31.2. Answer the questions:

1. What kind of country is Canada?

2. What is the capital of Canada?

3. What are the main industries in Canada?

4. What are the official languages of Canada?

5. What place does Canada hold in the world in the amount of forests?

Unit 32. Geographical position of canada

32.1. Read and translate the text

Canada occupies the northern part of the North American continent and some islands. It borders on the USA. The country is washed by the Pacific Ocean in the west, by the Atlantic Ocean in the east and by the Arctic Ocean and its seas in the north.

The Canadian north remains one of the least settled and least exploited parts of the world. About 2 per cent of the Canadian territory is covered by glacier ice.

The eastern parts of the country are mainly valleys and plains. The western territories are occupied by the Cordilleras. They stretch from the American border to the Arctic Ocean.

The Cordillera region is composed of numerous mountain groups: the Rocky Mountains, the Coast Mountains and others.

The main Canadian islands are New­foundland, Victorian Island, Baffin Island and others.

There are a lot of rivers and lakes in Canada. Among them there are the Great Bear Lake, the Great Slave Lake and the Great Lakes District. The largest rivers are the Nelson, the Ottawa, the Mackenzie and the Yukon.

The population of Canada is about 25 million people. It is mainly concentrated in large cities.

The economically significant area of the country is its western part.

Canada is rich in mineral resources, such as non­ferrous metals, uranium, oil, natural gas and coal. It is also exceptionally rich in forests and fur­bearing animals.

All these factors led Canada to the position of a highly­developed country.

32.2. Answer the questions:

1. What oceans is Canada washed by?

2. What are the main islands of Canada?

3. What kind of landscape is there in the western territories?

4. What are the main mountains?

5. What are the biggest rivers and lakes in Canada?

Unit 33. Climate and nature of canada

33.1. Read and translate the text

Canada is situated in the northern part of the North American continent. It is washed by the Pacific Ocean in the west, by the Atlantic Ocean in the east and by the Arctic Ocean and its seas in the north. That is why the climate and the nature of Canada are much varied. The northern parts lie in the subarctic and arctic climatic zones. Most of the northern islands are covered with ice. The bays between them are covered with ice for 9—10 months a year. This territory has a climate with very cold winters and short, cool summers. The average winter temperature is about 35 degrees below zero. The average summer temperature is about 4 degrees above zero.

It contrasts with the rest of the territory, where the climate is moderate. This part gets enough amount of rainfall and heat. In the south there are large areas of fertile soils. The west of the country has a mild and humid climate thanks to a warm Pacific current. The average winter temperature is about 4 degrees above zero there. The average summer temperature is 21 degrees above zero. The region of the Cordilleras is famous for its beautiful forests. Canadian west is the most attractive part of the country. The snow­capped mountains and ocean bays create a surprisingly beautiful atmosphere. Besides, Canadian south is known for its changeable weather. Sometimes it is too humid, and some­ times it is too dry: the weather can change very quickly.

The Niagara Falls situated in that part of the country attracts people from all over the world by its unusual beauty.