿapyk   1. closed 2. covered, enclosed

ÿapynja   cape, cloak

ÿapy∫dyrmak   to stick (something into something else)

ÿapy∫mak   1. to stick to, hold fast to 2. to be pasted to

ÿar   beloved

ÿara   wound

ÿarag   weapon

ÿaraglandyrmak   to arm someone

ÿaraglanmak   to take up arms, arm oneself

ÿaragly   armed

ÿaragsyzlandyrmak   to disarm

ÿaragsyzlanmak   to lay down arms

ÿaralamak   to wound

ÿaraly   1. wounded 2. adj. wound

ÿaramak   to like

ÿaramaz   bad, useless

ÿaramazla∫mak   to deteriorate, worsen

ÿaramly   1. suitable, good, fit 2. useful, helpful

ÿaran   adherent, supporter, partisan

ÿaranjañ   toady, lickspittle, sycophant

ÿaranjañlyk   sycophancy

ÿaranlyk   friendship

ÿaranmak   to please

ÿara∫dyrmak   to reconcile (others to others)

ÿara∫mak   to make up (become friends)

ÿara∫yk   peace, reconciliation

ÿaratmak   to use, employ

ÿarawsyzlyk   painfulness, morbidity, sickness

ÿardam   aid, help

ÿardam etmek   to help

ÿarma   grits, groats

ÿarmak   1. to cut up 2. to blow up, explode

ÿarma∫mak   to climb

ÿarpy   half

ÿarsmak   1. to be warped 2. to be offended, disgusted

ÿartmaç   cut, section, angle

ÿarty   half

ÿary gije   midnight

ÿary   half

ÿaryk   fissure, crack, crevice

ÿarylma   explosion

ÿarylmak   1. to crack, split 2. to explode

ÿarym   half

ÿarymada   peninsula

ÿary∫   race, competition

ÿary∫mak   to race, compete

ÿasama   artificial, false, imitation

ÿasamak   to craft, make

ÿasaÿjy   master, craftsman

ÿasli   r. 1. day care center 2. crib, manger

ÿassanmak   to lean on one's elbows

ÿassyk   pillow

ÿasy   flat

ÿasylamak   to flatten

ÿa∫   1. age 2. young 3. teardrop

ÿa∫amak   to live

ÿa∫armak   to water

ÿa∫aÿy∫   life, living

ÿa∫da∫   person of the same age

ÿa∫lyk   youth

ÿa∫mak   "yashmak", traditional bridal mouth covering

ÿa∫∫ik   r. case, chest, box

ÿa∫uly   elder

ÿa∫yl   green

ÿa∫yrmak   to conceal, hide

ÿa∫yryn   secret, stealthy, vague

ÿat   I. mind II. 1. alien, foreign

ÿata   stagnant

ÿatak   1. bread 2. stall for animals

ÿatakhana   hostel, home

ÿatalatmak   to remind

ÿatdan çykarmak   to forget

ÿatlamak   to remember

ÿatmak   to lie down, sleep

ÿatymlaÿyn   1. overnight 2. daily, a day's

ÿatyrlma   abolition

ÿatyrmak   to abolish

ÿaz   spring

ÿazdyrmak   1. to unbutton, unfasten 2. to lower, launch, set loose, slacken

ÿazgarmak   to accuse of, charge with

ÿazgy   1. entry, registration, record 2. note, sign, inscription

ÿazgyt   fate

ÿazlamak   to lead, guide, conduct

ÿazlyk   adj. summer, spring

ÿazmaça   cursive, handwriting

ÿazmak   I. to lay down; write II. to become loose, unfastened III. 1. to spread 2. to smooth, iron, press

ÿazuw   writing

ÿazyjy   writer

ÿazyk   sin

ÿazykly   guilty

ÿazyksyz   innocent

ÿazyksyzlyk   innocence

ÿazylmak   to subscribe

ÿazylysyk   subscription

ÿedi   seven

ÿedigen   : Uli ÿedigen = Big Dipper : Kiçi ÿedigen = Little Dipper

ÿedilik   a "seven" (i.e. used for a bus number)

ÿedinji   seventh

ÿefreÿtor   mil. lance-corporal

ÿegen   1. nephew 2. niece

ÿegençi   niece

ÿegsan etmek   to destroy; obliterate

ÿeg∫ermek   to bend; flex

ÿek-tük   rarely

ÿeke   1. alone 2. lone; only

ÿeke-çäk   alone

ÿeke-täk   one and only

ÿeke-ÿeke   one by one

ÿekebara   personal

ÿekedaban   sledgehammer

ÿekelemek   to thin out

ÿekeleÿin   by the piece

ÿekelik   1. one (the number) 2. oneness

ÿekemen   unsociable; solitary

ÿekesiremek   to feel the same

ÿek∫enbe   Sunday

ÿel   wind

ÿele   leeward; out of the wind

ÿelejiretmek   to air out

ÿelejiräp gelmek   to stroll in the open air

ÿelejirmek   to be aired out

ÿelek   feather

ÿelekli   feathered

ÿelgin   gust of wind

ÿelgine   1. carried by the wind 2. fig. in the throes (of something)

ÿelim   glue

ÿelimlemek   1. to glue 2. to seal

ÿelin gozgamak   to lactate

ÿelken   n. sail

ÿelkenli   adj. sail, sailing: ÿelkenli gaÿyk = a sail boat

ÿellenmek   1. to be bloated; troubled with gas 2. to be swollen

ÿelli   windy

ÿelmemek   to glue; attach with glue; seal with glue

ÿelme∫mek   to be glued; attached with glue

ÿelpemek   to fan

ÿelpewaç   n. fan (for fanning)

ÿemlemek   to stick

ÿem∫ermek   to be dented; pressed in

ÿem∫ertmek   to dent; press in

ÿem∫ik   1. dented 2. flattened

ÿençmek   to beat up; beat on

ÿene   1. again; once more 2. and even more; and furthermore : hiç zat bileñok, ÿene öwnen bolÿarsyñ = You know nothing and you even brag about it

ÿeñ   sleeve

ÿeñçe   1. the back of the head 2. the back end, rear part (of something) 3. used as a preposition: yeñsesine geçmek = to move back

ÿeñiji   victor; winner

ÿeñil   1. light 2. simple 3. fig. easy 4. fig. weak

ÿeñilkelle   lightwited; airheaded

ÿeñilkellelik   stupidity; vapidity

ÿeñille∫dirmek   to simplify; easy

ÿeñillik   privilege; ease

ÿeñilmek   to lose (a game or contest)

ÿeñilmez   invincible

ÿeñi∫   victory

ÿeñlemek   to become easier; lighter

ÿeñlenmek   to shake hands

ÿeñle∫mek   to become easier; lighter

ÿeñletmek   to lighten

ÿeñlik   a cushion-like mitt used when baking Traditional Turkmen bread in a clay oven

ÿeñmek   to defeat; conquer; be victorious

ÿeññe   

ÿepbe∫dirmek   to stuff; make bulging

ÿepbe∫ik   flabby; overstuffed

ÿer   1. place 2. land 3. earth, ground 4. Earth 5. place, position, duty 6. sleeping area

ÿer ∫ary   globe

ÿer titremesi   earthquake

ÿerasty   underground

ÿerde∫ikli   comfortably

ÿeri   well; so : Ÿeri näme aÿtmakçy? = Well, what would you like to say?

ÿerine   in place of

ÿerine ÿetirmek   to complete

ÿerlemek   to be settled, to make a place home

ÿerle∫dirmek   1. to lay, place 2. to accomodate, lodge, place

ÿerle∫mek   1. to be situated, located 2. to enter into, be placed in 3. to be staying (at)

ÿerle∫mek   to be situated, to get situated

ÿerli   local

ÿerlikli   appropriate, apropos

ÿerliksiz   inappropriate

ÿerzemin   basement

ÿeser gözler   shifty eyed

ÿesir   captive, prisoner

ÿesirlik   captivity

ÿeterlik   enough

ÿetginjek   juvenille, adolescent

ÿetginjeklik   adolescence

ÿetim   orphan

ÿeti∫ik   progress

ÿeti∫ikli   successful, efficient

ÿeti∫iksiz   inefficient, unsuccessful

ÿeti∫mek   I. to be on time, to make (a train, plane) II. 1. to ripen, mature 2. to reach a marriagable age

ÿetmek   to suffice

ÿetmezçilik   insufficient, unsuitable

ÿetmi∫   seventy

ÿet∫enlik   maturity

ÿgjarmak   to shine

ÿigdelmek   to grow or look younger

ÿigit   fellow

ÿigitlik   youth, adolescence

ÿigrenç   hatred

ÿigrenji   repugnant, hateful, disgusting

ÿigrenmek   to hate, despise

ÿigrimi   twenty

ÿigriminji   twentieth

ÿilik   bone marrow

ÿiteltmek   to sharpen

ÿitgi   loss, waste

ÿiti   1. sharp 2. poignant, penetrating 3. quick-witted 4. slim, slender 5. caustic, venomous

ÿitigsi   dim, dull, dead

ÿitile∫mek   to become aggravated, strained

ÿitirim bolmak   to vanish, be lost, go missing

ÿitirmek   1. to lose, give up 2. to spend, waste

ÿitmek   1. to go missing 2. to vanish, disappear

ÿoda   tropic, tropical

ÿogsa   or else, otherwise

ÿogsa-da   by the way

ÿogyn   wide, thick

ÿok   no, not present

ÿokanç   infectious

ÿokançly   infectious

ÿokarky   top, upper

ÿokarlanmak   to raise, bring up

ÿokarlygyna   1. above, over the top 2. to the east

ÿokarsyna   above

ÿokary   1. above, on top 2. tall 3. high, high up 4. senior

ÿokary çykmak   to climb

ÿoklamak   to put

ÿokluk   1. absence 2. poverty

ÿokmak   1. to come off 2. to get better (of a patient recovering from an illness) 3. fig. to be healthy (of food)

ÿoknasyz   incessant

ÿokumly   helpful

ÿokundy   plank, layer

ÿoku∫ degmek   to be unpleasant (of words or actions)

ÿoku∫ görmek   to be offended

ÿoku∫ söz aÿtmak   to say unpleasant words

ÿoku∫mak   1. to come off 2. to get better (of a patient recovering from an illness) 3. fig. to be healthy (of food)

ÿol   1. road, path, way 2. course, system 3. means, method 4. purpose

ÿola   time, repetition

ÿolagçy   passenger

ÿolbars   lion

ÿolba∫çy   leader

ÿolba∫çylyk   leadership

ÿolda∫   friend, companion, ally, partner

ÿolgalmak   to be finished, used up

ÿolka   r. evergreen tree

ÿollamak   to send

ÿolmak   1. to pluck, strip off 2. to cut off

ÿolmalamak   to pluck out

ÿolukmak   to meet someone

ÿolunmak   to be broken, to cut off

ÿomak   pun

ÿonmak   to shave, plane off

ÿonu∫ga   shaving, filing

ÿoñ   cold, chill, fever

ÿoñlamak   to catch a cold

ÿorelmek   to creep, crawl

ÿorgan   quilt

ÿorgan-dü∫ek   bedding

ÿorka   film, coating

ÿorkaryk   above

ÿorunja   clover

ÿowar   community aid, assistance

ÿowuz   hard

ÿoÿmak   to distort, misconstrue

ÿöne   I. 1. gratis, free, for nothing 2. just, only, simply so II. but, however

ÿönekeÿ   1. simple, easy 2. plain, humble

ÿönekme   subject (of a sentence)

ÿöneli∫   turn

ÿönelmek   to head for, turn for

ÿöñkeme   face, countenance

ÿöñkemek   to denegrate, slander

ÿörelge   1. path 2. tradition

ÿöremek   1. to walk, go 2. to advance, move forward

ÿöretmek   1. to establish 2. to conduct, guide

ÿörgünli   1. popular 2. marketable, saleable

ÿöri∫   1. gait 2. pace, speed

ÿörite   special

ÿörite   special

ÿöriteles∫dirmek   to specialize in

ÿörmek   modal verb (see appendix for usage examples)

ÿörü∫   march, campaign

ÿubileÿ   r. jubilee

ÿubka   r. skirt

ÿuka   1. thin, slender, delicate 2. tender, sentimental

ÿuka ÿürek   good-natured, tender-hearted

ÿukalmak   to refine

ÿukalyk   thinness

ÿumak   skein, claw, tangle

ÿummak   to close

ÿumralmak   to round off

ÿumruk   fist

ÿumruklamak   to make a fist

ÿumrukla∫mak   to fist-fight

ÿumrulmak   to destroy, demolish

ÿum∫ak   1. soft 2. loose, crumbly 3. gentle, meek

ÿum∫aklyk   1. softness, gentleness 2. looseness

ÿum∫amak   1. to soften 2. to loosen

ÿumurmak   to destroy, demolish

ÿumurtga   egg

ÿumurtgalamak   to lay eggs

ÿumu∫   duty, errand

ÿurt   land, nation

ÿuwan   liquid, watery, sparse, weak

ÿuwa∫   1. quiet 2. slowly

ÿuwa∫amak   1. to cram in, stuff 2. to reduce

ÿuwa∫atmak   to diminish, reduce

ÿuwa∫lyk   humility, meekness

ÿuwdum   a swallow

ÿuwdunmak   to swallow

ÿuwgurmak   to knead

ÿuwmak   to wash

ÿuwmarlamak   to smooth out

ÿuwundy   slops, garbage, dust

ÿuwundyrmak   to wash

ÿuwunmak   to wash oneself

ÿuwutmak   to swallow

ÿük   1. load, freight, cargo 2. duty, service

ÿükçi   loader

ÿüklemek   1. to load up 2. to entrust with

ÿükli   loaded

ÿüksüz   empty

ÿüñ   wool

ÿüp   string, yarn

ÿüpek   silk

ÿüpekçi   one who works with silk

ÿüpekçilik   silk production

ÿüplük   adj. cotton yarn

ÿürege dü∫mek   to annoy, bother

ÿüregine düwmek   to decide (set your heart)

ÿürek   1. heart 2. soul, mind, disposition

ÿürek gysmak   to miss

ÿürek    heart

ÿürekde∫   affectionate, intimate

ÿürekde∫lik   intimacy

ÿürekli   bold, courageous

ÿüreklilik   courage, boldness

ÿürkese edinmek   to bite, have a snack

ÿüwrük   deft, nimble, quick

ÿüwse   thimble

ÿüwürji   brother-in-law

ÿüwürmek   to be victorious over, to vanquish

ÿüz   I. 1. face 2. surface 3. side 4. edge II. one hundred

ÿüz tutmak   to turn to, to appeal to, to apply for

ÿüze çykmak   to arise

ÿüzin   prone

ÿüzlenme   conversion, transformation

ÿüzlenmek   1. to turn to, address 2. to direct, refer, send, assign

ÿüzleÿ   1. small, petty 2. superficial

ÿüzlük   one hundred

ÿüzmek   to swim

ÿüzügaralyk   shame, disgrace

ÿüzüji   swimmer

ÿüzük   ring

ÿüzünji   one hundredth

ÿygjam   dense

ÿygjamlatmak   to speed up, make more frequent

ÿygmak   to pick, gather

ÿygnak   gathering

ÿygnamak   1. to gather, collect 2. to concentrate, store up 3. to pile up, pack up, clean up, tidy up

ÿygnanmak   1. to be collected 2. to amass

ÿygnany∫yk   1. collection, gathering, harvest 2. party, gathering

ÿygna∫dyrmak   to tidy up

ÿygra   shy, timid

ÿygralyk   shyness, timidity

ÿygrenç   hateful

ÿygrenmek   to hate

ÿygrykmak   to become embarassed, perplexed

ÿygrylmak   1. to shrink, be shy 2. to waver

ÿyg∫yrmak   to hide, conceal

ÿygy   thick, dense, deep

ÿygy-ÿygydan   often

ÿygyjy   I. 1. typesetter, compositor 2. collector II. harvesting, harvest

ÿygym   collection, gathering

ÿygymçy   collector

ÿygyndy   I. collector II. selection

ÿygyrmak   1. to crumple, twist, wrinkle 2. to draw in

ÿygyrt   wrinkled

ÿykgynçylyk   sabotage, diversion

ÿykmak   to destroy, demolish, knock down, overthrow

ÿykylmak   1. to fall 2. to die 3. to be ruined, wrecked

ÿykyrdamak   to chuckle

ÿyl   year

ÿylamak   to warm up, heat up

ÿylan   snake

ÿylatmak   to warm, heat

ÿyldan   frisky

ÿyldan-ÿyla   from year to year

ÿyldanlyk   friskiness

ÿyldyramak   to sparkle, glitter, flash

ÿyldyrawuk   sparkly, glittery

ÿyldyrym çakmak   lightning to strike

ÿyldyrym   lightning

ÿyldyz   star

ÿylgyrmak   to smile

ÿylgyrys   smile

ÿyllyk   1. annual 2. anniversary

ÿylmamak   to cut, hew

ÿylmanak   smooth

ÿylpyldamak   to twinkle

ÿylpyldy   1. light 2. blaze, flash

ÿylsaÿyn   year by year

ÿyly   pleasant, warm

ÿylylyk   1. warmth 2. temperature

ÿylynmak   to warm up, heat

ÿylyñ-ÿylyna   from year to year

ÿyr∫armak   to grin, smile

ÿyrtmak   to tear off, break off

ÿyrtyjy   1. beast 2. predator 3. bird of prey

ÿyrtyk   1. torn, broken, ripped 2. slit, torn

ÿyrtylmak   to tear, be torn

Y

ybadathana   1. council, diet 2. cathedral

ybarat bolmak   to consist

ybarat   comprised of

ydysatçy   economist

ygal   rain, precipitation

ygally   rainy

yglan etme   announcement

yglanetmek   to declare

yg∫yldamak   to rustle

yg∫yldy   rustle

ygtyÿar   permission, license

ygtyÿarly   entitled

ygtyÿarsyz   1. without permission 2. against one's will

yhlas   zeal

yhlasly   zealous, eager

yk   leeward

ykbal   fate

ykdysady   economy

ykdysadyÿet   economics

ykjam   strong, hearty, firm, robust, solid

ykjamak   1. to sway, swing, flicker 2. to shake, rattle, rock

ykjamlamak   to gather, collect

yklamak   to take shelter

ykmak   to linger, loaf around

ykmanda   tramp, vagabond

ykrar etmek   to recognize

ykyrdamak   to crunch, gnash, creak

ykyrdy   creak, scratch

ylala∫dyrmak   to reconcile

ylala∫mak   to agree, make up, be reconciled

ylala∫yksyz   disagreeable

ylaly∫yk   harmony, agreement

ylaÿta   particularly

ylgamak   to run

ylgamak   to run

ylgaw   run, running, escape

ylham   inspiration

ylmy   scientific

ylym   science, knowledge

ylymly   educated

ymam   pilgrim (one who has made the trip to Mecca)

ymarat   building

ymgyr   boundless, unlimited

ymtylmak   1. to desire, long for 2. to aspire, strive to

ymykly   1. serious 2. final, definitive

ynam   belief

ynamly   1. reliable, dependable, sure 2. firm, steady, confident 3. trustworthy

ynanç   belief

ynandyrmak   to convince

ynandyryjy   convincing, urgent

ynanjañ   trusting, confidential

ynanmak   to believe, to trust

ynjalyk   rest, repose, peace, calm

ynjalykly   comfortable

ynjalyksyzlandyrmak   to alarm, disquiet

ynjalyksyzlanmak   to be anxious, to worry

ynjalyksyzlyk   unrest

ynjamak   to be afflicted, distressed

ynjatmak   to grieve

ynjyk   1. capricious, whimsical 2. tender, fond, delicate, soft, sentimental

yns-jyns   nothing, no one

ynsan   human

ynsanyÿet   humanity

ynsap   1. conscience 2. justice, truth

ynsaply   1. conscientious 2. just, fair, true, right

ynsapsyz   1. unconscious 2. unjust, unfair, untrue

ynsapsyzlyk   1. unconsciousness 2. unfairness

yññyldamak   to whine,. snivel

yññyldy   whine

yralamak   to swing, rock

yramak   to swing, rock

yranmak   to swing, rock

yrañ atmak   to swing, rock

yrga   rolling, pitching

yrgyldamak   to vibrate, move

yrgyldatmak   to vibrate, oscillate

yrgyldy   oscillation, vibration

yrmak   to bend, incline

yrsaramak   to find fault with

yrÿa   loss, waste

ys   odor, smell, aroma

ysgamak   to smell

ysgyn   strength, power, force, might

ysgynsyzlanmak   to tire, lose energy

ysgynsyzlyk   feebleness, weakness

yslanan   rotten

ysly   aromatic

ysmanak   spinach

ysny∫mak   to become friends

ysny∫yk   closeness (emotional)

yssy   hot

yssylamak   to get hot, heat up

ysygra   earrings

ysytma   fever, malaria

y∫   crevice, slit, crack

y∫k   love

y∫yk   light

y∫yklamak   to spy, peep

y∫yklandyrmak   to touch up, brush up, refresh

yz   1. trace 2. backside, rear, base 3. close by

yza   ache, pain

yzaly   painful

yzarlamak   1. to track down 2. to trace, follow, look after, watch

yzgar   moisture

yzgarly   humid, damp

yzgyt   caress, affection

yzlamak   to whine, snivel

yzly-yzynda   successively, one after the other

yzy bilen   right after, behind, following

yzygideri   consistent, successively

yzynda   behind

yzzat   reverence, respect, awe

Z

zabt etmek   to invade, attack

zabun   cruel

zaçÿot   r. exam

zag   crow, raven

zagyrdamak   to shake, tremble

zakaz   r. order, command

zakaznoÿ   by order, by command

zakyja   jackdaw

zal   r. hall

zalym   tyrant, tyrannical

zalymlyk   tyranny

zaman   epoch, era, time

zamça   type of melon

zamun   bail, surety, guarantee

zapas   r. storage, savings, back-up

zaply   1. strong 2. swift, sudden

zapowednik   r. preserve, reserve

zar   die, dice

zarba   swift attack, blitzkreig

zarbykdyrmak   to wound, to inflict harm

zarbykmak   to be hurt, to be inflamed

zarñyldamak   to call, ring

zarp   strength, force, power

zarpçy   battler, fighter

zarplandyrmak   to strengthen

zarplanmak   to be strengthened

zarÿadi   r. 1. charge (electric) 2. cartridge, ammunition

zarÿadka   r. 1. drill, exercise 2. loading, charging

zarÿadlamak   to load, to charge

zaryn   mournful, sad, plaintive

zarynlamak   to mourn

zastawa   r. outpost

zat   thing

zawod   r. factory

zaÿa   spoiled

zaÿaçylyk   rotteness

zaÿalamak   to pollute, spoil

zaÿalamak   to spoil, ruin

zaÿalanan   spoiled

zaÿalanmak   to spoil, go bad

zaÿawka   r. claim, demand

zaÿleek   to dampen, liquify, moisturize

zaÿom   r. loan

zehin   talent, gift

zehinli   talented, gifted

zehinsiz   untalented

zelel   harm

zelelli   harmful

zemzen   giant lizard

zenzele   noise, racket

zerarly   because

zergär   jeweler

zerrin bolmak   to be stuffed (from eating)

zerur   necessary

zerurlyk   need

zeÿ   dampness, moisture

zeÿilli   such

zeÿrenç   complaint

zeÿrenmek   to complain

zeÿtin   olive

zäherli   poisonous

zähmet   labor

zibil   litter, trash, garbage

znaçok   r. sign

zogdyrylmak   to spurt, gush, rush out

zol   all the time, constantly

zolak   1. bar 2. band, belt, strip

zolakly   striped

zoluk   compulsion

zomamak   to go, to press forward, to push

zomp edip çykak   to jump out, to spring forth suddenly

zompa   suddenly

zona   r. zone

zoologik   r. zoological

zoologiÿa   r. zoology

zor   1. strong 2. force, forceful

zoraÿakdan   by force, forcibly

zordan   with effort

zorlamak   to compell, to force

zowlatmak   to shout, cry out

zowwam   straight, through

zowzuldamak   to worry

zömmek   pointed, conical

zörletmek   to howl

zöwwe   immediately, without delay

zulum   opression, tyranny

zut gaçyp gitmek   to run away

züwwetdin   coward

zweno   r. a link, section, row

zynjyr   chain

zyñmak   to throw

zyÿan   harm

A

a   bir

a little   biraz, çalaja, sähel, az-oblak, birazajyk

a lot   kän, köp, san-sajak, sansyz-sanjak-syz, ençeme, gerk-gäbe

a lot of   köpçülik, topbak

A student   bä∫lik

ability   ba∫arnyklyk, gurbat, gurp, ukyplylyk, ukyp

able   ba∫arnykly, gurbatly, ökde, gurplanmak, gurply, ukyply

abnormal   ∫umroÿ

abode   mesgen

abolish   goÿbolsun etmek, syndyrmak, synmak, ÿatyrmak

abolition   ÿatyrlma

about   barada, hakynda, takmyn, üsta∫yr, golaÿ

above   da∫gyn, ÿokarlygyna, ÿokarsyna, ÿokary, ÿorkaryk

abrasion   dyrnaçak

absence   ÿokluk, propusk^(r)

absent-minded   sölpi

absolute   hyryn-dykyn, tümmek

absolute pitch   owaza

absolutely   düÿbünden

absolutely dry   gus-gury

absorb   siñdirmek, sormak

absorbant cotton   pamyk

abstract   kospekt^(r), kospektirlemek^(r)

absurd   bolgusyz

abundance   bereket

abundant   bereketli, boluçlyk, barly

abuse   sögmek

abusive   paÿy∫

accelerate   tizle∫dirmek, çaltlandyrmak

accent   ∫iwe

accept   kabul etmek

acceptable   makul

accident   betbagtlyk

accidental   tötänleÿin

accomodate   ÿerle∫dirmek

accomplish   tamamlanmak

accomplished   üstünlikli

accordance   kybap, laÿyklyk

accordant   sazla∫yk

accordian   garmon^(r)

according to   boÿunça

account   hasap

account of   hasabat

accountant   hasapçy

accuracy   mergenlik

accurate   rejeli

accusative (gram.)   aÿypgyç

accuse of   ÿazgarmak

ache   yza, syrkyramak, syzlamak, syrkawlamak

achievement   üstünlik

acid   kislota^(r)

acquaint   tany∫dyrmak

acquaintance   beletçilik, tany∫-bili∫, tany∫lyk

acquainted   belet

acquire   adykmak

acrobat   akrobat^(r)

action   amal, perde

active   aktiw^(r), janly

activity   i∫

actor   aktÿor^(r), artist^(r)

actual   ∫indiki

adapt   adatlanmak, uÿgunla∫dyrmak

adaptation   werdi∫

add   gatmak, go∫mak

add a layer   gatlamak

add on   go∫mak

addition   go∫maça

address   adres^(r), çykyw, jarnama, ÿüzlenmek

adherent   ÿaran

adjective   sypat

adjoining   gar∫y

admiral   admiral^(r)

admire   haÿran galmak

admirer   muçdak

admit   boÿun almak

admonition   töwella, pent

adolescence   ÿetginjeklik, juwanlyk, ÿigitlik

adolescent   ÿetginjek

adopted   öweÿ

adopted child   ogullyk

adorn   nagy∫lamak, ha∫amlamak

adornment   ha∫am, ∫aÿ

adroit   çakgan

adroitness   çakganlyk

advance   çozmak, ÿöremek

advance in pregnancy   agralmak

advantage   bähbit, nebis

adverb   ahwalet

adversary   gar∫yda∫

advertisement   reklama^(r)

advice   geñe∫, maslahat, sala, sowet^(r), habardar

advise   geñe∫mek

adviser   maslahatçy

advisors   öwüt-nesihat

aesthetic   estetik^(r)

aesthetics   estetika^(r)

affability   mylakat

affable   ho∫amaÿ, mylakatly

affair   i∫

affect   degirmek

affection   höre-kö∫e, yzgyt

affectionate   ÿürekde∫

affirmative   pola£hitel^(r)

affix   affiks^(r)

African   afrikaly

after   soñraundan, soñ

afternoon   öÿle, öÿle/öÿlän, öÿlän

aftertaste   çökündi

again   baryp, täzeden, ÿene, gaÿtandan, ikilenç

against   gabat, gar∫y, tersine

against one's will   ygtyÿarsyz

age   garrylyk, gojalyk, ÿa∫, garramak, (said of men) gojamak

aged   garry

agenda   gün tertibi

agile   çalasyn

agility   çalasynlyk

agitate   tolgundyrmak

agitation   tolguny∫yk

ago   mundan öñ, öñ

agree   oñlamak, razyla∫mak, ylala∫mak

agree upon   ugurla∫mak

agree with   göwnamek

agreeable   çekimiz, razy

agreement   ylaly∫yk, razÿlyk

agressor   basybalyjy

agriculture   ekerançylyk, oba hojalygy

ah!   ähä

ah! I see!   ä

aha!   aha

aid   ÿardam, dalda, goldaw, haraÿ, hemaÿat, goldamak

aim   maksat, gezemek, göz öñünde tutmak

aim at   dogrulamak

aimless   peÿwagtna

air   asman, howa, ∫emallatmak

air out   ÿelejiretmek

airheaded   ÿeñilkelle

airplane   samolÿot^(r), uçar

airs   howala

alarm   howsala, trewoga^(r), rahatsyzlandyrmak, ynjalyksyzlandyrmak

alarmed   rahatsyzlanmak

alarming   howsalaly

alcohol   çakyr

alcoholic drink   içgi

alert   synçy, hü∫gär, howsala, hü∫gär, trewoga^(r)

alertness   hü∫gärlik

alien   ÿat

alive   diri, diriligene, janly

all   barha, bary, ähli, hemme, tükel, her, em

all day   güna∫a, günüzin

all in all   bary-ÿogy

all of a sudden   birdenka, tapba

all one's life   ölinça

all the time   zol

Allah   hudaÿ

allegiance   wepalylyk

alley   skwar^(r)

allow speak   gepletmek

ally   ÿolda∫

almost   diÿen ÿaly, takmynan, tas, takmyn

alone   ÿeke, ÿeke-çäk, täk

along   boÿunça

alphabet   elipbiÿ

alphabet book   harplyk

alphabet letter   harp

already I era   eÿÿam

also   hem

alter   üÿtgetmek, özgertmek

alteration   üÿtge∫iklik

alterations   özgeri∫lik

altercation   tersle∫ik

alternate   gezekle∫mek

always   elmydam, elmydama, hemi∫e, mydama, hernä

amass   ÿygnanmak

amateur   öwrenje

amateurs   höwesjeñler

amazing   täsin

ambassador   ilçi

amiable   mylakatly

ammendment   düzedi∫

ammunition   ok-dari, zarÿadi^(r)

amount   mukdar, san, pylança

amuse   güÿmemek

amusement   hezillik

amusing   güÿmenje

analysis   derñew

anchor   labyr

ancient   gadym, gojaman, goja

and   we

and even more   ÿene

and with that...   galyberse-de

anecdote   ∫orta söz

anew   gaÿtandan, täzeçe, ÿama∫gan, ÿama∫gandan, täzeden

angel   peri∫de

anger   gazap, gahar getirmek, gatyrganmak

angle   burç, çüñk, ÿartmaç

angry   gazaply, gyñyr, gaharjan

animal   haÿwan, süÿdemdirijiler

animal breeder   maldar

animal food   iÿm

animal skin   ham

animosity   du∫mançylyk

ankle   topuk

anniversary   ÿyllyk

announcement   bildiri∫, yglan etme

annoy   irizmek, ÿürege dü∫mek

annoyance   gikilewik

annual   ÿyllyk

annul   syndyrmak

anonymous   anonom

another   özge

answer   jogap, jogap bermek

answer correctly   dürs jogap bermek

ant   garynja

antiquity   gadymy

anxiety   howatyr, ünji

anxious   rahatsyzlanmak

any   islän, kes

anything   nämede bolsa bir zat

apartment   kwartira^(r)

ape   maÿmyn

apologize   ötunmenk

apology   ötünç, ötünç

apparent   belki

appeal   jarnama, ∫ikaÿat

appeal to   ÿüz tutmak

appear   görünmek, sekmek

appear in the distance   magallaklamak

appear suddenly   inmek

appearance   mysala, sypat, syrat, görnü∫, kysym, sypat, ke∫p

append   go∫mak

appendage   go∫maça

appendix   go∫maça

appetite   i∫dä

applaud   el çarpmak

applause   çarpy∫yk

apple   alma

apply for   ÿüz tutmak

appointment   wezipe

appraise   nyrhlamak

appreciation   minnetdarlyk

appreciative   minnetdar

apprehension   howatyr

apprentice   ∫ägirt

apprenticeship   ∫ägirtlik, taglymat, tälim

approach   ebeteÿ, çemele∫mek, golaÿlamak

approimately   takmyn

appropriate   laÿyk, ÿerlikli

approval   synag, tekge

approve of   makullamak

apricot   erik

apricot pit   towça

apron   fartuk^(r)

apropos   ÿerlikli

aquire   kuwwatlanmak

arbitrariness   eden-etdilik

archeological   arheologik^(r)

archeologist   arheolog^(r)

archeology   arheolog^(r)

architecture   arhitektura^(r)

archive   arhiw^(r)

ardour   howur

area   meÿdança

argue   çekele∫mek, dawala∫mak, jedelle∫mek, (with someone) jetle∫mek

argument   jedel, tutaryk, dawa

argumentative   dawaly, jedilli

arid   gurak

arise   döremek, ÿüze çykmak

arm   gol

arm oneself   ÿaraglanmak

arm someone   ÿaraglandyrmak

Armanian   ermeni^(r)

armed   ÿaragly

armfull   gujak

armless   golsuz, golak

armpit   goltuk

army   go∫un

aroma   ys

aromatic   ho∫boÿ, ysly

arouse interest in   höweslendirmek

arrange   ugurla∫mak, sözle∫mek

arranged   çäklenmek

arrest   tussag etmek

arrested person   tussag

arrive   gelmek, çemele∫mek

arrogance   gedemlik, tekepbirlik

arrogant   gopbamsy, gedam, gompy, tekepbir

arrow   ok

art   sungat, çeperçilik

artery   damar

artful   çeper

article   çlen^(r), madda, (of magazine) makala

artifice   pirim

artificial   emeli, ÿasama

artificial limb   protez^(r)

artillery   artilleriÿa^(r)

artilleryman   topçy

artist   artist^(r), hudo£nik^(r), suratçy, hünärment

artless   göwnaçyk

as   hökmünde, dek

as before   köneçe

as far as possible   mümkingadar

as if   goÿä, gözÿ, hamala

as it were   hamala, hernä

as much as is needed   geregiçe

as one   birlikde

as soon as   dessine

as such   hol, ∫eÿle-de, tüÿsli, beÿle

as though   goÿä, hamala

as yet   entek

as you would (pl.)   sizingçe

ash-pit (of a furnace)   körük

ashamed of   utanmak

ashes   kül

ashtray   küldan

ask   eÿgermek, dilemek, soramak, soramak, çintgemek

ask for   haÿy∫ etmek

ask someone a question   sora∫mak

asphalt   asfalt^(r)

aspire   ymtylmak

assault   tutnak

assemble   toplanmak

assembly   gurultaÿ, montaA^(r)

assess   nyrhlamak

assignment   komandirowka^(r)

assimilate   özle∫dirmek

assist   arkala∫mak

assistance   ÿowar

assistant   assistent^(r), kömekçi, laborant^(r)

association   bilele∫ik

assume   çaklamak, çenlemek

asthma   demgysma

astonishment   haÿran

astronaut   komonawt^(r)

astronomer   astronom^(r)

astronomy   astronomiÿa^(r)

at   golaÿynda, üsta∫yr

at attention   smirno^(r)

at dawn   dañdan

at fault   müÿnli

at first   öñürti

at last   teÿ-ahyr

at once   derrew, ur-tut

at present   häzir

at random   oÿlamazdan

at the right time   wagtly-wagtynda, wagtynda

at the very beginning   ozalynda

at the wrong time   biwagt

at will   isleg boÿunça

athletics   atletika^(r)

atlas^(r)   atlaz

atmosphere   atmosfera^(r)

atom   atom^(r)

attach with glue   ÿelmemek

attached with glue   ÿelme∫mek

attack   jenaÿatçylyk, hüjüm, jabjynmak, kakyn, zabt etmek, arala∫mak

attacker   jenaÿeakär

attain success   rowaçlanmak

attempt   synany∫yk, dyrja∫mak, synanmak

attend   gatna∫mak

attention   dykgat, gara∫yk, üns

attentively   siñe

attitude   garaÿy∫

attitudes   otno∫enie^(r)

attract   özüñe çekmek

attractive   görnükli

audience   diñleÿji

auditiorium   auditoriÿa^(r)

aunt   daÿza

authentic   ähtibar

authority   at-abraÿ, häkimiÿet

automobile   ma∫yn

autumn   güÿz

available   nagt

avaracious   husyt

avenue   prospekt^(r)

average   ortaçal

avoid   gaçalaklamak, ÿadyrgamak, gaça durmak, gaçgakmak, gaçalak etmek

avoidance   gaçalga

awake   oÿa, turmak

awaken   oÿarmak

awe   yzzat

awkward   emelsiz, müÿnürgemek

awkwardness   emelsizlik

awl   biz

awning   bassyrma, telär

axe   palta

axis   ok

B

baby   bala, bäbek, prezent

baby donkey   taÿhar

baby goat   owlak

bachelor   sallah

back   çöwre, geri∫, ÿagyrny, (adj.) syrtky, (physical) arka

back of a horse/donkey   sagry

back-up   zapas^(r)

backside   syrt, yz

bacteria   bakteria^(r)

bad   bet, erbet, myrtar, pis, ugursyz, ÿaman, ÿaramaz

bad feelings   jetlik

bad luck   betbagt

badger   torsuk

badness   betlik, erbetlik

bag   bukja, sumka^(r), torba

baggage   bagaj^(r)

bail   zamun

bake   peç etmek, ÿapmak

baked meat pie   içlekli, içlik

balance   terezi, taÿlamak

balcony   balkon^(r)

bald   sakar kelle

ball   pökgi, ∫ar^(r), top

ballet   balet^(r)

ballistic   ballistik^(r)

balloon   howa ∫ary

banal   lenç bolmak

band   zolak

bandage   sarag

bandit   galtaman, garakçy

bandy-legged   çaslyk, çaÿ∫yk

banister   tutawaç

bank   bank, seññer

banquet wreath   çemen

bar   zolak

baracade   barrikada^(r)

barb   tiken

barbarism   gerbariÿ^(r)

barbed   tikenli

barber   dellek

barber shop   dellekhana

barefoot   aÿakÿalañaç

bargain   söwdala∫mak

bark   gabyk

barley   arpa

barren   gysyr

barrier   barÿer^(r)

barter   çal∫yrmak, çaly∫mak

base   baza^(r), esas, düÿp, tyl

basement   ÿerzemin, podwal^(r)

bashful   utanjañ

basic   esasy

basically   esasan

basin   legen, taññyr

basis   esas, fundament^(r)

basket   kuzow^(r)

baste   köklemek

basting   kök

bath   wanna^(r)

bath-house   hammam

battallion   batalion^(r)

battery   batareÿa^(r)

battle   söwe∫

battler   zarpçy

bawl   çygyrmak

bay (color of a horse)   dor

bayonet   naÿza

bazaar   bazar

be   bolmak

be able to   ökdelemek, bilmek, edip bilmek, ba∫armak

be absorbed   siñmek

be afflicted   ynjamak

be afraid   eÿmenmek, namartlamak, gorkmak, çekinmek, üÿ∫enmek, haÿykmak, oñkuldamak

be aired out   ∫emallamak, ÿelejirmek

be alerted   keÿkertmek, özgermek

be amused   güÿmenmek

be angry   hyrsyzlanmak, sortdurmak

be annoyed   hyrsyñy di∫lemek

be anxious   ynjalyksyzlanmak

be at the end   süÿrenjen, süÿrenmek

be bankrupt   tozmak

be beautified   owadanlanmak

be bent   bükülmek, egrelmek

be bloated   ÿellenmek

be born   dogulmak, dünÿä inmek, önmek

be broken   ÿolunmak

be burned up   köÿmek

be bursting   dyzamak

be capricious   näzirgemek

be captivated   gürma bolmak

be careful   ägä bolmak

be chosen   saÿlanmak

be cleaned   saplanmak

be cold   ü∫emek, ü∫etmek

be collected   ÿygnanmak

be compatible   oñu∫mak

be complicated   çyl∫yrymla∫dyrmak

be concealed   gizlemek

be cooked   bi∫mek

be coupled with   garpy∫mak

be courteous   salykatly

be covered with mist   nemjiremek

be dampened   nemlenmek

be dazed   gama∫mak

be defeated   basylmak

be delayed   täsgenmek, eglenmek

be dented   ÿem∫ermek

be destroyed   çagsamak, opurylmak

be detained   güÿmenmek

be digested   siñmek

be directed   eñmek, gönümek

be disappointed   lapykeç bolmak

be disgusted   gama∫mak

be disheveled   ime∫mek

be dispirited   lapykeç bolmak

be divided   paÿlanmak

be driven crazy   bizar bolmak

be drizzled   siññitli

be dumb-founded   sömelmek

be empty   takyramak

be engaged (in)   me∫gullanmak

be entitled to   hakly bolmak

be eroded   oburylmak

be eyes and ears)   göz-gulak bolmak

be faced with   duçar bolmak, du∫ bolmak

be fallen   ilmek

be fascinated with   gyzmak

be fed   iÿmitlenmek

be fermented   ajamak

be fervoured   gyzykmak

be filled   dolmak

be finished   tükenmek, ÿolgalmak

be firm   ersmek

be flipped over   dönmek

be fond of   gowy görmek

be found   tapylmak, ogu∫ÿa

be founded on   esasanlamak

be fragrant   kükemek

be frightened   ürkmek, hopukmak

be frosty   jybarlamak

be frozen   doñmak

be fulfilled   bitmek

be glad   monça bolmak

be glued   ÿelme∫mek

be going (on a regular basis)   gatnamak

be guided   gollanmak

be hackneyed   lenç bolmak

be hairy   tüÿjermek

be hanging   asylyp durmak

be happy   söÿnmek

be hardened   taplanmak

be heard   owazlanmak, seslenmek

be hooked   ilte∫mek

be housed   jaÿla∫mak

be hunched over   küÿkermek

be hung   sallanmak

be hungry   ajykmak

be hurt   zarbykmak

be idle   ÿaltanmak

be ill   hassalamak, kesellemek, näsag bolmak, syrkawlamak

be improved   ÿag∫ylanmak, ÿag∫yla∫mak

be in order   hatarlamak

be in short supply   gytalmak

be inflamed   zarbykmak

be insecure   aljyramak

be interested   gyzyklanmak

be interesting to   gyzykdyrmak

be introduced to   tany∫mak

be isolated   çetle∫mek

be jealous   imtilmek, gabanmak

be knotted   düwülmek

be late   gijikmek

be lazy   iññgildi, irinmek

be leafy   ÿapraklamak

be leaning   söÿenmek

be led   eÿermek

be lengthened   uzalmak

be lifted   galmak

be lost   ÿitirim bolmak, gaçgakmak

be made of   edilmek

be made well   abadanla∫mak

be mistaken   ÿalñy∫mak

be mixed   bulanmak, gary∫mak

be noted   tapawutlanmak

be numb   süu go∫amak

be occupied (with)   me∫gullanmak

be offended   göwnüne degilmek, kemsinmek, öÿkelemek, torsarmak, ÿoku∫ görmek, ÿarsmak

be old   çagsamak

be on one's guard   ü∫erilmek

be on the alert   ü∫erilmek

be on time   ÿeti∫mek

be oppressed   ezilmek

be organized   çäklenmek

be out of breath   daljykmak

be parted   dyr-pytrak bolmak, ÿapy∫mak

be placed   goÿulmak

be poured out   dökülmek

be prim   eljiremek

be propped up   direnmek

be protected   baÿrynmak, goranmak

be proud   buÿsanmak, guwanmak

be proven   subut bolmak

be provoked   hekgermek

be pushed in   dykny∫mak

be put together   guranmak

be quarrelsome   igenmek

be quiet   dymmak

be ratified   tassyklanmak

be reconciled   ylala∫mak

be rectified   düzelmek

be regarded   hasaplanmak

be related   garynda∫syramak

be repeated   gaÿtalanmak

be resolved   çözülmek

be right against   galta∫dyrmak

be ruined   bozylmak, ÿykylmak

be satisfied   kanagatlanmak, oñmak

be scared of   ürkmek

be settled   ÿerlemek

be shaken   titretmek

be shamed   uÿalmak

be shortened   keltelmek

be shy   ÿygrylmak, utanmak

be situated   ÿerle∫mek

be snoopy   sokgarylmak

be soaked   süllümbaÿ

be spoiled   ajamak

be still   çä∫ermek, durmak

be straightened up   dogralmak

be strengthened   zarplanmak

be stuffed (from eating)   zerrin bolmak

be supported   baÿrynmak

be surprised   geñirgenmek

be sweet   süÿjemek

be swollen   ÿellenmek

be taken with   deprenmek

be the first   öñürtmek

be thirsty   suwsamak, suwsamak

be tightened   büzülmek

be tired   irmek, peteñ etmek

be torn   ÿyrtylmak

be tortured   surnukmak

be uncaring   dözmek

be united   birle∫mek

be unpleasant    ÿoku∫ degmek

be unsettled   gorsanmak

be upset   peri∫an bolmak, rahatsyzlanmak

be vexed   hekgermek

be victorious   ÿeñmek, ÿüwürmek

be warped   ÿarsmak

be wet   süllümbaÿ

be widened   giñelmek

be worn out   könelmek

be worthy   rowa bolmak

be woven   dokalmak

be wrinkled   bürje∫mek

beach   plÿa£^(r)

beads   hünji, monjuk

beam   nur, pürs, ∫öhle

beany   kösükli

bear (animal)   aÿy

bear (bring)   gelmek

bear a burden   jepa çekmek

bear fruit   miwelemek

bearable   çydamly

beard   sakgal

beast   ÿyrtyjy

beat   gürsüldemek, urunmak

beat on   ÿençmek

beat up   ÿençmek

beautiful   gel∫ikli, kaçañ, owadan, ajaÿyp

beautiful woman   perizat, näzenin

beauty   gel∫ik, görk, gözellik, owadanlyk

because   çünki, sebäbi, zerarly

become a citizen   raÿat- bolmak

become a man   kemal

become accustomed   öwreni∫mek

become aggravated   ÿitile∫mek

become chilly   çigremek

become complicated   çyl∫yrymla∫mak, kynla∫mak

become cool   salkynlamak

become dark   garalmak

become dense   galñamak

become disinterested   sowamak

become distant   uzakla∫mak

become dry   kepemek, kakamak

become dull   kütelmek

become dusty   çaññalak, tozanlamak

become easier   ÿeñlemek, ÿeñle∫mek

become embarassed   ÿygrykmak

become empty   çolarmak

become enervated   ejizlemek

become entangled   çola∫mak

become fatigued   leji çykmak

become flat   ma∫∫armak

become friends   dostla∫mak, ysny∫mak

become full   bitmek

become full of oneself   gomparmak

become furious   öjükmek

become ill   näho∫lamak, näsaglamak

become infected   simlemek

become inflamed    çi∫mek

become interested in   höweslenmek

become literate   sowatmak

become overripe   mylkarmak

become pus-like   iriñlemek

become quiet   rahatlanmak, ünjalmak

become rich   baÿan, baÿanmak

become silent   kö∫e∫nek

become small   ownamak, u∫amak

become soft   myjjarmakñ

become strong   gurplanmak

become thin   inçelmek

become warm   maÿlamak, çigremek

become weather-beaten   gaÿzykmak

become wet   öljermek

become wormy   gurtlamak

become worn out   leji çykmak

become wrinkled   mürrelmek

become yellow   saralmak

bed   dü∫ek, krowat^(r)

bed sheet   porsyn^(r)

bedbug   tagtabiti

bedding   ÿorgan-dü∫ek, dü∫ek

bee   ary

bee-keeper   balçy

beehive   bort^(r)

beer   piwa^(r)

beet   ∫ugundyr

beet soup   ∫∫i^(r)

before   ozal, öñürti, öñüsyra, ga∫, mundan öñ, öñinçä

before sunset   gijara

befriend   tirke∫mek

beg   özelenmek

beggar   a∫aky, gedaÿ

begin   ba∫lamak, giri∫mek, geçmek

begin to grow   ternelemek

beginning   start^(r)

behavior   özüni alyp bary∫, häsiÿet, bolu∫

behind   yzynda, yzy bilen

being   barlyk

belch   gägirmek

belief   ynam, ynanç

believe   ynanmak

bell   jañ, jyññyrdy

bellow   molamak

bellows   körük, sanaç

belly-button   göbek

belly-laugh   wakyrdamak

belong   degi∫li bolmak

belongings   emläk, go∫-golañ, go∫

beloved   ÿar, söÿli

below   a∫ak, ast

below zero   minus^(r)

belt   bilbag, gu∫ak, bilgu∫ak, zolak

Belugian   doky

bend   çitmek, eplenmek, epilmek, bükmek, çaÿ∫armak, egmek, epmek, gañrylamak, gañyrmak, gaÿ∫artmak, gy∫artmak, ÿeg∫ermek, yrmak, (oneself) bükülmek

bend back   gaÿ∫artmak

beneficial   haÿyrly

benefit   haÿyr, ÿag∫ylyk, gönenmek

benevolent   ho∫niÿetli

bent   egri

berries   kisel

besides   da∫yndan, ondan hem ba∫ga

bestial   wag∫ylarça

betray   satmak

betrothe   adaglamak

betrothed   adagly

between planets   planetara^(r)

between two people   özara

beverage host   içirgi

beware of   howtyrlanmak

beyond   da∫gyn, gaÿdyp

bibliophile   kitaphon, kitapsöÿüji

bicycle   welosiped^(r)

big   belent, ullakan, çi∫ik

big in size   uly

billion   milliard^(r)

bind   bogmak, dolamak

bind (a book)   jiltlemek

binding   jilt

binoculars   dürbi

biography   biografiÿa^(r), terjimehal

biology   biologiÿa^(r)

birch   berÿoza^(r)

bird   gu∫

bird of prey   ÿyrtyjy

bird-house   ketek

birth   doglu∫, botlamak

birthday   doglan güni

birthmark   täç

biscut   köke

bit   tike

bitch   ganjyk

bite   atagzy, çokmak, di∫lemek, garbak-gurbak etmek, garbanmak, ÿürkese edinmek, çeÿnemek

bite through   tam∫anmak

biting   çapgyn

black   gara

blackberry   böwürslen

blackboard    tagta

blacken   garalamak

blackhead   düwürtik

blade   tyg, gylaw, pyçak

blame   aÿyplamak, günäkärlemek, müÿnli

blameless   günäsiz

blank   propusk^(r)

blanket   odeÿal^(r)

blaze   ÿylpyldy, labyrdamak, lowlamak

bleach   heklemek

bleat   çekremek, mälemek

bleed   ganjarmak

blemish   menek

blessed   e∫retli, sapaly

blessing   pata

blind   kör

blindman's bluff (game)   gözdandy

blindness   körlük

bliss   rähnet

blissful   rähnetli

blister   pakgarçak

blitzkreig   zarba

blizzard   syrgyn

block   beklemek

blood   gan, süÿtde∫

bloodless   gansyz

bloody   ganly

bloom   güllemek

blooming   gülle

blotch   tegmil

blow   urgy, öwüsmek, üflemek

blow one's nose   sümgürmek

blow up   maÿyrmak, ÿarmak

blue   gök

bluest   göm-gök

blunt   dürtme gürsak, tünt, kütek, küteltmek

bluntly   çürt-kesik

board   tagta, münmek, komissiÿa^(r), prowlenie^(r)

boarded up   jebis

boarding school   internat^(r)

boast   güplemek, öwünmek, magtanmak

boasting   öwünjeñlik

boat   gaÿyk

bob (of an animal's tail)   jontuk

bobbin   tigir

body   beden, endam, korpus^(r), läsh, jisim

boil   ba∫, çyban, gaÿnamak, gaÿnatmak, (water for tea) demlemek

boiled   gaÿnag

bold   ÿürekli, batyr, ilginç

boldness   batyrlyk, ÿüreklilik

bolt   kilt, kiltlemek

bomb   bomba^(r), bombalamak

bombastic   epeÿ

bone   süñk

bone marrow   ÿilik

book   kitap

book-lover   kitaphon, kitapsöÿüji

bookkeeper   buhgalter^(r), uçÿotçik^(r)

boot   ädik, üste, üstesine, mesi

booth   kabina^(r), atÿatak

borax   tenekar

border   araçäk, çet, çäk, çil, gyra, lüñ, pel, serhet, jähek, het

border guard   serhetçi

bordering   araçäkde∫

bore   burawlamak

boring   gyzyksiz

borscht   bor∫^(r)

bosom   emjek

boss   ba∫ tutan, ba∫lyk, naçalinik^(r)

botanical   botanika^(r)

bother   ÿürege dü∫mek, päsgel bermek

bottle   çüÿ∫e

bottom   ast, düÿp, aÿaguç, teÿ, syrt

bounce   bökmek

boundary   het, çet

boundless   çäksiz, ymgyr

bow   egmek, tijemek, tijenmek

bowl   ∫akäse, tabak, jam

bowstring   kiriç

box   gap, gapyrjak, guty, tahyl, ÿa∫∫ik^(r)

boxer   boksçy

boxing   boks^(r)

boy   oglan, ogul

boys and girls   ogul-gyz

brace   arkadaÿänç, direg, diremek

bracelet   bilezik

brag   öwünmek, magtanmak, pañlamak

braggard   öwünjeñ

braid   saç örümi, çyrma∫mak, örmek, örmek

brain    beÿni

branch   pudak, ∫aha

branch out   pudaklamak, ∫ahalamak

branchy   ∫ahalak

brand   tagma, tagmalamak, daglamak

brandish   bulaÿlamak

brave   edermen, mert

bravely   merdana, mertlerçe

bravery   pet

breach   gädik

bread   çörek, nan, ÿatak, galla

breadth   inli

breadwinner   ekleÿji

break   tormoz^(r), döwmek, döwülmek, kül-peekun etmek, omurmak

break down   maÿrylmak, haraplamak

break inpieces   mynjyramak

break off   ÿyrtmak, gätmek

break out (in a rash)   örmek

break through   böwüsmek

break up   ça∫mak

break. time-out   arakesme

breakage   ∫ikes

breakfast   ertirlik, ertirlik nahar

breast   dö∫, emjek, göwüs, gursak

breath   dem

breath heavily   demikmek

breathe   dem almak

breeding   edep

breeze   öwüsgin

brew   lasyrdamak

bribe   para

briber   parahor

brick   kerpiç^(r)

bride   gelneje, gelin

bride price   galyn

bridge   köpri

bridge of the nose   señrik

bridle   kelleki, uÿan, uÿanlamak

bridle a horse   nogtalamak

briefcase   portfel^(r)

briefly   gysgaça

brighten   ÿagtylmak

brilliance   öwü∫gin, ÿalpyldy

brilliant   genial^(r), lowurdawuk, ÿalpyldawuk, röw∫en, ÿalpylda duran

bring   getirmek, eltmek, äklemek, rejelemek, timarlamak, alyp gelmek

bring good tidings   bu∫lamak

bring grief to   gynamak

bring in   girizmek

bring life   janlandyrmak

bring up   ÿokarlanmak, terbiÿelemek

brittle   port

broken   döwük, harap, ÿyrtyk, opmak

bronze   bürünç

brood hen   kürk

broom   sübce

brother   dogan, garda∫

brother -in- arms   eginde∫

brother-in-law   ÿüwürji, giew

brotherhood   doganlyk

brow   mañlaÿ

brown   goñur

bruise   señselik

brush   çotga^(r), timar bermek, çotgalamak^(r)

brush against   lak atmak

brush off   silkmek, çotgalamak^(r)

brush up   y∫yklandyrmak

brushwood   çöpleme

brutal   wag∫ylarça

bubble   köpürjik, lakyrdamak

bubbling   lakyrdy

buck up   gaÿratlanmak

buckle   toka

bud   pyntyk, ∫inde, gunça

budge   gymyldamak

budget   bÿujet^(r)

bug   möjek

build   gurmak

build firmly   ersmek

building   bina, jaÿ, ymarat

building site   obÿekt^(r)

bulging   güberçek

bull   öküz

bulldozer   buldozer^(r)

bullet   seçme

bum   sergezdan

bump   pakgarçak

bump against   degmek

bun   ÿagly

bunch   desse, ho∫a, salkym

burden   jepa

bureau   bÿuro^(r)

burial   jaÿlama

burn   garalmak, otlamak, ötmek

burn up   köÿmek

burning   jokrama

burp   gägirmek

burrow   hin

burst   çatlamak

burst into   kürsemek

bursting   gyrylmak

bury   gaplamak, jaÿlamak

bus   konductor^(r)

business-like   edenli

business-trip   komandirowka^(r)

businessman   söwdagar

bustle   gaÿmala∫mak

busy   i∫li, me∫gul, ba∫agaÿ

busy-body   gepçi

but   emma, weli

but also   weli

butcher   gassap

butchery   öl∫ük

butt   çüwde, süsmek

butt into   dykylmak

butt of a joke   oÿnatgy

butter   mesge

butterfly   kebelek

button   ilik, knopka^(r), sadap

buy   satyn almak

buy up   towsa götermek

buyer   alyjy

buzz   wazzyldy, güwwüldemek, hyzlamak, ∫uwlamak, ∫yglamak, tarlamak, wazypdamak

by accident   tötänden

by chance   tötänleÿin, äwül-säwül

by command   zakaznoÿ

by comparison   görä

by correspondence   gaÿybana

by daylight   ÿagtygözin

by foot   pyÿada

by force   zoraÿakdan

by no means   teÿ

by order   zakaznoÿ

by pairs   ikibir

by portions   paÿa^(r)

by the clock   çasowoÿ^(r)

by the hour   çasowoÿ^(r)

by the piece   ÿekeleÿin

by the way   ÿogsa-da

by turns   gezegine, gezek-gezigine

by way of   üsti bilen

by-pass   sowulmak

by-passed   sowa

C

c'mon   bakaly

cabbage   kellem

cabin   kaÿuta

cable   tanap

cackle   gagyldamak

cadaver   maslyk, meÿit

cafe   kebaphana

cafeteria   naharhana

cage   kapasa

cake   pirog^(r), tort^(r)

calculate   hasap etmek, hasaplamak

calculation   rasçÿot^(r)

calendar   kalendar^(r)

calf (young cow)   göle

calico   jir

call   atlandyrmak, oÿarmak, wizit^(r), çagarmak, jyññyrdamak, kösemek, zarñyldamak, çagyrmak

call order   tertibe çagyrmak

call up   jyññyrdatmak

callous   gabarçyk, gabarmak

calm   haÿ-kü∫ etmek, höre-kö∫e etmek

calm down   kö∫e∫nek, rahatlanmak, ünjalmak

calmly   ine-gana, mazaly

caloric   kaloriÿaly^(r)

calorie   kaloriÿa^(r)

calve   botlamak, guzlamak

camel   düÿe, maÿa, torum

camel's milk (fermented)   çal

camera   fotoapparat^(r)

camomille   çopantelpek

camp   lager^(r), dü∫elge

campaign   ÿörü∫

can   tüññün

canal   kanal^(r)

candidate   kandidat^(r), kandidatly^(r)

candle   ∫em

candy   marmelad^(r), süÿji

cane   çiñrik, taÿak

canned foods   konserw^(r)

cannon   top

cap   papak

capability   ukyp

capable   ukyply, ba∫arnykly, güÿçli, ökdelemek

capacity   sygym

cape   ÿapynja

capital   paÿtagt

capitalism   kapitalizm^(r)

capitalist   kapitalist^(r)

capitalistic   kapitalistik^(r)

capricious   ynjyk

captain   kapitan^(r)

captivating   hezil

captive   ÿesir

captivity   ÿesirlik

capture   eÿelemek

caravan   kerwen

carbon   uglerod^(r)

carbonated   gazly

carcass   läsh

card   kartoçka^(r)

cardboard   karton

care   gözeg, ideg, ∫öwür

care for   alada etmek, aladalanmak

carefree   biagyry

careful   usully, ätiÿaçly, seresap

carefully   seresaply

careless   biagyry, biparh, hapysa, howul-hara

carelessness   geleñsizlik

cares   alada, hysyrdy

caress   höre-kö∫e, yzgyt

cargo   ÿük

cargo ship   teplowoz^(r)

carnage   gyrgynçylyk

carnation   dalçyn

carnival   karnawal

carpenter   gurlu∫ykçy

carpet   haly

carpet maker   halyçy

carpet-making   dokma

carrot   kä∫ir

carry   da∫amak, äkitmek, ∫ugullamak

cart   araba

cartilidge   gemirçek

cartoon   karikatura^(r)

cartoon character   ∫ar£

cartridge   zarÿadi^(r)

case   ÿa∫∫ik^(r), delil, tahyl

cashier   kassir^(r)

cashier's desk   kassa^(r)

cask   çelek

cast a spell   jadylamak

cast down   sallamak

cast iron   çoÿun^(r)

caste   jyn, synp

casting (metal)   guÿma

casual   tötänden, tötänleÿin

cat   pi∫ik

catalogue   katalog

catastrophe   heläkçilik

catch   kilt, gapmak

catch a cold   çigreklemek, sowuklamak, ÿoñlamak, ü∫emek

catch hold of   iÿilmek

categorically   çürt-kesik

category   kategoria, azrÿad^(r)

cathedral   ybadathana

cats   guzlamak

cattle   mal

cause   iñirdi, sebäp, sypalga

cause pain   agyrtmak, uwlundyrmak

cause trouble   iñirdemek

caution   ätiÿaç

cautious   aÿawly, ätiÿaçly

cave   gowak, süren, köwek

cave in   gaÿ∫armak

cease   diñmek, tüketmek, togtamak

ceiling   potolok^(r)

celebrate   dabaralanmak

celebrated   me∫hur

celebration   dabara, toÿ

cellar   podwal^(r)

cellophane   sellofan^(r)

cellulose   sellÿuloza^(r)

cement   sement^(r), sementlemek

cemetery   mazarçylyk, öwlüÿa

center   merkez, orta, ojak, uzel^(r), jümmü∫

centimeter   senitmeter^(r)

central   merkezi

central design   göl

centralize   merkeleçdirmek

century   asyr

cerebral cortex   gyzamyk

ceremonial   dabaraly

ceremony   dabara

certain   gürrüñsiz, hatyrjem

certain people   käbiri

certificate   ∫ahadatnama, ∫aÿatnama

chaff   harpyk

chain   zynjyr

chair   oturgyç, stul^(r)

chalk   hek, mel^(r), hek

chamber   kamera^(r), palata^(r)

champion   çempion^(r)

championship   çempionat^(r)

chance   mümkinçilik

chancellor   rektor^(r)

chandelier   lÿstra^(r)

change   özgeri∫, özgertmek, çaly∫mak, üÿtgetmek, (returned money) gaÿtargy

change clothes   çal∫yrynmak

change money    ownatmak

changes   özgeri∫lik

chaos   garma-gürmelik

chapati   çapady

chapped   gaÿzykmak

chapter   bap

char   gara-ört bolmak

character   gylyk, häsiÿet, häsiÿet

characteristic   harakteristika^(r), mahsus, has, reje

characterize   häsiÿetlendirmek

charge   oklamak, zarÿadlamak, (electric)

zarÿadi^(r)   FALSE

charge with   ÿazgarmak

charge with a comission   tab∫yrmak

charitable   geçirimli

charter   ustaw^(r)

chase   kowgy, çekankalamak, kowalmak

chat   söhbet, lakgyldamak

chatter   warsaky, gygyrmak, madyrdamak, samahylamak

chauffeur   ∫ofÿor^(r)

cheat   kezzap

cheating   kezzaplyk

check   çek, barlamak

check against   deñemek, deñe∫dirmek, de∫irmek

check-up   barlag

checkers (Asian style)   ∫a∫ka^(r)

cheek   duluk, ÿañak

cheek-bone   çekge

cheer up   göwnüne gotermek

cheerful   mes, ∫agalañly

cheerfulness   meslik

cheese   peÿnir

chemical   himiki^(r)

chemistry   himiÿa^(r)

cherished   jana-jan

cherry   ülje

chess   kü∫t

chess player   kü∫t∫i

chest   kükrek, sandyk, ÿa∫∫ik^(r)

chew   çenemek, çeÿnemek

chew nuts   çitgitlemek

chick   jüÿje

chicken   towuk

chicken pox   garamyk

chief   naçalinik^(r), ba∫ tutan

chigger   sakyrtga

child   çaga, prezent

childhood   çagalyk, oglanlyk

childness   çagalyk

children   çaga-çuga

children's   çaga

chill   ÿoñ

chime   ∫aññyrdy

chimney   truba^(r)

chin   alkym, eñek

china   farfor^(r)

chintz   jir

chinze   çit

chirp   ∫atyrdamak, çakmak

chisel   oÿmak

chit-chat   gümür-yamyr

chocolate   ∫okolad

choice   saÿlama

choke   hopukmak

choke on   düwünmek

cholera   mergi

choose   saÿlamak, seçmek

chop   kotlet^(r), çybyklamak, çapmak, kätmenlemek

chop off   gätmek

chop up   kerçemek

chop with an axe   paltalamak

chopper   çapgy

chosen   saÿlanan, saÿlama

chronic   öwrendekli

chronicle   hronika^(r)

chubby   lopbush, pökgi

chuckle   hykyrdy, hykyrdamak, ÿykyrdamak, pykyrdamak

chunk   kerç

church   buthana

churn up   saÿmak

cigarette   çilim

cipher   ∫ifr^(r)

ciphere   ∫ifrlemek^(r)

circle   aÿlag, aÿlaw, sirkul^(r), syramak

circular   aÿlawly, tegelek

circulation   tira£

circumcision    sünnet

circus   sirk^(r)

circus arena   maner

cistern   sisterna^(r)

cite   salgylanmak

citizen   grajjdan^(r)

citizens   halk

citizenship   raÿat

city   ∫äher

claim   zaÿawka^(r), talap

clamorous   haÿÿar

clamp   gapjawaç, gapjamak

clamp on to   garpy∫mak

clan   taÿpa, tire

clap   el çarpmak, çarpmak

clarified butter   saryÿag

clarify   saplamak, anyklyk

class   synp, razrÿad^(r), klas^(r)

classical   klassyky

classical writer   klassyk

classmate   klasda∫

clatter   ∫arkyldamak, ∫arkyldy, tyrkyldy

claw   dyrnak, ÿumak

clay   laÿ, palçyk, toÿun

clay oven   tamdyr

clean   arassa, päkize, tämiz, päk, tara∫lamak, arassalamak, çotgalamak^(r)

cleanliness   päkizelik, tämislik

cleanse   tara∫lamak, tämizlemek

cleansing   tara∫

clear   dü∫nükli, päk, durlamak

clear off   gyrtyç

clearing   meÿdan

cleave   çybyklamak

clever   berekella, dü∫bi, akylly

cleverness   dü∫bülik

click   tiññirdi, ∫yññyrdamak, tiññirdemek, tiññirdetmek

click one's tongue   pitikilemek

client   müçderi

cliff   gaÿa

climb   dyrma∫mak, hopba bolmak, ÿarma∫mak, ÿokary çykmak

clinic   dispanser^(r), klinika^(r)

clip   endiganlamak

clippings   galak-galçak

cloak   ÿapynja

clock   sagat

clod   lokga, tokga

close   kapas, taga∫ykly, basyrmak, ÿapmak, ÿummak

close eyes   süzülmek

close to   du∫

closed   ÿapyk

closely   du∫ly

closeness   golaÿlyk, (emotional) ysny∫yk

cloth   mata

clothes   egin-e∫ik, e∫ik, e∫ikler, geÿim, geÿim-e∫ik, geÿim-gejim

clothes peg   ildirgiç

clothesline   sim

clothing   eginba∫, lybas, üst-ba∫

cloud   bulut, büremek

cloudburst   jala

cloudy   alasarmyk, gama∫yk, (personal) çytyk

clover   ÿorunja

club   klub^(r), kru£ok^(r), taÿak

cluck   käkelemek, wakgyldamak

clump   desse

clumsy   nalajedeÿin

cluster   ho∫a

clutch   gysym

coach   trener^(r)

coal   kömür

coarse   harsal

coast   kenar, gyra

coat   begres, penjek, çaÿmak

coating   ÿorka

cobweb   kerep

cock   horaz, mä∫e

cocoa   kakao^(r)

cocoon   pile

coddled   lälik

code   ∫ifr^(r), ∫ifrlemek^(r), (of law) kodeks^(r)

coffee   kofe^(r)

coffin   tabyt

cogitate   öl∫ermek

coil   tegek

coin   ∫aÿy, teññe, çekankalamak

coincide   gabat gelmek

cold   sowuk, sowuklyk, ÿoñ

cold-bloodedness   sowukganlylyk

colic   sanjy

collaboration   hyzmat da∫lyk

collapse   lag∫amak

collar   hamyt, hamytlamak

colleague   i∫des, i∫ger, i∫gär, kärde∫

collect   üÿ∫ürmek, ÿygnamak, ykjamlamak, çöplemek

collection   kolleksiÿa^(r), ÿygnany∫yk, ÿygym

collective farm   kolhoz^(r)

collective farmer   kolhozçi^(r)

collector   ÿygymçy

collide   çaky∫mak, çakny∫mak, (head on) kakly∫mak

collision   çakny∫yk

cologne   odekolon^(r)

colonel   polkownik^(r)

colonial   bakyna, koloniÿal^(r), golasty

colony   kolonoÿa^(r)

color   reñklemek, reñk

colored   reñkli

colorful   reñkli

colt   taÿçanak, taÿ

column   kolonna^(r), sütün, sütün

comb   darak, kekeç, timar bermek, daramak

comb one's hair   tüÿtmek

combine   kombaÿn^(r), urnamak, utga∫dyrmak, sapmak

come   gelmek

come across   tapmak, unamak, çaky∫mak, uçramak

come apart   ça∫mak

come back   dolanmak

come down   çökmek, dü∫mek

come down on    dazarylmak

come late   giçlemek

come off   ÿokmak, ÿoku∫mak

come on!    davaÿ^(r)

come taking   alyp gelmek

come the point   dille∫mek

come to   du∫ gelmek

come to life   direlmek, janlanmak

come untied   çözülmek

come up   gögermek

comedy   komediÿa^(r)

comfort   taga∫yk

comfortable   amatly, jaÿla∫ykly, ynjalykly, çemeli, taga∫ykly

comfortably   orna∫ykly, ÿerde∫ikli

coming   barly∫yk

coming out   nejat

comission   tab∫yryk

comma   otur

command   buÿruk, komandowanie^(r), buÿurmak, höküm, zakaz^(r)

commandant   komendant^(r)

commander   komandir^(r), komanduÿyçiÿ^(r), serkerde

commerce   aluw-satuw, söwda, söwda

commissar   komissar^(r)

commission   komissiÿa^(r), sargyt

commissions   hysyrdy

committe   komitet^(r)

committee   komissiÿa^(r)

commodity   haryt

common   umumy

common cold   dümew

common people (???)   garamaÿak

commoness   umumylyk

communism   kommunizm^(r)

communist   kommunist^(r)

communist youth league   komsomol^(r)

community   umumylyk

community aid   ÿowar

companion   ∫ärik, ÿolda∫

company   kampaniÿa, rota^(r)

comparison   meñzetme

compartment (on a train)   kupe^(r)

compass   kompas^(r)

compassion   mähri, rehim

compassionate   dözümsiz, rehimdar, rehimli

compel   pu∫man getermek, zorlamak

compensate   tölemek

compensation   öwez

compete   ÿary∫mak

compete with   çapy∫mak

competition   konkurs^(r), ÿary∫

compiler   düzüji

complain   käÿinmek, ∫ikaÿat etmek, zeÿrenmek, nalamak

complaint   naly∫, ∫ikaÿat, zeÿrenç, nala

complete   ∫alpy-∫arañ, hyryn-dykyn, tamamlanmak, tümmek, torsuk, aÿyrmak, soñlamak, ÿerine ÿetirmek, aÿrylmak, (a set) komplektlemek^(r), komplekt^(r)

completely   bütinleÿ

complex   çyl∫yrymly, kompleks^(r)

complicate   kynla∫dyrmak

complicated   çyl∫yrymly

compliment   öwmek

component   go∫ulyjy

compose   taÿyarlamak

composed   düzüwli, giñ

composer   kompozitor^(r), düzüji

composite   kompleksleÿin^(r)

composition   düzme, düzüm, eser

compositor   ÿygyjy

compound   go∫ma

comprehensive   hemmetaraplaÿyn

compress   kompres^(r)

comprised of   ybarat

compulsion   jebir, jepa, zoluk

compulsory   mejbury, hökmany

conceal   jaÿlamak, ÿyg∫yrmak, bukmak, gizlenmek, lak bolmak, ÿa∫yrmak, sumat bolmak

conceit   men-menlik

conceited   gompy, gopbamsy

concentrate   ÿygnamak

concern   degirmek

concerning   degi∫li, dogruda

concert   konsert^(r)

concerted   maslahatlaçylyk

concession   egli∫ik

conclusion   gutary∫, netije, karar

concordant   sazla∫yk

concourse   hümer

concrete   beton^(r)

condition   ∫ert, ÿagdaÿ

conditional   ∫ertli

conditions   oññut

conduct   özüni alyp bary∫, ÿazlamak, geçirmek, ÿöretmek

conductor   geçiriji, prowodnik^(r), (of a band or orchestra) dirijÿor^(r), (on a train) konductor^(r)

confer   maslahatla∫mak

conference   konferensiÿa^(r), mejlis, gurultaÿ, maslahat

confess   boÿun almak

confide   sargamak, sarmak

confidential   ynanjañ

conflict   dawa

conform   laÿyk bolmak

conformity   kybap

confuse   ÿalñy∫dyrmak, çal∫yrmak

confused   garja∫mak

confusion   bulam-bujar, señselik, garma-gürmelik, haÿa

congeal   ∫atlamak

congratulate   gutlamak

congratulation   mübärek

congratulations   gutlag

congress   kongres^(r), slÿot^(r)

conical   çüri, zömmek

connect   baglamak, sepi∫mek, seplemek, çitmek

connection   çitim, arabaglan∫yk, aragatna∫yk

conquer   üstün çykmak, ÿeñmek, eÿelemek

conscience   wyjdan, ynsap, namys

conscientious   ynsaply

consciousness   müÿn

consecutive   birsydyrgyn

consequently   netijede

conservatory   konserwatoriÿa^(r)

consider   hasaplamak, äsgermek, saÿmak

considerable   esli, ähmiÿetli

consideration   oÿlanma

considered   hasaplanmak, oÿlany∫ykly

consist   ybarat bolmak

consistent   kanagatly, yzygideri

consolidate   pugtalandurmak, jebisle∫mek

consolidation   jebislik

consonant   çekimsiz ses

conspiracy   dildüw∫ük

constantly   zol

constitution   konstitutsiÿa^(r), süu

construction   gurlu∫, gurlu∫lyk, konstruksiÿa^(r)

consul   konsul^(r)

consulate   konsulhana^(r), konsullyk^(r)

consult   hötde gelmek, çaramak, maslahatlaçmak

consultation   konsultasiÿa^(r)

consume   sarp etmek, sowmak

contain   eklemek

contemporary   häzirki, (peer) döwürde∫

content   mazmuny, razy

contentment   razÿlyk

contest   konkurs^(r)

continent   materik

continental   kontinental^(r)

contingent   kontingent^(r)

continual   çykgynsyz

continually   dura-bara, durdugyça

continue   dowam etmek

continuous   birsyhly

contract   potratçylyk, ∫ertnama

contradictory   gapma-gar∫y

contribution   go∫ant

contrive   tos-toslamak

control   kontrol^(r), kontrollyk^(r), dolandyrmak, geçirmek

controller   kontrolÿor^(r)

controversy   çekele∫ik

convenience   taga∫yk

convenient   çemeli, taga∫ykly

convenient situation   çeme

convention   gurultaÿ

conversation   gep-gürrüñ, gep, gürrüñ, söz

conversation partner   söhbetde∫

conversational   geplem∫ek

converse   geple∫mek, gürrüñde∫mek

conversion   ÿüzlenme

convex   güberçek

convey   gow∫uramak

conveyor   konweÿer^(r)

convince   ynandyrmak

convincing   ynandyryjy, degerli

cook   a∫pez, bi∫irmek, taÿyarlamak

cookie   köke, peçenÿa^(r)

cool   salkyn, ters, sowamak

coolness   seleñ

cooperative   kooperatiw^(r)

coopertation   hyzmat da∫lyk

coordinated   maslahatlaçylyk

cope   oñarmak, özle∫dirmek

copper   mis

copy   kopiÿa^(r), nusga, ekzemplÿar^(r)

copying   wypiska^(r)

coquetry   näz

coquettish   näzli

core   özen-

cork   dyky

corn   mekgejöwen

corn silk   gulpak

corner   çüñk, künjek, (of the eye) çikge

corpse   läsh, maslyk, meÿit

correct   dürs, hak, mamla, jaÿ

corrected   gurat

correspondent   habarçy

corresponding   kybapda∫

corridor   koridor^(r)

cosmetics   kosmetika^(r)

cosmonaut   komonawt^(r)

Cossack   kazak

costly   ∫aÿ-sep

cotton   gowaça, pagta, çit, çapak

cotton boll   goza

cough   üsgülewuk, üsgürlewük, üsgürmek

cough up   ardynjyramak

council   ybadathana, maslahat

count   hasap, sanamak, sifrlemek

count in   hasaplamak

count on   arkaÿyn bolmak

counted   sanly

countenance   jamal, ÿöñkeme

counter   kapasa

counterfeit   galp

country   watan, ülke, ÿurt

countryman   ilde∫

coupon   talon^(r)

courage   batyrlyk, mertlik, ÿüreklilik

courageous   batyr, mert, ÿürekli

courageously   merdana, mertlerçe

course   kurs^(r), dowan

court   sud^(r)

courteous   sypaÿy

courteously   sypaÿçylykly

courtesy   sypaÿçylyk

cousin   bajak, çykan, doganoglan

cover   ÿapmak, gapak, oramak, pokry∫ka^(r), sahap, ÿapgy, basyrmak, buky, ÿapy, jilt, çaÿmak, gaplamak, örtmek, ∫ifirlemek^(r)

cover oneself up   kereplemek, kesmeklemek

covered   ÿapyk

covering   pena

covet   emenmek, imtilmek

cow   sygyr

coward   namart, züwwetdin

cowardice   gorkaklyk, namartlyk

cowardly   sarç, namart

crack   jaÿryk, ∫artyldy, çat, ∫atyrdy, ∫yrkyldamak, ÿaryk, y∫, çitgitlemek, hytyrdamak, jaÿrylmak, pylçamak, ∫artyldamak, ∫atyrdamak, ÿarylmak, paramak

crack up   çatlamak, maÿrylmak

crackle   ∫artyldamak, ∫yrkyldy, ∫atyrdamak, ∫yrkyldamak

crackling   jyzzyk

craft   hünär, senet, ÿasamak

crafted   hünärmentçilik

craftiness   hilegärlik, hokga, hile, ∫eÿtanlyk

craftsman   hünärment, ussat, ussa, ÿasaÿjy

crafty   mekir

crag   gaÿa

cram in   ÿuwa∫amak

crane (bird)   durna

crash   ∫atyrdy, çakny∫yk, ∫artyldy, gürpüldemek

crawl   ÿorelmek, emedeklemek, süÿrenmek

crawl away   pitirdemek

crazy   däli, telbe

creak   ykyrdy, ykyrdamak

cream   gaÿmak, krem^(r)

creamy   gaÿmakly

crease   epin

create   döretmek, gurmak, döretmek

creation   döredijilik, döretme

creations   ∫ahyrlyk

creator   dörediji

credibility   san-cyz

credit   kredit^(r)

creek   çaÿ

creep   bukdaklamak, süÿrenmek, ÿorelmek

creep into   sümmek

crepe   byzmyk

crest   çür depesi

crested   çüri

crevice   y∫, çat, ÿaryk

crew   ekipazh^(r)

crib   sallançak, ÿasli^(r)

crime   jenaÿat, günä

criminal   jenaÿatly, jenaÿatcy

criminal act   jenaÿatçylyk

cripple   çolak

crisis   krizis^(r)

crisp   kitirdewük

critical   tankydy

criticism   tankyt

critique   tankyt, tankytlamak

croak   gagyldamak, warkyldamak

crochet needle   çeññek

crooked   egri

crop   ekin, peteke

cross   atanak, haç, a∫mak, ötmek, ätlemek, (each other) kesi∫mek

cross one's legs   çili∫irmek

cross-country race   kros^(r)

crossing   olum

crossroads   çatryk

crow   garga, zag

crowd   hümer, üÿ∫meleñ, tümmeklemek

crowding   dykny∫yk

crown   pür, täç, sülenmek

crude   harsal

cruel   zabun

cruiser   kreÿser^(r)

crumb   owuntyk

crumble   owmak, owranmak, pytramak

crumbly   ÿum∫ak

crumple   lokgalamak, tokgalamak, ÿygyrmak

crunch   hytyrdamak, hatyrdamak, kibirdemek, kitirdetmek, ykyrdamak, hokurdamak

crush   itni∫ik, dykny∫yk, külkelemek, maÿdalamak

crust (of bread)   gyñak

crutch   pi∫ek

cry   haÿkylyk, aglamak, eñremek, (of a baby) jägildemek

cry out   zowlatmak, çygyrmak, haÿkyrmak, heñkirmek, waÿkyrmak

cry out angrily   herrelmek

crying   agy

crystal   hrustal^(r)

cube   kub^(r)

cubicle   kabina^(r)

cuckoo   ikatäk

cucumber   hyÿar

cultivate   ösdürmek

cultivation   kultiwatsiÿa^(r)

cultivator   kultiwator^(r)

cultural   medeni, medeniÿet, medeniÿetli, medeniÿeti

culture   medeniÿet

cumbersome   gaba

cunning   hile, mekirlik, sap, ∫eÿtanlyk, hilegärlik, hokga

cunning fellow   hilegär

cup   çanak, käse, tabak

cupboard   ∫kaf^(r)

cupola   gümmez

cure   sagdynla∫dyrmak

curious   bilesigeliji

curiousity   bilesigelijilik

curl   buÿrak, (of smoke) burugsamak

curl up   çugutmak

curly   buÿrak

currency   walÿuta^(r), teññe

curse   nälet, sögmek, näletlemek

curse out   käemek

cursive   ÿazmaça

curtain   perde, tuty

curtsy   çommalmak

curvature   egrilik

curve   gy∫yk, epmek, epilmek, (on one's own) eplenmek

curvy   aÿlawly

cushion   dü∫ek

custom   urp-adat, dessur

customer   alajy, müçderi

customs   gümrük

customs house   gümrükhana

cut   kesmek, biçim, kertik, ÿartmaç, dilik, biçmek, dilmek, gyÿmak, käselemek, ÿylmamak, çirtmek

cut along the grain   sep∫ik deñ bölemek

cut down   gyrkmak

cut in   kesmek

cut off   ÿolunmak, soÿmak, ÿolmak

cut out   sepikdirmek

cut pieces   dogramak

cut slightly   kertmek

cut up   ÿarmak

cut with a sharp edge   syhalamak

cut with scissors   gaÿçylamak

cutlet   kotlet^(r)

cutter   kater

cylinder   silindr^(r)

D

daily   gündizki, günsaÿyn, ÿatymlaÿyn

dam   bent, böwet, gatla

dam up   bentlemek

damage   ÿamanlyk

damn   näletlemek

damnation   gargy∫, nälet

damp   çig, yzgarly, nemli

dampen   zaÿleek

dampness   zeÿ, çyglyk

dance   tans^(r), tans etmek^(r)

dancer (prominent)   tansçy^(r)

dandruff   goñak

danger   howp

dangerous   hatarly, gorkuly, gorkunç, biderek

dangle   salparmak

dangling   salpy

dare   milt, milt etmek

dark   garañky

dark complexioned   garaÿagyz, bugdaÿ renk

darken   garañkyramak

darkness   garañkylyk, tüm, tümlük, körlük, garañky

dart   okdurylmak

dash   garnuw, garyndy, okdurylmak, topulmak, çozmak

date   hurma, sene

dawn   dañ, säher, dañ atmak, ÿagtylmak

day   gün

day after tomorrow   birigün

day and night   gije-gündiz

day before yesterday   öññin

day care center   ÿasli^(r)

daylight   gündizki

daytime   gündiz, gündizine

dazzle   alarmak

dazzling   ilginç

dead   öli, öli, wepat, jansyz, ÿitigsi

dead body   maslyk, meÿit

deaf   güñ, ker

deafness   kerlik

deal   oñarmak

dean   dekan

dear   eziz, mähriban

dear one   gadyrly

death   ajal, ölüm

death rate   ölüm derejesi

deaths   ölüm-ÿitim

debate   çeki∫meler, çekisme, jedel, oÿlanmak, çeki∫me etmek

debauche   jenjel

debt   algy, bergi, çykdajy

debtor   bergidar

decade   dekada

decanter   grafim^(r)

deceased   wepat bolan

deceive oneself   aldanmak

December   dekabr

decent   kemally

deception   aldaw, gözboÿagçylyk

decide (set your heart)   ÿüregine düwmek

decision   çözgüt, karar

decisive   kesgin, töwekgel, üzül-kesil

declaration   arza

declare   yglanetmek

decline   kemelmek

decorate   ha∫amlamak, beslemek, bezemek, nagy∫lamak

decorated person   ordenli

decoration   bezeg, ha∫am, orden, ∫aÿ

decorative pattern   nagy∫

decrease   saÿpallamak, gowzalmak, kemelmek, kiçelmek, peseletmek, peslemek

decree   ukaz^(r), dekrek

dedicated   janypke∫, mynasybetli

dedication   janypke∫lik

deep   çuñ, ÿygy

deep thoughts   oÿ-pikir

deepen   çuñaltmak

deepen gradually   çuñla∫mak

deer   sugun, sugun

defeat   ÿeñmek

defect   kem

defend   goramak, penalamak

defend oneself   penalanmak

defense   pena

define   kesgitlemek

definite   mälim

definition   kesgitleme, kesgitnama

definitive   ymykly

deflect   ret etmek

deformed   ∫umroÿ

deformity   ∫umroÿluk

deft   ÿüwrük, çakgan

degenerate   çüpremek

degree   dereje, çak, gradus

delay   haÿallatmak, sagynmak, eglemek, haÿal-ÿagallyk etmek, gijikdirmek

delegate   delegat

delegation   delegatsiÿa

delicate   näzik, ÿuka

delight   keÿp, sapa

deliver   äklemek, gow∫uramak, eltmek, tab∫yrmak

dell   köw

demand   talap, zaÿawka^(r)

demarcate   pel çekmek

democracy   demokratsiÿa^(r)

democratic   demokratik^(r)

demolish   ÿumrulmak, ÿumurmak, ÿykmak

demolished   weÿrançylykly

demon   döw

den   süren

denegrate   ÿöñkemek

dense   goÿry, goÿy, ÿygjam, dykyz, gür, ÿygy

density   syklyk, goÿulyk, syk, töp

dent   ÿem∫ertmek

dented   ÿem∫ik

deny   dänmek, inkär etmek

department store   uniwermag^(r)

depend on   bagly bolmak, gara∫ly bolmak

dependable   ähtibar, ynamly

dependence   gara∫lylyk

dependent   bagly, elgarama, gara∫ly, golasty

depict   suratlandyrmak, sypatlandyrmak, ∫ekillendirmek

deposit   goÿum, gatlamak, çökündi

depraved   harap

depth   çuñluk, jümmü∫

deputy   deputat^(r), orunbasar

descend   dü∫mek

descendants   nesil

descent   eña∫ak

describe   suratlandyrmak, sypatlandyrmak, beÿan etmek, suratlandyrmak

description   suratlandyrma, wasp

desert   çöl, gum

deserted   çolarmak

deserve   mynasyp bolmak

deserving (of)   mynasyp

design   bejergi, çyzmak, hyÿal, konstruksiÿa^(r), pygyl, tos-toslamak

design (for)   niÿetlemek

designer   konstuktor^(r)

desire   isleg, göwnamek, küÿsemek, meÿillenmek, myrat, ymtylmak

desire (for)   höwes

desirous of   göwünjeñ

desk   parta^(r)

desperate   çykgynsyz

despise   ÿigrenmek

despite   garamazdan

despotism   eden-etdilik

destiny   nesibe, çigin

destroy   opurmak, syndyrmak, ÿegsan etmek, ÿumrulmak, ÿumurmak, ÿykmak

destroy (crops)   otamak

destroyed   berbat

destroyer   istrebitel

destruction   hapalyk, berbat

detachment   otrÿad

detain   eglemek, güÿmemek, saklamak

detained   eglenmek

detainee   tussag

detective   sülçhi

deteriorate   erbetlemek, erbetle∫mek, ÿaramazla∫mak, haÿallamak

determination   aÿgyt

determine   seljermek

determined   aÿgytly, dogumly

detriment   ÿamanlyk

develop   ösmek, hars

development   ösü∫

devil   ∫eÿtan

devoid   mahrum

devoted   bagy∫, janköer

devoted to   mynasybetli

devotee   muçdak

dexterity   çakganlyk

dextrous   çakgan

dial (to telephone)   pyntyklamak

dialect   dialekt^(r), ∫iwe

diarrhea   içagyry, içgeçme

diary   gündelik

dice   zar

dictation   diktant^(r)

dictatorship   diktatura^(r)

dictionary   sözlük

die   ölmek, zar, aradan çykmak, dünÿäden ötmek, ölmek, wepat bolmak, ÿykylmak, aÿrylmak

diesel   dizel^(r)

diet   ybadathana

differ   tapawutlanmak

difference   parh, tapawut, üÿtge∫iklik

different   aÿry, dürli-dürli, eÿleki, gaÿry, üÿtge∫ik, dürli

differentiate   tapawutlandyrmak, parhlandyrmak

differently   ba∫gaça

differentness   tapawut

difficult   çatak, çetin, kyn, müçgil

difficulty   hyllalla, kynçylyk, kynlyk, muçakgat

diffused   syrylmak

dig   gazmak, köwlemek, köwmek

dig around for   dörmek

dig in   dikmek

dig into   dörjemek

digest   lasyrdamak, sindirmek, siñdirmek

dignity   mertebe, namysjañ

digress   syrykdyrmak

dike   gaçy, gatla

dilapidated (used of clothing)   göw∫ül

dim   ÿitigsi, ümezlemek

dim-witted   körzehin

dimension   gabara

diminish   kemelmek, kiçelmek, sabamak, seÿreklemek, ÿuwa∫atmak, egismek

dimwit   körlük

din   gowga, ∫owhun, gopgun

dining hall   naharhana

dining room   naharhana

dinner   ag∫amlyk nahar, günortanlyk nahar

diploma   diplom^(r)

diplomatic   diplomatic^(r)

direct   göni, dogrulamak, gönükdirmek, ugramak, ÿüzlenmek

direction   tarap, ugur

directions   gönüme, wagyz-nesihat

directly   gömelteÿ

director   direktor^(r)

dirt   çor, çyr∫ak, gäz, hapa

dirty   hapa, kirli, kirletmek, hapalamak

disability   maÿyplyk

disabled person   maÿyp

disadvantage   gel∫iksizlik

disadvantageous   gel∫iksiz

disagree   gar∫y cykmak

disagreeable   ylala∫yksyz, mähirsiz

disagreement   jetlik, razy bolmazlyk

disappear   gürüm-jürüm bolmak, ÿitmek, sumat bolmak, uçmak

disarm   ÿaragsyzlandyrmak

disaster   bela

discernible   çümhörek

discipline   düzgün-nyzam, düzgün-tertip, tertibe çagyrmak

disciplined   tertipli

discontent   nägilelik

discontented   nägile

discourteous   biedep

discourtesy   biedeplik

discovery   tapyndy

discussion   çekele∫ik, çekisme, söhbet, gürrüñ

disdain   äsgermezçilik, äsgermezlik, harlamak

disease   syrkawlyk, hassalyk, kesel

disgrace   masgarçylyk, ÿüzügaralyk, masgaralamak

disguise   sumat bolmak

disgusted   ÿarsmak

disgusting   ÿigrenji

dish   tabak, tagam

dishes   gapgaç

disheveled   ime∫ik

disinterested   göwünsiz

disjointed   agzala

disk   ∫aÿba^(r)

dismiss   kowmak

dismissal   otctawka^(r)

dismount   dü∫mek

disorderly   garagol, garym-gatym

dispatch office   ekspedisiÿa^(r)

dispatcher   dispetçer^(r)

disperse   ça∫mak, pytramak

displeased   nägile

displeasure   nägilelik

dispute   çekele∫ik, çekele∫mek

disquiet   rahatsyzlandyrmak, ynjalyksyzlandyrmak, gozgalañ

disruption   opuryly∫yk

dissatifaction   nägilelik, närazylyk

dissatisfied   nägile, närazy

dissertation   dissertatsiÿa^(r)

dissoluteness   kelesañlyk

dissuade   ret etmek

distance   aralyk, menzil, uzaklyk

distant   alysda, uzak

distinctive   parhly, özbolu∫ly

distinguish   parhly bolmak, saÿgarmak, seljermek, tapawutlandyrmak

distinquished   tanymal

distort   gy∫artmak, ÿoÿmak, çaÿ∫armak

distress   hasrat, gynamak

distressed   ynjamak

district   uçastok^(r)

disturb   rahatsyzlandyrmak

disturbed   gowgaly

disturbing   galagoply, howsalaly

ditch   ganaw, garnym, gorp, ÿap

diver   wodolaz^(r)

diverge   gy∫armak

diverse   dürli

diversion   ÿykgynçylyk

divert   sowmak

divert one's attention   syrykdyrmak

divide   saka, taraz, bölmek, paÿlamak, paÿlas∫mak, ülemek

division (military)   divisiÿa^(r)

do   elujundan etmek, etmek

do evil   hyÿanat etmek

do one's best   jan etmek

do quickly   haÿdamak

do so   ∫eÿtmek

do such   ∫eÿtmek

doccent   dotsent^(r)

doctor   doktor^(r), wraç^(r)

document   dokument^(r)

dodger   hilegär

dograma   dograma

doll   gurjak, emzik

dolt   pekge

dome   gümmez

donkey   e∫ek

door   gapy, i∫ik

dot   nokat

double entendre   ikuçly

doubt   iñkis, ∫ek, ∫übhe, ∫übhelenmek, müñkürlenmek

doubtful   gümana, ∫übheli

doubtless   ∫übhesiz

dough   hamyr

dove   kepderi

down   übtük

downpour   çabga, jala

dowry   ∫aÿ-sep

dozing   oÿaly-ukuly

draft   çertÿor^(r), garalama, taslama, çyzgy

dragon   ajdarha

dragonfly   teneçir

drama   drama^(r)

draughtsman   grafik^(r)

draw   tartmak, çekmek, çyzmak

draw out   uzakla∫dyrmak

drawer   çeker

drawing   çyzgy, çyzgy

drawing of a lottery   tira£

drawn (game)   hutma-hut

dreadful   elhenç

dream   arzuw, düÿ∫, uky, düÿ∫ürgemek

dreary   tukat

dress   köÿnek

dress oneself   geÿmek

dress somebody   geÿdirmek, geÿindirmek

dressmaker   köÿnekçe

dried   guradylan

dried apricots   ki∫de

dried fruit   ki∫de

dried melon   kak

drift   kañkamak

drill   zarÿadka^(r), burawlamak

drink   hopurdatmak, içmek

drinks   hödür

drip   damjalamak, dammak, sarkmak

drive   tigirlemek, togalamak, çüwek, haÿdatmak, idirdetmek, sürmek

drive cattle   kowalamak, kowala∫mak

drive in   kakmak

driver   sürügi, ∫ofÿor^(r)

driveway   podÿezd^(r)

drizzle   çisñi, çisñemek, sepelemek

drone   wazzyldy

drop   damja, sallamak, gaçyrmak, dökülmek, gaçmak

droppings   tezek

drown   gark bilmak

drugstore   dermanhana

drum   deprek

drunk   pÿan^(r), serho∫

dry   gury, ürgün, kepemek, sarykmak, kakamak

dry out   guramak

dry up   çalykmak

dry-farming   düme

dryer   su∫ilka

dryness   gurulyk

dubious   ∫übheli

duck   ördek

dull   kütek, küteltmek, öçgün, öçügsi, ÿitigsi, gama∫yk

dull in color   çal

dummy   emzik

dunce   ählepus, pekge

dung   tezek

dung beetle   tomazak

durability   çydamlylyk

durable   mäkäm

during   dowamynda, döwründe

dusk   iñrik

dust   çañ, kir∫en, toz, tozan, ÿuwundy, tozamak, tozatmak

duty   borç, karz, nesÿe, ÿumu∫, narÿad

dwelling   mesgen, jaÿ

dye   garalamak

dyke   bent

E

each other   birek-biregi

eager   yhlasly

eagle   bürgüt

ear(s)   gulak

earlier   öñinçä, hemi∫e, irki

earlobe   sümek

early   ir, irki

early evening   ikindi, ilkag∫am

early morning dawn   irgözin

early spring   alabahar, alaÿaz

earn   eklenmek, gazanmak

earnings   gazanç, ysygra, teneçir

earth   toprak, ÿer

earthenware pot   golça

earthquake   ÿer titremesi

ease   ÿeñillik

east   gündogar

eastern   gündogar

easy   añsat, ÿeñille∫dirmek, ÿönekeÿ, erkana

eat   iÿmek

eat a little   di∫lemek

eat and drink   iÿmek-içmek

eat away   kertmek

eat grass   otlamak

eat one's fill   doÿmak

eat some   garbak-gurbak etmek, garbanmak

ecclesiastical   ruhy

echo   ÿañ

economical   tyg∫ytly

economics   ykdysadyÿet

economist   ydysatçy

economize   tyg∫ytlamak

economy   tyg∫yt, tyg∫ytlylyk, ykdysady

edge   erñek, gylaw, çet, tyg, mekan

edging   jähek

edible   iÿmit

edict   ukaz^(r)

edit   redaktirlemek^(r)

editing   redaksion^(r)

editor   redaktor^(r)

editorial staff   redaksiÿa^(r)

editorship   redaktorlyk^(r)

educate   terbiÿelemek

educated   bilimli, okuwly, ylymly

education   bilim, magaryf, terbiÿeleÿi∫

educational   terbiÿeçilik, terbiÿeleÿjilik

educator   magaryfçy, terbiÿeçi

eek!   wä

effect   effekt^(r)

effective   netijeli

effectiveness   netijelilik

effeminate   lälik

effeminateness   läliklik

efficacious   degerli

efficient   ba∫arjan, ÿeti∫ikli

effort   tagalla

egg   ÿumurtga

eggplant   badamjan

eight   sekiz

eighth   sekizinji

eightieth   segseninji

eighty   segsen

elbow   tirsek

elder   ÿa∫uly

election   saÿlaw, saÿlow

elector   saÿlawçy

electrical connection   tok^(r)

electrification   elektrifikasiÿa^(r)

electrify   elektrifisirlemek

electrik   elektrik^(r)

elegance   nepislik

elegant   nepis, sypaÿy

element   element^(r)

elementary   elementar^(r)

elephant   pil

elipses   köp nokat

else   dagy

elucidate   ∫öhlelendirmek

embarass   utandyrmak

embarassment   haÿa, hyllalla

embark   ugramak

embark upon   giri∫mek, ugratmak

embarrassed   çekinmek

embassy   ilçihana

embellish   nagy∫lamak

embellishment   ∫aÿ

embers   köz

emblem   emblema^(r), gerb

embrace   gujak, gujaklamak, gujakla∫mak

embrace with   çyrlamak

embroider   çatmak, tikmek, gaÿamak, ke∫delemek, ke∫te etmek, nagy∫ çekmek

embroidered   ke∫deli

embroidery   gaÿma, keçde, ke∫te

embryo   ∫inde

emerge   sekmek, peÿda bolmak

emergence   nejat

eminent   genial^(r), görnükli, tanymal

emit an unpleasing odor   añkawmak

emphasize   nygtamak, omzamak

emphatic preposition   diñ

emphatic suffix   na

employ   ÿaratmak

employment   hyzmat

emptiness   bo∫luk

empty   howaÿy, pak, puç, ÿüksüz, bo∫, bo∫atmak

enable   mümkinçilik etmek

enamel   syrça

encircle   gur∫awmak, gabamak

encirclement   gabaw

enclose   gur∫awmak

enclosed   ÿapyk

enclosure   agyl

encounter   du∫mak, du∫u∫mak, du∫u∫yk

encourage   höweslendirmek

encrust   ga∫lamak

encrustations   ga∫

encyclopedia   ensiklopediÿa^(r)

end   ahyr, tamam bolmak, tamamlamak, uç, gutarmak, aÿak

endeavor   hysyrdamak, çytala∫mak

ending   go∫ulma

endlessly   häli-∫indi

endure   çydamak

enemy   du∫man, ÿagy

energetic   gujurly, galadaw, söwe∫jen

energetic   ÿadawsyz

energy   enegiÿa^(r), gujur

enforce   mejbur etmek

engine   dwigatel^(r), motor^(r)

engineer   injener^(r)

engineering   injenerlik^(r)

English   iñlis, iñlisçe

enjoy   hezel etmek, ∫atlanmak

enjoyment   sapa

enlarge   ulalmak

enlightenment   magaryf

enlist   pyntyklamak

enormous   mähnet

enough   bes, gerk-gäbe, ÿeterlik

enraged   üzñe

enrich   baÿla∫dyrmak

enriched   baÿan

ensue   eÿermek

entangled   bula∫yk

enter   girmek

enter into   ÿerle∫mek

entertain   hödürlemek, güÿmemek

entertainment   hödür, hezillik

enthusiasm   entuziazm^(r)

entire   bitin

entirely   dur∫una, tutu∫, tutu∫lagyna, tutu∫laÿyn

entitle   hukuk bermek

entitled   ygtyÿarly

entrance   girelge, podÿezd^(r)

entrapment   gabahatçylyk

entrust   tab∫yrmak

entrust with   ÿüklemek

entry   ÿazgy

envelope   bukja

envious   bahyl, görip, içigara

environment   halka

environs   töwerek

envy   bahyllyk, içigaralyk

epigraph   epigraf^(r)

epilepsy   garagu∫, tutgaÿ

episode   epizod^(r)

epoch   döwür, zaman

equal   barabar, deñ, endigan

equality   deñlik

equally   barabar

equestrian   çapyksuwar

equip   enjamla∫dyrmak

equipment   enjam, serenjam

era   era^(r), zaman

erase   bozmak

eraser   bozguç

erode   oburmak

errand   ÿumu∫

erroneous   telek

eruption   örgün

escalator   eskalator^(r)

escape   alaç, sypmak, ylgaw, dyndarmak

essay   oçerk, düzme

essential   düÿpli, möhüm

establish   ÿöretmek

esteem   hatyra, hezzet-hormat, hormat, hormatlamak

esteemed   hormatly

estimation   rasçÿot^(r)

eternal   baky, ebedi, ömürlik, ebedilik

eternity   ebedilik

Ethiopian   efiop^(r)

etude   etÿud^(r)

evaluate   nyrhlamak

evaporate   bugarmak

evasion   sapalk

even   hatda, hekaÿat

even in number   jübüt

even out   deñlemek

evening   giçlik

event   hadysa, waka

evergreen tree   ÿolka^(r)

everlasting   ömürlik

every   her, hersi, hemme, kes

every month   aÿba-aÿ

every other day   günasa

everyone   bary

everything   bary

evidence   delil, ∫aÿatlyk, ∫aÿatnama

evident   ä∫gär

evil   hyrsyz, hyÿanat, içigaralyk, um, içigara

exact   takyk, dogry, hut

exacting   talapkär

exactitude   talapkärlik

exactly   nokatma-nokat, edil, gyradeñ

exactness   takyklyk

exam   zaçÿot^(r)

examination   derñew, ekzamen^(r)

examine   barlamak, esetmek, ÿaltaklamak

examiner   barlagçy, derñewçi

example   mysal, göredeli

excavator   ekskawator^(r)

excellent   otliçno^(r)vtöweleme

excerpting   wypiska^(r)

excessive   çakdana∫a, çendana∫a, hetdena∫a

exchange   aly∫-çaly∫, çal∫yk, çaly∫ma, aly∫mak, çal∫yrmak, çaly∫mak, u∫atmak

exchange news   habarla∫mak

excite   tolgundyrmak

excited   göçgünli

excitement   tolguny∫yk

excuse   bahana

exemplary   çemeli

exercise   ma∫k, bedenterbie, zarÿadka^(r), (in a book) gönükme

exert oneself   emgenmek

exertion   tagalla

exhaust   horlamak

exhausted   sustupes

exhibit   eksponirlemek^(r)

exhibition   eksponat^(r), sergi

exile   sürgün, sürgün etmek

exist   bar

existence   durmu∫, güzeran

exit   alaç, çykalga, ahyr, çykmak

expand   giñlemek

expansion   giñleme

expect   oslamak

expectation   hantama, hantamaçylyk

expedition   ekspedisiÿa^(r)

expend   harajat etmek, harçlamak

expenditure   çykdajy, harç

expense   çykdaÿjy, harç

expensive   gymmat, gymmatly

experience   tejribe, synamak

experienced   tejribeli

experimental   eksperiment^(r)

expert   habarly, edenli

expertise   ekspertizia^(r)

explain   aÿdyñla∫dyrmak, dü∫ündirmek

explanation   dü∫ündiri∫, dü∫ünje

explanatory   dü∫ündiri∫li

explode   ÿarmak, partlamak, ÿarylmak

exploit   eksplutatirlemek^(r)

exploitation   ekplutasiÿa^(r)

explosion   partlama, ÿarylma

exponent   görkeziji

export   eksport^(r), eksportirlemek^(r)

expose   eksponirlemek^(r)

exposure   pa∫

express   añlatmak

expression   añlatma, jümle

extend   batlandyrmak, uzatmak, çukuralmak, süÿndürmek, süÿnmek

extensive   çuñalmak

extent   dereje, uzynlyk

exterior   da∫, mysala

external   da∫ary

externally   gaÿybana

extinct   öçen, sönen

extinguish   öçmek, söndürmek, üzmek

extol   götergimek

extra   artyk, artykmaç

extract   da∫la∫dyrmak

extraction   köwek

extreme   gyraky

extremely   biçak, juda

exult   he∫elle kakmak

eye   garak, göz

eye to eye   ikiçäk

eyebrow   ga∫ 1

eyelash   kirpik

eyelid   gabak

F

fabric   mata, materiÿa^(r)

face   didar, ke∫p, ÿöñkeme, ÿüz

face to face   pete-pet, ga∫ba-ga∫

fact   fakt^(r)

factory   fabrik, zawod^(r)

faculty   fakultÿet^(r)

fade   pyssarmak, solmak, solmak, sönmek, süllermek

faded   solgun, myssyk

failure   sowsuzlyk

faint   señselemek

fair   adalatly, ugurda∫, ynsaply

fairness   adalat

fairy tale   erteki

faithful   janköer, dindar

faithless   biwepa

faithlessness   biwepalyk

fake   galp, jögi

faker   aldawçy

falcon   laçyn

fall   güÿz, batmak, çökmek, ÿykylmak, gaçgakmak

fall asleep   uklamak, irkilmek

fall back   çekilmek

fall ill   çyrçyklamak, syrkawlamak

fall in   hopmak, eñtermek

fall in the habit of   ürçetmek

fall inpieces   lag∫amak

fall off   gopmak, hopmak

fall out   gopmak

fallen tree   çapyk

fallow   boz

fallow deer   maral

false   ÿalan, ÿalandan, emeli, ters, ÿasama

falsehood   çypdyrma

falsify   galpla∫dyrmak

fame   me∫hurlyk, ∫an

familiar (person)   tany∫

familiarize   öwreni∫dirmek

family   ma∫gala

family house   öÿ-i∫ik

famous   ∫anly, me∫hur

fan   ÿelpemek

fantastic   fantastika^(r)

fantasy   fantaziÿa^(r)

far   alys, uzak, da∫

farm   ferma^(r)

farming   ekerançylyk

farrow   jojuklamak

fascinated   gürma bolmak

fashion   moda^(r), biçim

fast   tiz, aÿakly, agyz beklemek, (religious) post^(r)

fast-breeding   guzlaññy

fasten   danmak, örklemek

fastidious   çümhörek

fat   semiz

fat man   inedördül

fate   nesibe, takdyr, täleÿ, ÿazgyt, ykbal, bije, ülü∫

father   kaka, däde, öweÿ

fatigue   ÿadawlyk

fatness   semizlik

fatten   parkyldamak, semremek

fattened   parkyldy, gurat

faucet   kran^(r)

fault   günä

favorable   oñaÿly, enaÿy, ugurda∫

favorite   söÿguli, söÿli, syrda∫

fear   gorky, heder, howatyr, eÿmenmek, howtyrlanmak, üÿ∫enmek

fearful   tez, ürkek

fearless   gaÿduwsyz

feather   pero^(r), ÿelek

feathered   ÿelekli

feathers   pazyl

feature   reje, çyzyk

February   fewral^(r)

feces   bok

fed up with   peteñ etmek

federal   federatiw^(r)

federation   federasiÿa^(r)

federative   federatiw^(r)

fee   nyrh, wznos^(r)

feeble   ejiz

feeble-minded   kemakyl

feebleness   ysgynsyzlyk

feed   iÿmlemek, iÿm, ot- iÿm, emdirmek, iÿdirmek, iÿmitlendirmek, naharlamak

feed grass to   otarmak

feel   añmak, duÿmak, äwmek, syzmak, tikeneklemek

feel angry   hyrsyzlanmak

feel chilly   ü∫ütmek

feel free to...   çekinmede

feel inspired   ruhlanmak

feel nauseous   bulanmak

feel shy   çekinmek

feel sick   süu go∫amak

feel sorry for   gaÿgyrmak

feel the same   ÿekesiremek

feel uneasy   müÿnürgemek

feeling   duÿgy

fell   eñtermek

fellow   garçygaÿ, ÿigit

fellow traveller   hemra

felt   keçe

female   urkaçy

female pilot   pilotka^(r)

female underwear   içliklik

fence   aÿmança, haÿat, gorag

fencing   fehtowaniÿe^(r)

ferment   gor, maÿa, ajatmak

fermented dough   hamyrmaÿa, hamyrtur∫y

fertile   hasylly

fertilize   dökünlemek

fester   çylpyklamak

festival   baÿram, festiwal^(r)

fetch   getirmek

fetters   du∫ak

feuilleton   felÿeton^(r)

fever   ysytma, howur, tebit, ÿoñ

few   az

fiber   süÿüm

fiction   çeper eser

fidget   oÿkanjyramak, sintenjiremek

field   meÿdan, ∫üdügär

field of endeavor   maÿsa

field of grain   maÿsa

fifty   elli

fig   injir

fight   uru∫mak, uru∫, göre∫mek, söbe∫mek, söwe∫mek, urunmak, penjelemek

fighter   pälwan, ur∫ujy, zarpçy

fighting by greedy people   açgözlylyk

figure   sifr^(r), syrat, sifrlemek

file   igelemek, (tool) ige

fill   doldurmak, ganmak, gandyrmak, gapgarmak, nalamak, tümmeklemek

fill in   gömmek, plomwalamak^(r)

fill up   bitirmek

filled   doly2, gömük

fillet   çylka

filling   plomwa^(r), ÿonu∫ga

film   film^(r), kino^(r), pleÿonka^(r), ÿorka

filter   süzguç, süzmek

filthy   kirli

final   final^(r), gutarnykly, jemleÿji, soñky, ahyrky, ahyryn, ymykly

finale   final^(r)

finally   teÿ-ahyr

finance   maliÿe, maliÿeleçdirmek

find   tapyndy, tapmak, unamak

find an excuse for   bahanlamak

find fault with   yrsaramak

find out about   salgy atmak

find room   sygmak

fine   iri, jerime, telper, u∫ak, jerime salmak

finger   barmak

fingerful   atym

finish   pelle, pellehana, uç, soñlamak, aÿaklamak, dynmak, gutarmak, paÿawlamak, tamam bolmak, tamamlamak, tamamlanmak, tüketmek, sowulmak

finished   wepat

fire   kostÿor^(r), lorsuldamak, ot, kowmak, (a rifle) tüpeñlemek

firework   feÿerwerk^(r)

firm   berk, firma^(r), gaÿym, pert, pugta, töwekgel, üzül-kesil, ykjam

firmness   berklik, pugtalyk

first   birinji, ilki

first existing   ilkidurmu∫

first name   at

first place   öñdelik

fish   balyk

fissure   ÿaryk, jaÿryk

fist   ÿumruk

fist-fight   ÿumrukla∫mak

fit   kakyn, ÿaramly

fitter   montÿor^(r)

five   bä∫

fiver   bä∫lik

flabby   ÿepbe∫ik, myjjarmakñ

flag   baÿdak

flake (skin)   soÿulmak

flame   ÿalyn, lowurdy

flank   böwür

flap   salgamak

flare up   labyrdamak, lowlamak

flash   ülpüldemek, ÿyldyramak, ÿylpyldy

flashlight   panys

flat   ÿasy, düz

flatlands   düz, düzlük

flatten   ma∫∫artmak, ÿapba∫dyrmak, ÿapba∫mak, ÿasylamak

flatten out   ma∫∫armak

flattened   ÿem∫ik

flavor   tagam

flaw   kem

flawless   kemsiz-köstsüz, kemsiz

flea   büre

fleabite   büre

flee   bosmak, gaçmak

fleet   flot^(r)

flesh   ten

flex   ÿeg∫ermek

flexibility   çeÿelik, maÿyçgaklyk

flexible   çeÿe, maÿyçgak

flicker   ykjamak

flight   reÿs^(r), uçu∫

flightiness   kelpeñlik

flighty   kelpeñ

fling   pyzmak

flip   dündermek

flip over   döndermek

flip-flop   dünderilmek

flirt   näzirgemek

flirtatious   näzli

flirting   näz

float   galtga

flock   süri, süri

flood   jo∫gun, sil

flooded   jo∫gunly

floor   etazh^(r), pol^(r), gat

flour   harman, un

flow   akar, akym, çüwdürmek, ∫abyrdamak, tigirlenmek, togalanmak, çogmak, syrykmak, akmak

flower   gül

flower bed   gülzar

flowing   akaba

flu   grip^(r), dümew

fluctuation   pasyrdyr

fluff   übtük

fluid   suwuk

flutter   gymyldy, galgamak

fly   siñek, uçmak

fly past(a target)   myçmak

foal   taÿçanak

foam   köpük, köpürjik, agaran, köpürjiklemek

fog   duman, ümez

foggy   dumanly

fold   epin, epmek, eplemek, eplenmek

fold down   sepmek

folded   egrelmek

folder   papka^(r)

follow   kowalmak, yzarlamak, eÿermek, gollanmak

following   indi, yzy bilen

fondness   gadyr

food   a∫, azyk, iÿmit, hödür, nahar

food and drink   iÿmek-içmek

fool   pañkelle, samsyk

foolish   akmak, gagal

foolishness   samsyklyk

football   futbol^(r)

football player   futbolçy^(r)

footstep   ädim

footwear   aÿakgap

for   üçin

for a two year period   ikiÿyllyk

for example   meselem, mysal üçin

for good   mydamalaÿyn

for life   ömürlik

for nothing   ÿöne

for now   häzirlikçe

for the time being   häzirlikçe, onyança

forbidden   gadagan, haram

force   gujur, zarp, zor, hal, ysgyn, zorlamak

force forward   idirdetmek

forced   çäresiz, mejbur, nalaç

forceful   gurjurly, esgin, zor

forcibly   zoraÿakdan

ford   güzer, olum

fore   alyndaky

fore-arm   bilek

forefather   ata-baba

forehead   alyn, mañlaÿ

foreign   ÿat

foreign language   da∫ary ÿurt dili

foreigner   gemi∫ek, myhman

forest   tokaÿ, tokaÿlyk, jeññel

forestry   tokaÿçylyk

forever   düÿpgöter, düÿpleÿin, mydamalaÿyn

forge   nalamak

forget   unutmak, ÿatdan çykarmak

forgive   razyla∫mak, bagy∫lamak

fork   ∫aryk, wilka^(r), çar∫ak

form   blank^(r), ∫ekel, format^(r), görnü∫, naÿçalamak, resmile∫dirmek

form a group   toparlamkak, toparlanmak

formal   formal^(r), resmi

formal greeting   essalawmaleÿkim

formation   nyzam

former   öñki, hemi∫e

formula   formula^(r), añlatma

formulate   formulirlemek^(r)

formulation   formulirowka^(r)

fortieth   kyrkynjy

fortify   berkitmek

fortress   gala

fortunate   ho∫bagt, mañlaÿly

fortune   bije

forty   kyrk

forum   forum^(r)

forward   gaÿdyp, ilerki

found   döretmek, esaslsandyrmak

foundation   fundament^(r), baza^(r), esas

fountain   fontan^(r)

four   dört

fourteen   össürim

fourth   dördünji

fox   tilki

foyer   foÿe^(r)

fracas   gopgun

fracture   gädik

fragile   döwülgiç, port

fragrant   ho∫boÿ

frail   port

frame   karkas

framework   karkas

frankly   aç-açan

freckle   sepgil

free   azat, bo∫, erk, erkana, erkin, halas, ÿöne

free of charge   mugt

freedom   azatlyk, erkinlik

freely   aç-açan, erkin

freeze   doñaklyk, doñdurmak, jybarlamak, ∫atlamak

freezing   jybar

freight   ÿük

fresh   ter

fresh water   süÿji

freshness   terlik

friday   anna

fried bread   pi∫me^(r)

fried corn   patrak

friend   dost, ÿolda∫

friend (female to female)   jora

friend (male)   dost

friendliness   mylakat

friendly   agzybir, alçak

friends   dost-ÿar

friendship   agzybirlik, dostluk, ÿaranlyk

fright   aÿylganç, gorky

frighten   ürküzmek

frighten away   gypjyndyrmak

frightened   gorkuly

frightening   gorkuly, gorkunç

frightful   elhenç

fringe   seçek

fringed   seçekli

friskiness   ÿyldanlyk

frisky   dyzmaç, ÿyldan

frivolous   kelpeñ

frog   gurbaga

from   -dan, -den

from birth   doga

from head toes   ba∫dan-aÿak

from inside   içinden

from many years ago   öñden

from now on   dagy-duwara, öwrülip

from start to finish   birin-birin, boÿdan-ba∫a

from that   babatdan

from the beginning   birbada

from the first   ilkibada

from the start   ilkiba∫da, ba∫dan

from time immemorial   ozaldan, öñden

from time to time   wagtal-wagtal

from year to year   ÿyldan-ÿyla, ÿylyñ-ÿylyna

front   front^(r), öñ

frontal   mañlaÿ

frost   añzak, aÿaz, buldurçyn, burjy, gyraw, çisñi, doñaklyk

frosty   jybar

froth   agaran, köpürjiklemek

frown   çytmak

frozen   doñ, ∫atlama, doñan

fruit   iÿmi∫, miwe

fruit farming   miweçilik

fruit jellies   marmelad^(r)

fruitful   hasylly

fruity   miweli

frump   gipdenek

frustrated   sustupes

frustration   opuryly∫yk

fry   çirkizmek, gowurmak, jyzyrdamak

fugitive   gaçgak

fulfilment   berjaÿ

full   dok, hyryn-dykyn, ähli, tükel

full of   bol

full of holes   de∫ik

full(y)   doly

full-blooded   etli-ganly

fumble   semelemek, sememek

function   funksiÿa^(r), ÿagdaÿla∫mak

fund   fond^(r)

fundamental   düÿpli

funnel   guÿguç

funny   gülküli, gülkünç

fur   sütük, possun

furious   gaharjan, gaharly, üzñe

furniture   mebel

furnucle   çyban

furrow   ke∫lemek

furrowed   ke∫leÿin

furry   sütükli

fury   gahar, gahar-gazap, üzñelik

fuse   partladyjy

fussy   talapkär

futile   nähak

future   geljek

G

gab   jedirdemek, gygyrmak

gaiety   meslik

gain   bähbit, kuwwatlanmak, nebis, eÿelemek

gain weight   semremek

gait   ÿöri∫

galactic   galaktika^(r)

gall   öt

gallop   çapmak, öñürdiklemek

galoshes   galo∫^(r)

gape   hoñkarmak, öwelmek

garage   garaj^(r)

garbage   ÿuwundy, zibil

garden bed   atyz

gargle   çaÿkamak, çyrpmak

garlic   sarymsyk, ajyga

garrison   garnizon^(r)

gas   gaz

gasoline   benzin^(r)

gasp   demikmek, hopukmak, sojamak

gassy   gazly

gate   derweze

gather   çöplemek, ÿygmak, toplanmak, üÿ∫ürmek, ÿygnamak, ykjamlamak, düzmek, toplamak

gathering   ÿygnak, ÿygnany∫yk, ÿygym, barly∫yk

gauge   giñlik

gay   mes, ∫agalañly, ∫oh

gazelle   keÿik

gear   serenjam

general   ählumumy, serkerde, (military) general^(r)

generally   aslynda, umuman, köplenç

generation   nesil

generous   rehimdar, rehimli

genius   geniÿ^(r)

genre   £anr^(r)

gentle   näzik, tultuk

gentleness   ÿum∫aklyk

gently   assa

genuine   hakyky, tüÿs

genus   urug

geographer   geograf^(r)

geographical region   etrap

geography   geografiÿa^(r)

geology   geologiÿa^(r)

geometry   geometriÿa^(r)

Georgian   gruzin^(r)

germ   mikrob^(r)

German   nemes

get a kick out of   deprenmek

get a little older   garra∫mak

get across   a∫yrmak

get angry   gahar gelmek, gazaplanmak

get better   ileri, ganymatla∫mak, gowularmak, jyda dü∫mek, ÿokmak, ÿoku∫mak

get bound up   ∫inelemek

get cold feet   namartlamak

get confused   çola∫mak

get dark   iñrik garalmak

get dirty   bula∫mak, çorlamak, gäzlemek, hapalanmak, kirlemek

get done   bölü∫mek

get dusty   çañamak, çañjarmak

get entangled   ∫inelemek, çigmek

get even with   hakla∫mak, hasapla∫mak

get fat   semretmek

get fixed up   orna∫mak

get gutsy   gaÿratlanmak

get hot   yssylamak

get inflamed   tata∫mak

get into   sümmek

get lost   aza∫mak

get mad   öjükmek

get married (for a man only)   öÿlenmek

get mixed up   garja∫mak

get moldy   heñlemek

get news   habarla∫mak, habar tutmak

get numb   guru∫mak

get on   münmek

get out   aÿrylmak

get out of   dyndarmak, dynmak

get out of here!   güm bol! owarra!

get packed   dykyzlanmak

get pleasure   gönenmek

get ready   taÿynalmak

get rid of   gowzalmak, sabamak, sypmak

get sick of   bizar bolmak

get situated   ÿerle∫mek

get skinny   arryklamak

get spoiled   azmak

get started (about cooking)   atarmak

get sunburnt   güne ÿanmak

get tangled and confused   bula∫mak

get tied up   çigmek

get tied up in knots   çigilmek

get tired   lejikmek

get tough with   dazarylmak

get up   turuzmak, durmak

get used to   öwreni∫mek, uÿgunla∫mak

get wet   ezilmek

gift   pe∫e∫, zehin, sylag

gifted   zehinli

giggle   hikirdi, hikirdemek, hykyrdamak, hykyrdy, pykyrdamak, kikirdemek

giraffe   £iraf^(r)

girdle   bilgu∫ak

girl   gelingyz, gyz

girlfriend   boÿda∫

girth   semizlik

give   äbermek, gowu∫mak

give a hand to   arkala∫mak

give a turn    tow bermek

give an account   hasap bermek

give back   gaÿtarmak

give birth   dogurmak

give birth a goat   owlaklamak

give drink   çaÿlamak

give someone a cold   sowuklatmak

give trouble   azar bermek

give up   ÿitirmek, taslamak

give up hope   pyssarmak

give voice to   agzamak

give-and-take   aldym-berdimli

given   goÿulmak

gladden   begendirmek

gladly   höwesjeñ

gladness   ÿagtylyk

glance   baky∫, göz, nazar

gland   mäz

glare   mölerilmek

glare angrily   alarylmak

glass   çüÿ∫e, stakan^(r), aÿna

glasses   äÿnek

glaucoma   garasuw

glen   köw

glide   typmak

glisten   balkyldamak

glitter   balkyldamak, lowurdamak, ülpüldemek, ÿyldyramak

glittery   ÿyldyrawuk

globe   globys^(r), ÿer ∫ary, dünÿä

gloomy   çytyk, tutuk

glorify   ∫öhratlanmak

glorious   ∫öhratly

glory   ∫an, ∫an-∫öhrat, ∫öhrat

glove   ellik

glow   labyrdamak

glue   elim, ÿelim, ÿelimlemek, ÿelmemek

glutton   i∫dämen, iÿermen

gluttony   iÿermenlik

gnash   ykyrdamak

gnaw   gemirmek

go   gitmek, ÿöremek, gitmek, zomamak, barmak, çykmak

go around   aÿlanmak

go bad   dymjykmak, zaÿalanmak, pislemek, uzanmak

go by foot   pyÿadalamak

go crazy   däliremek

go for a walk   gezelenç etmek, kañkamak

go missing   ÿitirim bolmak, ÿitmek

go numb   jüm∫üldemek

go out incoolness   seleñlemek

go somewhere else   göçmek

go sour   uÿamak

go straight   gönülmek

go through   ötmek

go together   tirke∫mek

go trouble over   alada etmek, aladalanmak

go up to   çemele∫mek

go with   geli∫mek

goat   geçi

goat wool   çöpür

goats   dowar

goblet   kubok^(r)

God   hudaÿ

God bless you   sabyr et

going   gidi∫in

going out   nejat

gold   altyn, tylla

golden   tylla

golly   bä

good   ÿag∫y gowy, enaÿy, haryt, idili, oñat, oñly, ugurly, bolÿar, gowulyl, ho∫, rowaç, ∫owly, ÿaramly

good deed   sogap

good event   çem

good for nothing   kelesañ

good golly!   baÿ-bow

good looking   nurana

good luck   ∫ow

good-natured   ÿuka ÿürek

goodness   gowulyl, gowylyk, döwlet

goods   harytlar

goose   gaz

gopher   alaka

gore   süsmek

gossip   gybat, gepçi, warsaky, wy∫yrdamak

gossipper   gybatke∫

gourmet   gastronom^(r)

government   döwlet, hökümet, prowlenie^(r)

grab   gysymlamak

grace   nepislik

graceful   nepis

grade   baha

gradually   dura-bara, durdugyça, gitdigiçe, kem-kemden

graduate student   aspirant^(r)

graft   peÿwent etmek

grain   digir, galla, däne

gram   gram^(r)

grammar   grammatika^(r)

grammatical   grammatik^(r)

grand   beÿik

grand piano   roÿal^(r)

grandchild   agtyk

grandfather   ata, baba

grandmother   ene

grant   esbap

grape   üzüm

grape production   üzümçilik

grapes (specifically   gelinbarmak

graph   grafa^(r)

grass   ot

grassy area   otluk

grate   süÿkemek, gyrmak, oÿkamak

grateful   minnetdar

grating   gözenek

gratings   gyrmança

gratis   ÿöne

gratitude   minnetdarlyk

grave   gör, mazar

gravel   çagyl

graveyard   gonamçylyk, öwülÿä

graze animals   bakmak

grease   ÿag, ÿaglamak

great   beÿik, baÿry, çasly

great-grandson   çowluk

greed   açgözlylyk, betnebislik, husytlyk

greedy   aç göz, betnebis, husyt, gysganç

Greek   grek^(r)

green   ÿa∫yl, gök

greet   görü∫mek, gar∫yldamak, salamla∫mak

grenade   granat^(r)

grid   tor

grief   hasratvtukatlyk

grieve   çygylmak, tukatlanmak, ynjatmak

grieved   gynançly

grill   daglamak

grin   gülümjiremek, syrtartmak, ÿyr∫armak

grind   külkelemek, maÿdalamak, taplamak, oÿkamak, törpülemek, üwemek

grip   gysmak, tutma

grits   ÿarma

groan   hyklamak, nalamak

groats   ÿarma

groceries   bakaleÿa^(r)

grocery store   bakaleÿa^(r)

groin   gasyk

gross   harsal

ground   meÿdança, toprak

grounds   lödere

group   tapgyr, topar, toplum, kollektiw^(r), kru£ok^(r), süri, top

grow   köpelmek, gögermek, idetmek, ösdürmek, ösmek, ulalmak, ulaltmak

grow foggy   dumanlamak, ümezlemek

grow heavy   agralmak

grow in a circle   tegelenmek

grow leaves   ÿapraklamak

grow more beautiful   ÿag∫ylanmak, ÿag∫yla∫mak

grow old   garta∫mak

grow quiet   diñmek

grow stale   gatamak

grow still   kö∫e∫nek

grow stronger   eÿikmek

grow taller   beÿgelmek

grow thin   horlanmak

grow tired of   bizar bolmak

grow up   önüp-ösmek, önmek

grow weary   ÿadamak

growl   hoñuldamak, hüñürdemek, hüñürdi, hyñranmak

grown   gartañ

grownup   ullakan

growth   ösü∫

grumble   hoñuldamak, hüñürdemek, igenmek

grumbling   hüñürdi, igenç, igenjeñ, igenjeñlik

grunt   horkuldamak

guarantee   güwä, kepillik, zamun, kepil bolmak

guard   garawul, gwardiÿn^(r)

guardian   hossar

guess   çak etmek

guest   myhman

guest room   myhmanhana

guide   prowodnik^(r), wojatyÿ^(r), ÿazlamak, ÿöretmek

guild   seh^(r)

guile   mekirlik

guilty   günäli, müÿnli, ÿazykly

guilty one   günäkär

guilty person   sebäpkär

guise   maska^(r)

guitar   gitar

gulf   aÿlag

gullet   gyzylödek, ödek

gulp   owurt

gulp down   jyñkytmak

gun   pistolÿet^(r)

gun-scope   didivan

gun-sight   didivan

gunshot (sound of a)   gümpüldi

gurgle   lygyrdy, hokurdamak, lygyrdamak

gurgling   lakyrdy

gush   jo∫mak, zogdyrylmak

gushing   jo∫gunly

gusset   begeÿik

gust   tüweleÿ, üflemek

gust of wind   ÿelgin

gutter   ternaw

gym   bedenterbie

gymnastics   gimnastika^(r)

H

habit   endik, öwrendekli, gylyk, urp-adat

haggle   söwdala∫mak

hail   doly, jöwenek

hair   saç, tüÿ

hairy   tüÿlek

half   ÿarpy, ÿarty, ÿary, ÿarym, pol^(r)

half asleep   oÿaly-ukuly

half-dead   çalajan

hall   zal^(r), koridor^(r), saÿpallamak

haloxylon   ojar

halter (for a horse)   nogta

hammer   çekiç, çekis, (of a firearm) mä∫e

hammer in   kakmak

hand   el, gol, eltmek

handful   go∫awuç, gysym, ÿanawuç

handkerchief   elÿaglyk

handle   tutawaç, ellemek, ellemek

handle bar   süÿpent

handless   golak, golsuz

handmade   hünärmentçilik

handsome   kaçañ, nurana

handwriting   ÿazmaça, poçerk^(r)

handy   amatly

hang   asylmak, ildirmek, sallanmak

hang out   semek

hang up   asmak

hanging peg   asgyç

hank (of thread)   kelep

happen   bolmak

happiness   eÿgilik

happy   ho∫bagt, mañlaÿly, monça bolmak, sapaly, ∫at, ∫oh, (with luck) bagtly

hard   gaty, ÿowuz, müçgil, ∫atlama

hard-fought   aldym-berdimli

harden   bekemek, gatamak

hardly   çala

hardly possible   gümana

hardness   gatylyk

hardworking   i∫leññir, janypke∫, i∫eññir, jepake∫

hardy   dözümli

harm   ÿamanlyk, zelel, zyÿan, hyÿanat etmek, hyÿanat

harmful   zelelli

harmonious   çekimiz

harmony   razylyk, ylaly∫yk

harness   hamyt, hamytlamak

harrow   mala, malalamak, borona^(r)

harvest   hasyl, ÿygnany∫yk

harvester   kombaÿn^(r)

haste   gyssagara

hasten   alñasatmak

hasty   howul-hara

hat   ∫lÿapa^(r), telpek, ∫yrdak

hatchway   lÿuk^(r)

hate   ÿigrenmek

hateful   ÿygrenç, ÿigrenji

hatred   ÿigrenç

haughtiness   tekepbirlik

haughty   tekepbir

have a bite   di∫lemek

have a cold   dümewlemek

have a dream   düÿ∫ görmek

have a dust storm   sowurmak

have a little chat   gümür-ÿamür etmek

have a party   toÿlamak

have a premonition   syzmak

have a snack   ÿürkese edinmek

have doubts   müñkürlenmek

have free time   sypynmak

have occasion (to)   miÿesser

hawk   gyrgy

hay   bede, silos^(r)

haydust   pide

haze   duman

hazy   gama∫yk

he   ol

head   ba∫, kelle, naçalinik^(r), müdir

head for   ÿönelmek

head of the table   tör

head scarf   alyndañy

headquarters   ∫tab^(r)

health   aman, hal, hal-ahwal, saglyk

healthy   barda∫ly, gurgun, sag, sagat, sagdyn, daÿaw, sag-gurgun

heap   topbak, dös

hear   e∫itmek

hear about   diñ salmak

hearsay   owaza

heart   ÿürek

heartbeat   gürsüldi

hearth   ojak

heartless   birehim, rehimsiz

hearty   ykjam

heat   çog, gyzmalyk, howur, jöwza, tebit, çoÿmak, gyzgynlyk, gyzy∫mak, ÿylatmak, ÿylynmak, çoÿunmak, gyzdyrmak, gyzmak, tuta∫dyrmak

heat rash   tengin

heat up   ÿylamak, yssylamak

heavy   agramly, agyr, saldamly, ullakan

heavy rain   jala

hectacre   gektar^(r)

hedgehog   kirpi

heed   ätiÿaç

heel   ökje

hegemony   gegemoniÿa^(r)

heifer   tüwe

height   belentlik, beÿiklik, boÿ

helicopter   wertolÿot^(r)

hell   dowzah

helmet   ∫lem^(r)

help   dalda, haraÿ, hemaÿat, ÿardam, kömekle∫mek, ÿardam etmek, (as an exclamation) dat-bidat!

help find something   tapy∫mak

help off   dü∫ürmek

helped by   arkaly

helper   kömekçi

helpful   ÿokumly, haÿyrly

helva   halwa

hem   sepgit, jähek, tikmek

hemp   kenep

hen   mäkiÿan

hen coop   ketek

henceforth   öwrülip

henceforward   dagy-duwara

herd   süri

here   ∫u taÿda, ∫u ÿerde, bäri, bärik, çendan

here you are   ine

here!   me

heritage   miras

hermitage   sergezdançylyk, sergezdanlyk

hero   gero^(r), pälwan, gahryman, obraz

heroic   gahrymanlarça

heroism   gahrymançylyk

herpes   demrew

herring   takgaz

herself   öz

hesitate   sagynmak, säginmek, haÿal-ÿagallyk etmek

hesitation   irgin, iri∫me

hetman   ba∫lyk

hew   ÿylmamak

hi   salam, ähey

hiccup   synçgylawuk

hidden   gizlin

hide   ÿa∫yrmak, jaÿlamak, ÿyg∫yrmak

hide and seek (game)   bukullym

hide away   bukmak

hide from   gaçalak etmek, açalaklamak

hide-and-seek   gizlenpeçek

hideous   gel∫iksiz

high and low   beÿikli-pesli

high flown   epeÿ

high-heeled shoes   i∫bil

higher   ekabyr

highway   magistral^(r), ∫osse^(r)

hill   alañ, baÿyr, söbük, depe, tümmek

himself   öz

hip   but

hiss   jazyrdy, ∫uwwuldy, ∫yglamak, jazyrdamak

historian   taryhçy

historical   taryhy

history   taryh

hit   patlamak

hoarse   garja∫yk

hobble   keÿtiklemek, kösseklemek

hockey   hokkeÿ^(r)

hoe   kätmen, kätmenlemek

hold   eklemek, tutmak

hold back (something)   jylawlamak

hold fast to   ÿapy∫mak

hold in hand   ideklemek

hold up   eglemek

hole   çarkandak, çukanak, çukur, çukurlyk, de∫ik, hin

holler   azgyrylmak

hollow   köw, pürsvçöketlik, puç

holy   mukaddes

home   öÿ, ÿatakhana

homemaker   öÿ hojalykçy

homogeneous   hili-bir hili

hone   gaÿramak

honest   akgöwünli, dogruçyl, kemally, wepaly

honestly   walla

honesty   päklik

honey   bal

honk   ∫uwlamak, tarlamak

honor   hormat, hormatlamak, sylag

honored   hormatly

hoof   syñral, toÿnak

hook   çeññek, gañrak, ili∫mek, iltemek, gañyrçak

hook onto   tirkemek

hook the catch   kiltlemek

hoop   gur∫aw

hoot   ∫uwlamak, tarlamak

hop   çapmak

hope   tama, umyt, arkalanmak, tama etmek, umyt etmek

hope chest   sandyk

hopeless   gutulgysyz, çykgynsyz

horizontal   gorizontal^(r), kese

horizontally   keseleÿin, keseligine

horn (of an animal)   ∫ah

horned   ∫ahly

hornless (without horns)   kelek

horror   aÿylganç

horse   at, gylÿal, konki^(r), ÿaby

horse jockey   seÿis

horse race   at capysyk

horse's bit   agyzzyryk

horse-cloth   July

horsecloth   palan^(r)

horseshoe   nal

hose   ∫lang^(r)

hosiery   trikota£^(r)

hospitable   myhmansöÿer

hospital   gospital^(r), keselhana

hospitality   hezzet, myhmansöÿerlik

host   hojaÿyn, hyzmat etmek

hostel   ÿatakhana

hot   gyzgyn, jokrama, yssy, ajy

hot to trot   dyzmaç

hot-house   teplisa^(r)

hot-tempered   gyzma

hotel   myhmanhana

hound   tazy, köpek

hour   sagat

hour's worth   sagatlyk

house   öÿ, jaÿla∫dyrmak, tam

household   ma∫gala

housekeeper   hojalykçy

how much?   näçe, näden

how?   nähili, nätüÿsli

howl   hazlamak, uwlamak, zörletmek

hubbub   ∫owhun

huge   ägirt, mähnet, äpet

hum   güwwüldemek, hyzlamak

human   ynsan

humanity   adamzat, ynsanyÿet

humble   türkana

humid   dymyk, nemli, yzgarly

humidity   çyglyk

humiliate   kemsitmek

humility   ÿuwa∫lyk

humorous   gülküli, gülkünç

hump   örküç, örküç

humus   çüÿrüntgi

hunch   küÿkertmek

hunchbacked   küÿki

hunched   bürkür

Hungary   wengr^(r)

hunger   ajykmak

hunk   kerç

hunt   aw, awamak, awlamak, awatmak, awu∫amak

hunter   awçy, yrdar

hurl   pyzmak

hurricane   harasat

hurried   alñasan, gyssagly, howul-hara

hurry   eñmek, gyssagara, howlykmak, alñasamak, gyssamak

hurry about   gaÿmala∫mak

hurry someone up   howlukdyrmak

hurry up   haÿdatmak, howlukmak

hurt   öÿkeli, agyrmak, agyrtmak

husband   är

husband's sister   bajy

hut   çatma, küme

hutzpah   gaÿrat

hybrid   gibrid^(r)

hydrogen   wodorod^(r)

hygiene   gigiena^(r)

hymn   gimn^(r)

hypnotizer   gözbagçy

hypocrisy   jögülik

hypocritical   jögi

I

I   men

I see!   ähä

I think...   meniñçe

ice   buz

ice-cream   doñdurma, moro£ny^(r)

ice-crusted   sürçek

idea   ideÿa^(r), oÿ, pikir

ideal   ideal^(r)

identical   bir menzes, birmeñze∫

identity   ∫ahs, ∫ahsyÿet

ideological   ideologik^(r)

ideology   ideologiÿa^(r)

idiom   idioma^(r)

idiomatic   idiomatik^(r)

idle   bikär, çaman, peÿwagtna, ÿalta

idleness   ÿaltalyk

if   eger (de), ka∫gä

if not   bolmasa

ignorance   çalasowatlyk, jahyllyk, nadanlyk, nätany∫lyk

ignorant   gapyl, jahyl, nadan, çalasowat

ill   agyry, aza, dert, keselli, syrkaw, hassa, näsag

ill person   syrkaw

ill-bred   kakaba∫

ill-informed   gapyl

ill-mannered   kakaba∫

illegal   kanunsyz, gizlin

illiteracy   sowatsyzlyk

illiterate   sowatsyz

illness   emgek, hassalyk, kesel, näho∫lyk, näsaglyk, syrkawlyk

illuminate   ∫öhlelendirmek, ÿagtyltmak

illustrated   suraty

illustration   illÿustrasiÿa^(r)

illustrative   illÿustratiw^(r)

imaginary   hyÿally, fantastika^(r)

imagination   fantaziÿa^(r)

imbue   tümmeklemek

imitate   öÿkünmek

imitation   ÿasama

immeasurable   çaksyz, çensiz

immediate at hand   nobatdaky, nobatky

immediately   bada-bat, zöwwe, gömelteÿ, badyna

immense   çaksyz, çensiz

immerse   çümdürmek

immortal   ölmez-ÿitmez

immortalize    ebedile∫dirmek

imp   haramzada

impassioned   gyzykmak

impatient   çydamsyz

imperative   hökman

imperceptibly   ogrynça

imperialism   imperializm^(r)

imperialistic   imperialistik^(r)

imply   diÿmek2

impolite   edepsiz

impoliteness   edepsizlik

import   import^(r), importirlemek^(r)

import/export duty   gümrük

importance   ähmiÿet

important   dahylly, möhüm, wajyp, bajyp, derwaÿys

impoverish   gedaÿla∫mak

impress   täsir galdyrmak

impression   täsir

impressionable   duÿgur

impressive   täsirli

imprison   türmä basmak, türmä basmak

improve   gowulandyrmak, gowylandyrmak, kämille∫dirmek, ÿag∫ylandyrmak

improve oneself   kämille∫mek

improved   gurat

improvement   guratlyk

in   içinde

in a big way   gerim

in a day   güna∫a

in a grand style   gerim

in a short time   möhlet

in a word   mahlasy

in addition   üste, üstesine

in addition to   ondan hem ba∫ga, da∫yndan

in agreement with   razy

in conformity with   laÿyklyk-da

in disagreement   jet

in earnest   çynlakaÿ

in front of   öñünde

in full supply   üpjün

in general   garaz

in good spirts   ∫ähdaçyk

in great detail   jikme-jik

in my opinion...   meniñçe

in one's way   peÿwagtna

in order   ugrukdyrmak

in pairs   ikibir

in place of   ÿerine

in relation to   degi∫li

in short   mahlasy

in the beginning   ba∫da

in the front   ilerik, ilerlegini, öñ

in the future   öwrülip

in the past   öñ

in the pre-dawn   aladandan

in the summer   tomsma

in truth   dogrusy, hakykatdan

in turns   gezegine, gezek-gezigine

in your style   seniñçe

in-law   gaÿyn

inaccessible   elÿeter

inappropriate   ÿerliksiz

incapable   bigaÿrat

incendiary   tuta∫dyryjy

incessant   ÿoknasyz

incessantly   tükeniksiz

incidental   gidi∫ini

incision   kertik

incline   ÿapgyt, yrmak

incoherence   keçjelik

income   gipdeji

inconvenient   çemesiz

incorrect   ters, nädogry

increase   artdyrma, artmak, bulukmak, köpelmek, köpeltmek, ulaltmak

incredibly   juda

incubation   inkubasion^(r), inkubasiÿa^(r)

incubator   inkubator^(r)

inculcate   orna∫dyrmak

indebted to   karzyna

indecent   haÿasyz

indefatiguable   galadaw

indent   gaÿ∫artmak

independence   gara∫syzlyk, özba∫daklyk, özba∫daklyk

independent   gara∫syz, özba∫dak

indestructible,   sarsmaz

index   görkeziji, indeks^(r)

Indian style   aÿbogda∫

indicator   görkezgiç

indifference   biperwaÿlyk, perhaÿlyk

indifferent   biparh, biperwaÿ, parhsyz, perbaÿsyz

individual   January

Indonesian   indoneziÿaly^(r)

industrial   industrial^(r)

industrialize   industriala∫dyrmak^(r)

industrious   janypke∫

industry   industriÿa^(r), senagat

ineffective   netijesiz

inefficient   ÿeti∫iksiz

inept   nalajedeÿin

inept person   tamakin

inequality   deñsizlik

inescapable   alaçsyz

inevitability   alaçsyzlyk

inexpensive   arzan

inexperienced   jahyl

infection   infeksiÿa^(r)

infectious   ÿokanç, ÿokançly

infidel   kapyr

inflame   tata∫mak

inflammation   çisme, çi∫me

inflate   gübermek, çismek, çi∫irmek, pökretmek, çismek

inflated   ∫emallamak, ∫emallatmak

inflection   infleksiÿon^(r)

inflict harm   zarbykdyrmak

influence   täsir, täsir etmek

influential   täsirli

inform   ∫ugullamak, habar etmek, duÿdurmak, idemek

informal good-bye   ho∫

information   informasiÿa^(r), informasiÿon^(r), izwe∫eniÿe, derek

informative   manyly, derekli

ingratiate   ÿalym-ÿulumetmek

inhabited area   mekan

inherit   miras almak

inheritance   miras

initial   ilkinji, ilki

initially   bada, ilkibada, ilkiba∫da

initiative   inisiatiwa^(r)

injection   ukol^(r)

injure   kesdirmek

injuries   öÿke-kine

injury   öÿke

injustice   adalatsyzlyk

ink   syÿa

ink cartrige   sterzhen^(r)

inlay   ga∫lamak

inlayed stones   ga∫

inlet   bogaz

inner region   içeri

innocence   bigünälik, ÿazyksyzlyk

innocent   bigünä, ÿazyksyz, günäsiz

innovation   täzelikçilik

innovator   täzelikçi

innumerable   egsilmez

inoculate   peÿwent etmek

inquire   çintgemek, hötde gelmek, çaramak

inquire about   eÿgermek

insect   möjek

insects   mör-möjek

insecure   aljyraññy, müñkür

insensibly   ogrynça

insert   sokmak

inside   iç, içeri, içinde, çöwre

insides   içerik, içerki

insignificant   ujypsyz

inspect   esetmek

inspection   inspeksiÿa^(r)

inspector   inspektor^(r)

inspiration   ruhubelentlik, ylham

inspire   gunu∫mak, ruhlandyrmak, ganatlandyrmak

inspired   ruhubelent

installation   montaA^(r)

instant   lampa, maÿ

instantaneous   ÿalpa

instead of   deregine

institute   institut^(r)

institution   edara

instruct   öwretmek

instruction   instruksiÿa^(r), tälim, wagyz-nesihat

instructor   instruktor^(r)

instrument   gural, esbap

instruments   abzallar

insufficient   ÿetmezçilik

insulate   çetle∫dirmek

insulated   çetle∫mek

insult   kine, nadyllyk

insurance   strahowanie^(r)

intact   abat, sazlamak, saz

intactness   abatlyk

integral   integral^(r)

integrated plant   kombinat^(r)

integrity   ar-namys

intellectual   akyldar

intelligence officer   razwedkaçy^(r)

intelligent   intelligent^(r)

intend   hyÿallanmak, niÿetlemek

intended for   üçin

intense   gyzgalañly, dartgynly, gyzgyn

intensify   gyzdyrmak, güÿjemek

intensity   gyzgynlyk

intention   hyÿal, niÿet, päl, pygyl

intercept   gabatlamak

interchange   çal∫yk

intercity   ∫äherara

interest   höwes, meÿil, höwes, gyzyklandyrmak

interesting   gyzykly, hezil, täsirli

intermediary   araçy

international   halkara, intenasional^(r)

interrogation   sorag

interrupt   kesmek

intersect   kesi∫mek

interval   ara, interwal^(r), aralyk

intervention   interwensiÿa^(r)

interview   interwÿu^(r)

intestine   içege, iç

intimacy   ÿürekde∫lik

intimate   ÿürekde∫

intolerant   çydamsyz

intonation   intonasiÿa^(r)

intrepid   gaÿduwsyz

introduce   tanalmak, tany∫dyrmak

introduction   giri∫, söz

invade   zabt etmek

invalid   inwalid^(r), maÿyp

invent   oÿlap tapmak, tos-toslamak

inventor   inwentor^(r), oÿlap tapyjy

inventory   uçÿot^(r)

investigative   ideg-sorag

investment   goÿum

invincible   ÿeñilmez

invitation   çagary∫, çakylyk

invite   çagarmak, çagyrmak

involuntarily   bialaç

involuntary   biygtyÿar

Irish   irlandiÿaly

iron   ütüklemek^(r), demir, (for clothing) ütük^(r)

ironic   kinaÿaly

ironical   kinaÿaly

irony   kinaÿa

irreplacable   tapylgysyz

irreproachable   birkemsiz, kemsiz

irrigate   joÿalmak

irrigation ditch   joÿa

irritate   gyjynmak

island   ada

isolate   çetle∫dirmek

isolation   izolÿasion^(r), izolÿasiÿa^(r)

isolator   izolÿator^(r)

issuance   ne∫ir

it   ol

it can be   meger

Italian   italÿan

itch   giji, gikilewik

itch oneself   süÿkenmek

J

ivy   çyrma∫yk

jab   çommaltmak

jabber   jedirdemek

jack   ∫tepsel^(r)

jackal   ∫agal

jackdaw   zakyja

jacket   jilt, penjek

jam/jelly   mürepbe

jam in   dykmak

jangles   düwme

Japan   ÿaponiÿa

Japanese   ÿapon

jar   banka^(r)

jealous   gabanjañ

jealousy   görübilmezçilik

jeer   syrtartmak

jeren   jeren

jester   masgarabaz

jeweler   zergär

jingle   ∫yññyrdy, ∫añlamak, ∫aññyrdamak, ∫yññyrdamak, tiññirdemek, tiññirdetmek, tiññirdi, düññürdemek

jog   gezer

join   baglamak, sepi∫mek, seplemek

joined   baglaÿjy

joint   baglany∫yk, sepgit, tikin

joke   degi∫mek

joke around   bälçire∫mek

joker   degi∫gen, wä∫i

jokingly   wä∫i

jolt or shake   siltemek

journal   £urnal^(r)

journalist   £urnalist^(r)

journey   syÿahat, sapar, syÿahat

joy   begenç, ∫atlyk, ÿagtylyk

joyful   ho∫wagt, ∫at, ∫atlykly, ∫üweleñ

joyfully   ∫üweleñli

jubilee   ÿubileÿ^(r)

judge   sudÿa

jug   küÿze

juggler   £onglÿor^(r)

juggling   £onglÿorlyk^(r)

juice   ∫ire

July   iÿul

jump   bökmek, towusmak

jump out   zomp edip çykak

jumpy   göçgünli

junction   uzel^(r)

June   iÿun

jungle   jeññel

junk   köne-kü∫ül

jury   £ÿori^(r)

just   halal, hut, la, adalatly, ynsaply

just as   dessine, misli

just like   ∫eÿle, tüÿs

just now   ÿañyja

just so   keÿpine

just the opposite   gaÿta

justice   adalatlylyk, ynsap

juvenile   kiçi, ÿetginjek

K

Kazahk   Gazak, kazak

kebob   kebap

kebob restaurant   kebaphana

keenness   eserdeñlik

keep   tutmak, saklamak

keep at a distance   gaça durmak

keep house   eÿelik etmek

keep quiet   jyñkyny çykarmazlk

keep a secret   lak bolmak

kerosene   nebit

key   açar, çe∫me

kick   depmek

kid   çebis

kidney   böwrek, pyntyk

kidney beans   noÿba

kids   çaga-çuga

kill   gyrmak, öldürmek, gyrylmak

kilogram   kilogram^(r)

kilometer   kilometr^(r)

kin   asyl

kind   paty∫a, sort^(r)

kindergarden   çagalar bagy

kindergarten primer   harplyk

king   ∫a

kiosk   kiosk^(r)

Kirghiz   gyryz

kisel   kisel

kiss   öpü∫, og∫amak, öpmek, öpmek

kiss each other   öpüçmek, og∫a∫mak

kitchen   kuhnÿa

knapsack   go∫torba

knead   mynçgamak, ÿuwgurmak, eÿlemek

knee   dyz, tirsek

kneecap   çanak

kneel   çökermek, çöke dü∫mek

knife   pyçak, pyçaklamak

knit   örmek, i∫mek, örmek

knit the browns   çytmak

knock   ∫arkyldy, tyrkyldy, çakny∫mak, ∫arkyldamak, tarkyldamak, tarkyldatmak, tarsuldamak, taÿaklamak, tykyrdatmak, tyrkyldamak, tyrkyldatmak, tykyrdamak, kakmak

knock down   ÿykmak

knocking   tarkyldy

knoll   depe

knot   syrma, çitim, düwmek

know   bilmek

know deeply   ele almak

know somebody   tanamak

know-how   ussatlyk

know-nothing   ählepus

knowledgeable   dü∫ünjeli, bilimli

knowledge   añ-bilim, bilim, ylym

known   mälim, tany∫

known person   tany∫

Kremlin   kreml^(r)

kurd   kürt

L

labor   zähmet

laboratory   laboratoriÿa^(r)

laboratory worker   laborant^(r)

lace   bagjyk, bag, köjemek

lacerate   tüÿt-müÿt etmek

lack   kemlik, köst

lacquer   lak^(r), laklamak

lactate   ÿelin gozgamak

ladder   merdiwan

ladel   güÿgüç

ladle   çolpy, susak

lair   süren

lake   köl

lamb   guzy, tokly

lame   agsak

lament   ahmyr etmek, ahmyr, çygyrmak

lamp   çyra, lampa^(r)

land   ÿurt, ülke, ÿer, tarap, toprak, gonmak

land a plane   gondyrmak, pessaÿlamak

landmark   çelgi

landscape   landshaft^(r), peÿa^(r)

language   dil

lank   takyr

lap   etek

large   çi∫ik, esli

larynx   kekirdek

lashes   pazyl

last   ahyrky, ahyryn, öten, gutarnykly, soñky

lastest   ter

latch onto   tirkemek

late   giç, giçki

late afternoon   ikindin

later   soñ, soñra

latest   täze

lathe   tokar^(r)

latitude (geographical)   giñlik

lattice   gözenek

laugh   hykyrdy, gülmek, jakyrdamak, jykyrdamak, (of large groups) gülü∫mek, (loudly) pakyrdamak

laughing stock   oÿnatgy

laughter   gülki, jakyrdy

launch   kater

lavish   adyl, jomart

lavishness   jomartlyk

law   kanun, wesÿet

lawless   bikanun, kanunsyz

lawlessness   kanunsyzlyk

lawyer   aklawçy

lay   pollamak, ÿerle∫dirmek

lay down   ÿazmak

lay down arms   ÿaragsyzlanmak

lay eggs   ÿumurtgalamak

layer   gat, gatlak, topar, ÿokundy

layered   gatlakly

laziness   ÿaltalyk

lazy   çaman, ezenek, ÿaltanmak, ÿalta

lazybones   bihepbe

lead   ÿazlamak, rejelemek, timarlamak, alyn

lead (metal)   gur∫un

leader   serdar, ÿolba∫çy

leadership   ÿolba∫çylyk

leaf   ÿaprak

leak   syrykmak, dökmek

lean   ÿanamak, hor, gy∫armak, söÿemek, ÿaplamak

lean against   ÿaplanmak

lean on one's elbows   ÿassanmak

lean over   abanmak

leanse   saplamak

leap   towusmak, pyñkyrmak, señkildemek

leap off   indermek

learn   öwrenmek, öwrenmek

learning   tälim, taglymat

leash   örk, örklemek

leather   gaÿy∫, gön, deri, teletin

leather bag   sanaç

leave   çykmak

leave behind   öñürtmek

leaven   gor, maÿa

leavening   hamyrmaÿa, hamyrtur∫y

lecture   pent

ledge   kert

leech   sülük

leeward   ÿele, yk

left   çep

left side   çep

left-behind   galak

left-handed person   çepbekeÿ

left-over   galak

leftovers   galak-galçak

leg   aÿak

leg-wrappings   dolak

legal   kanuny

legality   kanunlylyk, kanunylyk

legalize   resmile∫dirmek, kanunla∫dyrmak

legend   rowaÿat

leggy   aÿakly

legibility   çümhöreklik

legible   çümhörek

legitimacy   kanunlylyk, kanunylyk

legitimate   kanuny

legitimize   kanunla∫dyrmak

leguminous   kösükli

length   dowan, uzaklyk, uzynlyk

lengthen   uzaltmak

lengthy   dowanly

Leo (zodiac sign)   ∫ir

lessen   azalmak

lesson   sapak

let down   myssarmak

let escape   sypdyrmak

let fall   gaçyrmak

let go   sypdyrmak, goÿbermek

let in   girizmek, hekgermek

let loose   gaçyrmak

letter   hat, hat

level   tekje, endiganlamak

liar   aldawçy, ÿalançy

libel   myjabat

liberal   jomart

liberalness   jomartlyk

library   kitaphana

license   ygtyÿar, ∫aÿatnama

lick one's lips   tam∫anmak

lickspittle   ÿaranjañ

lid   pokry∫ka^(r)

lie   çypdyrma, aldaw, aldamak, çä∫ermek

lie down   uzanmak, ÿatmak

life   durmu∫, güzeran, ömür, ömür, ÿa∫aÿy∫, January, mydar

life-long companion   hemra

lifeless   jansyz

lifelong   ömürlik

lifting   kötel

light   ÿagtylyk, ÿeñil, ÿylpyldy, y∫yk, röw∫en

light/sky blue   mawy

lightbulb   lampoçka^(r)

lighten   ÿeñletmek

lighter   ÿeñlemek, ÿeñle∫mek

lightheartedness   wä∫ilik

lightly dressed   çyplak, çyplañ

lightning   ÿyldyrym

lightning strike   ÿyldyrym çakmak

lightwited   ÿeñilkelle

like   kimin, misli, ÿaly, tüÿsli, ∫ekilli, gowy görmek, halamak, pisint oturmak, ÿaramak

like (one another)   hala∫mak

like a seizure   kakynly

like that   ∫eÿle, hol

like-minded   pikerde∫

liken   meñzetmet

likeness   meñzeçlik

limb   çlen^(r)

lime   hek

limit   het

limitless   çäksiz

limp   agsamak

line   çyzyk, setir, trassa^(r), hatar

line up   setilemk

linen   polotno^(r)

linger   haÿal-ÿagallyk etmek, täsgenmek, ykmak

lining   ÿagyrniçlik

lion   arslan, ÿolbars

lip   dodak

liquid   ÿuwan, suwuk, suwuklyk

liquify   zaÿleek

list   tablisa, ugur

listen   diñlemek, diñleÿmek

listen attentively   gulak asmak, gulak salmak

listen to   diñ∫irgemek

listener   diñleÿji

literacy   sowat

literal   harma-harp

literary   edebi

literate   sowatly, sowatly

literature   edebiÿat

litter   zibil

little   az, ownuk, u∫ak

little bells   düwme

little book   depderçe

little brother   ini

little bunny   çeb∫ek

little by little   az-azdan, gitdigiçe

little cakes   piro£ny^(r)

little children   oglan-uçak

little cup   pyÿalu∫ka

little dictionary   sözlüklik

little finger   külembibi

little knot   düwünçek

little rascal   bezzat

little slice   gyñak

live   ÿa∫amak

live coals   köz

lively   janly

liver   bagyr

livestock   mal, dowar

livestock breeding   maldarçylyk

living   ÿa∫aÿy∫

living quarters   mesgen

lizard   as, ha££uk, kelpeze, suwulgan

load   ÿük, zarÿadlamak, oklamak

load up   ÿüklemek

loaded   ÿükli

loader   ÿükçi

loading   zarÿadka^(r)

loaf around   ykmak

loam   laÿ, toÿun

loamy   toÿunsow

loan   zaÿom^(r)

lobby   foÿe^(r)

local   orunly, oturymly, ÿerli

located   ÿerle∫mek

location   esgerlik

lock   gulp, gulplamak, petilemek

locust   çekirtge

log   naw

loiter   kañkamak

lone   ÿeke

loneliness   aÿralyk

long   ösgün, uzyn, tukatlanmak, uzak

long ago   birçak, häli, köpden

long for   çygylmak, ymtylmak

long-distance   ∫äherara

long-lasting   pugta

longitude   uzynlyk, uzaklyk

look   görnü∫, kysym, nazar, ke∫p, garaÿy∫, köw salmak

look after   seretmek

look around   garanjaklamak

look at   esetmek, äñetmek, seretmek

look for   eklemek, agtarmak, selpemek

look for someone   indemek

look like   meñzemek

look over   añkarmak, äñetmek

loom   stanok^(r), hellewlemek

loop   halka, petle^(r)

loose   ÿum∫ak

loosen   çözmek, ÿum∫amak

looseness   ÿum∫aklyk

lose   basylmak, utdurmak, ÿitirmek

lose a game   ÿeñilmek, utulmak

lose energy   ysgynsyzlanmak

lose weight   iglemek

loss   ÿitgi, yrÿa

lot   bije, ülü∫, täleÿ

lottery   lotereÿa^(r)

loud   çasly, ∫owhunly

love   mähir, söÿgi, y∫k, söÿmek

love of work   jepake∫lik, i∫jeñlik

love one another   söÿü∫mek

lover of the wild   hyrdar

lover of work   i∫jeñ

low   çöket, çör, pes

low-life   a∫aky

lower   çöket, a∫aklamak, myssarmak, sallamak, ÿazdyrmak

lower jaw   äñ

lowering   eña∫ak

lowlands   çöketlik

luck   bagt

lucky   mañlaÿly, ho∫bagt

lull   huwwalamak, hü££ermek, hüwdülemek

lullaby   hüwdi

lump   kesek, lokga, döwüm

lunch   günortanlyk nahar

lung   öÿken, öÿken

lungs   bagyr-öÿken

lurch   çaÿkanmak

lustre   lowurdy, ÿalpyldy

lye   a∫gar

M

ma'am   daÿza

machete   çalgy

machine   ma∫inka^(r), ma∫yn

machine gun   pulemÿot^(r)

machinery)   köneltmek

machinist   ma∫inist^(r)

machmaker   sawçy

mad   guduz, telbe

made of   edilen

magazine   £urnal^(r)

magic   jady

magician   jadygöÿ

magnet   magnit^(r)

magnify   ulalmak

magpie   alahekik

mail   poçta

mailman   poçtalon^(r)

mainland   materik

maintenance   mazmun, saklaÿy∫

majestic   belent

major   maÿor^(r)

make   marka^(r), ÿasamak, hars, etmek

make a bed   gowlamak

make a bet   jedel etmek

make a call   jyññyrdatmak

make a case   delillendirmek

make a fist   ÿumruklamak

make a fuss   izzildemek

make a hole   de∫mek

make a hole in   köwmek

make a noise   gyk-bak etmek, ∫agyrdamak, ∫aggyldamak

make a pact   wadala∫mak

make a place home   ÿerlemek

make a speech   çyky∫ etmek

make a stop   duruzmak, dü∫lemek

make a tool   abzalla∫dyrmak

make a trade   söwda etmek

make accurate   sazlamak

make acquaintance   tany∫mak

make an abstract of   kospektirlemek^(r)

make an agreement   razyla∫mak

make an effort   emgemek

make an incision   kertmek

make an indistinct noise   dükürdemek

make an offer   teklip etmek

make angry   gaharjandyrmak, gazaplandyrmak

make at home   jaÿla∫dyrmak

make beautiful   owadanlamak

make better   gowulandyrmak, gowula∫mak

make black   garaltmak

make bulging   ÿepbe∫dirmek

make clear   subut etmek, anyklamak, aÿdyñla∫dyrmak

make deeper   çukuralmak, çuñalmak

make dry   kakatmak

make even   deñlemek

make fine   irlemek

make glassy   aÿnalamak

make haste   alñasamak

make hay   siloslamak

make hooked   gañrylamak

make it to   gowu∫mak

make in time   ÿeti∫mek

make known   bellenmek, bildirmek

make larger   ulaltmak

make laugh   güldürmek

make merry   bälçiremek

make more frequent   ÿygjamlatmak

make more profuse   çukuralmak

make muddy   palçykyldamak

make noise   gykylyklamak, wagyrdamak

make old   garratmak

make oneself useful   peÿdalanmak

make a sign   belgilemek

make peaceful   parahatlanmak

make smaller   u∫atmak

make someone content   kanagatlandyrmak

make someone wait   gara∫dyrmak

make someone work   i∫letmek

make someone insecure   aljyratmak

make something better   oñatlandyrmak

make something crumble   owratmak

make something drip   sarkyrmak

make something rhyme   kapyÿala∫dyrmak

make specific   konkretle∫dirmek^(r)

make stand   turuzmak

make still   durlamak, arkaÿynlamak

make thin   inçeltmek

make up   ylala∫mak, ÿara∫mak

make up one's mind   karara gelmek

make use of   haÿyrlanmak

make weak   gow∫atmak

make well   abadanla∫dyrmak

make yellow   saralmak

make-up   grim^(r), kosmetika^(r), düzüm

malaria   gyzzyrma, ysytma

male nurse   sanitar^(r)

malevolent   betniet, betpäl

malfunction   kelleba∫aÿak

malice   hyÿanat

malicious   gyñyr, hyrsyz

mallet   tokmak

man   erkek, adam

man of letters   edebiÿatçy

manage   oñarmak, beÿemçilik etmek, dolandyrmak, edara etmek

management   dolandyrys, uprawleniÿe^(r), prowlenie^(r)

manager   beÿemçi, uprawleniÿaÿu∫∫i£^(r), müdir

mandarin   mandarin

mandatory   hökman

maneuver   manÿowr^(r)

manger   ÿasli^(r)

mangle   typançan, taÿgançak

mangy   kel, gotur

manly   mert

manner   edähet, usul, tär

manure   dökün

manuscript   golÿazma

many   ençeme, köp

many-floored   gatbar-gatbar

map   karta

March   mart^(r)

march   ÿörü∫, ädimlemek

marching   nyzam

mare   baÿtal

mark   häsiÿetlendirmek, alamat, baha, ny∫an, teÿdar, habar, ny∫ana

marketable   ÿörgünli

marking   teÿdar

marksman   mergen

marksmanship   mergenlik

marriage   nika

married (of a girl)   durmu∫a çykan

married couple   är-aÿal

marry   nikala∫mak

marry (of a girl)   durmu∫a çykmak

marsh   süÿge∫iklik

marshall   marçal^(r)

marshy (adj.)   süÿge∫ik

martial law   harby ÿagdaÿ

martyr   ejir, ezÿet

marvel   gudrat

marvelous   täsin

marxism   marksizm^(r)

marxism-leninism   marksizm-leninizm^(r)

marxist   marksistik^(r)

mask   maska^(r)

masquerade   maskarad^(r)

mass   köpçülik, massa^(r), jisim, töp

mass death   gyrgyn

mass meeting   miting^(r)

massage   massaA^(r), owkalamak

mast   bogaldak

master   senetçi, senetçilik, ussa, ÿasaÿjy, halypa, hojaÿyn, ussat, özle∫dirmek, türgenle∫mek

mastery   çeperçilik, çeperlik, ussaçylyk, ussatlyk

match   otluçöp, kükürt, döw

matchmaker   sawçylar

material   maddy, material^(r), materiÿa^(r)

materialism   materializm^(r)

materialistic   materialistik^(r)

math   tangens^(r)

mathematical   matematiki^(r)

mathematics   matematika^(r)

matt   öçügsi

matted   öçgün

matter   i∫, jisim, madda, materiÿa^(r), i∫

mattress   dü∫ekçe

mature   önmek

maturity   ÿet∫enlik

mausoleum   mawzoleÿ^(r)

may   mümkin

May   maÿ

may peace be upon you   salawmaleÿkim

mayor   häkim

me   men, lälezar, lälezarlyk, çemen

meal   bi∫-du∫, çaÿ-çörek, nahar

mean   ÿakymsyz, diÿmek2, niÿetlemek

mean-spirited   gaharly

meaning   ähmiÿet, many

meaningless   batnyksyz, bolgusyz

means   eklenç, seri∫de, tär

meanwhile   häzirlikçe

measure   çak, ölçeg, çen, ölçemek, ölçemek

measurement   ölçeÿi∫

meat   et

meatpie   somsa^(r)

meaty   etli

mechanic   mehanik^(r), ma∫inist^(r)

mechanical drawing   çertÿor^(r)

mechanics   mahanika^(r)

mechanism   mehanizm^(r)

mechanization   mehanizasiÿa^(r)

mechanize   mehanizmleçdirmek^(r)

medal   medal^(r), £eton^(r)

medical assistant   feldsher^(r)

medicine   derman, em, medisina^(r)

meditate on   diñir genmek

meekness   ÿuwa∫lyk

meet   görü∫mek, gar∫yldamak, uçramak, du∫ gelmek, du∫mak, du∫u∫mak, tany∫mak, görmek, gar∫y, tany∫ bolmak

meet someone   sata∫mak, ÿolukmak

meeting   du∫u∫yk, oturyly∫yk, barly∫yk

melancholy    tukatlyk

melodiousness   labyz

melody   labyz, mukam, heñ

melon   gawun

melonfield   bakja

melt   eremek

member   agza, çlen^(r)

membership   çlenlik

membrane   perde

memorial ceremony   aÿat

memory   hakyda, hu∫, ÿadygär

menace   haÿbat

mend   düz etmek, ÿamamak

mental   ruhy

mention someone else   agzamak

menu   menÿu^(r)

meow   mawlamak

mercantilism   nebisjeñlik, nebsewürlik

merchant   söwdager, söwdagar

merciful   geçirimli

mercury   simap

meridian   meridian^(r)

merit   hyzmat, mertebe

merlin   gyrgy

merrily   ∫ähdaçyk, ∫üweleñli

merriment   ∫adyÿanlyk, ∫agalañ

merry   bälçik, sapaly, ∫adyÿan, ∫üweleñ, ho∫wagt, mes, ∫agalañly, ∫oh

message   tab∫yryk, maglumat, sargyt

metal   metal^(r)

metallurgy   metallurgiÿa^(r)

meter   metr^(r)

method   metod^(r), tär, usul

methodical   metodik^(r)

methodist (one who is skilled in methodologies)   metodist^(r)

methods   metodika^(r)

microbe   mikrob^(r)

microphone   mikrofon^(r)

microscope   mikroscop^(r)

middle   ara, orta, ortaky, ortanjy

middle-sized   aralyk

midnight   ÿary gije

might   kuwwat

mighty   äpet

mild   tultuk, myssyk

militancy   söwe∫lyk

militant   söwe∫jen

militarize   harbyla∫dyrmak

military   harby

military service   go∫unçylyk

militia   milisiÿa^(r)

milk   süÿt, süÿt, sagmak

milkmaid   sagymçy

milky   süÿtli

mill   degirmen, haraz

millet   dary

millimeter   millimetr^(r)

million   million^(r)

mimic   öÿkünmek

mince   eljiremek

mind   akyl, añ, kelle, ÿürek, ÿat

mine   ∫ahta^(r)

miner   ∫ahtaçy^(r), ∫ahtÿor^(r)

mineral   mineral^(r)

minister   ministr^(r)

ministry   ministrlik^(r)

mint   narpyz, çekankalamak, çyrpmak

minty   narpyzly

minus sign   minus^(r)

minute   minut^(r), külke, maÿda

minutely   jikme-jik

miracle   gudrat

mirage   sagym, salgym

mirror   aÿna

mischief   betlik

misconstrue   ÿoÿmak

miser   gysganç

miserly   gysganç

misfortune   betbagtlyk

misinformed   bihabar

mispronounce   pelteklemek

mispronunciation   peltek

miss   myçmak, sypdyrmak, ÿürek gysmak

miss someone   intizar bolmak

missed   sowa

mission   tab∫yryk, missiÿa^(r)

missle   snaÿard

mist   çigrek, duman

mistake   ÿalñy∫

mistaken   telek

misty   dumanly

mix   bulamak, gary∫dyrmak, gatmak

mix in   gary∫dyrmak

mix up   ÿalñy∫dyrmak, bula∫dyrmak

mix with   garmak

mixed   gary∫yk

mixed up   duk, çola∫mak

moan   hyklamak, nala, nalamak, iñlemek, izzildemek

mob   üÿ∫meleñ

mobile   göçme

mobilization   mobilizasiÿa^(r)

mobilize   mobilizlemek^(r)

model   göredeli, model^(r), marka^(r)

moderate   maÿdal

moderately   aram

modern   häzirki, täze

modest   kiçigöwünli

modification   üÿtge∫iklik

modify   üÿtgetmek

moist   çygly, çygly, çig, nemli, ∫alpy-∫arañ

moisten   ezmek, ezilmek

moistness   çyglyk

moisture   çyg, nem, yzgar, zeÿ

moisturize   zaÿleek

molasses   to∫ap

Moldovan   moldowan

mole   täç

molecular   molekulÿar

molecule   molekula

moment   lampa, maÿ, pursat

momentarily   ∫apba

momentary   ÿalpa, minutlyk^(r)

Monday   du∫enbe

money   pul

Mongol   mongol

monkey   maÿmyn

monotonous   birhili

monster   gorkunç

monstrous person   ganhor

month   aÿ

monthly   aÿlyk

monument   monument^(r), ÿadygärlik

monumental   monumental^(r)

moo   molamak

mood   tap, ∫äht

moon   aÿ, aÿdyñ

moonlit   aÿdyñ

moral   moral^(r), ahlak

morality   moral^(r)

morals   moral^(r)

morbidity   ÿarawsyzlyk

more than   gowrak

morning   ertir, irden

morsel   tike

mortar   minomÿot^(r)

Moslem   musulman

mosque   metjit

mosquito   aÿakçy, çirkeÿ, çybyn

most   iñ

most of the time   galapyn

moth   güe, çirkeÿ

mother   eje

motherhood   ejelik

mother tongue   ene dili

motor   motor^(r), dwigatel^(r)

motorcyle   motosikl^(r)

motorized water pump   skwazhina^(r)

motorship   teplohod^(r)

mount   münmek

mountain   dag

mountain passage   ötelgesi

mountain-dweller   dagly

mourn   gam cekmek, zarynlamak

mournful   zaryn, naly∫ly

mouse   syçan, syçan

moustache   murt

moustached   murtly

mouth   agyz

mouth harp   gopuz

mouthful   atagzy

move   göç, tigirlenmek, togalanmak, yrgyldamak, butnamak, göçmek, hereket etmek, herketlendirmek, süÿ∫mek, süÿü∫mek

move oneself   gozganmak

move something   gozgamak

move something   göçürmek, süÿ∫ürmek

move away from   uzakla∫mak

move backward   gaÿralmak

move forward   ilerlemek, süÿü∫mek

movement   gatnaw, hereket, gadam

much   kän, köp, uly

mucus   nem

mud   kir, palçyk, batga, çor, çyr∫ak, hapa, lüÿk

muddle   ÿalñy∫dyrmak

muddy   kirli

mulberry   tut

mule   gatyr

mule saddle   gañña

mull over   ikirjinlemek

mullah   molla

multi-colored   reñbe-reñ, (2 colors) ala, (3 or more colors) alabeder

multilateral   köptaraply

multiply   artdyrma, köpeltmek

mumble   samramak, sarnamak

mumblings   samyrdy

municipal   kommunal^(r)

Murat   gezdirmek

murderer   ganhor

murmur   ∫illirdi, hümürdemek, ∫illirdemek, ∫irrildemek, ∫yrlamak

museum   muzeÿ^(r)

mushroom   kömelek

music   saz

music bow   kemençe

musical   sazly, saz

musician   sazanda, sazandar

Muslim   musulman

mustard   gorçitsa^(r)

musucianship   sanandarlyk

mute   sessiz, lal

muteness   lallyk

mutilation   ∫ikes

mutineer   gozgalañçy

mutiny   pitne, topalañ

mutter   hümürdemek, samramak, sarnamak

mutterings   samyrdy

mutual   özara

mutual aid   arkala∫yk

mutual respect   syla∫yk

muzzle   tum∫uk

myself   özüm

mysterious   syrly, syrly

mystery   syr, syr, tilsim

N

nail   çüÿ, çüÿlemek, (metal) myh, (finger or toe) dyrnak

naive   mön

naked   ÿalanaç

name   atlandyrmak

named after   adyñdaky

namely   atlaÿyn, atly

namesake   atda∫

nana   eneke

napkin   salfetka^(r)

narrow   atÿuzli, dar

nasty   nejis

nation   millet, halk, ÿurt

national   milli

nationality   halkylyk, halkyÿet, osetin, raÿat, millet

nationwide   ählihalk, umumyhalk

native   süÿtde∫

natural   tebigy, kanuny

naturalist   naturalist^(r)

naturally formed bakja   oÿtak

nature   tabigat

naught   nol^(r)

near   duldeg∫ir, ÿakyn, golaÿ

nearly   tas

neat   rejeli

necessary   derkar, gerek, gerekli, zerur, hökman, möhüm

necessity   hökmany

neck   boÿun

necklace   monjuk

necktie   galstuk^(r)

need   hajat, zerurlyk, hal-ahwal, mätäç bolmak, (dire need) mätäçlik

needed   gerek, gerekli

needle   iññe, iññe

needy   mätäç

negative   otrisatel

neglect   äsgermezçilik, äsgermezlik, harlamak

negotiate   wadala∫mak

negotiated   geple∫ik

negotiation(s)   geple∫ikler

negotiations   geple∫ik

neigh   ki∫ñemek

neighbor   goñ∫y, goñ∫y-golan

neighborhood   töwerek

neighboring   goñ∫y

neighborly   duldeg∫ir

nephew   ÿegen

nerve   nerw^(r), damar

nest   höwürtge, höwürtge, öÿjük

net   setka^(r), tor

neutral   bitarap

neutrality   bitaraplyk

new   täze

new thing   täzelik

newlyweds   çatynja = täze çatynja

newness   täzelik

news   habar, hat-habar, täzelik

newspaper   gazet^(r)

next   golaÿ, indiki, nobatdaky, nobatky, indi, höwürtgelemek

next time   indikile

nibble   gemirmek

nice   görkana, görmegoÿ, ÿakymly, gözel, mylaÿym

nickel   ∫aÿylyk, ∫aÿy

nickname   lakam

niece   ÿegen, ÿegençi

night   gije

nightingale   bilbil

nightmare   garabasma

nightsoil   dökün

nimble   ÿüwrük

nine   dokuz

ninety   togsan

ninth   dokuzynjy

nintieth   toganynjy

nitrogen   azot^(r)

no   ÿok, däl

no one   yns-jyns

no-good   warak

noble   asylly

noise   galmagal, goh, gopgun, gykylyk, jenjel, ∫aggyldy, wagyr, zenzele, ∫agyrdy, ses, ∫owhun

noisy   galmagally, ∫owhunly, sesli

nomad   çarwa

nomadic camp   göç

nominate   bellenmek

nomination   bellenme

non-stop   dyngysyz, dynman

noodle soup   una∫

nook   çüñk

noon   günortan

noose   hepbik, syrma

norm   norma^(r)

normal   adatça, normal^(r), kadaly

north   demirgazyk

northeast   gaÿra, demirgazyk-gündogar

northwest   demirgazyk-günbatar

nose   burun

not   däl

not a soul   gum-gulluk

not at all   teÿ

not bad   ganymat

not far   golaÿda

not full   gowuz

not long ago   golaÿda, häli

not on good terms   jet

not peaceful   oñ∫uksyz

not present   ÿok

not understandable   dü∫nüksiz

not very   onçakly

not well   näho∫

not well thought out   oÿlany∫yksyz

notable   tanymal

notary   notarius^(r)

note   habar, hat, (diplomatic or musical) nota^(r)

notebook   depder

notepad   bloknot^(r)

nothing   hiç, yns-jyns

notice   gara∫yk

notification   habardar

notion   dü∫ünje, termin^(r)

nourish   iÿmitlendirmek

nourishment   iÿmit

novel   roman^(r)

November   noÿabr^(r)

novice   öwrenje

now   häzir, häzir, indi, ∫indi

now then   ÿa

now and then   aram-aram

nuclear   ÿadro^(r)

nucleus   özen

numb   sömelmek

number   nomer^(r), san, san, sifr^(r), mukdar, nomerlemek^(r)

nurse   emdirmek, naharlamak

nursery   ∫itilhana

nut   hoz

O

oar   kürek

oasis   oÿlyk

oat flour   talhan

oath   ant, kasam

oats   süle

obesity   semizlik

object   obÿekt^(r), predmet^(r), gar∫y cykmak

objective   obÿektiw^(r)

obligatory   hökmany

oblique   gyÿa, çasy

obliterate   ÿegsan etmek

oblong   süÿnmek, süÿri

obscure   büremek

obscurity   tüm, tümlük

obsenity   sögünç

observe   syn etmek, synlamak

observe a ceremony   dabaralanmak

obstacle   garsylyk, gar∫ylyk

obstacles   päsgelçilik

obstinacy   keçlik, kesirlik

obstinance   tutanÿerlik

obstinate   dikdü∫di, höçjet, keç, keçjal, kejir, kesir, ketje, tutanÿerli

obstruct   bökdemek, germemek

obstruction   bökdenç, germew

obtuse   keçje, tünt

obvious   anyk, aÿan, aÿyl-saÿyl, göz-görtele, ä∫gär, görnetin, aÿdyñ

obviously   mese-mälim

obviousness   ä∫gärlik

occasion   säwlik

occasionally   çendan

occupation   okkupasiÿa^(r), hünär, senet

occupied   me∫gul

occupy   okkupirlemek

occur without help   öz-özünden

occurence   hadysa, hekaÿat

ocean   deñiz, okean^(r)

October   oktÿabr

odd   bitaÿ, dagynyk

odd (in number)   täk

odor   ys

oesophagus   ödek

of course   elbetde

offence   nadyllyk, öÿke

offences   öÿke-kine

offend   göwnüne degmek

offended   öÿkeli, kineli, nadyl

offense   etmi∫, kine

offer   teklip, hödürlemek

office   edara, kanselÿariÿa^(r), kontor^(r), tipografiÿa^(r)

officer   ofiser^(r)

officer's mess   ofiserlik

official   resmi, gerbli

offshoot   golçur

often   aglaba, ÿygy-ÿygydan

oh   hä

oh, yes   hä

oh!   eÿ-waÿ, wiÿ

oh! gosh!   wah

oh! oh boy!   waÿ

oil   nebit, ÿaglamak, (cooking) ÿag

oil worker   nebitçi

oilcloth   kleÿonka^(r)

oily   ÿagly

okay   bolÿar, adatça, ho∫

old   baÿry, garry, goja, köne

old age   garrylyk

old person   garry

old things   köne-kü∫ül

old woman   kempir

older   eÿmenç, ekabyr

older brother   aga

olive   zeÿtin

olympiad   olimpiada^(r)

olympics   spartakiÿada^(r)

omission   propusk^(r)

on   boÿunça

on a diet   berhizli

on an empty stomach   ajöze

on end   syn-syn

on hand   nagt

on purpose   bilge∫leÿin

on the contrary   tersine

on the part of   babatda

on top   ÿokary, atlaÿyn

onlooker   toma∫açy

once   birwagt

once again   täzeçe, ÿama∫gan, ÿama∫gandan

once and for all   düÿpgöter, düÿpleÿin

once more   ÿene

one   bir, ÿekelik

one after the other   uçdantutma, yzly-yzynda

one and all   beÿikli-pesli

one and only   ÿeke-täk

one-blooded   ganybir

one by one   ÿeke-ÿeke

one day   günin

one hundred   ÿüzlük

one hundredth   ÿüzünji

one of   biri

one on one   ba∫a-ba∫

one way   gidi∫in

one-sided   birtaraplaÿyn

oneness   birlik, ÿekelik

onion   sogan

only   diñe, birlik, ÿeke

only a little   çala

onset   tutnak

onslaught   tutnak

open   aç, ä∫gär, açmak, hañlatmat

open wide   hañlatmat

open-hearted   göwnaçyk, mylakatly, akgöwünli

opening   açyly∫

openness   ä∫gärlik

opera   opera^(r)

operate   ÿagdaÿla∫mak

operation   operasiÿa^(r)

opinion   ekspertizia^(r), garaÿy∫, pikir

opposite   añry, tersine

opposition   gar∫ylyk

oppress   ÿanamak

oppression   sütem, zulum

or   ÿa, ÿada

or else   ÿogsa, bolmasa

orally   dilden

orange   mämi∫i

orbit   orbita^(r)

orbital   orbital^(r)

orchestra   orkestr^(r)

order   düzgün-tertip, düzgün-nyzam, höküm, narÿad, orden, tertip, tertip-düzgün, zakaz^(r), düzgün, buÿurmak, sargamak, sarmak

ordered   tertipli

ordering   düzgünnama

orderliness   ba∫ly-barat

orderly   düzüwli

ordinal numbers   tertip sanlar

ordinarily   köplenç

ordinary^(r)   rÿadowoÿ

ore   magdan

organ   organ

organic   organik^(r)

organism   organizm^(r), süu

organization   gurama

organize   saÿhalla∫dyrmak, çäklendirmek, horlanmak, guramak

organize a party   toÿlamak

organizer   guramaçy

origin   gelip çyky∫, gözba∫y

original   özbolu∫ly

originate   gelip çykmak

ornament   gül

orphan   ÿetim

orthographic   orfografik^(r)

orthography   orfografiÿa^(r)

oscillate   yrgyldatmak

oscillation   yrgyldy

ostrich   düÿegu∫

other   ba∫ga

other people's   keseki, kese

other things   ba∫ga zat

others   eÿleki

otherwise   ba∫gaça, ÿogsa

otter   gunduz

ouch!   eÿ-wäk, wäk

out (sports)   aut^(r)

out of control   ÿabany

out of reach   elÿeter

out of the wind   ÿele

out of tune   bozulan

out of whack   bozulan

outcry   haÿkylyk, närazyçylyk

outer   da∫ky, gyraky

outer space   kosmos^(r)

outfit   enjamla∫dyrmak

outline   kospekt^(r)

outline   sudur, ∫ekel

outlined   çäklenmek

outpost   zastawa^(r)

output   öndürijilik

outside   da∫ary, da∫ky

oval    süÿri

ovary   naÿça

over   üsta∫yr

over the top   ÿokarlygyna

over there   hanha, holha, honha

overalls   kombinezon^(r)

overcoat   palto^(r), ∫inel^(r)

overcrowded   pürepür

overfill   pürepürlemek

overflow   da∫mak, jo∫mak

overflowing   pürepür

overhear   diñ salmak, diñleÿmek

overmuch   agdyk

overnight   ÿatymlaÿyn

overstretch   gypjyndyrmak

overstuffed   ÿepbe∫ik

overtake   ozmak

overturn   öwrüli∫ik, çöwrülmek, agdarmak

overwhelmed   gama∫mak

owl   baÿgu∫

own   elin, süÿtde∫, eÿe bolmak

owner   eÿe

ownership   eÿeçilik, hojalyk

oxygen   kislorod^(r)

P

pace   depgip, ÿöri∫

pack   petde, gamla∫dyrmak

package   banderol^(r), gap, pedelemek

packed   dykyz

packet   paket^(r)

paddle   kürek, küreklemek

paendeky   päendeki

page   sahypa

pail   bedre, uÿluk

pain   horluk, hupbat, azar bermek, azar, yza

painful   yzaly

painfulness   ÿarawsyzlyk

paint   boÿag, reñk, boÿamak, reñklemek

painting   £iwopis^(r)

pair   taÿ

pairless   bitaÿ

pajamas   pijama^(r)

palace   kö∫k

pale   akÿuzli, mele, solgun, solgun

palm   aÿa

palm of hand   ∫apbat

palow (pilaf)   tüw

pan   taba

panacea   melhem

pancake   byzmyk

pane   çüÿ∫e

panic   dowul

panorama   panorama^(r)

pant   hyssyldamak, daljykmak

pants   balak, jalbar

paper   kagyz

parallel   ugurda∫

parcel   posulka^(r)

pardon   ÿalkamak

parents   ata-ene, ene-atalar

park   park^(r)

parlance   gep

parrot   toty

part   bölek, rol^(r), ülü∫, bölmek

partial   bölekleyin

participant   gatna∫yjy

participate in   gatna∫mak

participle   ortak

particular   hususan, aÿratyn, talapkär, üÿtge∫ik

particularly   ylaÿta

parting   ho∫lo∫yk

partisan   partisan^(r), ÿaran

partition   tuty

partner   hyzmatda∫

partridge   käkilik

parts   ∫aÿlar

party   oturyly∫yk, tapgyr, toÿ, (political) partiÿa^(r)

pass   putÿowka^(r), geçmek, gezmelemek

passage   geçelge, ötelge, olum

passenger   ÿolagçy

passerby   ötegçi

passing   gidi∫ini

passion   hyjuw, hyruç

passive   passiw^(r)

passport   pasport^(r)

past   öñ

pastry   gutap

pastry chef   konditer^(r)

pasture   öri

pat   tapbat, tapbatlamak

patch   ÿama

patent   göz-görtele

path   ÿörelge, ÿol

pathetic   gözgyny, naÿynjar

patience   çydam, kanagat, sabyr, sabyrlylyk, takat, karar

patient   sabyrly, syrkaw

patriot   watançy

patron   hossar, howandar

patronage   howandarlyk

patronize   hossarlyk etmek

pattern   ülñi, bejergi

pause   dyngy, iri∫me, togtamak, sagynmak, sem bolmak, säginmek

pave   dü∫emek, pollamak

paw   penje

pay   tölemek, tölemek

pay attention   üns bermek

payment   töleg, wznos^(r), salgyt

peace   parahatçylyk, ynjalyk, asudalyk, imisalalyk, oñ∫uk, parahat, parahatlyk, rahat, ÿara∫yk, dynç, rahatlyk, tapa

peaceful   asuda, imi-sala, oñ∫ukly, rahat, tesilli, rahat

peach   ∫etdaly

peacock   tawus

peal   ∫aññyrdy, ∫yññyrdy, taññyrdamak

pear   armyt

pearl   dür, göwher

peas   nohut

peasant   daÿhan

peck   çokalamak, çokmak

peculiar   hususan, özbolu∫ly, üÿtge∫ik

pedal   pedal^(r)

pedalogical   terbiÿeçilik, terbiÿeleÿjilik

peel   paçak, sypyrmak, arassalamak, artmak

peep (squeak)   jüÿgüldy, y∫yklamak, jüÿgüldemek

peep over   köw salmak

peep at   jyklamak

peer (person)   eginde∫, deñdu∫, ÿa∫da∫

peg   gazyk, we∫alka^(r)

pelican   gotan

pelvis   çanaklyk

pen   agyl, ruçka^(r)

pen-knife   çakgy

penalty   jerime, jeza

penance   toba

pencil   galam

pencil-case   galamdan

penetrate   böwüsmek

penetrating   çirkin, ÿiti

peninsula   ÿarymada

pennant   wympel^(r)

pension   pansion^(r), pensiÿa^(r)

people   halk, il, il, il-gün, il-halk, ile∫ler, halk

people's   halk

pepper   burç

peppery   ajy

percent   protsent^(r)

perceptive   duÿgur

perdition   nälet

perfect   kämil, kämile∫en, kämille∫dirmek

perfection   kämillik

perfidy   ähtiÿalanlyk

perform   çyky∫ etmek

peril   heder

period   smena^(r), döwür, (punctuation) nokat

period of time   möhlet

periodic   döwürleÿin

perish   heläk bolmak

permanent   hemi∫elik

permission   rugsat, sprawka^(r), ygtyÿar

permit   putÿowka^(r)

perogative   hak, hukuk

perpendicular   dik

perplexed   ÿygrykmak

perseverance   erjellik

persevering   tutanÿerli

persistence   erjellik, tutanÿerlik

persistent   erjel, tutanÿerli

person   adam, ki∫i

person at the top   otliçnik^(r)

personage   persona£h^(r)

personal   personal^(r), ∫ahsy, ÿekebara

personal nature   tabigat

personality   ∫ahs, ∫ahsyÿet

perspective   perspektiv^(r)

persuade   göwnetmek

persuasive   degerli

pester   çekelemek, süÿkenmek

pestle   soky

pet   sypalamak

petition   towakga

petroleum   nebit

petty   ÿalpak, ownukçyl, ÿüzleÿ

phenomenon   hadysa

phesant   sülgün

philanthropy   adamkärçilik

philharmonic   filarmoniÿa^(r)

philologic   filologik^(r)

philology   filologiÿa^(r)

philosophic   filosofik^(r)

philosophy   filosofiÿa^(r)

phlegm   gakylyk

phlegmy   gakylyk

phone   telefon^(r)

phonetic   fonetik^(r)

phonetics   fonetika^(r)

phony   jögi

photograph   fotografiÿa^(r), forografilemek^(r), surat

phraseologic   fraseologik^(r)

phraseology   fraseologiÿa^(r)

physical training   beden terbiÿe

physics   fizika^(r)

pianist   pianist^(r)

piano   pianino^(r)

pick   çokmak, synçgamak, ÿygmak

pick up   çöplemek, çöplemek, götermek

picture   surat, surat

picturesque   görkana

pie   gutap

piece   döwüm, tike

piece of candy   kemput

pieces   bölek-bölek

pier   pristan^(r)

piercing   çapgyn, çirkin

pig   doñuz

pigeon   kepderi

piglet   jojuk

pile   dös, topbak

pilgrim (to Mecca)   ymam

pill   tabletka^(r)

pillar   kolonna^(r), sütün

pillow   ÿassyk

pilmeni   börek

pilot   pilot^(r)

pimple   düwürtik

pin   temenge

pinch   çümmük, çirtmek, çümmüklemek

pinch (in cooking)   garnuw, garyndy

pink   mawy, al, gyrmyzy

pins and needles   jüm∫üldi

pioneer   pionir^(r)

pioneer days   pionirlyk^(r)

pipe   truba^(r), trubka^(r)

pistachio   pisse

pistol   pistolet^(r)

pit   çukur, çukurlyk, däne, ∫ahta^(r)

pitch   eññit, ∫epbik, ÿapba∫ak

pitch a tent   çasyrmak

pitcher   küÿze, golça, (iron) tüñçe

pitchfork   çar∫ak

pitching   yrga

pitiable   gözgyny

pitiful   naÿynjar

pitted   gotur

pity   rehim, pu∫man etmek, pu∫man, gaÿgyrmak, ökünmek

placard   plakat^(r)

place   orun, ÿer, punkt^(r), tarap, ündemek, ÿerle∫dirmek, salmak

place of respect   dul

place where people live   mekan

plain   takyr, ÿönekeÿ

plain to see   görnetin

plains   düz, düzlük

plaintive   naly∫ly, naÿynjar, zaryn

plait   saç örümi, çyrma∫mak

plan   plan^(r), proÿekt^(r), çenlemek, plana∫dyrmak^(r)

plane   rende, rendelemek

plane off   ÿonmak

plane tree   çynar

planer   törpi

planet   planeta^(r)

plank   ÿokundy, tagta

planned   planly^(r)

planning   planlyk^(r)

plant   ekmek, oturtmak

plaster   gips^(r), suwamak

plasticine   plastilin^(r)

plate   tarÿelka^(r)

platform   perron^(r), platforma^(r), estrada^(r), tribuna^(r)

platoon   wzwod^(r)

play   oÿnamak

player   oÿunçy

plead   özelenmek

pleasant   ho∫amaÿ, ÿyly, mazaly, mähirli, mylaÿym, ÿakymly, ∫irin

pleasantness   ho∫amaÿlyk, mylaÿymlyk

please   ÿaranmak

pleased with   kaÿyl

pleasing   hezil

pleasing taste   lezzetli

pleasure   gönençilik, hezel, hözir, lezzet, maza, hezillik, keÿp, sapa

pleat   epin

pledge   äht

plenty   gana

pliable   çeÿe

pliers   atagzy

plot   dildüw∫ük

plotting   betniet, betpäl

ploughshare   paza

plow   plug^(r), sökmek

pluck   üzmek, üzülmek, ÿolmak

pluck out   ÿolmalamak

plug   ∫tepsel^(r)

plum   garaly

plum tree   garaly

plumber   slesar^(r)

plump   lopbush, semiz, pökgi

plumpen   parkyldamak

plunder   talamak

plunge   topulmak, çümmek

plus   plÿus^(r)

plush   mahmal

plywood   faner^(r)

pocket   jübi, kise

pocket money   spwa

pockmarked   gotur

pod   kösük

poem   gosgy, poema^(r), ∫ygyr

poet   ∫ahyr

poetess   ∫ahra

poetic   poeztik^(r), gosgy

poetic works   ∫ahyrlyk

poignant   ÿiti

point   utuk, punkt^(r)

point (in a game)   oçko^(r)

point of view   jähet, nukdaÿnazar

pointed   zömmek

pointer   dil

pointer finger   süem barmak

pointless   manysyz

poison   awy

poisonous   zäherli

poke   synçgamak, dürtmek, çommaltmak

poker (for a fire)   kesewi

polar   polÿar^(r)

Pole   polÿak^(r)

pole   polÿus^(r), syryk

policeman   milisioner^(r)

policy   syÿasat, syÿasat

polish   tara∫lamak, törpülemek

polishing   tara∫

polite   edepli

politeness   edeplilik, sypaÿçylyk, edep

political    syÿasy

politician   syÿasatçy

politics   syÿasat, syÿasat

pollen   tozga

pollute   zaÿalamak

polyclinic   poliklinika^(r)

polytechnic   politeknika^(r)

pomegranite   nar

pond   howda, howda, howuz

ponder   diñir genmek

ponderous   saldamly

pool   basseÿn^(r), çalpaw, howuz

poor   gedaÿ, garyp, myrtar

poor person   gedaÿ

poppy   läle, läbik

popular   geçginli, populÿar^(r), ÿörgünli

population   ilat

populous   ilatly

porcelin   farfor^(r)

porch   seki, dalan, podÿezd^(r)

porcupine   oklukirpi

portend   duÿdurmak

porter   nosil∫∫ik^(r)

portion   paÿ^(r), por∫en^(r), portsiÿa^(r), gatanç, döwüm

portrait   portret^(r)

Portugal   portugal^(r)

position   düzgünnama, esgerlik, komandirlik^(r), pozitsiÿa^(r), wezipe

possessive   olluk

possibility   mümkinçilik

possible   mümkin

possibly   ähtimal

post   post^(r), poçta

post-meal prayer   töwir (galdyrmak)

postage stamp   marka^(r)

postcard   otkrytka^(r)

poster   afi∫a^(r), plakat^(r)

posterity   nesil

postpone   uzakla∫dyrmak

pot   gazança, gor∫ok^(r), piti

potatoes   karto∫ka^(r)

pothole   gazganak

potter's trade (craft)   küÿzegarlik

potty   gor∫ok^(r)

poultry   gu∫çulyk

pound   bükgüldemek, bükdürmek

pour   çogmak, akytmak, gulmak, guÿmak, ∫abyrdamak

pour in   guÿmak

pour out   eñtermek, tenmek

pour over   haplamak

poverty   garyplyk, pukaralyk, ÿokluk

powder   poro∫ak^(r)

power   kuwwat, güÿç, häkimiÿet, kuwwatlylyk, ysgyn, zarp

power station   elektrostansiÿa^(r)

powerful   äpet, kuwwatly

powers   mejal

pox   mama

practice   praktika^(r)

praise   magtanç, öwgi, öwgn, taryp, öwmek, magtamak, öwmek, taryplamak

pray   doga okamak, özelenmek, dilemek

prayer   dileg, hudaÿa çokunma, namaz

preach   wagyz etmek

precept   nesihat

precipitate   ÿagmak

precipitation   ÿagyn, ÿagmyr, ygal

precisely   tegelek

precision   takyklyk

predator   ÿyrtyjy

predatory   wag∫y

predominance   agdyklyk

preface   sözba∫y

prefix   pristawka^(r)

pregnant   göwreli

premier   premera^(r)

preoccupied   aladaly

preparation   preparat^(r)

preparations   taÿyarlyk

prepare   toplanmak, çemelenmek, häzirlemek, taÿyarlamak, taÿynalmak

prepare a dish   bi∫irmek

preparedness   taÿyarlyk

preposition   sözsoñy

present   häzirki, ∫indiki

present evidence   delillendirmek

presentation   çyky∫

preserve   zapowednik^(r)

president   prezident^(r), rektor^(r), sowgat

presidium   prezidium^(r)

press   sykmak, gysmak, basmak, preslemek, ÿanamak

press conference   pres-konferentisiÿa^(r)

press forward   zomamak

press in   ÿem∫ertmek

press up against   gysmyljyramak

pressed in   ÿem∫ermek

pressing   möhletli

pressure   basy∫, sütem

pretty   eÿjelik, gözel, görkana, telper

previous   öñki

previous situation   öñkülik

price   nyrh, baha

prices   gymmatlamak

prick   naÿzalamak, sanjamak

prick up (one's ears)   ü∫ertmek

prickle   tiken

prickly   tikenli

pride   buÿsanç, guwanç

primary   ilkinjilik, ilkinji

primary beginning   ba∫langyç

primordial   ilkidurmu∫

princers   gysgyç

principle   prentsip^(r)

principles   kodeks^(r)

print   ∫rift^(r)

printed cotton cloth   jir

printer   çapçy

printing plant   çaphana, tipografiÿa^(r)

priority   biriñilik

prison   türme

prisoner   tussag, tussag, ÿesir

private   hususy, hususy

private (soldier)   rÿadowoÿ

private office   kabinet^(r)

privilege   ÿeñillik, hak-hukuk

prize   baÿrak, priz^(r)

problem   problema^(r)

process   protses^(r)

prod   dürtmek

produce   öndürmek, önmek, etmek

product   önüm

production   önüm, önümcilik, önümçilik

productive   guzlaññy

productivity   öndürijilik

products   harytlar

profession   kesp, kär

professional   professional^(r)

professor   professor^(r)

profit   dü∫ewünt, nebis, utu∫, bähbit, haÿyr

profitable   dü∫ewüntli, gazançly

profound   çuññur

prognosis   prognoz^(r)

program   programa^(r)

progress   progres^(r), ÿeti∫ik

progressive   progressiw^(r)

prohibited   haram, gadagan

project   proÿekt^(r), proÿektirlemek

proletarian   proletor^(r)

proletariat   proletariat^(r)

prolong   süÿndürmek, uzaltmak

promise   lebiz, wada, äht

promptly   okgunly

promulgation   ne∫ir

prone   arkan, ÿüzin

pronoun   at calysma, çaly∫ma

pronounce   aÿdylmak

pronunciation   aÿdyly∫, käÿinç

proof   subutnama

prop   direg

prop up   daÿamak, diremek

propagate   propagandirlemek^(r)

property   emläk, go∫-golañ, mal-mülk, go∫, häsiÿet, häsiÿet

prophecy   hadys

prophet   pygamber

propitious   oñaÿly

propoganda   propaganda^(r)

proportion   laÿyklyk

prose   kyssa, proza^(r)

prose writer   prozaçi^(r)

prospect   añ-dü∫ünje

prospecting   razwedka^(r)

prosper   pajalamak

prosperity   eÿgilik, dokçulyk, üpjünlik, e∫ret, oñluk, meslik

protect   hossarlyk etmek, goramak

protection   gorag, goraÿy∫

protector   goragçy

protest   gar∫ylyk görkezme, protest^(r), gar∫ylyk görkezmek

protocol   protokol^(r)

protracted   uzyn

protrude   çommaltmak

protruding   güberçek

proud   buÿsanjan, gedam, sarsmaz

prove   subut etmek, subut etmek

proverb   nakyl

provide   üpjünetmek

provide help   hemaÿat etmek

provide hospitality   hezzetlemek

provided for   üpjün

province   oblast

provocation   prowokatsiÿa^(r)

prying   bilesigeliji

pubis   gasyk

public   çekimli, kommunal^(r)

public prosecutor   garalawçy, prokuror^(r)

public-mindedness   jemgyÿetçilik

publication   çap etme

publish   çap etmek, ne∫ir etmek

publisher   ne∫ir ediji, ne∫irÿatçy

publishing house   ne∫irÿat

puddle   çalpaw

puff   burugsamak, hyssyldamak

puke   gusmak

pull   çüwek, tartmak, çekmek

pull at   çykarmak

pull out   ütmek, goparmak, sogurmak, süÿremek

pull together   büzmek

pulpit   kafedra

pumpkin   kädi

pun   ÿomak

punctual   rejeli

punctuation   punktuatsiÿa

puncture   de∫mek

punish   jeza bermek, jezalandyrmak, temmi bermek

punishment   temmi, çäre, jeza

puny   göÿduk

pupil   okuwçy, (of the eye) göreç

puppy   güjük

purchaser   alajy

pure   dury, päk, tämiz, halal

puree   pÿure^(r)

purified   saplanmak

purify   saplamak, tämizlemek, tämislik

purple   çernil^(r)

purpose   maksat, hyÿal, pygyl

purr   ∫irrildemek

pursuit   kowgy

pus   çylpyk, iriñ

pus-like   iriñli

push   iteklemek, itelemek, itermek, itmek, zomamak

push and shove   itni∫mek

push button   knopka^(r)

push over   agdarmak

pushy person   itigi

put   atmak, salmak, garsamak, goÿmak, ündemek, ÿoklamak

put away   gizlemek, gizlenmek

put forward   goÿmak

put in   dykylmak

put in lines   setilemk

put in order   saÿhalla∫dyrmak

put inside   çümdürmek

put it shortly   garaz

put off   uzakla∫dyrmak

put on   dakmak

put on airs   gomparmak, ulumsyramak

put on weight   semretmek

put out   öçürmek

put right   ugrukdyrmak

put through a hole   ötürmek

put up   germek

putrid   çüÿrük

puzzle   matal

Q

qualification   kwalifikasiÿa^(r)

quality   hil

quantity   mukdar, ululyk

quarrel   çekele∫mek, tersle∫ik, jetle∫mek, senemere edi∫mek, sögü∫mek, tersle∫mek

quarrel with   käÿiçmek

quarrelsome   igenjeñ, igenjeñlik

quarter   çärÿek, kwartal^(r)

quay   pristan^(r)

queen (in chess)   prezi

quest   agtary∫

question   sorag, sorag, sowal, soramak, ∫ek, sorag bermek

queue   nobat, nobat tutmak

quick   çalasyn, ÿüwrük

quick wittedness   ü∫ük

quickly   çalt, hasyr-husur, hyrra, ∫agga, ∫apba, ∫ark-∫urk, tiz

quickness   çalasynlyk, çaltlyk

quiet   domma, ÿuwa∫, imi-sala, rahat, arkaÿynlamak

quietly   keremara

quilt   ÿorgan, syramak

quince   beÿi

quiver   endiremek, sarsmak

quiz   barlag i∫, wiktorina^(r)

quotation   sitada^(r)

quote   sitirlemek

R

rabbit   tow∫an

rabid   guduz

race   ÿary∫mak, çapy∫yk, jyn, ÿary∫, urug, tohum, myçmak

race track   aÿlaw

racism   jynsparazlyk

racist   jynsparaz

rack   we∫alka^(r)

racket   galmagal, gowga, zenzele

radiance   parlak

radiant   röw∫en

radiate   parlamak

radio   radio^(r)

radio center   radiouzel^(r)

radio operator   radist^(r)

radio station   radiostantsiÿa^(r)

radio-announcer   diktor^(r)

radish   rediska^(r), turp

radius   radius^(r)

raft   sal

rag   esgi, çogdan

rage   gahar, gahar-gazap, üzñelik, möwkemek, ∫arlamak, möwç almak

rags   gyÿkundy, ∫ylha

raid   hüjüm

railing   tutawaç

railroad pliers   äti∫gir

rails   rels^(r)

rain   ÿagmyr, ÿagy∫, ygal

rainbow   älemgo∫ar

raincoat   pla∫^(r)

rainy   ÿagynly, ÿagy∫ly, ygally

raise   galdyrnak, galmak, gatalkmak, ÿokarlanmak

raise a price   gymmatlamak

raise above   götergimek

raise oneself   dikelmek, gobsynmak

raising   kötel

raising deer   sugunçylyk

raisins   ki∫mi∫

rake   dyrmak, dyrmyk

rally   miting^(r)

ram   goç

ram-like (a compliment)   goç

rampart   seññer

range   plita^(r)

rant and rave   basyrganmak

rap   tarsuldamak, tarkyldamak, tarkyldatmak, tarsuldy, tykyrdatmak, tyrkyldamak, tyrkyldatmak, tykyrdamak

rapidity   çaltlyk

rapidly   okgunly, çalt

rapids   gatakar

raport   raport^(r)

rare   gyt, seÿrek

rarely   iki-ÿeke, ÿek-tük

rascal   haramzada, aldawçy

rash   ite∫en, örgün

rat   alaka

ratify   tassyklamak

rational   islege laÿyk

rationalist   ratsionalizator

rationality   ratsionaçylyk^(r)

rattle   ∫arkyldy, tyrkyldy, taññyrdamak, tarkyldamak, tarkyldatmak, tykyrdatmak, hy££yldamak, ∫arkyldamak

rattling   tarkyldy

raven   garga, zag

ravine   jar

raw   çygly

raw materials   çigmal

ray   nur, ∫öhle

razor   päki

reach   gowu∫mak

react   äwmek

reaction   reaksiÿa^(r)

reactionary   reaksion^(r)

reactive   reaktiw^(r)

read   okamak

reading and writing   hat-sowat

ready   taÿÿar, taÿÿyn, taÿyarlyly, häzir

real   real^(r), tüÿs

realism   realizm^(r)

realistic   realistik^(r)

reality   hakykan, hakykat

realize   pa∫mak

really   hakykatdan, dogrudan

really?   hiÿ? heÿ?

reap   ormak

rear   tyl, yz

rear part   ÿeñçe

reason   pähim, sypalga, sebäp, spwa, oÿlanmak

reasonable   pähimli, sebäpli

reassure   haÿ-kü∫ etmek, höre-kö∫e etmek

rebel   gozgalañçy, pitnesi

rebellion   topalañ, pitne

rebuff   gaÿtawul

receipt   kwitansiÿa^(r)

receive   uçramak

receiver   trubka^(r)

receiving room   myhmanhana

receiving set   radionpryomnik^(r)

recently   arada, ÿañy ÿakynda

recess   arakesme

recipe   retsept^(r)

recital   konsert^(r)

recline   süÿnmek

recognize   ykrar etmek, tanamak

recollection   ÿadygär

recommendation   rekomendasiÿa^(r)

recompense   tölemek

reconcile   ylala∫dyrmak, razyla∫mak, ÿara∫dyrmak

reconciliation   ÿara∫yk

reconnaissance party   razwedka^(r)

record   rekord^(r), ÿazgy

recover   gutulmak, sagalmak

recruit   pyntyklamak

rectify   düzetmek

rector   rektor^(r)

rectorship   rektorlyk^(r)

red   çypar, gyrmyzy, gyzyl

red poppy   gülälek

redden   gyzarmak

reddest   gyp-gyzyl

reduce   haÿallatmak, selçenlemek, seÿreklemek, ÿuwa∫atmak, egismek, kemeltmek, kemmek, kiçeltmek, peseltmek, ÿuwa∫amak

reduction   peseltme

reed   çiñrik, gamy∫, gargy

refer to   salgylanmak

refine   kämille∫dirmek, ÿukalmak

reflect   aÿlamak

reflective   aÿnadan

reflexive   duÿdansyz

reform   reforma^(r)

refresh   y∫yklandyrmak, janlandyrmak

refrigerator   holodilnik^(r)

refugee   gaçgak

regard   äsgermek

regime   rezhim^(r)

regiment   polk^(r)

region   olrug, raÿon^(r), ülke, uçastok^(r)

register   registrirlemek^(r)

registration   registrasiÿa^(r), ÿazgy

registry   registratura^(r)

regret   ahmyr, gynanç, ökünç, pu∫man, ahmyr etmek, gynanmak, pu∫man etmek, ökünmek

regular   regulÿar^(r), kadaly

regulate   regulirlemek^(r)

rehearsal   repetisiÿa^(r)

reign   höküm sürmeklik, höküm sürmek

rein in   ideklemek, jylawlamak

reinforce   mäkämlemek

reinforced   berkitme

reinforcement   berkitme

reins   jylaw

reject   ret etmek

rejoice   monça bolmak

relate   beÿan etmek

relation   gatna∫yk, howandar

relationship   howandarlyk, hossarlyk

relative   dogan-garynda∫, garynda∫, howandar, otnositel, ∫ertli

relatives   kowum-garanda∫, nebere

relaxation   dynç

relaxed   hatyrjem

relay race   estafeta^(r)

release   sypmak, akdyrmak, sabamak

relevant   dahylly

reliable   ähtibar, ynamly

religion   din

religious   dindar, dini

rely   baÿrynmak

remainder   galyndy

remaining   galyndy

remedy   seri∫de, seri∫de

remember   ÿatlamak

rememberance   hakyda

remind   ÿatalatmak

remote   da∫lykdaky

remoteness   çuñluk

removal   köwek

remove   çykarmak, da∫la∫dyrmak

render   äbermek

renew   täzelemek, täzelenmek

renovate   täzelemek

rent   kärende tölegi

rental   kärende, kireÿ

repair   bejermek, ÿamamak, düz etmek

repair(s)   remont^(r)

repay a debt   özmek

repeal   goÿbolsun etmek

repeat   gaÿtalmak

repeat several times   gaÿtala∫dyrmak

repetition   ÿola

replace   täzelenmek, täzelemek

replica   replika^(r)

report   doklad^(r), maglumat, hasabat

report upon   bildirmek

repose   rahatlyk, tapa, ynjalyk

representative   wekil

reproach   gyjalat, teÿene, käÿinç

reproof   käÿinç

reptiles   süÿrenjiler

republic   respublika^(r)

republican   respublikan^(r)

repugnant   ÿigrenji

repulse   gaÿtawul

reputation   abraÿ, at-abraÿ

request   haÿy∫, towakga, haÿy∫ etmek

requirement   talap

research   gözleg

resemblance   meñze∫

resemblance   meñzeçlik

resemble   çalym etmek, meñzemek

reserve   zapowednik^(r)

reserve(s)   rezerw^(r)

reserved   garasöÿmez, domma

resin   ∫epbik

resolute   töwekgel, üzül-kesil, kesgin

resolution   rezolÿusiÿa^(r), çözgüt, ustaw^(r)

resort   kurort, sanatoriÿa^(r)

resource   resurs^(r)

respect   hatyra, hezzet-hormat, hormat, sylag, yzzat, hormatlamak, sarpa goÿmak, sylamak

respect    sarpa

respectable   epeÿ

respond   seslenmek

respond to   äwmek

responsibility   garamat, jogapkärçilik

responsible   jogapkar, jogapkärli

rest   dynç, rahatlyk, tapa, ynjalyk

restaurant   restoran^(r)

restrain one's self   saklanmak

result   netije, timarlamak

result in   rejelemek

resurrection   dirili∫

retell   beÿan etmek

retract   dänmek

retreat   gaçmak, çekilmek, sepikmek

retribution   jeza

return   gaÿdy∫yn, öwrülmek, gaÿtarmak

reveal oneself   paramak

revel   keÿp çekmek

revenge   ar, kast

revenue   gipdeji

reverence   yzzat

review   syn etmek, syn, tankyt, gaÿtala∫dyrmak

revival   galkynys

revive   janlanmak

revolution   rewolÿusiÿa^(r), öwrüli∫ik

revolutionary   rewolÿusion^(r)

revolve   hozanaklamak

reward   baÿrak

rheumatism   bilagyry, guragyryly

rhombus   rom^(r)

rhyme   kapyÿa, rifma^(r), kapyÿala∫dyrmak, kapyÿala∫mak

rib   gapyrga

ribbon   lenta

rice   tüw, bürünç

rice porridge   ∫üle

rich   baÿ

rich in content   manyly

rich in possessions   barly

rich with   bol

richness   döwlet

ricochet   çawmak

riddle   matal, tapmaça

ride   togalamak

ridge   ulgam

ridiculous   gülkünç, bolgusyz

riding academy   maner

riding school   maner

rifle   tüpeñ

right   hak, hak-hukuk, hukuk, hukuk, mamla, hak

right after   yzy bilen

right now   derrew

right up to   tä

righteous   halal

rigid   doñan

rim   erñek

rime   çigrek

rind   paçak

ring   ÿüzük, halka, jyññyrdamak, ∫yññyrdy, zarñyldamak, jaññyrdamak, ∫añlamak, ∫aññyrdamak, ∫yññyrdamak

ring finger   ogulhajat

ringing   jyññyrdy, ∫atlama

rink   taÿgançak

rinse   çaÿkamak

rinse out   çaÿkamak

rip out a seam   sökülmek, sökmek

ripe   tagt

ripped   ÿyrtyk

rise   gögermek, (of the sun) dogmak

risk   töwekgelçilik, töwekgellik, heder

rival   bäsde∫

rivalry   bäsle∫ik

river   derÿa

rivet   berçin

road   ÿol

roam   tentemek, seÿil, seÿran etmek, entemek, entreklemek

roar   gübürdemek, gümmürdemek, gürrüldemek, möññürmek

roar with laughter   hahahaÿlamak

roast   çirkizmek

rob   talamak

robe   don

rock   yralamak, yramak, yranmak, yrañ atmak, uçurmak, üwremek

rocket   raketa^(r)

rocky   da∫ly

rod   çybyk

rodents   gemrijiler

role   rol^(r)

roll   tirlemek, tirlendirmek, towlanmak, tigirlemek, togalamak

roll of film   pleÿonka^(r)

roll up   çugutmak, düÿrlemek, pyrlamak

roller   rolik^(r)

rolling   yrga

rolling pin   oklaw

Romanian   rumyn^(r)

room   otag

root   kök, düÿp

rope   tanap

rose   bägül, gül

rostrum   kafedra

rot   çüÿremek

rotate   towlamak

rotation   aÿlanma, tow

rotten   çüÿrük, palak, yslanan

rotteness   zaÿaçylyk, çüÿrüklik

rough copy   garalama

roughness   harsallyk

round   tegelek, öwre, tapgyr, raund^(r)

round off   ÿumralmak

round trip   gidi∫in-gaÿdy∫yn

rouse   tuta∫dyrmak

route   gatnawy, trassa^(r)

row   hatar, setir, September, zweno^(r), küreklemek

rows   setilemk

rub   çalmak, oÿkamak, sürtenmek, süÿkemek, süÿkenmek

rub in   sürtmek, çyr∫amak

rub oneself   oÿkanmak

rubber   kauçuk, rezin^(r)

rubbing alcohol    spirit

rubbish   makulatura

rucksack   rÿukzak^(r)

rudder   süÿpent

rude   gödek

rugby   regbi^(r)

rugby player   regbiçi^(r)

ruin   zaÿalamak, bozmak

ruined   weÿrançylykly

ruins   haraba

rule   düzgün, kada, häkimiÿet

ruler   han, (measuring) çyzgyç

rumble   ∫akgyrdy, gürpürdi, jugurdamak, ∫akgyrdamak, ∫akgyrdatmak, takyrdamak, takyrdatmak, tykyrdamak

rumours   my∫-my∫

rumour   owaza

rumoured   hy∫y-wu∫y

run   ylgaw, geçirmek, çüwdürmek, ylgamak, ylgamak

run away   zut gaçyp gitmek

run insomething   süsdürilmek

run into   çaky∫mak

running   ylgaw

rush   gargy, topulmak, çozmak, dazlamak, eñmek, howlykmak, haÿdamak

rush out   zogdyrylmak

Russia   orsÿet

Russian   ors, rus

Russian language   orsça, rusça

rust   pos, iglemek

rustle   ∫agyrdy, ∫itirdi, ∫ybyrdy, ∫ygyrdy, ∫ykyrdy, yg∫yldy, ∫aggyldamak, ∫aggyldy, ∫yglamak, ∫yrkyldy, çagsyldamak, ∫agyrdamak, ∫ybyrdamak, ∫ygyrdamak, ∫ykyrdamak, yg∫yldamak, çyb∫yrlamak, çyg∫yldamak, çyb∫yldy, çyg∫yldy

rusty   posly

ruthless   rehimsiz

rye   çowdary

S

saber   gylyç

sabotage   diversiÿa^(r), ÿykgynçylyk

sack   halta, ganar

sacred   mukaddes

sacrifice   gurban, pida

sad   gamgyn, gamly, gaÿgyly, tukat, zaryn

saddle   eÿer, eÿerlemek, içirgilemek

saddle straps   ganjyga

sadness   gaÿgy, tukatlyk

safe   arkaÿyn

safely   sag aman, aman

safety pin   iññebagjyk, sanjak, temenge

sag   gaÿ∫armak

sag-gurgun gezip ÿöremek=be in a good mood   sag-gurgun

sail   ÿelken

sailing   ÿelkenli

sailor   deñizçi, matros^(r)

salad   salat^(r)

salary   aÿlyk

saleable   ÿörgünli

salient   ilginç

saline   ∫or

saliva   tüÿkülik

salivate   tüÿküliklemek

sallow   saryÿagyz

salt   duz, duzlamak

salt solution   ∫erebe

salt water   ∫orsuw

saltiness   ∫orluk

salty   duzly, ∫erebe, ∫or

salute   salÿut^(r)

samovar   semawar^(r)

sample   nusga

sanatorium   sanatoriÿa^(r)

sand   çäge, gum

sandbank   saÿ

sander   törpi

sandwich   buterbrod^(r)

sandy   gumak

sapling   nahal

sash   bilgu∫ak

satiate   berçikmek

satin   setin^(r), atlaz

satisfaction   dokluk, ho∫allyk, kanagatlanarlyk, kanagat, razÿlyk

satisfactory   ho∫al, kanagatlanlarlykly

satisfied   dok, razy

satisfy   gandyrmak, kanagatlandyrmak

Saturday   ∫embe

saunter   aÿlanjyramak

sausage   kolbasa^(r)

sausage link   sosiska^(r)

save   tyg∫ytlamak

saving   tyg∫yt

savings   zapas^(r)

saw   byçgy, pyçgy, bognamak, byçgylmak

say   ÿamanlamak, diÿmek1, gürlemek

say good-bye   ho∫la∫mak

say hi   salamla∫mak

say something   dillenmek

say unpleasant words   ÿoku∫ söz aÿtmak

scabbard   gyn

scald   haplamak

scale   tor, (for weighing) gapan, (of a map) masçtab

scales   terezi

scandal   haÿÿarlyk, nadaralyk, ∫er, goh, jenjel

scandalmonger   gybatke∫

scandalous   haÿÿar, nadara

scar   çapyk

scarcely   çala

scarcity   kemçilik, kemlik, köst

scare   ürküzmek, gorkuzmak

scarecrow   garantja, gäp

scarf   ∫arf^(r), ÿaglyk

scarlet fever   hörezek, täjihoraz

scatter   dagatmat

scattered   çalam-ça∫

scenery   ÿagdaÿ

scent   atyr

schedule   raspisaniÿe^(r), tablisa

scheme   shema^(r)

school   mekdep, uçili∫∫e^(r)

science   ylym

science (degree)   alymlyk

scientific   ylmy

scientist   alym

scissors   gaÿcy

scold   käÿemek, sögmek

scoop   susmak

scorch   çowlamak

score   san

scorpion   içÿan

scout   razwedkaçy^(r)

scrambled eggs   heÿgenek

scrap   letde, parça, parçalamak

scraps   gyÿkundy

scratch   dyrnaçak, sypjyryk, ykyrdy, dyrnaçaklamak, ga∫amak, sypjyrmak, soÿmak

scrawny   çepiksi, hor

scream   gykylyk, närazyçylyk, haÿkyrmak, heñkirmek, (from fear) wägirmek

screen   ekran^(r)

screw   nurbat

screw in   bintlemek

scrupulousness   çümhöreklik

scuffle   uru∫, penjelemek

sculptor   skulptor^(r)

sculpture   skulptora^(r)

sea   deñiz

sea gull   çarlak

seal   çap, metbugat, peçat^(r), peçatlamak, plomwalamak^(r), ÿelimlemek

seal off   beklemek

seal tightly   jebisle∫mek

seal with glue   ÿelmemek

sealed tightly   jebis

seam   September, tikin

seaman   matros^(r)

seamstress   tikinçi

search   agtary∫, ideg-sorag, agtarmak, dörmek, gözlemek

search for   gözlemek, idemek

searchlight   projhektor^(r)

season   möwsüm, pasyl, halat

seasons   aÿlar

seat (of war)   ojak

secluded   çola

second   ikinji, sekunt^(r)

second place   ikinjilik

second time   ikilenç

second-hand   saklanan

secondary   ikinji derejeli

secret   assyryn, gizligin, gizlin, ogryn, syr, tilsim, ÿa∫yryn

secret service officer   razwedkaçy^(r)

secretiveness   assyrynlyk

section   bölüm, seksiÿa^(r), ÿartmaç, zweno^(r), (of a city) kwartal^(r)

secular   dünÿewi

security   howpsuzlyk, howpsuzlyk, üpjünçilik

security deposit   girew

sediment   çökündi, lödere

sedition   bozgaklyk

see   görmek

see off   ugratmak

seed   däne, tohum

seeded   tohumlyk

seeder   seÿalka

seeding   tohumçylyk

seedling   nahal

seeds   çitgitlemek

seek advice   maslahatlaçmak

seem   görünmek

seem strange   geñlemek

seems   ÿaly-la

seeth   lakyrdamak

seethe   ∫arlamak, pykyrdamak

segment   dilim

seizure   kakyn

seldom   seÿrek, seÿrek

selected   saÿlama

self   elin, öz

self-centered   öz kelle

self-couscious   müÿnürgemek

self-doubting   müñkür

self-interest   nebisjeñlik, nebsewürlik

self-rule   özba∫daklyk

self-worth   namys

sell   satmak, satynalmak

sell wholesale   lomaylygyna satmak

seller   satyjy

seminal   tohumlyk

seminar   seminar^(r)

send   ibermek, ÿollamak

senior   ekabyr, eÿmenç

sensational   ∫owhunly

sense   duÿgy, tikeneklemek

senseless   manysyz

sensitive   eserdeñ, öÿkelek

sensual   duÿgur

sentence   sözlem, höküm

sentimentalize over   suwjarmak

sentner (100 kg.)   sentner^(r)

separate   izolirlemek

separated   dyr-pytrak bolmak

separation   aÿralyk

September   sentÿabr

sequin   jäjek

Serb   serb^(r)

Serbian   serb^(r)

seretary   sekretar^(r)

sergeant   serzhant^(r)

series   sereÿa

serious   goÿazy, salyhatly, ymykly

serious ideas   oÿ-pikir

seriously   çynlakaÿ

sermon   wagyz-nesihat

servant   gullukçy, hyzmatkär, hyzmatkär

serve   äbermek, hyzmat etmek

service   gulluk, hyzmat, hyzmat

sesame   künji

session   sessiÿa^(r)

set   döw, ündemek, gurmak

set down   dü∫ürmek

set in order   düzgünle∫dirmek

set off   ugramak

set off for   ugratmak

set straight   düzetmek, dikeltmek, ugrukdyrmak

set up   germek, çasyrmak

settle accounts   hakla∫mak, hasapla∫mak, üzülmek

settle down   orna∫mak

settlement   posÿolok^(r), wadala∫yk

seven   ÿedi

seventh   ÿedinji

seventy   ÿetmi∫

several   telim

sew   çatmak, gaÿmalamak, tikmek, tikmek

sew a blanket   syramak

sew into   ÿab∫yrmak

sewage system   kanalizasiÿa^(r)

sewing   tikinçilik

sex   pol^(r)

shack   küme

shade   kölege

shady   kölegli

shady side   guzaÿ

shaft   guÿy

shah   ∫a

shake   endiremek, sandyramak, tibirdemek, titrewuk, müñküldemek, uçurmak, silkmek, zagyrdamak, sarsdyrmak, titremek

shake hands   elle∫mek, ÿeñlenmek

shake up   tisginmek

shaking   sandyrawuk, sarsgyn

shallow   ÿalpak

shallower   u∫atmak

shame   biabraÿlyk, ejap, masgarçylyk, utanç, uÿat, ÿüzügaralyk, namys, utandyrmak

shameful   biabraÿ, masgara, wejera

shameless   binamys, haÿasyz, utançsyz

shape   resmile∫dirmek

shard   jäjek, gyÿçak

share   gatanç, ülemek

shareholder   paÿçy

sharp   çapgyn, kesgir, ötgür, ÿiti, synçy

sharpen   gaÿramak, taplamak, ÿiteltmek, ÿamamak

sharpness   ü∫ük

shatter   kül-peekun etmek, mynjyramak, mynjyratmak, seçmek, sepelemek, sepmek

shave   ÿonmak, syrmak

shaving   ÿonu∫ga

shavings   gyryndy

shawl   gyñaç

she   ol

shed   telär

shed hair   soÿulmak

sheep   goÿun

sheep dung   gyÿk

sheep hold   agyl

sheep skin   bagana

shelf   polk^(r), tekje, kapasa

shell   gabyk

shelter   buky, penalamak

shepherd   çopan

shepherd boy   çoluk

shepherdhood   çopançilik

sherbert   ∫erbert^(r)

shift   smena^(r), (work) çal∫yrgyç

shiftless   kelesañ

shifty eyed   ÿeser gözler

shin   injik

shine   lowurdy, öwü∫gin, ÿalpyldy, lowurdamak, ∫öhlelendirmek, ülpüldemek, ÿgjarmak

shingles   demrew

shining   ÿalpyldawuk

shiny   ÿalpylda duran

ship   gämi, korabl^(r)

shirk   progul etmek

shirt   köÿnek

shish-kebob   çi∫lik, kebap

shiver   müñküldemek, saññyldamak, titremek, tibirdemek

shoal   saÿ

shock   urgy

shoe   aÿakgap

shoe lace   uçgur

shoelace   bag

shoemaker   ädikçi, köwü∫∫i

shoes   köwü∫

shoot   tüpeñlemek, atmak

shoot down   aty∫mak

shooter   atyjy

shop   dükan, magazin^(r), seh^(r)

shop window   witrina^(r)

short   gysga, jontuk, kelte, pes

short poem   kyssa

short-sighted   ∫owa kör

short-sightedness   ∫owalyk

shortage   kemçilik, kemlik, köst

shorten   gysgaltmak, kelteltmek, kiçeltmek, kiçelmek

shot up   pers-ala

shoulder   çigin, egin, omuz

shoulder blade   pilçe

shoulder strap   pogon^(r)

shoulder(s)   gerden

shout   haÿkyrmak, heñkirmek, haÿkylyk, gyk-bak etmek, zowlatmak

shout back and forth   gygyry∫mak

shove   sarsdyrmak

shovel   pil, susguç, idirdetmek

shoving   sarsgyn

show   sergi, toma∫a, görkezmek, hezzetlemek

show off   kelçermek

shpere   sfera^(r)

shred   çogdan

shrewd   synçy

shrewdness   sap

shriek   çuñsamak

shrill   çirkin

shrink   çürü∫mek, daralmak, ÿygrylmak

shrivel   çürü∫mek

shudder   tisginmek, sandyramak, diglemek, dyglamak, lerzana gelmek, sarsmak

shuffle   garmak, pürkmek

shun   ÿadyrgamak

shut up   dymmak

shutter   gabsa

shy   gorkak, utanjañ, ÿygra

shyness   utanjañlyk, ÿygralyk

sic (a dog)   kü∫gürmek, meçew bermek

sick   çakyza, hassa, keselli, kesel, näsag

sickle   orak

sickler   orakçy

sickly   göÿduk

sickness   çyrçyk, emgek, hassalyk, ÿarawsyzlyk

side   böwür, bykyn, gapdal, ÿüz

sided   taraplaÿyn

sidewalk   trotuar^(r)

siege   gabaw

sieve   elek

sift   elemek

siftings   kepek

sight   tirkeg, toma∫a

sign   alamat, belgi, bellik, reje, znaçok^(r), ny∫an, ny∫an, gol çekmek

signal   signal^(r)

signature   gol

significance   ähmiÿet

significant   bajyp, ähmiÿetli

signifier   alamat

signify   añlatmak, alamatlandyrmak, belgilemek, diÿmek2

silence   dym∫yk, geplemezlik

silent   sessiz

silently   keremara

silk   ÿüpek

silk production   ÿüpekçilik

silly   tentek, batnyksyz

silt   gyrmança

silver   kümü∫, kümü∫lemek

silver jug for water   künnük

silver plate   kümü∫lemek

similar   meñzeç, meñze∫

similar to   ∫ekilli

similarity   meñzeçlik

simple   sada, türkana, ÿönekeÿ, ÿeñil

simple greeting   salam

simpleton   tentek

simplicity   sadalyk

simplify   ÿeñille∫dirmek

simply so   keÿpine

sin   ÿazyk, günä

since   bäri

since days of yore   köneden

since then   aradan

sincere   dogruçyl, sada

sincerely   çyn ÿürekden

sincerity   çynÿürekde∫lik, dogruçyllyk

sing   saÿramak

sing the Läle Jana   läle kakmak

singe   çowlamak

singer   aÿdymçi, bag∫y

singular   aÿra

sink   batmak, çökmek

sinus   sinus^(r)

sip   gerinmek

sister   uÿa

sister-in-law   gelin

sit   oturmak

sit on the knees   çöke dü∫mek

site   meÿdança

situation   çen, ÿagdaÿ, hal-ahwal, waka

six   alty

sixty   altmy∫

sizable   göwrümli

size   format^(r), ölçeg, ölçeg, ululyk, gabara

sizzle   jyzyrdamak, jyzlamak

sizzling   jyzzyk

skating rink   katok^(r)

skein   kelep, ÿumak

sketch   eskiz^(r), taslama, oçerk, ∫ekel

ski   lyzha^(r)

skier   lyzhaçy^(r)

skiing   lyzha^(r)

skilled   çeper, ökde, türgen

skilled person   senetçi

skillful   türgen, çeper, ökde

skimmer   kengir

skin   deri, teletin, soÿmak, soÿmak

skin-and-bones   çepiksi

skinny   arryk, igli

skip   çapmak

skip a beat   jiglemek

skirt   ÿubka^(r), etek

skull cap   börük

sky   asman, gök

skylark (bird)   togaÿ

slab   plita^(r)

slacken   haÿallamak

slake   gandyrmak

slander   ∫yltak, töhmet, ÿöñkemek, ∫ugullamak, ∫yltak etmek, töhmet atmak, ÿamanlamak

slanderer   töhmetçi

slanderous   töhmetçilikli

slant   gy∫armak

slanting   çasy, gyÿa

slap in the face   ∫apbat

slaughter   gyrgynçylyk, öl∫ük, gyrkmak

slaughterer   gyrkymçy

Slavic   slawÿan^(r)

sled   sani^(r)

sledgehammer   ÿekedaban

sleep   uky, ÿatmak, uklamak

sleepless   bimaza

sleepyhead   ukuçyl

sleeve   ÿeñ

slender   syratly, ÿuka

slice   dilim, dilik, dilmek, syhalamak

slide   taÿmak, typmak

slide down   tyrpma

sliding box   çeker

slight   sähelçe

slightly   sähel

slim   syratly

slime   batga

slip   taÿmak, typmak

slip off   tyrpma

slippery   taÿga, taÿgançak, sürçek

slit   y∫, dilik etmek

slogan   ∫ygar

slope   eññit, ÿapba∫ak, ÿapgyt, eña∫ak

sloppy   sowuk-sala, gümürtik, sölpi

slops   ÿuwundy

slouch   telkermek

slovenly   hapysa

slow   haÿal, ÿuwa∫

slow down   haÿallatmak, tesmek

slowly   haÿal, ÿuwa∫

slowness   äwmezlik, haÿallyk

sluggish   çaman

slush   lüÿk, laÿ

sly   mekir

small   kiçi, çülpe, külke, maÿda, u∫ak, ÿüzleÿ, iri, irlemek, ownuk, ÿalpak

small boned   ejiz

small book   kitapça

small circle   kru£ok^(r)

small drop   damdyk

small hammer   çapgy

small movement   gymyldy

small pox   mama

small sheep   tokly

small shovel   kebze

small stack   petde

smart   akylly

smash   kül-peekun etmek, mynjyratmak

smear   çalmak, çyr∫amak

smell   ys, ysgamak, (to smell strongly) goñursamak

smile   ÿylgyrys, ÿyr∫armak, ÿylgyrmak

smoke   tüsse, tütemek

smoke (give off smoke)   tüsselemek

smoker   çilimke∫

smooth   tekiz, ÿylmanak, sypalamak, tekizlemek

smooth out   ÿuwmarlamak

smooth woolen cloth   mawut

smoothness   tekizlik

snake   ÿylan

snake scales   gow

snap   ∫yrkyldy, ∫yrkyldamak

snap at   jabjynmak

snap one's fingers   pitikilemek

snare   duzak, hepbik

snatch   penjelemek

snatch away   towsa götermek

sneak   bukdaklamak

sneeze   asgyrmak

snicker   hikirdi, hikirdemek

snivel   yzlamak

snobbiness   ulumsylyk

snobby   ulumsy

snore   hor çekmek, hor çekmek, horlamak

snort   horlamak

snout   tum∫uk

snow   gar

snow leopard   bars^(r)

snowstorm   boran

snowy   garly

so   beÿle, ∫unça, ∫eÿle, ∫umlukda, ∫eÿlelik bilen, ∫eÿlelikde

so many   ∫onça, ∫unça

so much   geregiçe, ∫onça, ∫unça

so then   onsoñ

soak   ezmek, çümürmek, suwjarmak

soaked   myjjykñ

soap   sabyn

soar   gaÿmak, pasyrdamak

sob   horkuldamak, ∫umjarmak

sober   añly, sersag

sobriety   sersaglyk

sociable   alçak

social   sosial^(r)

social conscience   jemgyÿetçilik

socialism   sosialism^(r)

socialistic   sosialstik^(r)

society   jemgyÿet

socks   jorap

soft   tultuk, ÿum∫ak, myssyk

soft food   siññitli

soft milk product like yoghurt   gatyk

soften   ÿum∫amak

softness   ÿum∫aklyk

soil   kirletmek

solder   galaÿylamak

soldier   esger, soldat^(r)

soldierhood   soldatlyk

sole   bitewi

sole (of foot)   daban

sole of a shoe   oltañ

solid   durnukly, pugta, çydamly

solidarity   raÿda∫lyk

solidly   ersmek

solitary   ÿekemen

solution   çözü∫, ergin

some   berentak, birnäçe, käbir, käbiri, pylan, telim

some people   käbiri

somehow (or other)   telli-pelli

someone else's   keseki, kese

somersault   a∫yr

something new   özgeri∫

sometimes   aram-aram, çendan, kämahal, käte, käwagt, hernä

somewhat   birhili, hili-bir hili

son   ogul

son-in-law   giew

song   aÿdym

soon   basym, hasyr-husur, hyrra, ∫agga

soot   düÿt, gurum

soothe   haÿ-kü∫ etmek, höre-kö∫e etmek

sore   pe∫ehorda

sorrel   çypar

sorrow   gussa, ökünç

sorrowful   gynançly, tukat, rehimdar, rehimli

sort   sort^(r), sortlamak

sought-after   geçginli

soul   ÿürek, göwün, ruh

soulless   rehimsiz

sound   owaz, ses, üÿn, ∫agyrdy

sounds   ses-üÿn

soup   çorba

sour    tur∫y

source   çe∫me, gözba∫, pru£in^(r), çe∫me

south   günorta

southern   günorta

southpaw   çepbekeÿ

souvenir   ÿadygärlik

sowing   eki∫

space   seleñ

spacious   böw∫eñ, giñi∫, giñ

span   bat

spangle   uçgun, jäjek

Spanish   ispan

spare   tyg∫ytlamak

sparkle   uçgun, ÿyldyramak, lowurdamak

sparkling   ÿalpyldawuk

sparkly   ÿyldyrawuk

sparrow   serçe, serçi

sparse   ÿuwan

speak   gürlemek, geplemek, geplemek, sözlemek

speak directly   gönülmek

speak highly   taryp etmek

speak hoarsely   hy££yldamak

speak in Russian   rusçalamak

special   ÿörite, ÿörite

specialist   spesalist^(r)

specialize in   ÿöriteles∫dirmek

specific   aÿratyn, udel^(r), has, konkret^(r)

specificity   aÿratynlyk

specify   takyklamak

specimen   ekzemplÿar^(r), nusga

spectacle   toma∫a

spectacles   äÿnek

spectator   toma∫açy

spectile   spektakl^(r)

speech   çyky∫

speed   çaltlandyrmak, tizlik, ÿöri∫

speed along   dazlamak

speed up   tizle∫dirmek, ÿygjamlatmak

spell out   konkretle∫dirmek^(r)

spelling   orfografiÿa^(r)

spend   harajat etmek, harçlamak, ÿitirmek

spend money   sowmak

sphere   ∫ar^(r), togalak

spherical   togalak

spicy   ajy

spider   leñkewut, möÿ

spiderweb   kerep

spigot   kran^(r)

spill   çöpleme, dökmek

spin   egirmek, saramak

spinach   ysmanak

spindle   ik

spine   oñurga, geri∫, ÿagyrny

spinner   egriji

spinning wheel   çarh, perik

spirit   ruh, ∫äht, göwün, ruh

spirited   göwünly

spirits   tap

spiritual   ruhy

spit   gyllyk, çi∫, gagyrmak, tüÿkürrmek

spit out   gagyrynmak

spit up   kül-owram (bolmak), kül-u∫ak

spiteful   hyrsyz

spittle   tüÿkülik

splash   pürkmek, ∫alpyldy, ∫apyrdy, syçramak, syçratmak, ∫alpyldamak

splint   ∫in^(r)

splinter   gyldyrgan, gyÿçak

split   çat, jaÿryk, jaÿrylmak, ÿarylmak, ∫akgalamak

split open   çatlamak

spoil   zaÿalamak, ajatmak, dymjykmak, haraplamak, zaÿalamak, zaÿalanmak, üÿtgediji, isrip bolmak

spoil a child   sypañ-sermeñ

spoiled   harap, zaÿa, zaÿalanan

spoils of war   olja

spoken   geple∫ik

spool   tegek, tigir

spoon   çemçe, (Yomud) galam

sport   sport^(r)

sportsman   sportmen^(r)

spot   menek, tegmil, utuk

spotted fever   örgünli

spout (of a teapot)   jüründik

spray   dermanlamak, syçratmak, suwlamak, syçramak, sepelemek

sprayer   suwulçu

spread   pollamak, çalmak, çogmak, ∫abyrdamak, çyr∫amak

spread out   çasyrmak, semek, dü∫emek, sermek

spread terror   möwç almak

spring   bahar, bulak, gözba∫, pru£in^(r), ÿaz, çe∫me, towusmak, ÿazlyk

spring forth suddenly   zomp edip çykak

spring up   döremek

sprinkle   pürkmek, sepmek

sprout   ∫itil

spur   debsilmek

spurt   zogdyrylmak

sputter   jazyrdamak

sputtering   jazyrdy

spy   içaly, y∫yklamak, jyklamak

square   kwadrat^(r)

squash   kädi, itni∫ik

squat   çommalmak

squeak   jüÿgüldy, jygyldamak, jygyldy, (of a shoe) jaÿyrdy, (of a shoe) jaÿyrdamak

squeeze   sykmak

squelch   ∫apyrtdatmak, ∫orpuldatmak

squinty-eyed   çasy

squirrel   belka

stab   naÿzalamak, pyçaklamak

stab with a dagger   sançmak

stability   durnuklylyk

stabilize   pugtalandurmak

stable   at ÿatak, baldak, durnukly

stack   küde, küdelemek

stadium   stadion^(r)

staff   sostaw^(r), ∫tab^(r)

stage   estrada^(r), sahna

stage manager   rezhissÿor^(r)

stagger   goduklamak, çaÿkanmak, uçmak

stagnant   ÿata

stain   menek, tegmil, kirletmek

stairs   merdiwan

stairway   merdiwan

stale   gaty

stalk   sümmül

stall   atÿatak, dükan, ÿatak

stallion   aÿgyr, taÿ

stamp   ∫tamp^(r), çap, metbugat, peçat^(r), peçatlamak, güpürdemek, ∫tamplamak^(r), tarpyldatmak, dürtgüç

stamped   gerbli

stamping   gürpürdi, patydyr, tapyrdy, tarpyldy

stand   durmak, kuwwatlanmak

stand something up   jaÿtartmak

stand guard   garawul durmak

stand in file   hatar durmak

stand in order   hatar durmak

stand on end   çarpaÿa galmak, jaÿtarmak

stand on someone's feet suddenly (?)   syçramak

stand out   jaÿtarmak, tapawutlanmak

stand up   turmak, gobsynmak

standard   norma^(r)

standardize   kadala∫dyrmak

stanza   kuplet^(r)

star   ÿagtylgyç, ÿyldyz

starch   krahmal^(r), pet

stare   çiñerilmek, petretmek, syn etmek, mölerilmek, seretmek

stare at   jiñkermek

stare threateningly   alarylmak

stare wide-eyed   mölertmek

starling   sar

start   geçmek, döretmek, tisginmek

startle   geñirgendirmek

startled   geñirgenmek

state   ∫tat^(r)

state farm   sowhoz^(r)

stateroom   kaÿuta

station   punkt^(r), stansiÿa^(r), wokzal^(r)

statue   heÿkel

statute   ustaw^(r)

staunch   dözümli

steadfast   çiñe, gy∫arnyksyz, mizemez

steal   ogurlamak

stealthy   ÿa∫yryn

steam   bug, tütemek

steel   polat

steep   dik

steering wheel   rul^(r)

stench   porsy

step   gadam, ädimlemek, ätlemek, ätmek

step back   çekilmek

step(s)   basgançak

step-   (mother/father) öweÿ

steppe   sähra, gyr

stick   taÿak, çöp, hasa, ∫epbe∫mek, ÿemlemek, (into) ÿapy∫dyrmak

stick into   çümdürmek

stick out   jaÿtarmak, taÿzarmak

stick to   ÿapy∫mak

stick togehter   süzülmek

sticky   ∫embe∫ik

stigma   tagma

stigmatize   tagmalamak

still   dek, entegem, entek, entäk, ÿalta, ∫indi, heniz, häli

stillness   ÿaltalyk

sting or bite   çakmak

stink   porsy, kokamak

stinker   añkaw

stir   bulamak, gymyldamak, gymyldamak

stir up against   öjükdirmek

stirred   bulanmak

stirrup   üzeññi

stitch   petle^(r), tikin, depjemek

stitch up   petlemek

stobborness   kesirlik

stolen   talañçylykly

stomach   a∫gazan, garyn, mäde

stomp   dükürdemek, dükürdetmek, tapyrdamak

stone   ∫änik, da∫lamak

stony   da∫ly

stoop   egmek

stop   säginmek, togtamak, duruzmak, (bus) duralga

stopper   dyky

stopping place   dü∫elge

storage   zapas^(r)

store   dükan, saklamak

storehouse   sklad^(r)

storm   gaÿ, gom, tupan

story   erteki, hekaÿa, hekaÿat, powest^(r), kyssa, rowaÿat, (floor) etazh^(r)

stove   plita^(r)

straight   göni, zowwam, dogry

straight toward   baka

straighten   endiganlamak, dikeltmek

straighten oneself   dikelmek

straighten out   gönelmek

straighten up   dograltmak

straightforward   gönümel

strain   gypjyndyrmak, tagalla, tagma, süzmek, tijemek, tijenmek

strain oneself   maÿrylmak

strained   ÿitile∫mek

straining   dyzamak

straining spoon   kengir

strange   birhili, geñ, del

strap   kemer

strategem   pirim

stratum   topar

straw   sypal

straw colored   mele

straw saman kelle=stupid   saman

strawberries   klubnika^(r)

streak   çylgym

stream   akar, akym, syrykmak, çüwdürmek

street   köçe

streetcar   tramwaÿ^(r)

strength   gaÿrat, güÿç, kuwwatlylyk, mydar, ysgyn, zarp, berklik, hal, kuwwat, mejal, tap

strengthen   bekemek, gatalkmak, güÿçlenmek, güÿjemek, mäkämlemek, zarplandyrmak

stress   omzamak

stretch   tijemek, tijenmek, batlandyrmak

stretch out   süÿnmek, süÿndürmek, uzatmak

strike   patlamak, pylçamak, çakny∫mak, urmak

string   ÿüp, düzmek

strip   çylgym, çykyrynmak

strip off   ÿolmak

stripe   çyzmyk

striped   zolakly

strive   hysyrdamak, çytala∫mak

strive to overpass   çapy∫mak

stroll   gezelenç, gezende, gezim, gezelenç etmek, seÿran etmek, sümsünmek, aÿlanjyramak, gezmek, (in open air) ÿelejiräp gelmek

strong   daÿaw, gurply, güÿçli, kuwwatly, mäkäm, ykjam, zaply, zor, berk, gaty

structure   desga

struggle   uru∫mak

strum   tiññirdemek, tiññirdetmek

strut   direg

strutting   gaÿky

stubborn   keç, keçjal, kejir, kesir, ketje, höçjet

stubborness   höçjetlik, keçlik

stucco plaster   suwag

stuck in a knot   çigmek

student   kursant, student^(r)

studenthood   studentlyk

studies   okuw

studio   ussahana

study   kabinet^(r), okamak

stuff   nalamak, gamla∫dyrmak, ÿuwa∫amak, dykmak, ÿepbe∫dirmek

stuff oneself   doÿmak

stuffiness   peti∫lik

stuffy   kapas, peti∫

stumble on   büdremek

stump   töññe

stunted   gyrymsy

stupid   akylsyz, gagal, samsyk, akmak, keçje, tünt, tentek

stupidity   akmaklyk, akylsyzlyk, keçjelik, ÿeñilkellelik

stutter   sakynmak

stutterer   sakaw

style   fason^(r), stil^(r), hil, moda^(r), tip^(r)

subdivision   podrazdelenie^(r)

subject   tema^(r), (of a sentence) ÿönekme

submit   goÿmak

subordinate   tabyn

subordination   tabynlyk

subscribe   ÿazylmak

subscriber   abunaçy

subscription   abuna, ÿazylysyk

subside   rahatlanmak, ünjalmak, saÿpallamak

substance   madda

substitute   täzelenmek

subvert   maÿyrmak

subway   metro^(r), metropoliten^(r)

subzero   minus^(r)

success   oñ, üstünlik, ∫ow

successful   rowaç, sowly, ∫owly, ÿeti∫ikli, netijeli

successively   uçdantutma, yzly-yzynda, yzygideri

successor   mirasçy

such   ∫eÿle, zeÿilli, beÿle, ∫ekilli

suck   sokjamak, emmek, sormak

suckle   naharlamak

sudden   duÿdansyz, tarpa, tarpa-taÿyn, zaply

suddenly   birden, tapba, zompa

sue   sudla∫mak

suffer   çydamak, horluk çekmek, horlyk çekmek, jepa çekmek, surnukmak

suffering   görgi, hupbat, pis, heläkçilik, horluk

suffering from a cough   üsgülewukli

suffice   garbamak, ÿetmek

sufficient   bolelenlik

suffix   go∫ulma

suffocate   bogulmak

sugar   gant, ∫eker

sugar-beet   ∫eker çinrigi

sugary   gantly, süÿji

suit   kostÿum^(r), geli∫mek

suitable   ÿaramly, kemally

suitcase   çemedan^(r)

sulfur   kükürt

sullen   çytyk

sultriness   çog

sultry   jokrama, peti∫

sum   jem

sum up   jemlemek, umumyla∫dyrmak

summer   tomus

summer-house   dalbar

summon   kösemek, çagyrmak

summons   powestka^(r)

sun   gün

sunburn   güne∫lemek

Sunday   ÿek∫enbe

sunflower   günebakar

sunflower seed   çigit

sunny   güne∫li

sunrise   günüñ dogmagy

sunset   günüñ ÿa∫magy

sunshine   güne∫, parlak

superficial   ÿüzleÿ

supple   maÿyçgak

supply   üpjünetmek

support   arkala∫yk, daÿanç, goldaw, söÿget, tekge, arkadaÿänç, tutmak, ÿagyrniçlik, goldamak, gollamak

supported   arkaly

supporter   tarapdar, tarapdar, ÿaran, söe

suppose   çaklamak, çenlemek, osmak, oÿlamak, öÿtmek

supposed   hyÿally

suprise   haÿran

sure   hatyrjem, ynamly

surety   zamun

surface   ke∫bi, üst, ÿüz

surgeon   hirurg^(r)

surgery   hirurgik^(r)

surname   familiÿa^(r)

surprise   geñirgendirmek

surprising   geñ

surround   egelenmek

surroundings   da∫-töwerek, töwerek

surveillance   ideg

survey   syn

suspect   ∫übhelenmek

suspend   täsgenmek

swaddling clothes   gundag

swallow   ÿuwdunmak, ÿuwutmak, garlawaç

swamp   süÿge∫iklik, batga

swampy   süÿge∫ik

swan   güw

swarm   sülenmek

sway   ykjamak

swear (curse)   söwmek

swear out   käemek

swear word   sögünç

sweat   der, hyssyldamak, derlemek

Swede   ∫wed^(r)

sweep   süpürmek, togalanmak, sübcelemek, süpürmek, syrmak, tigirlenmek

sweet   lezzetli, nabat, süÿji, süÿji, ∫irin, lezzetli

sweet tooth   süÿjiçil

swell   çismek, pakgarmak, pökremek, çi∫irmek

swell up   gübermek

swelling   çi∫

swift   zaply

swift attack   zarba

swift-footed   çus

swiftly   okgunly

swiftness   çaltlyk

swim   dü∫ünmek2, ÿüzmek

swimmer   ÿüzüji

swindler   kezzap

swing   hiññildik, hiññilik, sallançak, uçurmak, ykjamak, yralamak, yramak, yranmak, yrañ atmak

swirl   burugsamak

switch   wyklÿuçatel^(r), çybyk

switch off   öçürmek

switch over   dönmek

sycophancy   ÿaranjañlyk

sycophant   ÿaranjañ

syllable   bogun

symbol   simbol^(r)

symbol   nysan

sympathetic   dözümsiz, duÿguda∫

sympathy   duÿguda∫lyk

synonym   sinonim^(r)

synopsis   kospekt^(r)

syntax   sintaksis^(r)

synthesis   sintez^(r)

synthetic   sintaktik^(r), synthetika^(r)

system   sistema^(r)

systemize   sistemle∫dirmek

T

t-shirt   maÿka^(r)

table   stol^(r), tablisa

tablet   tabletka^(r)

tactic   taktika^(r)

tahya   tahÿa

tail   guÿruk

tailor   biçimçi, biçmek, tikinçi

take   almak

take a bite   tam∫anmak

take a responsibility   borçlanmak

take a rest   dynç almak

take a view of   ÿaltaklamak

take advantage of   haÿyrlanmak

take aim   nysan almak, ny∫analamak

take aim at   çenemek

take an oath   kasam içmek

take apart   aralamak, sökmek

take away   äkitmek

take care of   sagdynla∫dyrmak, aÿamak

take for a walk   gezdirmek

take inaccount   hasap etmek

take it!   me!

take leave of   ho∫la∫mak

take off   çykyrynmak, çykarmak

take offence   öÿkelemek

take out   çykarmak

take pains   emgemek

take prisoner   tussag etmek

take refuge   halas bolmak

take revenge   ar almak

take shelter   yklamak

take up arms   ÿaraglanmak

take with a fork   ∫aramak

taken inaccount   hasaplanmak

tale   beÿan, beÿanama

talent   talant^(r), zehin, ukyp

talented   talantly^(r), zehinli, ökde, ukyply

talisman of camel hair   alaja

talk   gep, gürrüñ, gep-gürrüñ, geple∫mek, my∫-my∫, ∫iwe, madyrdamak, ÿamanlamak

talk back   sana∫mak

talk into   göwnetmek

talkative   lakgy, geplem∫ek

tall   belent, uzyn, ÿokary

tally   hasap, hasap

tally up   hasamak, hasaplamak

tame   ekdi, eldek

tan   eÿlemek

tangerine   mandarin

tangle   ÿumak

tangled hair   ime∫mek

tank   bak, tank^(r)

tantalize   güjeñlemek

tap   bulak, kran^(r)

tape recorder   magnitofon^(r)

taper   çürelmek

tar   garaÿag, tar, ∫epbik

tardiness   äwmezlik

target   ny∫ana

tart   talh

task   mesele, wezipe

tassel   gotaz

tassle   penje

taste   tagam, dadyrmak, datmak

tasty   tagamly, ∫irin

tattered   ele∫an

tatters   ∫ylha

tax   salmak

taxi   taksi^(r)

tea   çaÿ

tea-house   çaÿhana

tea-lover   çaÿke∫

tea-pot   kitir

teach   okatmak, öwretmek, öwretmek

teacher   mugallym, halypa, okudyjy

teacher (female)   mugallyma

team   komanda^(r), kollektiw^(r)

teapot   çäÿnek, çäÿnik

tear   ütmek, ÿyrtylmak

tear off   goparmak, sypyrmak, üzmek, üzülmek, ÿyrtmak

tear off a piece   dömmek

tear pieces   tüÿt-müÿt etmek

teardrop   ÿa∫, göz ÿa∫, gözÿa∫

tease   güjeñlemek

technical   tehniki^(r)

technical school   tehnikum^(r)

technician   tehnik^(r)

technique   tehnika^(r)

telegram   telegramma^(r)

telegraph   telegraf^(r), telegrafirlemek^(r)

telephone   jañ etmek, telefon etmek

television   telewizion^(r)

temperate   maÿdal

temperature   temperatura^(r), ÿylylyk, gyzgyn

tempered   taplanmak

tempest   tupan

temporary   wagtlaÿyn

temptation   sap

ten   on

ten (noun)   onluk

ten days   ongunlyk

ten years   onÿyllyk

tender   näzik, ynjyk

tender-hearted   ÿuka ÿürek

tending   ideg

tennis   tennis^(r)

tense   dartgynly

tent   çadyr, palatka^(r), çatma

tenth   onunjy

tenure   stazh^(r)

term   adalga, termin^(r)

term of office   möhlet

terminal   polÿus^(r)

terminator   istrebitel

terminology   terminologiÿa^(r)

termite   tagtabiti

terrible   elhenç

territory   territoriÿa^(r)

terror   wehim

terrorism   terrorizm^(r)

test   synag, kösenmek, synamak

tether   dañy

text   tekst^(r)

thank you   sag bol, spasiba^(r)

that   kä, ∫ol, ∫u

that is to say...   ÿagny

that's why   babatdan, ötri

thatch   sypal

thaw   eremek

the back end   ÿeñçe

theater (film)   kinoteatr^(r)

theatre   teatr

theft   ogrulyk, ogurlyk, talañ, talañçylyk

thematic   tematic^(r)

theme   tema^(r)

then   onda, hany, ∫eÿlelik bilen, ∫eÿlelikde, soñ

theorem   teorema^(r)

theoretic   teoretiki^(r)

theory   teoriÿa^(r)

therapeutic   terapewtik^(r)

therapist   terapewt^(r)

there   beÿläk, hanha, holha, honha

therefore   ötri, çünki

thermometer   termometr^(r)

thermos   termos^(r)

thesis   eser

they   olar

thick   çi∫ik, galyñ, gür, küti, syk, ÿygy, goÿry, goÿy, ÿogyn

thick-headed   körzehin

thicken   galñamak, goÿalamk

thicket   lödere

thickness   galyñlyk, goÿulyk, kütülik, töp

thief   ogry, ogry

thieve   ogramak

thigh   but

thimble   oÿmak, ÿüwse

thin   hor, hor, igli, inçe, suwuk, ÿuka, inçesagt

thin out   ÿekelemek

thin rug   palas^(r)

thing   zat

things   go∫, zatlar

think   pikir etmek, öÿtmek, pikirlenmek, saÿmak

think hard   öl∫ermek

think out   tapmak

think upon   ikirjinlemek

thinness   ÿukalyk

third   üçünji

thirst   te∫nelik

thirsty   te∫ne

thirtieth   otuzynjy

thirty   otuz

this   bu, ∫u

this side of   bäri

thistle   garamandalak

thorn   tiken

thorny   tikenli

thoroughfare   magistral

thought   pikir, añ, oÿ

thousand   müñ

thread   düzmek, ötürmek, sapak

thread a needle   sapmak

threat   haÿbat

threaten   çenemek

three   üç, üçlük

threshing   döwek

threshold   bosaga

thriftless   bisarpa

thrive   pajalamak

throat   bokyrdak, damak, bogaz

throb   syzlamak, tyrkyldamak, tyrkyldatmak, bükgüldemek

throb,beat   sorkuldmak

throng   üÿ∫meleñ

through   zowwam

through and through   parran

throughout   parran, bütin

throw   atmak, keseklemek, zyñmak

throw stones at   da∫lamak

throw up   gusmak

throw with force   ta∫lamak

thrown   ta∫landy

thrust   çümmek

thump   gürsüldemek

thunder   gürrüldemek, taññyrdamak, gübürdemek, gümmürdemek

Thursday   pen∫enbe

thus   ∫eÿlelik bilen, ∫umlukda

ticket   bilet^(r)

tickle   gyjyk, gyjyklamak

tidy up   ÿygna∫dyrmak

tie   arabaglan∫yk, aragatna∫yk, dañy, bogmak, danmak, dañmak, örklemek, köjemek, saramak

tie an animal's four legs together)   güÿlmek

tie together   çitmek, çatmak

tie up (specifically   güÿlmek

tie with a belt   gu∫amak

tiger   gaplañ

tight   gysby

tighten   büzmek

till   sürmek

tillage   sürüm, ∫üdügär

time   zaman, gezek, esse, halat, mahal, möwrit, pursat, wagt, ÿola, çen, döwür, gaÿta

time-sheet   tabel^(r)

timeless   ölmez-ÿitmez

times   öwre

timid   tez, ürkek, gorkak, ÿygra

timidity   gorka, ÿygralyk

tin   galaÿy

tingle (   jüm∫üldemek

tingling   jüm∫üldi

tiny   çülpe, ujypsyz

tiny fishbones   gylçyk

tire   ∫in^(r), ejizlemek, ÿadamak, ysgynsyzlanmak, ÿaltanmak

tire out   ÿadatmak

tired   argyn, ÿadaw

tireless   ÿadawsyz

tissue paper   sorguç

title   sözba∫y, adalga

toady   ÿaranjañ

tobacco   temmäki

toe   barmak

toes   daraklyk

together   bile, bilelikde, birlikde, ∫ärikli

toil   emgenmek

toilet   hajathana

token   £eton^(r)

tolerance   çydamlylyk

tolerant   çydamly

tomasauce   tomat^(r)

tomato   pomidor^(r)

tomb   gubur, gör

tome   tom^(r)

tomorrow   ertir

ton   tonna^(r)

tone   äheñ, üÿn, jyññyrdy

tongs   äti∫gir, gysgyç

tongue-twister   ÿañyltmaç

too   hem, #NAME?

too much   a∫a

tool   abzal, esbap, gural

tooth   di∫

top   çür depesi, depe, ÿokarky, üst

torch   panys

torment   çekelemek, heläklemek, azap, heläkçilik, horluk, emgek

torn   ele∫an, ÿyrtyk

torso   göwre, korpus^(r)

torture   görgülik, güzap, azap, çekelemek, görgi, heläklemek

toss   oklamak, urunmak, keseklemek

total   jem

total darkness   hüÿt-garañky

totally   tutu∫laÿyn

totally   halys, tutu∫lagyna

touch   degmek, ellemek

touch up   y∫yklandyrmak

touchy   öÿkelek

tough   gaÿym

toungue   dil

tour   gastrol^(r)

tourist   turist^(r)

touristic   turistic

tournament   tunir^(r)

tousle   saÿmak

tow   tartmak, çekmek

towel   polotenste^(r)

tower   wy∫ka^(r)

toy   oÿnawaç, oÿunjak, gurjak

trace   yzarlamak, yz

track   rels^(r)

track down   yzarlamak

tractor   traktor^(r)

tractor driver   traktorçy^(r)

trade   hünär, senet, söwda

trade union   profsoÿuz^(r)

trader   söwdagar

tradition   dessur, däp, däp-dessur, ÿörelge

traffic   gatnaw

tragedy   tragediÿa^(r)

tragic   tragiki^(r)

train   türgenle∫mek, otly, çemelenmek

train a horse   seÿislemek

trained   türgen

trainer   trener^(r)

training   türgenle∫ik

trait   çyzyk

traitor   dönük, haÿyn, içaly

tramp   ykmanda

tramping   tapyrdy

trample   basgalamak, depelemek, depgilemek, paÿdyrmak, tarpyldatmak

trampling   tarpyldy

tranquility   imisalalyk

transfix   çümmek

transformation   ÿüzlenme

transgress   ätlemek

transition   geçis

transitory   göçme

translation   perewod^(r), terjime

translator   terjimeçi

transplantation   peresadka^(r)

transport   ulag, çüwek

transportation   transport^(r)

trap   gapan

trash   zibil, hapa

travel   syÿahat etmek

traveller   syÿahatçy

travels   syÿahat

treachery   dönüklik, ähtiÿalanlyk

treason   haÿynlyk

treasure   hazyna

treasury   hazyna

treat   bejermek, hödür etmek, hödürlemek, sagdynla∫dyrmak

treatment   bejergi

treaty   wadala∫yk

tree   bag

tremble   digden eklemek, endiremek, gag∫amak, galdyramak, müñküldemek, sandyramak, tibirdemek, titremek, titrewuk, zagyrdamak

trembling   sandyrawuk

tremendous   mähnet

tremors   galpyldy

trend   ugur

tresspass on   hyÿanat etmek

tresspassing   hyÿanatçylyk

tresspassor   hyÿanatçy

trial   synag

triangle   üçburçluk

tribe   asyl, taÿpa, tire

tribune   tribuna^(r)

tribute   salgyt

trick   pirim

trickery   ∫eÿtanlyk

trifling   ownukçyl

trinket   ∫aÿylyk

trip   syÿahat, syÿahat, reÿs^(r)

tripod   kössek

tritel   lenç bolmak

trolley   trolleÿbus^(r)

trophies   olja

tropic   ÿoda

tropical   ÿoda

trot   selpemek, gezer

trouble   azar, bozgaklyk, hyllalla, ünji, hasrat

trouble-maker   bozgak

troubled   aladaly, gowgaly, läbik

troubles   hysyrdy, agyry, alada

trough   ahyr

trouser-leg   gonç

truancy   progul

truck   gruzovik^(r), ÿuk ma∫ina

true   çyn, dogrudan, dogry, wepaly, idili

truly   dogrusy

trump   ∫ifirlemek^(r)

trunk   göwre, hortum, korpus^(r), (of a tree) nil

trust   ynanmak

trustee   hossar, hossar

trusteeship   hossarlyk

trusting   ynanjañ

truth   hakykat, wepa, ynsap

try   çytala∫mak, dyrja∫mak, janykmak, synanmak, synanmak

try on   deñemek

try out   kösenmek

tubby person   gipdenek

tube   trubka^(r), truba^(r)

tuck up   çyzgmak, çermemek

Tuesday   si∫enbe

tuft   çogdan

tug   dartmak

tulip   çigildem

tulle   tÿul^(r)

tumor   berç, çi∫

tun   çelek

tundra   tundra^(r)

tune   heñ, heñ, üÿn

tunnel   tonnel^(r)

turban   selle

Turk   türk

turkey   indÿuk^(r)

Turkish   türki

Turkmen   türkmen

Turkmeness   türkmençilik

turn   nobat, öwrüm, aÿlamak, hozanaklamak, sowulmak, towlamak, dolamak, tow, ÿöneli∫, aÿlanmak, towlanmak, dönmek, gezek, (a corner) gorsamak, (in a game) göç

turn brown   goñralmak

turn down a light   öçürmek

turn for   ÿönelmek

turn for the worse   erbetlemek

turn gray   çalarmak

turn inside out   çöwrülmek

turn off a light   söndürmek

turn oneself over   öwrülmek

turn out   ogu∫ÿa

turn over   dörü∫dirmek, dündermek, çöwrülmek

turn something   öwürmek

turn sour   müzzermek, tur∫amak

turn to   ÿüz tutmak, ÿüzlenmek

turn up   çermemek, çyzgmak

turn upside-down   agdar-duñder etmek, dünderilmek

turn-coat   dönük

turnip   ∫algam

turnpike   ∫osse^(r)

turret   wy∫ka^(r)

turtle   py∫baga, py∫dyl

tutor   terbiÿeçi

tuyduk   tüÿdük

tweak   çirtmek, çümmüklemek

twentieth   ÿigriminji

twenty   ÿigrimi

twig   pudak

twigs   ot- çöp

twin   ekiz

twinkle   ÿylpyldamak

twinkling   lampa

twirl   pyrlamak, tirlemek, tirlendirmek

twist   burmak, pyrlamak, tirlemek, tirlendirmek, towlanmak, bükdürmek, towlamak, ÿygyrmak, çyrpynmak

twist oneself   pyrlanmak

twisted   towly

two   go∫a, iki

two-faced   ikiÿüzli

two-sided   apbasy, ikiÿanlaÿyn

two-year   ikiÿyllyk

Tyg ÿarasy biter   tyg

type   ∫rift^(r), tip^(r)

type of illness   inçekesel

type of melon   zamça

type of tree   sazak

typesetter   ÿygyjy

typhys   garahassalyk, örgünli

typical   tipik^(r), tipleÿin^(r)

typist   ma∫inistka^(r)

tyrannical   zalym

tyranny   zalymlyk, zulum, eden-etdilik

tyrant   zalym

U

udder   emjek

ugliness   ∫umroÿluk

ugly   bedroÿ, betgel∫ik, betnysan, edrenç, ∫umroÿ

Uighur (nationality)   uÿgur

Ukranian   ukrain^(r)

ulcer   pe∫ehorda

unanswerable   jogapsyz

unavoidability   alaçsyzlyk

unbiased   obÿektiw^(r)

unbutton   ÿazdyrmak

uncertain   alasarmyk, aljyraññy, gümana

unchanged   köneçe

uncle   daÿy, däde, dÿadÿa^(r), (Balkan dialect) kaka

unclear   dü∫nüksiz

uncomfortable   amatsyz, bijaÿ, çemesiz

unconscionable   naÿynsap

unconscious   beÿhu∫, ynsapsyz

unconsciousness   ynsapsyzlyk

unconsidered   gümürtik

uncoordinated   dagynyk

uncultured   edepsiz

unculturedness   edepsizlik

undecided   ikigöwünli

under   köw salmak

under duress   nalaç

underage   kiçi

undergarments   içki-geÿim

undergo   synamak

underground   ÿerasty

underline   nyglamak

understand   añsyrmak, dü∫ünmek1, görmek, añmak

understand each other   dü∫üni∫mek

understandable   dü∫nükli

understudy   orunbasary

undertaking   kärhana

underwater   suwasty

undetermined   ikigöwünli

undisciplined   bidüzgün, tertipsiz

undistinguished   pes

unease   gozgalañ

uneasy   biynjalyk

uneconomical   bisarpa

uneducated   çalasowat, jahyl

unemployed   i∫siz

unemployment   i∫sizlik

uneven   ters

unexpected   oslagsyz, tarpa

unfair   ynsapsyz

unfairness   ynsapsyzlyk

unfamiliar   näbelet

unfamiliarity   näbeletçilik, näbeletlik

unfasten   ÿazdyrmak

unfavorable   oñaÿsyz

unfortunate person   görgüli

unfortunately   gynansamda

unfounded   esassyz

unhealthy   näho∫, näsag

uniform   endigan, forma^(r)

uniformly distributed   birsydyrgyn

uninformative   dereksiz

unintentionally   nalaç

uninterrupted   üznüksiz

union   birle∫ik, soÿuz

unique   aÿra

unison   jebislik, baglany∫yk

unit   birlik

unite   birikmek, birle∫dirmek, utga∫mak

united   baglany∫ykly, baglaÿjy, birle∫en, utga∫yk

united under God   tañrybir

universal   bütindünÿa, ählumumy, uniwersal^(r)

universe   älem-jahan

university   uniwersitÿet^(r)

unjust   ynsapsyz

unknowable   näbileÿin

unknowing   bilmezlik

unknown   bilmezden, näbelli, nämälim, nätany∫, näbelet

unknown property   amanat

unlawful   kanunsyz

unleash   çözmek, tuta∫dyrmak

unleavened bread   petir^(r)

unlimited   ymgyr

unlit   garañky

unload   bo∫atmak

unloved   gadyrsyz

unmotivated   dereksiz

unmoving   dek

unnecessary   gereksiz

unpleasant   mähirsiz

unpopulated   çola

unquestionable   soragcyz, ∫übhesiz

unquestionably   ∫eksiz

unreasonable   sebäpsiz

unrest   oñ∫uksyzluk, ünji, ynjalyksyzlyk

unrestricted   erkana

unrestrictedly   erkin

unripe   çig

unruly   tertipsiz

unsatisfactory   kanagatlanlarlyksz

unscrupulous   naÿynsap

unshakable   mizemez

unsigned   golsuz

unskilled   emelsiz

unsociable   ÿekemen, garasöÿmez

unspoiled   syrdambitin

unspoken   gürrüñsiz

unsuccessful   netijesiz, ÿeti∫iksiz

unsuitable   ÿetmezçilik

unswerving   gy∫arnyksyz

untalented   zehinsiz

untangle   çözlemek

untie   çözmek

until   çenli, deñeç, tä

until now   heniz

until one dies   ölinça

until satisfied   doÿa

untilled   boz

untouchable   sarsmaz

untrue   biwepa

untruthful   galat

unused   bo∫

unusual   del, seÿrek

unwaivering   mizemez

unweildy   gaba

unworthy   nälaÿyk

upbringing   terbiÿe, terbiÿeleÿi∫

upkeep   saklaÿy∫, mazmun

upon the cross   atanaklaÿyn

upper   ÿokarky

upper part   üst

uprising   gozgalañ

urge   haÿdatmak

urgent   gaÿragolulmasyz, gyssagly, möhletli, derwaÿys, ynandyryjy

urgently   gyssag

urine   pe∫ew

urn around   sowmak

use   peÿda, ulanmak, ÿaratmak, haÿyr

use up   harajat etmek

used up   ÿolgalmak

useful   peÿdaly

useless   biderek, peÿdasyz, ÿaramaz

usual   adaty

usually   köplenç

utensils   gapgaç

utilize   ulanmak

Uzbek   özbek

V

vacation   kanikul^(r), dynç almak

vaccine   waktsina^(r)

vagabond   segezdan, ykmanda, sergezdan

vague   ÿa∫yryn

vain   ba∫agaÿ, nähak, ∫öhratparaz, howaÿy

valley   dere, jülge

valour   edermenlik

valuable   gymmatly, ∫aÿ-sep

vanish   gürüm-jürüm bolmak, ÿitirim bolmak, ÿitmek

vanity   ba∫agaÿlyk, ∫öhratparazlyk

vanity mirror   tagan

vanquish   ÿüwürmek, üstün çykmak

vapidity   ÿeñilkellelik

vapor   dem

variant   wariant^(r)

variety   sort^(r)

various   gaty∫yk, dürli-dürli

vary   çaly∫mak, özgertmek

vegetable   gök önüm

vegetable(s)   ir-iÿmi∫

vein   damar

velour   welÿur^(r)

velvet   welwet^(r)

veneer   faner^(r)

vengance   kast

vengeance   öç

venture   kärhana

veranda   dalan, eÿwan

verb   i∫lik

verbal   harma-harp

verdict   höküm

verse   kuplet^(r), ∫ygyr

versed   habarly

vertical   wertikal^(r)

very   biçak, iññän, örän, öte, uçursyz, artykmaç, ägirt, hut, ÿaman

very much   we∫eñ-we∫eñ

very well   içgin

vessel   gap, bak

veteran   weteran^(r)

veterinary   weterinariÿa^(r)

vex   heläklemek

vexed   hyrsyñy di∫lemek

via   üsti bilen

vibrate   yrgyldamak, yrgyldatmak

vibration   yrgyldy

vicinity   da∫-töwerek

vicious scheme   gabahatçylyk

victor   ÿeñiji

victory   ÿeñi∫, bolu∫

view   nazar

vigilant   hü∫gär, sak, eserdeñ

village   oba

vindicate   ödemek

vinyl record   plastinka^(r)

virgin soil   tarp

virtue   mertebe

virus   dümew

visible   görnükli

vision   görü∫, göz

visit   görme-görü∫, wizit^(r)

vista   añ-dü∫ünje

vital   derwaÿys

vitamin   witamin^(r)

vodka   arak

voice   gyl, ses

void   howaÿy

volcano   wulkan^(r)

volleyball   woleÿbol^(r)

volume   göwrüm, möçber, tom^(r)

voluminous   göwrümli

voluntary   meÿletin

volunteer   meÿletinçi

vomit   ögemek, pitirdemek, gusmak

vote   saÿlow

voter   saÿlawçy

vow   kasam içmek, äht, ∫ert

vowel   çekimli ses

voyage   reÿs^(r)

W

waddle   moÿmuldamak

wage war   uru∫mak

wagon   wagon^(r)

wail   jägildemek, wañkyrmak, närazyçylyk

wailing   jägildi

waist   bil, gu∫aklyk

wait   gara∫mak

wait for someone   garaly∫mak

waiter   ofisian^(r)

wake someone   turuzmak, örüzmek

wake up   oÿanmak

wakefulness   ∫öwür

waken   turuzmak

walk   sümsünmek, ÿöremek

walking   seÿil

wall   diwar, haÿat, seññer

wallow   läshermek

walnut   grek hozy

wander   entemek, entreklemek, tentemek, gezmek, seÿran etmek

wanderer   segezdan

want   gereklemek, islemek, islemek, hajat

wanting to   göwünjeñ

war   uru∫, harby

warbler (bird)   jikjiki

wardrobe   garderob^(r), ∫kaf^(r)

warm   gyzy∫mak, ÿylatmak, maÿyl, mylaÿym, ÿyly, mähirli

warm up   çoÿmak, ÿylamak, ÿylynmak, maÿlamak

warm weather   maÿyllyk

warmth   ÿylylyk

warn   duÿdurmak

warning   duÿdury∫, howsala, trewoga^(r)

warrant   narÿad

wash   ÿuwmak, ÿuwundyrmak

wash away   köwmek

wash oneself   ÿuwunmak

wash with soap   sabynlamak

waste   harçlamak, ÿitgi, yrÿa, harçlamak

watch   synlamak, sagat, sagat

watch over (lit   göz-gulak bolmak

watchful   hü∫gär, idediji, sak, ideg-sorag

watchman   sakçy

water   çaÿlamak, suwarmak, suwarmak, ÿa∫armak, suw, suw, kompot^(r)

water boiler   semawar^(r)

water pipe   wodoprowod^(r)

water-dispenser   kolonka^(r)

water-pump   kolonka^(r)

waterfall   ∫aglawuk

watering   suwarym

watermelon   garpyz

watershed   saka, taraz

waterskin   gowa

watery   suw, ÿuwan

wave   bulaÿlamak, salgamak, pasyrdamak, tolkun

waver   tykyramak, ÿygrylmak

wax   mum

way   alyn, tertip-düzgün, usul, çak, ÿol

way back   gaÿdy∫yn

way-to-go   berekella

we   biz

weak   asgyn, gow∫ak, gujursyz, ejiz

weaken   asgynlamak, gow∫amak, haÿallamak

weakness   asgynlyk, ysgynsyzlyk

wealth   baÿlyk

wealthy   adyl

weapon   ÿarag

wear   dakynmak

wear out   könelmek, lejini çykarmak, süzülmek, tozmak, tüÿdülmek, köneltmek (by use) tozdurmak, tüÿtmek

weariness   argynlyk

weather   howa

weave   dokamak

weaving   dokma

wedding caravan   gelinalyjy

wedding gifts   atgulak

wedding procession   gelnalyjy

wedge   pahna, ∫inde

Wednesday   çar∫enbe

weed   ha∫al

week   hepde

week-long   hepdeleÿin

weekly   hepdelik

weep   aglamak, eñremek

weeping   agy

weft (carpet-making term)   argaç

weigh   semek

weight   agram, agyrlyk

weighten   agralmak

weighty   uly

weird   syrly, geñ

weld   seplemek

welder   keb∫irleÿli

well   bakaly, guÿy, ho∫, ho∫, ∫eÿlelikde, ÿeri, gowy, gurgun, ÿa, düzüwli, ∫umlukda

well done   tüweleme

well lit   ÿagty

well thought out   oÿlany∫ykly

well-being   abadançylyk, e∫ret, eÿgilik, oñluk, rähnet

well-bred   edepli, terbiÿeli

well-deserved   rowa

well-dressed   bezemen, geÿnüwli

well-known   belli

well-off   gurply

well-to-do   üpjün

west   günbatar

wet   ezmek, öllemek, öl, ∫alpy-∫arañ, çygly

whale   kit^(r)

what to do?   nätmek

what else   dagy

what kind?   nähili

what sort?   nätüÿsli

what?   näme

wheat   bugdaÿ, bugdaÿ

wheel   tigir, çarh, süÿpent, tigirlemek

wheelbarrow   galtak

when   haçan, näwagt

where   nirede

where?   hany, nire

whet   taplamak

which?   haÿsy, neneñ, neneñsi

which number?   näçenji

while   onyança

whim   näz

whimsical   ynjyk

whine   iññildemek, yzlamak, yññyldy, izzildemek, yññyldamak

whip   gamçylamak, saÿgylamak, gamçy

whip up   gunu∫mak

whirl   gaÿmalamak, burmak, syramak

whirlpool   gipdal

whisper   py∫yrdamak, wy∫yrdamak, py∫yrdy, wy∫y-wy∫y

whistle   çyrryldamak, jürletmek, sygyrmak, sygyrmak, ∫uwwuldamak, ∫uwwuldy, gygyrmak

whistling   sykyklyk

white   ak

white-wash   aklamak

whiten   aklamak

whitest   ap-ak

whitewash   heklemek

who?   kim

whole   bitin, bütin

wholeness   aman

wholesale   lomaÿ söwda, lomaÿ, lomaÿlygyna

wholly   tutu∫

whooping cough   götsbogma

why   näme üçin

wick   pelte

wicked   ∫um

wide   giñ, ÿogyn, giñi∫

widow   dul aÿal

widower   dul

width   giñlik

wife   aÿal, heleÿ, ma∫gala

wife and husband   ma∫gala

wife's brother   baja

wiggle   çyrpynmak

wild   hyrawa, ÿabany

wild dove   gögerçin

wilderness   jeññel

wilfullness   özba∫yña

will (testament)   wesÿetnama

will you   la

willingly   höwesjeñ

willow   söwüt, tal

willy-nilly   bialaç

wilt   solmak, myssarmak

win   utmak, üstün çykmak

wind   çyrpynmak, ∫emal, ÿel

wind around   çyrlamak

wind up   keleplemek

winding   aÿlawly

window   aÿna, äpi∫ge, penjire

window leaf   fortoçka^(r)

windy   ÿelli

wine   siÿdik, ∫erap

wine-glass   bulgur

wineskin   tulum

wing   ganat

wink   gypmak

winner   ÿeñiji

winnings   utu∫

winter   gy∫

wintering   gy∫lag

wintertime   gy∫yna

wipe   süpürmek

wire   sim

wisdom   parasat, paÿhas

wise   paÿhasly

wish   arzuw etmek, arzuwlamak, dilemek, myrat, arzuw, meÿil

wish for   meÿillenmek, küÿsemek

wit   dilewar

with   bilen, de∫irmek

with an accent   çalgyrt

with caution   emaÿ bilen

with effort   zordan

with pleasure   höwesjeñ

with spirit   göwnejaÿ

with two meanings   ikuçly

wither   çürü∫mek, pyssarmak, çalykmak

withered   agajet

within   içeri

without basis   esassyz

without delay   zöwwe

without doubt   ∫eksiz

without end   ummasyz

without hesitation   irginsiz

without permission   bidin, ygtyÿarsyz, jogapsyz

withstand   çydamak

witness   ∫aÿat

witty   dilewar

wizard   jadygöÿ

wobble   goduklamak

wolf   böri, möjek, gurt

wolfish   böri

woman   heleÿ, aÿal

woman's jacket   kofta^(r)

wonder   añalmak

wonderful   ajaÿyp, allanäme, täsin

wood   odun, tokaÿ

wooded place   tokaÿlyk

wooden hammer   tokmak

woodpecker   da∫de∫en

woof   argaç

wool   ÿüñ

word   söz

wordless   gürrüñsiz

work   i∫lemek, i∫lemek, i∫, i∫

work hard   emgenmek

work out   orna∫mak

work up   owkalamak

worker   i∫çi, i∫çi

workshop   ussahana

world   dünÿä, älem, jahan, älem-jahan

worldly   dünÿewi

worm   gurt, gurçuk

wormwood   kekre

worrisome   gaÿgyly

worry   darykmak, gaÿgy etmek, zowzuldamak, ynjalyksyzlanmak, gaÿgy, tolguny∫yk

worry someone   tolgundyrmak

worse   beter

worsen   beterlemek, gaÿralmak, ÿaramazla∫mak

worship   ba∫ egmek, ba∫ egme

worthless   biderek, birehim, warak

worthy   rowa

worthy (of)   mynasyp

worthy of blame   aÿyp

wound   kesdirmek, ÿaralamak, zarbykdyrmak, ÿara

wounded   ÿaraly, pers-ala

wow   bä

wow! oh! gosh!   be

wrap   dolamak, saramak

wrap around   dañmak

wrap up   çyrmamak, çolamak

wrapper   dolag

wreak havoc   möwç almak

wrestle   göre∫mek

wrestling   göre∫, sambo

wretch   pahyr, ∫ermende

wrinkle   epilmek

wrinkle   bürmek, çytmak, gasyn, ÿygyrmak

wrinkled   mürçük, mürrük, ÿygyrt, agajet

wrist   go∫ar

write   ÿazmak

writer   kyssaçy, ÿazyjy

writing   ÿazuw, hat

written work   eser

wrong   bimamla, nädogry, keçje

wrong side   çöwre

X

X-ray(s)   rentgen^(r)

Y

yard   howly, mellek, da∫

yarn   ÿüp

yawn   pallamak, pal

year   ÿyl

year before last   öññil

year by year   ÿylsaÿyn

yellow   sary, mele

yellowest   sap sary

yellowish   saryÿagyz

yelp   çuñsamak

yes   hawa

yesterday   düÿn

yesterday's   düÿnki

yet   entegem, entek, entäk, heniz, ∫indi

yield (cotton)   çäç

yo   ähey

yoghurt   süzme

you   sen, (plural or formal) siz

young   körpe, ÿa∫

young and old alike   uly-kiçi

Young Communist   komsomol^(r)

young girl   gelin

young people   juwan

young/little donkey   kürre

younger brother   jigi

younger sister-in-law   baldyz

your way   seniñçe, sizingçe

youth   juwan, juwanlyk, ÿa∫lyk, ÿigitlik

Z

zeal   yhlas, höwes

zealous   yhlasly

zero   nol^(r)

zinc   sink^(r)

zone   zona^(r)

zoo   haÿwanat bagy

zoological   zoologik^(r)

zoology   zoologiÿa^(r)