8. Ответьте на вопросы.

1. What types of activities are common to all managers?

2. What are top managers responsible for?

3. What activities are middle managers involved in?

4. What activities do first-line managers deal with?

5. What does the success of a company depend on?

Text № 3

Leadership.

According to Fred Fiedler, Professor of Psychology and Management at the University of Washington, there are two basic leadership styles:

Task-motivated leaders tell people what to do and how to do it. Such leaders give clear orders and expect clear directives from their supervisors.

Relationship-motivated leaders are more people-oriented. They get their satisfaction from having a good relationship with other workers. They want to be admired and liked by their subordinates. Such leaders share responsibility with group members by encouraging subordinates to participate in decision-making.

The greatest leaders have charisma, an attractive quality that makes other people believe them and want to follow them. People say that leaders have drive, dynamism and energy.

Before, managers were distant, not easy to communicate with. Today, managers are more open, their subordinates can approach them and talk to them easily. There is more management by consensus, where decisions are not imposed from above, but made by asking employees to contribute. Hopefully, this trend will continue.

Managers need the ability to delegate the authority – to give other people responsibility for work and not do everything themselves. It is necessary to encourage people to use their own initiative, to take their own decisions without asking managers first. Of course, then there is another very important problem: keeping control of everybody’s joint work. It is a central issue of modern management.

1. Прочитайте и переведите текст на русский язык, используя перевод слов.

1) leadership – руководство

2) according to – согласно, в соответствии с

3) task-motivated leaders – руководители, ставящие перед подчиненными задачи

4) to give clear orders – отдавать четкие приказания

5) to expect clear directives – ожидать четких указаний

6) relationship-motivated leaders – руководители, ориентированные на создание отношений

7) to get satisfaction (from) – получать удовлетворение (от)

8) to admire – восхищаться

9) to share responsibility – разделять ответственность

10) to encourage – поощрять, вдохновлять

11) to participate (in) – участвовать (в)

12) charisma – харизма

13) an attractive quality – привлекательное качество

14) drive – энергия, сила

15) distant – отдаленный, недоступный

16) to approach – приближаться, иметь доступ к общению

17) consensus – консенсус, взаимопонимание

18) to impose decisions from above – навязывать, «спускать» решения сверху

19) to contribute (to) – внести вклад (в)

20) to keep control of the joint work – контролировать совместную работу

21) issue – вопрос

2. Дайте английские эквиваленты слов и выражений из текста.

1) привлекательное качество, 2) разделять ответственность, 3) получать удовлетворение от, 4) ожидать четких указаний, 5) восхищаться, 6) руко-водство, 7) энергия, сила, 8) поощрять, вдохновлять, 9) контролировать совместную работу, 10) спускать решения сверху, 11) участвовать в, 12) согласно, в соответствии с, 13) отдавать четкие приказы, 14) вопрос, 15) консенсус, взаимопонимание, 16) руководители, ставящие перед подчиненными задачи, 17) руководители, ориентированные на создание отношений, 18) харизма, 19) отдаленный, недоступный, 20) приближаться, иметь доступ к общению, 21) внести вклад (в)

3. Переделайте предложения, используя пассивный залог.

1) Our top manager always gives clear orders. 2) We expected clear directives from our supervisor. 3) All the employees admire Mr Smith’s style of leadership. 4) It is good when all the members of the team share responsibility. 5) Our boss encourages us to participate in a new project. 6) If you delegate authority to people, they feel responsible for the work. 7) If you use initiative and take your own decisions, you will become more efficient in work. 8) The head of the team usually keeps control of the joint work of all its members.

4. Составьте предложения, используя следующие конструкции и выражения:

It is necessary - Необходимо… It is important - Важно…

It is easy (difficult) – Легко ( трудно)… It is preferable - Предпочтительно…

1) to participate in a new project, 2) to delegate authority to subordinates, 3) to give people responsibility for work, 4) to use initiative, 5) to give clear directives, 6) to get satisfaction from work, 7) (not) to impose the decisions from above, 8) to keep control of the joint work

5.Вставьте пропущенные слова и выражения из текста.

1) If the boss ... ... ... , his subordinates can ... his orders well. 2) Good ... with colleagues ... to the success of the work. 3) If the manager communicates with his subordinates, ... people to use their initiative, ... responsibility with them, he is liked and ... by them. 4) You should ... your employees ... in decision-making. 5) In team work the leader must ... ... of the joint work. 6) A good leader does not ... ... on his subordinates but manages by ...

Используйте следующие слова:

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impose decisions gives clear directives relationships

carry out encourages to participate encourage

consensus shares contribute admired keep control of

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