External and Domestic Security

Ukraine shall have the right to the Armed Forces of its own and state security bodies subordinate to the Supreme Soviet of Ukraine. The citizens of Ukraine shall do active service as a rule, on the territory of their country and cannot be used for military purposes beyond its borders without the sanction of the Supreme Soviet of Ukraine. Ukraine does solemnly proclaim its intention to become in the future a permanently neutral state. It will not participate in military blocs and will adhere to the three non - nuclear principles: not to accept, not to produce and not to acquire nuclear weapons.

4.13. Act out the conversation below.

International relations

-	Shall Ukraine maintain direct relations with other states?
-	Sure. It shall conclude agreements, exchange diplomatic, consular and trade missions and participate in activities of international organizations.
-	In what way can it be done?
-	This will be done on a scale necessary for effective satisfaction of national interests of Ukraine.
-	What interests?
-	Interests in the political, economic, ecological, international, scientific, technological, cultural and sport spheres.
-	I see. On the base of what shall such relation be built?
-	Relations with other states shall be built on the basis of treaties concluded on the principles of equality, mutual respect and non — interference in each other's international affairs.

4.14. Retell the text “Ukraine – Our Native Land”.

2. Text II

Sports in ukraine. Citius, altius, fortius!

Ukrainian sports are quite well-developed and separate Ukrainian athletes rank with the world stars. Evidence of this is found in the Olympic results.

It can be said that Ukraine’s participation in the World Olympic Movement started in 1894, when a 56-year-old Ukrainian General by the name of Oleksiy Butovsky, born in the village of Pyatyborsti, Poltava Gubernia, visited Paris to attend the Athletic Congress, where he became one of the founding members of the Movement. He remained a member of the International Olympic Committee since 1894 till 1900.

A hundred years later other Ukrainian athletes found themselves on the Committee. First Valeriy Borzov, the famous sprinter, was elected a member of the IOC. Then Serhiy Bubka, our outstanding pole-vaulter, joined the committee.

Only having proclaimed its independence Ukraine could send its national team to vie in the Games.

It happened early in 1994, at the 17^th Winter Games in Lillehammer. Young figure skater Oksana Bayul went down into Olympic history, winning the first gold medal for independent Ukraine.

Come to think of it, the Olympic victories of Ukrainian athletes are quite impressive with over 500 trophies, including almost 200 gold medals. By its athletic attainments over the past 50 years Ukraine ranks with the world’s 20 leading Olympic countries.

Among the Olympic champions are Ukrainian gymnasts Victor Chukaryn, Larysa Latynina, Mariya Horokhovska, Boris Shakhlin; rowers Volodymyr Morozov, Oleksandr Shaparenko, Serhiy Chukhrai; yachtsman Valentyn Mankin; track-and-field athletes Valeriy Borzov, Serhiy Bubka, Olha Bryzgina, Volodymyr Holubnychy, Yuri Syedykh; wrestlers Oleksandr Kolchynsky, Serhiy Byelohlazov; weightlifter Leonid Zhabotynski; handball players Larysa Karlova, Zinayida Turchyna; volleyball player Yuri Poyarkov, Yuri Venherovsky; water polo player Oleksiy Barkalov, and many others.

One can’t but mention sportsmen winning on several Olympic Games. And Larysa Latynina has the longest history of records in the Olympic annals: 18 medals, including 9 golden, 5 silver and 4 bronze trophies from the 16^th, 17^th and 18^th Games. Valeriy Borzov pocketed 2 gold, 1 silver, and 2 bronze medals at the 20^th and 21^st Games. Volodymyr Morozov won 1961, 1968 and 1972. Valentyn Mankin vied in four Games running (1986, 1972, 1976, 1980). Pentathlonist Pavlo Lednyov won 7 Olympic medals: 2 gold, 2 silver and 3 bronze.

This enviable experience in training Olympic athletes makes it possible to achieve good results now, too. Ukrainian experts and coaches contribute noticeably to the preparation of Olympic contenders from different countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America.

Most importantly, however, there is the young generation of athletes in Ukraine. They are growing strong, and all their victories are still ahead.

1. Listen to the text “Sports in Ukraine. Citius, Altius, Fortius!”

2. Read and translate the text.

3. Find English equivalents for the following words:

швидше, вище, сильніше; окремий/певний; все ще попереду; посідати місце/класифікуватися; свідотство; знаходити/виявляти; відвідувати; фундатор/ член-засновник; залишатися; з … до; видатний; обирати; МОК; стрибун з жердиною; видатний; соперничати; увійти до історії олімпійського спорту; на початку; вражаючий; трофей; серед; провідний; входити до двадцятки провідних світових держав; за своїми спортивними досягненнями; за останні 50 років; гімнаст; волейболіст; веслувальник; ватерполіст; яхтсмен; гандболіст; легкоатлет; борець; важкоатлет; згадувати; найдовший послужний список участі в Олімпійських Іграх; покласти до кишені; підряд; досвід, що викликає захоплення; робити можливим; спеціаліст/фахівець; зробити значний внесок; суперник/претендент; однак.

4. Make up special questions to each paragraph of the text.

5. Tack true or false statements. Correct the false statements to make them true.

   		True	False
   1	Ukrainian sports don’t exist at all.	□	□
   2	Oleksiy Butovsky was the first Ukrainian participant at the Olympic Games.	□	□
   3	V. Borzov and S. Bubka are the Ukrainian members of the IOC.	□	□
   4	O. Bayul won her gold Olympic medal in Lillehammer. .	□	□
   5	Ukraine ranks with the world’s ten leading Olympic countries by its athletic attainments.	□	□
   6	Volodymyr Morozov is an outstanding Ukrainian weightlifter.	□	□
   7	Larysa Latynina is well-known as the youngest Olympic participant.	□	□
   8	First Ukraine sent its national team to vie in the 17th Summer Olympic Games.	□	□
   9	Ukrainian experts and coaches are highly appreciated abroad.	□	□
   10	Health of the whole nation is more important thing than Olympic records.	□	□
   11	Young generation of Ukrainian athletes will promote the glory of their Olympic legacy.	□	□

6. Place the correct preposition in the blank if necessary.

1. Practically every tournament was won … almost 20 years on end if it

involved the Kyiv Spartak handball team, led … Senior Coach Ihor Turchyn. 2. … several occasions Zinayida Turchina and Larysa Karlova were named the best palyers … world and European championships. 3. Great success was achieved … women’s basketball team … Ukraine winning the 1995 European Championship. 4. The Kyiv Budivelnyk basketball, Sokil hockey and Zaporizhya’a Orbita volleyball teams enjoy constant popularity … their fans, even though they don’t have any loud victories to their credit.

7. Open the brackets and use a verb in a proper tense and mood form.

1. Serhiy Bubka (be born) in Donetsk in 1963. 2. This world-famous pole vaulter (be) the first in Ukraine to receive the prestigious title “Merited Master of Sport of Ukraine”, followed by that of “Master of Sport, International Class”. 3. This , graduate of the NUPESU (be) an eight times world champion, Olympic champion. 4. This athlete (be) a holder of 35 world records (indoors and outdoors). 5. Serhiy Bubka repeatedly (win) the Grand Prix world series, and (name) World’s Best Athlete. 6. Today he (be) an athletic symbol of Ukraine, and often (refer) to as Ukraine’s “Ambassador Plenipotentiary of Sports”. 7. S. Bubka (be) one of a few heroes in the whole history of sport and mankind who (be honoured) with a monument in his life-time. 8. Having completed his fantastic athletic career in Olympic Sydney Serhiy Bubka (elect) a member of the IOC Executive Board. 9. It (occur) not only because of his unprecedented athletic deeds but owing to his top proficiency, active life position, and exceptional features of his personality.

8. Insert articles if necessary.

1. Among … best known team athletes are … Kyiv Dynamo soccer players.

2. In 1975 and 1986 they, led by … noted coach Valeriy Lobanovsky, took … European Cup. 3. There is hardly another such record in history when … separate club team, in full strength, puts on shirts with national colours and continues to beat rivals in … world’s highest soccer league. 4. Anyway, this is precisely what happened to … Kyiv Dynamo – and twice, in 1975 and 1985. 5. Only on three occasions were Europe’s best soccer players named from among those of … former Soviet Union. 6. And on two occasions they were …residents of Kyiv: Oleh Blokhin and Ihor Byelanov. 7. Yuri Voynov and Ihor Byelanov were in … world’s best symbolic soccer teams in 1958 and 1986, respectively.

9. Have a dictation.

Though rhythmic gymnastics is a relatively new sport it has gained great popularity in Ukraine. It is purely a female sport. No wonder it is a whole world of beauty, harmony and rhythmic movements. The Ukrainian school of rhythmic gymnastics is recognized the world over. At different periods its graduates Iryna Deryuhina, Oleksandra Tymoshenko. Oksana Skaldina, Kateryna Serebrianska, Olena Vitrychenko and others won the Olympics and world championships.

10. Translate the following into English.