Exercises

1.Translate the sentences into Russian:

1. Society cannot exist without using political instrument of the economically dominant class.

2. Law and legislation date back to the days when primitive communal society which had no need for having law, gave way first class-based socio-economic formation.

3. Theories on law were based on asserting that law plays a constructive role in society.

4. A wise legislator will prevent crime instead of meting out punishment for it.

5. The criminal should have no hope of getting away with his crime and consequently, of going unpunished.

6. Laws are made for the sake of man and society with the aim of |protecting them.

7. The problem may be summarized by saying that a criminal offence is an offence against any private right and punishable by the state.

8. The Tudor period in Great Britain saw the development of modern procedure, in particular the practice of giving three readings to a bill.

9. There is a need for drawing a distinction between crimes and those violations of law which are not criminal.

10. Though there were many attempts of giving a definition of a «crime», no really satisfactory definition of a «crime» has yet been given.

11. Many famous jurists define a «crime» as an act of violating the law of the state.

2 . Translate the sentences into Russian:

1. The main task of police work is the task of protecting society against crime.

2. The repressive function of the police is realized by making arrest of a criminal.

3. There is a need for making a function of social protection more effective.

4. The duty of providing an adequate and efficient police force for police area under its control is the primary duty of a police authority.

5. The principal responsibility of the central government /or preserving law and order throughout Great Britain is reflected in the police powers vested by Parliament in the Home Secretary.

6. The Home Secretary is empowered of making regulations as tc the government, administration and conditions of service in police forces.

7. A criminal investigation department is primarily responsible foidetecting crime.

British police forces have additional departments for dealing

8. With special aspects of police work.

9. As part of criminal detection police officers have the duty of classifying crime reports and collecting all kinds of information relating to crime to prepare crime statistics.

10. Great Britain has no national CID, but police forces have the right of inviting Scotland Yard to help them in the investigation of serious crimes.

11. Adequate patrol is an effective means of preventing crime.

12. The FBI, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, is considered by many to be a very effective investigative body. It is responsible for investigating all Federal laws.

13. One of the functions of the FBI is operating a national crime laboratory.

3. Say what parts of speech the underlined -ing- forms are and translate the sentences into Russian.

1. In some cases the police do not know who committed the crime or, if they do know, they cannot locate the offender. This is the classic problem of detection, the problem of discovering reliable information that will lead to the identification and arrest of a criminal.

2. Every police officer classifies each case as promising or unpromising on the basis of several criteria, the most important of which is whether or not he thinks he can solve it.

3. While speaking to a victim or witness, the main task of the detective is his ability to conduct a productive interview.

4. Despite their importance, interviewing skills are primarily learned on the job.

5. Having productive informants is essential in many criminal cases.

6. Some states in the USA require a grand jury hearing in felony cases.

7. The grand jury consists of 12-23 persons who sit for 3 to 18 months depending on the jurisdiction.

8. The no contest plea (the same as a guilty plea) is often used when a person is facing both criminal and civil charges.

9. The patrol officer, in taking the original report, will talk with the victim to find out what happened.

10. When protecting a crime scene, the officer must remember that nothing is to be touched or moved.