Пояснения к тексту:
* who is to judge - кто должен решать
** which events are to be reported - о каких событиях следует сообщить
III. Ответьте на следующие вопросы к тексту:
Do you agree that news occurs all the time, everywhere?
Must a reporter look for news or wait until something happens and then go and report it?
Out of the four different types of combinations of news what must a newspaper try to publish?
What does you newspaper publish?
Must a newspaper try to influence its readers in a certain direction?
Who decides what news must be reported in your newspaper?
What educational effect can a newspaper have on its readers?
Text
8.
I. Прежде чем прочитать текст, выучите следующие слова и выражения:
to obtain - получать
public relations - отношения с общественностью, т.е. сфера деятельности,
работники которой изучают отношения общественности к их фирме,
организации и т.д.
wire services - телеграфная служба новостей
to provide - обеспечить
previously recorded - ранее записанные
beat reporter - репортер, освещающий определенную сферу деятельности,
напр.: работу городского муниципалитета, полицейский участок и т.д.
general assignment reporter - репортер, не имеющий определенного участка
работы
to investigate - расследовать
welfare needs - социальные нужды
part-time - по совместительству, на полставки
contributor - внештатный автор
to rely on - полагаться на
merger - слияние, объединение
both ... and - как ... так
to supply - поставлять, снабжать
to disseminate - распространять
whereas - в то время как
spot news - новости с места события, репортаж
to raise children - воспитывать детей
Прочитайте и переведите текст: Sources of news
Newspapers obtain much of their news through their own reporters, the wire services and the newspaper syndicates. Some information is provided by public relations representatives of various firms and organizations and some is provided by individuals who want to express their views. News previously recorded is kept in the newspaper's library or "morgue".
Most newspapers get most of their local news through their own reporting staff. These staffs include beat reporters who cover such places as the City Hall. There are general assignment reporters to cover news that may break any day. Some newspapers are now creating special reporting teams to investigate problems such as health, education and welfare needs. Many newspapers have part-time correspondents to cover news which they consider important. Some newspapers have special contributors who write articles on special topics.
Most newspapers rely on the wire services and syndicates for their non-local news. The three major wire services today are; Reuters (which appeared in Great Britain in the last quarter of the 19th century), the Associated Press, which was started before 1865, and the United Press International, which was formed in 1958 by a merger of United Press and International News Service. Reuters, the AP and the UPI are newsgathering agencies that supply information for both newspapers and broadcasting stations on a worldwide basis. Smaller newspapers may have to rely on syndicate services.
The major wire services are organized into regional bureaus which gather and disseminate news and pictures for the media. News of regional interest gathered by the bureaus might be distributed only on that area whereas news of major importance would be sent throughout the whole country and even overseas.
Some persons think that it is bad that the wire services dominate the daily flow of news. It is also said that the wire services appeal to a low level in selecting news because they have too many different clients. This fact makes all newspapers the same in both style and coverage.
The major wire services have placed increased emphasis on interpretive reporting in recent years. The AP has added specialists in such fields as science, religion and urban affairs. The UPI has created a service, consisting of two levels, one for spot news and the other for analysis and interpretation of news. The AP has formed a "Mob Squad"* to find and report news of special interest to persons between 18 and 34. These reporters try to provide a bridge between the older and younger generations. This new team teaches young people how to spend their money, buy homes and raise their children. It also analyzes the phenomena of long hair, drugs, protest and rock music.
E.C. Hynds.
Пояснения к тексту:
"Mob Squad" - бригада репортеров, занимающихся проблемами молодежи, в том числе ее социально неблагополучной частью. (mob - толпа, сборище, шайка).